CN100390407C - 风轮机的转子叶片 - Google Patents

风轮机的转子叶片 Download PDF

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CN100390407C
CN100390407C CNB038219042A CN03821904A CN100390407C CN 100390407 C CN100390407 C CN 100390407C CN B038219042 A CNB038219042 A CN B038219042A CN 03821904 A CN03821904 A CN 03821904A CN 100390407 C CN100390407 C CN 100390407C
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rotor blade
conductor structure
wind energy
suction surface
voltage
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CN1682032A (zh
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艾劳埃斯·乌本
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F03D1/0641—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades of the section profile of the blades, i.e. aerofoil profile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C2230/00—Boundary layer controls
    • B64C2230/12—Boundary layer controls by using electromagnetic tiles, fluid ionizers, static charges or plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7068—Application in combination with an electrical generator equipped with permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/10—Drag reduction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明设计一种转子叶片，特别是一种风力设备的转子叶片。本发明的目的在于提供一种方法，通过此方法，风力设备转子叶片的CR值(阻力系数)以及声功率的强度可以得到进一步的改善。公开了一种风力设备的转子叶片，其具有压力面以及吸力面，其中，在吸力面上提供了一个大致稳定、区域覆盖的静电场。

Description

风轮机的转子叶片
技术领域
本发明涉及一种转子叶片，具体地说，涉及一种风力设备的转子叶片。
背景技术
公知该类型的转子叶片具有许多种不同的形式。通常，以这样的一种方式努力地设计风力设备的转子叶片：在操作中，它们具有尽可能低的声功率，而且，它们的空气阻力值是如此地小，使得由转子叶片引起的风能损失非常地少。
为了减少声功率以及CR值(阻力系数)所采取的措施，通常包括改变或者改进适合于转子叶片的外形设计。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种方法，通过此方法，风力设备转子叶片的CR值(阻力系数)以及声功率的强度可以得到进一步的改善。
通过一种风力设备的转子叶片实现了本发明，该转子叶片具有压力面以及吸力面，其中，通过在位于所述转子叶片吸力面上的导体结构上施加范围在-2到-10千伏之间的电压而在吸力面上提供一个大致稳定、区域覆盖的静电场。
具体实施方式
本发明提出，至少在转子叶片的吸力面产生一个电场。优选地，电场是个静电场，其在转子叶片的顶侧具有例如-4千伏的电压。电场位于从转子叶片的前缘至后缘的区域内，至少30％的转子叶片位于转子叶片的端部区域，即离开转子叶片根部最远的区域。
优选地，在转子叶片的吸力面上提供一个网络状的导体结构以产生一个电场。网络状导体结构可以构成一个导体矩阵(例如由铜构成)，其中多个导体以网格的构形彼此并列及交叉地布置，且彼此之间的平行距离介于大约1毫米至10毫米之间，优选地为4毫米或者更小。
现在，令人惊奇地发现，施加一个电压介于-2千伏至-10千伏之间的电场，电压优选地为大约-4千伏，会导致转子叶片的功率Cp提高大约10％至15％。同时，本发明转子叶片声功率的强度减少了大约1dB(分贝)或者略小。
为了维持吸力面上的电场，必须提供一个电能，对于长度为20米左右的转子叶片，每个转子叶片的电能为大约5千瓦，而对于长度为32米左右的转子叶片，每个转子叶片的电能必须在15千瓦左右。
下文的图表显示了CR值与电场电压之间的关系以及功率系数(Cp)与电场电压Vd之间的关系。
Figure C0382190400041
  CR[％]   电压(Vd)[千伏]
  100   0
  90   -1.6
  80   -3.9
  70   -5.3
  60   -6.6
  50   -7.5
  40   -8.2
  30   -8.8
  20   -9.2
  10   -9.3
  0   -9.4
Figure C0382190400051
可以看到，功率系数Cp在电压分别为大致-4千伏和-3.9千伏时达到约为112的最大值，并且分别在电压小于-4千伏和大于-3.9千伏时再次降低。
可以在转子叶片的压力面施加一个相同方向或者相反方向的电场。
在转子叶片上施加电场包含在风力设备内的电压或电荷供应装置与转子叶片之间的电连接。优选地，可以在转子叶片根部或者毂上或者风力设备内设置有隔开所述电连接的装置，所述装置可以是开关的形式，其已经允许转子叶片的电隔开。也可以在电连接中设置多个开关。
优选地，在暴风雨来临时，中断电压(电荷)供应装置与转子叶片之间的电隔开。当探测到相应暴风雨的状态时，中断也可以自动地发生。可以在例如电压剧烈波动的基础上探测到暴风雨状态，因为风力设备剧烈的电压波动或者在风中剧烈的振幅是狂风的迹象，而狂风通常是暴风雨的先兆。然而也可以通过测量空气中的电压来预测即将来临的暴风雨。通常，当暴风雨即将来临时，电压通常会升高(降低)，从而可以作为该暴风雨的相对可靠的指征。
从而，通过在转子叶片与电压供应装置之间的电隔开关闭电场，达到了保护整个风力设备，尤其是转子叶片的目的。应该理解，也可以通过其它的已知装置来控制电压供应装置内的相应中断，所述已知装置可以探测到暴风雨的来临。

Claims (6)

1.一种风力设备，其具有至少一个转子叶片，所述转子叶片具有压力面以及吸力面，其中，通过在位于所述转子叶片吸力面上的导体结构上施加范围在-2到-10千伏之间的电压而在吸力面上提供一个大致稳定、区域覆盖的静电场。
2.如权利要求1所述的风力设备，其特征在于：
在转子叶片的吸力面上，所述静电场位于转子叶片前缘和转子叶片后缘之间的区域内。
3.如权利要求1所述的风力设备，其特征在于：所述导体结构是位于转子叶片的吸力面上的网络状导体结构，该导体结构形成一个矩阵，其中，相邻导体之间的距离介于1毫米至10毫米之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的风力设备，其特征在于：施加于所述导体结构的电压介于-3.9至-4千伏之间。
5.如权利要求1所述的风力设备，其特征在于：所述导体结构是位于转子叶片的吸力面上的网络状导体结构，该导体结构形成一个矩阵，其中，相邻导体之间的距离为4毫米或小于4毫米。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的风力设备，其特征在于：
所述施加的电压为直流电压，该直流电压通过直流电压供应装置施加于转子叶片的导体结构。
CNB038219042A 2002-09-21 2003-09-16 风轮机的转子叶片 Expired - Lifetime CN100390407C (zh)

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DE10244022.0 2002-09-21
DE10244022A DE10244022B4 (de) 2002-09-21 2002-09-21 Rotorblatt

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DE102006028167A1 (de) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-20 Daubner & Stommel Gbr Bau-Werk-Planung Verfahren zum Betreiben einer zumindest einen fluiddynamischen Auftriebskörper aufweisenden Vorrichtung, insbesondere einer Windenergieanlage
EP2190092A2 (en) 2008-11-19 2010-05-26 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Improved lightning protection system for wind turbines
DE102011014537B3 (de) * 2011-03-18 2012-05-31 Nordex Energy Gmbh Windenergieanlage mit einem Rotorblatt und einem Blitzableiter
JP5812476B2 (ja) * 2011-08-02 2015-11-11 学校法人 東洋大学 永久磁石回転電機及びその運転方法
IT202200000209A1 (it) * 2022-01-10 2023-07-10 Verme Massimo Sistema per la regolazione del flusso attorno ad un hydrofoil per mezzo della forza elettrostatica

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2102527A (en) * 1937-06-14 1937-12-14 Everett M Hadley Air resistance reducer
US3120363A (en) * 1958-09-11 1964-02-04 Electronatom Corp Flying apparatus
GB1106531A (en) * 1964-03-16 1968-03-20 Hawker Siddeley Aviation Ltd Improvements in or relating to the control of boundary layer conditions, at the surfaces of aerodynamic bodies, in particular over aircraft surfaces
GB2244252A (en) * 1990-05-22 1991-11-27 Philip Parry Reducing shock wave losses over aircraft surfaces
EP0947693A2 (de) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-06 Tacke Windenergie GmbH Rotorblatt für eine Windkraftanlage
US5964433A (en) * 1995-11-20 1999-10-12 The Trustees Of Princeton Univ. Staggered actuation of electromagnetic tiles for boundary layer control

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19614420C2 (de) * 1996-04-12 2003-05-22 Aloys Wobben Rotorblatt und Windenergieanlage mit einem Rotorblatt
DE19712034A1 (de) * 1997-03-21 1998-09-24 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Profilkante eines aerodynamischen Profils
DE19804308C2 (de) * 1997-09-30 2003-10-30 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Profil
DE19807477C2 (de) * 1997-09-30 2000-01-13 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Rotor
DE19743694C2 (de) * 1997-10-02 2001-11-15 Aloys Wobben Rotorblatt und Windenergieanlage mit einem Rotorblatt

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2102527A (en) * 1937-06-14 1937-12-14 Everett M Hadley Air resistance reducer
US3120363A (en) * 1958-09-11 1964-02-04 Electronatom Corp Flying apparatus
GB1106531A (en) * 1964-03-16 1968-03-20 Hawker Siddeley Aviation Ltd Improvements in or relating to the control of boundary layer conditions, at the surfaces of aerodynamic bodies, in particular over aircraft surfaces
GB2244252A (en) * 1990-05-22 1991-11-27 Philip Parry Reducing shock wave losses over aircraft surfaces
US5964433A (en) * 1995-11-20 1999-10-12 The Trustees Of Princeton Univ. Staggered actuation of electromagnetic tiles for boundary layer control
EP0947693A2 (de) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-06 Tacke Windenergie GmbH Rotorblatt für eine Windkraftanlage

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ES2460341T3 (es) 2014-05-13
CY1115015T1 (el) 2016-12-14
PT1546551E (pt) 2014-03-25
CA2498834C (en) 2008-04-15
AU2003266392A1 (en) 2004-04-19
BR0314291A (pt) 2005-07-26
AU2003266392B2 (en) 2007-08-30
US7311490B2 (en) 2007-12-25
DE10244022B4 (de) 2005-03-10
JP4208835B2 (ja) 2009-01-14
DE10244022A1 (de) 2004-04-01
EP1546551A1 (de) 2005-06-29
CA2498834A1 (en) 2004-04-08
WO2004029449A1 (de) 2004-04-08
US20050201865A1 (en) 2005-09-15
DK1546551T3 (en) 2014-03-24
KR20050057340A (ko) 2005-06-16
JP2005539176A (ja) 2005-12-22
CN1682032A (zh) 2005-10-12
EP1546551B1 (de) 2014-02-26
SI1546551T1 (sl) 2014-04-30
AR041325A1 (es) 2005-05-11
BR0314291B1 (pt) 2012-09-18
KR100669036B1 (ko) 2007-01-16
PL219028B1 (pl) 2015-03-31
PL374216A1 (en) 2005-10-03

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