CN100377870C - 包含一层纵向高韧性纱线的加强带 - Google Patents

包含一层纵向高韧性纱线的加强带 Download PDF

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CN100377870C
CN100377870C CNB2003101026481A CN200310102648A CN100377870C CN 100377870 C CN100377870 C CN 100377870C CN B2003101026481 A CNB2003101026481 A CN B2003101026481A CN 200310102648 A CN200310102648 A CN 200310102648A CN 100377870 C CN100377870 C CN 100377870C
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J·博东内尔
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Abstract

包含一层纵向以芳族聚酰胺、玻璃或者碳为基的高韧性纱线(3),该纵向纱线(3)被纬纱(4)束缚在一起,该加强带包括两个热塑性膜(5,6),每个膜设置在该高韧性纱线(3)的层(2)的一个侧面上。

Description

包含一层纵向高韧性纱线的加强带
技术领域
本发明涉及高性能纺织品领域,更精确地说涉及用作加强件的纺织加强物。更特别的涉及一种由高韧性纱线制作的加强带的新型结构,这些高韧性纱线用来围绕不同的结构卷绕以便增强它们。
本发明的目标是改进这种类型的加强带以便能够在这种加强带受到高的应力,即受到机械应力和从环境条件的观点看的影响两方面时保护这些加强带的几乎所有的韧性性能。
背景技术
总体上,很多结构必须被加强,因为它们处于特别高的机械应力的位置。例如,可以提到用在石油钻探领域中的柔韧的管子,这些管子在引导高压气体时必需要经受高的压力。该应力不仅是机械的而且还是热学的和化学的,因为所使用的材料必须对于正在传输的气体来说是惰性的并且在该材料用在水和/或者盐水介质中时不应该被降解。这就是所用的管子包括围绕该管子的中央部分螺旋卷绕的带子形的纺织加强物的原因。为了确保该管子可以良好地经受在管子中的内部压力,已经知道使用高韧性纱线为基础的带子,特别是用以芳族聚酰胺为基的纱线,玻璃纤维或者碳纤维为基础的带子。
可以特别地使用本申请人的文献EP0193478的教导生产这样的带子。这是因为这样的带子包括被松散的织造纬纱所束缚的纵向芳族聚酰胺纱线,使得该芳族聚酰胺纱线具有最小可能的皱缩缩并且因此为平的以便保持它们的机械性能。
由这样的高韧性纤维制成的带子具有多个问题,特别是由于这个带子与围绕它的元件相接触导致的机械性能的退化。因此通常使用多个不同的带子,它们一般沿不同方向彼此包围地被卷绕。在这个情况中,该芳族聚酰胺,玻璃或者碳纱线彼此接触并且因此彼此摩擦,特别是当该管子是柔韧的时候,因为不同的叠置的层具有在彼此上面滑动的趋势。这可能导致一些纱线的机械性能的退化,并且因此出现对该管子的整体性完全有害的脆弱的区域。
纵向芳族聚酰胺,玻璃或者碳纱线还可以与其它的被补充使用的加强元件摩擦接触。当然期望使用金属加强物,或者更广泛地说使用高硬度材料可能减少某些纤维从而至少局部地降低该带子的整体的粗糙度。此外可以发现该加强带覆盖有非渗透的材料,例如在现场被固化的树脂或者其它橡胶材料。在这种情况中,这样的材料至少部分地进入到该纤维的内部并且在固化之后,消除了任何一根纱线的纤维相对其它的纤维的滑动的可能性。这导致该带子的硬化限制了该带子的柔韧性并且甚至可能使该纵向纱线的韧性性能的退化。
这个缺点可以特别是在这样的带子中观察到,即该带子进行了保护它不受外部冲击的涂装热塑性塑料的步骤。
此外已知芳族聚酰胺纤维对紫外线非常敏感。这是因为该芳族聚酰胺纱线的被延长暴露于太阳光导致了该芳族聚酰胺纤维的化学结构的退化,因此不仅导致其颜色改变而且更重要的是导致了其机械强度性能退化。这就是为什么在其被传输时芳族聚酰胺带子的卷筒通常受不透明的包装所保护。然而这个保护仅仅在该带子在该包装内部时是有效的,并且一旦该带子被用来围绕管子更精确地说该带子的支架卷绕时,该带子暴露于紫外线的侵蚀。换句话说,由不透明的包装提供的保护并不完全令人满意,因为没有确保当该带子正好在最终的应用中安装时防止紫外线。
此外,可能发生该加强带的最终应用意味着该加强带保持暴露于紫外线辐射,并且因此该加强带的性能将在其被安装之后退化。可以特别的提到用于土木工程,特别是桥脚的作为加强件的这种带子的使用。在这种情况中该带子差不多浸渍在水中,公知这也会使芳族聚酰胺的机械性能退化。
本发明要解决的问题是保护建立在该纵向高韧性纱线上的加强带的机械性能,尽管被暴露于外部环境特别是潮气或者紫外线辐射仍然需要这样。另外一个问题是保护这样的带子在被安装时不受不同的摩擦接触。
发明内容
本发明因此涉及一种以公知方式包括一层纵向芳族聚酰胺为基,玻璃为基或者碳为基的高韧性纱线的加强带,其中该纱线被纬纱束缚在一起。
根据本发明这个带子的特征在于,它还包括两个热塑性膜,每个膜设置在该纵向纱线层的一个侧面上。
另一方面,本发明包括在该纵向纱线层的两个侧面覆盖一层热塑性塑料,因此使该纱线的内部纤维可以自由运动。这些热塑性塑料膜因此为该纱线提供不与外部接触的机械保护,并且没有将纤维束缚在一起,因此该带子可以进行充分的变形以便可以根据待加强的物品的几何形状构造,并且保持高的机械性能。当这些热塑性膜被叠置时这些热塑性膜因此插在不同带子的纱线层之间,从而防止纱线支架的直接接触并且因此保护它们不受一定数量的摩擦。
事实上,该热塑性膜可以略微粘合到该该热塑性膜所覆盖的层的侧面上,使得它们然后具有与该层的宽度相同的宽度。
在一可替换的实施例中,该两个热塑性膜可以沿该带子的边缘被粘合在一起,因此将该纱线层限制住。这些膜可能来自两个单独的沿该带子的两个边缘粘合在一起的片材,或者来自一在自身上折叠的沿该带子的仅仅一个边缘粘合的单一的片材。
实践中最好该纵向纱线层可以在两个膜构成的鞘内滑动。换句话说,该纱线层相对没有粘合到该层上而是相反允许纱线层略微移动的膜来说具有一定程度的自由度。在使得在该高韧性纱线上的应力相对分布地构造该移动或者在该层的应用上卷绕时,该层的移动的自由度允许该层移动,这样有利于保持机械性能。
在一应用在该芳族聚酰胺情况中的优选形式中,膜具有紫外线辐射的阻挡功能。因此,一旦该带子已经被生产出来,通过将该带子放置在该特性膜中,该芳族聚酰胺纤维就受到保护,直到对该待加强的制品的最终使用。
实践中最好该纵向纱线可以通过至少部分热塑性的纬纱被束缚在一起。这些纬纱可以热塑性塑料为基或者可以是具有芯和一热塑性涂层的纱线。还可以使用每个间距包括一个或者多个纬纱的纬纱方案。
因此对于纬纱和用于覆盖该层的膜两者可以有利地使用特别是在软化温度方面具有相似的性能的热塑性塑料,以便当安装该特性膜时,实施一加热操作,这样显示了该纬纱的热塑性塑料性能,因此将该膜固定在该纬纱上。
实践中,为了提供防止潮气的保护,还可以使用微孔膜,这些微孔膜具有呼吸特性,因此允许了除去在该膜构成的外部鞘中的潮气。
附图说明
实施本发明的方式和由此获得的优势将根据下面的实施例及附图而变得清楚,附图包括
-图1是根据本发明的带子的俯视图,其中该特性膜中的一个的一部分被除去;
-图2是图1中表示的带子的截面视图;和
-图3和4是优选实施例的截面视图。
具体实施方式
示出在图1中的带子1包括一用纬纱4松散织造的芳族聚酰胺纱线3的层2。这个层2在其侧面的每一侧上容纳一热塑性膜5,6。
在图1示出的实施例中,该两个膜5,6比该纱线3的层宽并且在彼此相对的区域侧向从该纱线3的层上延伸,该膜5,6将被粘合在一起。这些粘合区域7因此构成该带子的边缘8。
这样由两个膜5,6构成的鞘允许该纱线层2略微移动并且在这个带子用在不是平的支架上时容易使该纱线层3变形。
图3示出一优选实施例,其中该鞘由一单一的在其自身上折叠的膜10构成以便形成边缘11,该鞘在对应于构成膜10的片材的边缘的区域12中自身粘合。
本发明还涉及了图4示出的实施例,其中芳族聚酰胺纱线的层2在其每个侧面上容纳两个单独的膜15,16。这种情况下,在该两个膜15,16已经暴露于加热源之后,这两个膜15,16略微地粘合到芳族聚酰胺纱线的层上。
实践中,该层2的纱线3是芳族聚酰胺为基础的并且因此可以特别选自杜邦的商标为KEVLAR或者Teijin的TWARON出售的产品。每个纱线可以优选为多根缆线,其单位线性密度根据使用的功能为1670dtex-3300dtex。该纱线还可以具有约60捻回/米的沿S和Z向的加捻。当然根数和每根纱线的线性密度和其粘度可以根据期望的应用而调整。
实践中,当使用多个层时可以得到好的效果,其中该多个层的纱线,可能的多个长丝的纱线有很多,约每厘米10根并且宽度可以为约5-20厘米。
如上述,芳族聚酰胺纱线的层2是松散织造的,即使得经纱尽可能的平,因此具有特别低的皱缩。这种织造也称作“高模数织造”,因此意味着该纬纱的皱缩相对高。该纬纱因此相对间隔,一般间隔大约1-3根纱线/厘米。
用于形成纬纱4的纱线最好具有热塑性性能。例如它可以是聚酯纱线,一般其线性密度为4.9-110tex。也可以是具有芯的纱线,该芯不是热塑性的,例如是以玻璃纤维为基础的纱线,其线性密度为5.5-68tex,具有一热塑性的例如以聚酰胺为基础的鞘。
通过使用以聚酯为基础的厚度为20-50微米的膜5,6获得了较好的结果。这个聚酯膜的优势是热塑性的,但是本发明还涉及其它的膜具有特别的性能的变型。例如可以使用多层复合膜,该复合膜具有一摩擦系数低的涂层,例如聚四氟乙烯涂层。还可以使用具有呼吸性能的膜,该膜被选择来允许水蒸气从该鞘的内部到外面,而当浸渍该鞘时防止水渗入到该鞘的内部。还可以使用具有使该膜对于某些类型的辐射特别是紫外线辐射不透明的填充物的膜,紫外线辐射公知导致该芳族聚酰胺的机械性能退化。
实践中,这样获得的带子的强度为几十kN/cm宽度,该有用的宽度仅仅在芳族聚酰胺纱线的层上测量。
实践中,本发明的带子可以通过在一层芳族聚酰胺纱线上安装该特性膜来获得,然而一般来说最好该特性膜在织造操作之后直接安装。因此当该层2从织机上下来,在其顶部和底部侧上容纳可以被分别加热的膜5和6,该膜5和6特别是暴露于来自一加热源的辐射。这个加热增加了该膜5,6的温度并且略微熔化了其与该芳族聚酰胺层2接触的表面,从而导致粘合。
这个暴露于加热源不仅导致略微熔化该特性膜,而且还导致熔化连接该芳族聚酰胺纱线3的纬纱4。这些纬纱因此粘合到该芳族聚酰胺纱线,从而改善该层的整体性,尽管纬纱的数目特别小。
这个操作方法特别用于生产图4示出的带子。层4和膜15,16的组合然后可以受到一略微的压力,使得该粘合均匀。这个压力可以通过轧制获得,但是当在芯轴上卷绕该带子时,这个压力还可以来自内在的压力。
为了生产图1和2示出的带子1,膜5和6也可以被放置在该纱线层4的上面和下面,并且可选择地被加热。它们然后通过沿它们的边缘设置的加热辊接纳用于生产粘合的区域7的热量。
当然,本发明不仅限于附图标记指出的和附图中表示的实施例,而是涉及许多根据应用选择的可替换的实施例,特别当该高韧性纱线是玻璃或者碳纱线时。
从上述该本发明的带子清楚地具有许多优势,特别是允许该芳族聚酰胺纱线受保护而不受紫外线辐射和其它外部因素特别是潮气影响。还提供了对该高韧性纤维的机械保护以防止与其它机械元件接触而产生的摩擦,特别是当卷绕带子时与带子本身的摩擦。提供的这种保护没有降低使用的纱线的机械性能。

Claims (7)

1.一种包括纵向芳族聚酰胺为基础的,玻璃为基础的或者碳为基础的高韧性纱线(3)的层(2)的加强带(1),该纱线(3)被纬纱(4)束缚在一起,该带子包括两个热塑性膜(5,6),每个膜(5,6)设置在该高韧性纱线(3)的层(2)的一个侧面上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加强带(1),其中每个热塑性膜(15,16)粘合到该层(2)的一个侧面上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加强带(1),其中两个热塑性膜(5,6)沿该带(1)的边缘(8)被粘合在一起。
4.根据权利要求3所述的加强带(1),其中纵向纱线的层可以在由两个热塑性膜(5,6)构成的鞘的内部滑动。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加强带(1),其中每个膜(5,6,10;15,16)具有紫外线辐射阻挡的性能。
6.根据权利要求2所述的加强带(1),其中通过至少部分热塑性的纬纱将该纵向纱线束缚在一起。
7.根据权利要求6所述的加强带(1),其中该纬纱的热塑性塑料和覆盖该层(2)的膜的材料是类似的。
CNB2003101026481A 2002-10-29 2003-10-28 包含一层纵向高韧性纱线的加强带 Expired - Fee Related CN100377870C (zh)

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