With the building integrated solar heat collector
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of solar thermal collector of field of solar energy utilization, particularly a kind of and building integrated solar heat collector.
Technical background
Conventional energy resource day in the world today is becoming tight, countries in the world to the utilization of solar energy more and more widely, solar water heater has also obtained developing by leaps and bounds.The invention of all-glass vacuum heat pipe has play a part to add fuel to the flames to the popularization of solar water heater, but along with further developing of solar heat utilization and building industry, particularly along with building develops to high level, some weakness of this heat collector are just more and more outstanding, the one, heat-collecting temperature is low general only about 60 ℃, except that making water heater, other conducts have been difficult to, and based on the solar water heater of all-glass vacuum heat pipe, owing to can only use at roof, each household can not have the bigger collector area of acquisition, in high-rise, the resident family of lower floor also can't use, simultaneously this water heater and the inharmonic problem of building are more and more outstanding, are laying solar water heater in different poses and with different expressions on the limited high-rise roof of area, and water inlet pipe, outlet pipe then is suspended on the outside of building, enter each user from window, strong wind one blows fluttering and swings, and is neither attractive in appearance, and dangerous.Incorporate requirement has also just come on the referred schedule.Because being engaged in the engineers and technicians of solar heat utilization does not understand for the routine requirement of building industry, and the engineers and technicians of building industry utilize the design of engineering to be unfamiliar with to solar heat, so, when building designs, the ununified installation question of considering solar water heater, after building is finished, when solar water heater is installed, for whole buildingization, facade neat appearance, the requirement that just is difficult to satisfy building industry harmonious in colour of building industry requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and the building integrated solar heat collector, can obtain higher heat-collecting temperature, various solar utilizing equipment with it is done can satisfy the requirement of whole buildingization preferably, are fit to the use of any one deck user in the high-rise.
Provided by the present invention as follows: by heat-collecting box with building integrated solar heat collector technical scheme, separating heat tube is formed, the evaporator section of metal heat pipe is placed horizontally in the heat-collecting box in the separating heat tube, the condensation segment of metal heat pipe is higher than its evaporator section, be characterized in that four side plates of described heat-collecting box and back plate are embedded in recessed building and face south in the respective cuboid groove on the wall, the cylinder Fresnel lens of employing focal line axle horizontal direction setting is done the front panel of heat-collecting box, the cylinder Fresnel lens is parallel with the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, and the evaporator section of metal heat pipe is positioned on the focal line axle of cylinder Fresnel lens.
Provided by the present invention as follows: as to gather solar energy by the separating heat tube in the heat-collecting box, and convert thereof into heat energy with building integrated solar heat collector operation principle.Because four side plates of heat-collecting box and back plate are embedded in recessed building and face south in the respective cuboid groove on the wall, can make full use of the sunny slope of building, each household all can obtain bigger collector area, and each layer user who is fit to high-rise uses.Because separating heat tube is positioned at heat-collecting box, and, four side plates of heat-collecting box and back plate are embedded in recessed building and face south in the respective cuboid groove on the wall, adopt other helioplants such as solar water heater that this solar thermal collector makes or solar cooker, its hot water or cold water's the aqueduct or the pipeline of transfer heat are all in building, both avoided the water-in and water-out pipeline to be suspended on the building outside and the inharmonic embarrassment of monolithic architecture thing, guaranteed the security of using again, and can design the initial stage just with the building global design at building.Simultaneously, do the front panel of heat-collecting box owing to adopt the cylinder Fresnel lens of focal line axle horizontal direction setting, the evaporator section of metal heat pipe places in the heat-collecting box, parallel with the cylinder Fresnel lens, and be positioned on the focal line axle of cylinder Fresnel lens, by the cylinder Fresnel lens with solar ray collecting on the focal line axle that its horizontal direction is provided with, and the evaporator section of metal heat pipe all is on the focal line axle of cylinder Fresnel lens, after the sunlight line focus heat is concentrated on the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, because metal heat pipe horizontal positioned, its inner working medium is heated equably, evaporation soon, become steam state, again because the horizontal level of the condensation segment of described metal heat pipe is higher than the horizontal level of its evaporator section, and steam state working medium enters condensation segment through isothermal heat conduction section, condensation segment with carry out becoming liquid refrigerant after the heat exchange with hot body, flow back to evaporator section by liquid back pipe, be heated again, evaporation forms thermal cycle.Because the cylinder Fresnel lens is assembled the effect of sunshine, make that the steam state working medium temperature that enters condensation segment is higher, do working medium as adopting water, reach as high as 250 ℃, as select for use other suitable working medium also can obtain higher temperature.Therefore, this and building integrated solar heat collector not only can be done the heat collector of water heater, and, can also do the heat collector of multiple medium and high temperature helioplants such as solar cooker, milk tea machine.Simultaneously, because the focal line axle of cylinder Fresnel lens and the equal horizontal direction setting of evaporator section of heat pipe, so need not heat be gathered on the evaporator section of heat pipe complicated sun tracker all the time, under the condition of equal collector area, can increase heat-collecting capacity, improve the thermal conversion efficiency of solar thermal collector widely.
Solar thermal collector provided by the present invention has been accomplished with building integrated veritably, solar thermal collector and building are organically combined, and all users that are suitable in the high-rise with the various helioplants that it is done use, can make each user all obtain bigger collector area, to compare actual collector area big more than 20% with conventional vacuum thermal-collecting tube heat collector, heat collector can obtain higher heat-collecting temperature simultaneously, is beneficial to using and promoting of solar utilizing equipment.This solar thermal collector also has safe and reliable, the advantage that the thermal efficiency is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is installed in overall schematic on the building with provided by the present invention and building integrated solar heat collector;
Fig. 2 is provided by the present invention and structural representation building integrated solar heat collector embodiment one;
Fig. 3 be adopt the embodiment of the invention one that provided with the building integrated solar heat collector be the solar water heater structure schematic diagram of heat collector;
Fig. 4 be adopt the embodiment of the invention one that provided with the building integrated solar heat collector be the structural representation of the solar energy stove of heat collector;
Fig. 5, be provided by the present invention and structural representation building integrated solar heat collector embodiment two.
Among Fig. 1: 1, high-rise, 2, window, 3, the heat-collecting box of solar thermal collector.Among Fig. 2: 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 is four side plates of the heat-collecting box of solar thermal collector, 3.5, the back plate of heat-collecting box, 4.1, the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, 4.2, the isothermal heat conduction section of metal heat pipe, 4.3, the condensation segment of metal heat pipe, 4.4, the liquid back pipe, 5 of metal heat pipe, cylinder Fresnel lens, 6, be enclosed within the glass tube with vacuum of the evaporator section outside of metal heat pipe, 6.1, the sealing shutoff, 7, bracing frame 8, the isothermal heat conduction section of the heating tube that on plate behind the solar thermal collector, stays and the hole that liquid back pipe passes.Among Fig. 3: 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 be four side plates of the heat-collecting box of solar thermal collector, 3.5, the back plate of heat-collecting box, 4.1, the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, 4.2, the isothermal heat conduction section of metal heat pipe, 4.3, the condensation segment of metal heat pipe, 4.4, the liquid back pipe of metal heat pipe, 5, cylinder Fresnel lens as the heat-collecting box front panel, 6, be enclosed within the glass tube with vacuum of the evaporator section outside of metal heat pipe, 6.1, the sealing shutoff, 7, the heat pipe bracing frame, 8, the isothermal heat conduction section of the heating tube that on the solar thermal collector rear board, stays and the hole 9 that liquid back pipe passes, water tank, 10, cold water inlet, 11, the hot water outlet pipe.Among Fig. 4 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 be four side plates of the heat-collecting box of solar thermal collector, 3.5, the back plate of heat-collecting box, 4.1, the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, 4.2, the isothermal heat conduction section of metal heat pipe, 4.3, the condensation segment of metal heat pipe, 4.31, the cooker hole of condensation segment upper surface, 4.4, the liquid back pipe of metal heat pipe, 5, cylinder Fresnel lens as the heat-collecting box front panel, 6, be enclosed within the glass tube of the evaporator section outside of metal heat pipe, 6.1, the sealing shutoff, 7, the heat pipe bracing frame, 8, the isothermal heat conduction section of the heating tube that on plate behind the solar thermal collector, stays and the hole that liquid back pipe passes.3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 is four side plates of the heat-collecting box of solar thermal collector among Fig. 5,3.5, the back plate of heat-collecting box, 4.1, the evaporator section of 4.1 ' metal heat pipe, 4.2, the isothermal heat conduction section of 4.2 ' metal heat pipe, 4.3, the condensation segment of 4.3 ' metal heat pipe, 4.4, the liquid back pipe, 5 of 4.4 ' metal heat pipe, as the cylinder Fresnel lens of heat-collecting box front panel, 6, be enclosed within the glass tube with vacuum of the evaporator section outside of metal heat pipe, 6.1, the sealing shutoff, 7, the thermal-collecting tube bracing frame.8, the isothermal heat conduction section of the heating tube that on the solar thermal collector rear board, stays and hole that liquid back pipe passes.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.The provided by the present invention as can be seen from Figure 1 and heat-collecting box building integrated solar heat collector is arranged on the wall on the sunny side of building, and the heat-collecting box of this solar thermal collector can be made full-embedded type, and heat-collecting box is whole to embed in the body of wall that faces south; Also can make half built-in, a part embeds in the body of wall, and a part is stretched out outside the wall, can make each user all obtain bigger collector area, and the position of heat-collecting box can just together consider at the initial stage of building design, looks and whole building is relatively coordinated.Figure 2 shows that provided by the present invention and the structural representation building integrated solar heat collector.As seen from the figure: the heat-collecting box of this heat collector surrounds by four side plates 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4, back plate 3.5 with as the cylinder Fresnel lens 5 of front panel, glass-vacuum tube 6 is fixed in the heat-collecting box by bracing frame 7, the metal heat pipe evaporator section is in glass-vacuum tube, port at glass-vacuum tube has sealing shutoff 6.1, the evaporator section 4.1 of metal heat pipe is positioned on the focal line of cylinder Fresnel lens 5, the horizontal level of metal heat pipe condenser section 4.3 is higher than its evaporator section 4.1, by isothermal heat conduction section 4.2 and liquid back pipe 4.4 both are connected, form the circulatory system of heat.In the present embodiment with the building integrated solar heat collector in four side plates 3.1 of heat-collecting box, 3.2,3.3,3.4 and back plate 3.5 adopts aluminium sheet to make, be embedded in the respective cuboid groove on the recessed skin, cylinder Fresnel lens 5 is fixed on the front of heat-collecting box, select focal length 30-50 centimetre for use, its setting angle is with doing slight adjustment season, to guarantee that the focal line axle drops on the evaporator section of heat pipe all the time, cylinder Fresnel lens 5 can also adopt double-deck cylinder Fresnel lens to make, along with the incidence angle that seasonal variations can suitably be regulated light, make the focal line axle of Fresnel lens all drop on the evaporator section of heat pipe throughout the year; Heat pipe adopts stainless steel to make, and its isothermal heat conduction section and liquid back pipe can adopt flexible pipe, is enclosed within its outside glass tube with vacuum and adopts resistant to elevated temperatures silicon boron glass to make, and the sealing shutoff 6.1 of its port can be adopted the heatproof vacuum rubber.Also can adopt special glass-metal to melt welding technology, can on the metope of the back plate 3.5 of heat-collecting box and back thereof, reserve the position 8 that isothermal heat conduction section 4.2 and liquid back pipe 4.4 pass through port sealing.Shown in Figure 3 is that to adopt provided by the present invention and building integrated solar heat collector be the solar water heater structure schematic diagram of heat collector.This solar water heater uses and provided by the present inventionly does heat collector with the building integrated solar heat collector as we know from the figure, and the condensation segment of heat pipe enters in the water tank 9, it in addition cold water inlet 10, hot water outlet pipe 11 all in the indoor layout of building.This solar water heater can consider when building designs in the lump, both kept harmonious with building, and what guaranteed again to use is safe and reliable.The material that uses with the each several part of building integrated solar heat collector in the present embodiment is identical with embodiment one.Water tank can adopt corrosion resistant plate to make, and the outside of water tank also can be provided with heat-insulation layer.Figure 4 shows that an embodiment who utilizes provided by the present invention and building integrated solar heat collector to make solar energy stove.Form by being embedded in the face south solar thermal collector on the wall and the cooker hole 4.31 that is located at the condensation segment upper surface of building in this embodiment.Described solar thermal collector is formed heat-collecting box by four side plates 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4, back plate 3.5 and cylinder Fresnel lens 5, there is a glass-vacuum tube 6 outside of the evaporator section 4.1 of metal heat pipe, be fixed in the heat-collecting box by bracing frame 7, at its port sealing shutoff 6.1 is arranged, the horizontal level of metal heat pipe condenser section 4.3 is higher than its evaporator section 4.1, by isothermal heat conduction section 4.2 and liquid back pipe 4.4 both are connected, form the circulatory system of heat.The evaporator section 4.1 of metal heat pipe is positioned on the focal line axle of cylinder Fresnel lens 5, by the cylinder Fresnel lens sunshine is accumulated on the metal heat pipe evaporator section 4.1, after liquid refrigerant in the pipe is subjected to thermal evaporation, after becoming steam, steam state working medium enters condensation segment 4.3 through isothermal heat conduction section 4.2, cooker is placed in the cooker hole, and the heat of steam state working medium is absorbed by the food in cooker and the cooker in the condensation segment, finishes the cooking.Because the focussing force of cylinder Fresnel lens, this solar cooker can obtain higher temperature, does working medium as adopting water, the steam state working medium temperature that enters condensation segment can be up to 250 ℃, as adopt other suitable working medium, and also can obtain higher temperature, this heat is enough to satisfy the required heat of cooked food.Material that uses with the each several part of building integrated solar heat collector in the present embodiment and embodiment are together.Shown in Figure 5 is provided by the present invention and structural representation building integrated solar heat collector embodiment two.Employing in the present embodiment is reserved in four sides of cuboid groove on the body of wall and heat-collecting box is done in the space that surrounds later, be inlaid with the groove of fixed front panel on the prosopyle of heat-collecting box, have on the front panel by two lump cokes apart from the cylinder Fresnel lens that is 10 centimetres, the focal line axle of two cylinder Fresnel lenses is parallel, separating heat tube is two, be fixed in the heat-collecting box by bracing frame 7, the evaporator section 4.1,4.1 of two heat pipes ', and lay respectively on the focal length axle of two cylinder Fresnel lenses, glass-vacuum tube adopts the silicon boron glass, and the thermal-collecting tube support adopts aluminium to make.Use this heat collector, the user can adopt one road heat pipe heat circulating system hot water supply device usefulness, adopts another road heat pipe heat circulating system to use for solar cooker or sun milk tea machine, and heat pipe adopts copper material to make.