CN100397069C - Monitoring method and equipment for ecological environment and environmental pollution - Google Patents
Monitoring method and equipment for ecological environment and environmental pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN100397069C CN100397069C CNB2004100270168A CN200410027016A CN100397069C CN 100397069 C CN100397069 C CN 100397069C CN B2004100270168 A CNB2004100270168 A CN B2004100270168A CN 200410027016 A CN200410027016 A CN 200410027016A CN 100397069 C CN100397069 C CN 100397069C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for monitoring the ecological environment and the environmental pollution, particularly a method for monitoring the ecological environment and the environmental pollution by detecting the speed of light-induction delayed luminescence attenuation of leaves of plants. The present invention also discloses a device capable of realizing the method, and the device is composed of a chloroplast light-induction delayed luminescence attenuation speed detection device, can overcome the insufficiency of a physical and chemical monitoring method by utilizing chloroplast light-induction delayed luminescence of plants as a monitoring means and can monitor the ecological environment and various kinds of environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring method of a kind of ecologic environment and environmental pollution, specifically is a kind of method of monitoring ecologic environment and environmental pollution by detection plant leaf blade photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay.The invention still further relates to the device of implementing this method.
Background technology
Along with the countries in the world legislations of environmental protection is more and more stricter to the monitoring of air quality and all kinds of pollution source, in order to adapt to this requirement, various environment measuring means have all obtained promoting rapidly, especially optical detective technology.Use the remote monitoring instrument of optical technology to compare, obtain rapidly promoting with the some monitor that generally uses at present.Mainly be to use the remote sense instrument at present in environmental monitoring technology, it is according to Spectrum Absorption Principle, detects in infrared, visible and black light spectral limit.The infrared instrument that is widely used now is mainly the infrared instrument of non-diffusion (NDIR).The spectral range of the molecule absorption radiation that the selection of the infrared instrument use of non-diffusion light-filter will be monitored.But it can only measure a kind of dusty gas at any time, because spectral resolution is not very high, therefore, is subjected to the interference of other gases easily.And in some detected, sensitivity was not very high.
Summary of the invention
The inventor finds after deliberation: for the kindred plant blade (the last leaf of boot leaf) of identical health status, its photoinduction delayed luminescence intensity rate of decay in time has consistance (rate of decay is measured) under uniform temp; The delayed luminescence intensity rate of decay in time of kindred plant blade with identical photosynthetic rate in the error allowed band much at one; The photosynthetic rate of plant and its environment of growing have very direct relation.Generally speaking: when plant was grown in the environment of heavy contamination when it, the photosynthetic rate of blade was lower than the photosynthetic rate in the good environment, and the photoinduction delayed luminescence decay in time of corresponding blade is slower; Otherwise it is fast that the photoinduction delayed luminescence decay in time of blade is wanted.
Attenuation equation is I=I
0e
-(t+t0)/τ, I wherein
0Be the initial light intensity level of plant leaf blade photoinduction delayed luminescence decay, it is decided by the health status of plant leaf blade itself and measures the delayed luminescence condition: the factors such as temperature when the dark adatpation time of blade, excitation wavelength, excitating light strength, firing time, time delay, sample measurement.Though it can reflect the health status of plant itself under the situation that measuring condition is fixed,, can accurately measure it hardly because it is a lot of to influence the factor of measurement result; t
0For beginning to measure preceding time delay after exciting, t is die-away time; τ is a damping time constant, and the speed of its reflection delayed luminescence decay is a rate of decay.When fixing (dark adatpation 10min, firing time 4s, delay 10s, 25 ℃) in normal condition of leaf development and measuring condition, the scope of the last leaf τ of boot leaf value is 3～4.74, and its value has the effect of coercing greater than the environment of plant growth in 4.8 o'clock to plant.Its numerical value can reflect the pollution level of environment.
Through discovering, measurement is exciting plant leaf blade to produce the Strength Changes curve in the 60s behind the photoinduction delayed luminescence delay 10s, its rate of decay has specificity, measures the rate of decay of plant leaf blade at preceding 60s in view of the above, more accurately the pollution level of measurement environment.
The objective of the invention is to shortcoming, provide a kind of and monitor the method for ecologic environment and environmental pollution by detecting plant leaf blade photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay at the prior art existence.
Another object of the present invention provides the device of this method of enforcement.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
The monitoring method of a kind of ecologic environment and environmental pollution comprises the steps:
(1) the last leaf of boot leaf with growing plant in the environment to be measured places the darkroom, dark adatpation 5～10min;
(2) be that 2750～5500lux, wavelength coverage are the even irradiation blade of excited by visible light light source 0.2～20s of 400～760nm with light intensity, the inducer blade chloroplast produces the delayed luminescence of long period;
(3) postpone t after closing excitation source
0, utilize optical fiber receive module to receive this delayed luminescence signal, and convert thereof into electric signal from blade;
(4) electric signal is converted to digital signal and imports computing machine by analog to digital converter;
(5) utilize data processing software that digital signal is carried out data processing, obtain the delayed luminescence intensity decay in time of blade;
(6) utilization index decay match die-away curve in data processing software obtains blade delayed luminescence rate of decay constant τ;
(7), obtain the pollution level of this environment with this photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay constant τ and comparison of given rate constant in time.
The device of implementing above-mentioned detection method mainly comprises excited by visible light assembly, optical fiber receive module, analog to digital converter, computing machine, sample chamber, darkroom; Signal is connected between electrical connection between electrical connection between light excitation component and the computing machine, optical fiber receive module and the analog to digital converter, analog to digital converter and the computing machine; Described optical fiber receive module is by the photographic lens of collecting light, optical filter wheel, connect and compose with detector; Place blade to be measured on the sample stage of sample chamber, place in the darkroom.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Because being the pore from the blade, environmental pollutants enters in the plant, what the infringement of plant was stood in the breach is infringement to vegetable cell, show as the plant leaf blade decrease of photosynthesis rate, thereby cause that photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay constant τ changes, even very slight pollution.Next is only the various blemish of seeing that the people can feel to obtain or eyes are seen.So come the pollution of monitoring of environmental to have sensitive characteristics by measuring plant photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay.Because kindred plant, therefore passes through the rate of decay of the photoinduction delayed luminescence of measurement sensitive plant blade to the sensitivity difference of different pollutants, can monitor multiple pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of apparatus structure synoptic diagram among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is peanut leaf photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay curve under the effect of different pH value acid rains among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is soybean leaves SO under variable concentrations among the embodiment 2
2The change curve of photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay time under the effect of gas.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 has provided the structure principle chart of ecologic environment of the present invention and environmental pollution monitoring device.As seen from Figure 1, apparatus of the present invention specifically comprise excitation component 1, sample chamber 2, optical fiber receive module 3, analog to digital converter 4, computing machine 5, darkroom 6; Between light excitation component and the computing machine by electric 7 be connected, between optical fiber receive module and the analog to digital converter by electric 7 being connected, being connected by signal 8 between analog to digital converter and the computing machine.
Fig. 2 has provided the structural representation in the instantiation, and wherein optical fiber receive module is connected and composed by photographic lens 3-1 optical filter wheel 3-2 and the detector (ICCD3-3) of collecting light; Light excitation component, reception group and computing machine are electrically connected, and analog to digital converter is connected with computing machine signal successively; Three-dimensional adjustable sample stage 2-1 goes up and places blade 2-3 to be measured, places darkroom 6.Select for use each member to connect to form this device, wherein, it is visible excitation source that excitation source is selected wavelength coverage for use, selects 50W tungsten lamp 1 in this example for use.Photographic lens is selected the big numerical aperture camera lens 3-1 (50mm, f/1.2 type) of the Nikon company manufacturing that is applicable to that the low light level is taken for use; ICCD (576-S/1) 3-2 that detector selects for use U.S. Princeton Instruments company to make; The ST-130 type controller that analog to digital converter selects for use U.S. Princeton Instruments company to make; Computing machine is selected the Pentium III type microcomputer of Intel Company for use; Data processing software is selected WinView, ORIGIN software for use at this.During measurement, choosing is sprayed the variable concentrations Simulated Acid Rain and is acted on the peanut leaf of appropriate time, dark adatpation 10min in camera bellows, and (50W) excites 4s with tungsten lamp, postpones 10s (t
0=10s), ICCD writes down a width of cloth every 5s, writes down 8 width of cloth altogether.With WinView software statistics data, in ORIGIN software, obtain rate of decay constant τ with the exponential fitting data, with τ value and given value relatively, when τ=4.52, the p H value of corresponding simulating acid rain is 6.7; τ=5.21 o'clock, the p H value of corresponding simulating acid rain is 5.7; τ=5.64 o'clock, the pH value of corresponding simulating acid rain is 4.7 (accompanying drawings 3).
Said apparatus is applied to soybean leaves SO under variable concentrations
2Photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay curve under the effect of gas.Record τ=4.98 o'clock SO
2Concentration be 0.5ppm; τ=5.2 o'clock, SO
2Concentration is 1ppm, (accompanying drawing 4).
Claims (2)
1. the monitoring method of ecologic environment and environmental pollution is characterized in that comprising the steps:
---the last leaf of boot leaf of growing plant in the environment to be measured is placed the darkroom, dark adatpation 5～10min;
---with light intensity is that 2750～5500lux, wavelength coverage are the even irradiation blade of excited by visible light light source 0.2～20s of 400～760nm, and the inducer blade chloroplast produces the delayed luminescence of long period;
---postpone t after closing excitation source
0, utilize optical fiber receive module to receive this delayed luminescence signal, and convert thereof into electric signal from blade; t
0Be meant the time delay before beginning after exciting to measure;
---electric signal is converted to digital signal and imports computing machine by analog to digital converter;
---utilize data processing software that digital signal is carried out data processing, obtain the delayed luminescence intensity decay in time of blade;
---utilization index decay match die-away curve in data processing software obtains blade delayed luminescence rate of decay constant τ;
---with this photoinduction delayed luminescence rate of decay constant τ and comparison of given rate constant in time, obtain the pollution level of this environment.
2. realize the device of the monitoring method of described ecologic environment of claim 1 and environmental pollution, it is characterized in that device mainly comprises excited by visible light assembly, optical fiber receive module, analog to digital converter, computing machine, sample chamber, darkroom; Signal is connected between electrical connection between electrical connection between light excitation component and the computing machine, optical fiber receive module and the analog to digital converter, analog to digital converter and the computing machine; Described optical fiber receive module is by the photographic lens of collecting light, optical filter wheel, connect and compose with detector; Place blade to be measured on the sample stage of sample chamber, place in the darkroom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100270168A CN100397069C (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | Monitoring method and equipment for ecological environment and environmental pollution |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100270168A CN100397069C (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | Monitoring method and equipment for ecological environment and environmental pollution |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1570609A CN1570609A (en) | 2005-01-26 |
| CN100397069C true CN100397069C (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100270168A Expired - Fee Related CN100397069C (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | Monitoring method and equipment for ecological environment and environmental pollution |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5938655A (en) * | 1982-08-28 | 1984-03-02 | Shimadzu Corp | Plant physiology measuring instrument |
| JPS6444852A (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1989-02-17 | Takeshi Takaoki | Apparatus for measuring photosynthesis of leaf |
| CN1387034A (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2002-12-25 | 华南师范大学 | Method and device for quickly measuring photosynthesizing speed of delay light generated by visiblelight inducing |
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2004
- 2004-04-28 CN CNB2004100270168A patent/CN100397069C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5938655A (en) * | 1982-08-28 | 1984-03-02 | Shimadzu Corp | Plant physiology measuring instrument |
| JPS6444852A (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1989-02-17 | Takeshi Takaoki | Apparatus for measuring photosynthesis of leaf |
| CN1387034A (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2002-12-25 | 华南师范大学 | Method and device for quickly measuring photosynthesizing speed of delay light generated by visiblelight inducing |
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| CN1570609A (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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