CN100369357C - Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor - Google Patents
Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN100369357C CN100369357C CNB2005101120904A CN200510112090A CN100369357C CN 100369357 C CN100369357 C CN 100369357C CN B2005101120904 A CNB2005101120904 A CN B2005101120904A CN 200510112090 A CN200510112090 A CN 200510112090A CN 100369357 C CN100369357 C CN 100369357C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a bypass type mixed excitation motor, which comprises a casing, two end covers, two sets of DC excitation windings, a stator and a rotor, wherein the surface magnetic pole of the rotor is formed by the staggered arrangement of permanent magnet poles and ferromagnetic rotor magnetic poles; the two sets of DC excitation windings are respectively arranged in the left and the ring end covers; the casing and the end covers are manufactured by magnetism conductive materials, and a rotating shaft is manufactured by non-magnetism conductive materials. Adopting a magnetic flux bypass method to regulate gap flux, the present invention can change the size of the induction electric potential and can avoid the harm of magnetic steel demagnetization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, particularly a kind of mixed excitation electric machine that utilizes any magnetic flux shunts method to control air-gap field.
Background technology:
China's rare earth resources is abundant, and the Application and Development permanent-magnetic energy-saving electric machine has great strategic importance.Tenth Five-Year Plan Period, permanent magnetism wind power generator system and used for electric vehicle magneto drive system are listed country's 863 great plans in and have been obtained fast development; At present, wind power generation and hybrid vehicle have become one of focus of people's concern.In the process of research wind power generation and full electricity or Hybrid Vehicle wide range speed control magneto drive system and permanent-magnet electric generator system magnetic field control technology, impel the researcher deeply to think deeply and magnetic field control technology and the composite excitation structure of exploring magneto, make the Design of PM Motor theory constantly produce new change and innovation, cause the revolution of permanent magnet motor structure, mechanism, design, performance and manufacturing technology aspect, formed new ideas magneto family gradually.The magneto advantage is a lot, but the excitation regulation difficulty.General ipm motor adopts vector control technology, weakens magnetic flux by increasing stator current d-axis degaussing component, reaches the purpose that changes coil-induced electromotive force.But along with the continuous increase of d-axis demagnetizing current, the danger of irreversible demagnetization can take place in permanent magnetic material, has reduced the reliability of motor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can regulate motor gas-gap magnetic field simply, flexibly, economically, change coil-induced electromotive force, and can avoid permanent magnet to produce the bypass mixed excitation electrical motor of irreversible degaussing.
In order to achieve the above object, design of the present invention is: adopt the method for any magnetic flux shunts to regulate the size that air-gap flux both can change induced potential, can avoid the harm to the magnet steel degaussing again.Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor is a principle of walking the magnetic resistance minimal path according to magnetic flux, by regulating the size and Orientation of DC excitation electric current, controls the value of bypass magnetic flux, to reach the purpose of control main flux size.So bypass mixed excitation electrical motor can provide constant voltage source in the variable speed generation application scenario; That can realize ideal in the electronic application scenario of speed change, broader constant-power speed regulation scope than general magneto.
According to the foregoing invention design, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of bypass mixed excitation electrical motor, comprise housing, about two end caps, two cover DC excitation windings, the stator that constitutes by stator core and armature winding and the rotor that constitutes by the magnetic pole that is fixed in rotor core in the rotating shaft and rotor core surface, it is characterized in that:
(1) described rotor surface magnetic pole adopts permanent-magnet pole and the ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole formation that is staggered, and all permanent-magnet poles have identical polarity;
(2) have two cover DC excitation windings be placed in respectively described about in two end caps, the direct current size equidirectional that two cover DC excitation windings are connected is opposite;
(3) described housing and about two end caps make by permeability magnetic material, rotating shaft is made by nonferromugnetic material;
(4) there is the flange that has two-way sidewall two end cap inboards about described, form minimum clearance between this flange inner wall and the described rotor core, and the lateral wall of this flange and about the annular groove that forms between two end cap inwalls be embedded in described DC excitation winding.
The number of the permanent-magnet pole of above-mentioned rotor and ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole equals the number of pole-pairs of motor.
The flange inner that has two-way sidewall of two end cap inboards and the minimum clearance between the rotor core are less than air gap length between the stator and rotor about above-mentioned.
Its principle is as follows: the minimum clearance E between end cap and the rotor (abbreviation interstice) specifically sees Fig. 1 less than motor gas-gap length.Because the ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole is more much smaller than the magnetic resistance of permanent-magnet pole, walk the principle of magnetic resistance minimal path according to magnetic flux, the magnetic flux that the DC excitation electric current produces mainly passes through ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole, air gap, stator core, housing, end cap, interstice, rotor core constitute the loop, and the magnetic circuit direction is determined by the exciting current direction.And the concrete path of permanent magnetic circuit is also controlled by changing DC excitation size of current and direction, can pass through permanent magnet, air gap, stator core, air gap, ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole and rotor core and constitute the loop; Also can pass through permanent magnet, air gap, stator core, housing, end cap, interstice, rotor core formation loop, promptly permanent magnet flux does not pass through the ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole, but through housing, the certain magnetic flux of end cap bypass.Like this, no matter how the DC excitation electric current changes, the air gap flux density of permanent-magnet pole correspondence remains unchanged substantially, the air gap flux density of ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole correspondence is then determined jointly by DC excitation magnetic flux and permanent magnet flux, so, change the size and Orientation of DC excitation electric current, amplitude and the direction that can regulate the air gap flux density of ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole correspondence.
Because two effective edges of armature winding lay respectively at adjacent permanent-magnet pole and the pairing position of ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole, after the close change of ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole magnetic, coil-induced electromotive force also changes thereupon.
The present invention compared with prior art has following conspicuous outstanding substantive distinguishing features and advantage:
1. because the air-gap flux of ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole correspondence is two-way controlled, the adjustable extent of induced potential is wide.
2. need not friendship, direct-axis current component are controlled, control strategy is simple.
3. because the DC excitation magnetic flux constitutes the loop by ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole, air gap, stator core, housing, end cap, interstice and rotor core, can not produce the harm of irreversible degaussing to permanent magnet.
4. the DC excitation winding is placed in respectively in the end cap of the left and right sides, need not brush, motor reliability height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is bypass mixed excitation electrical motor structural representation (picture in picture (a) is the axial section of bypass mixed excitation electrical motor, and figure (b) is bypass mixed excitation electrical motor rotor cross-section figure).
Fig. 2 is a DC excitation magnetic circuit schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is permanent magnetic circuit schematic diagram (picture in picture (c) is a cross sectional representation, and figure (d) is the axial section schematic diagram).
Fig. 4 is the induced potential schematic diagram (figure among the figure (e), figure (f) and figure (g) illustrate different exciting and induced potential schematic diagram thereof respectively) of the next coil of different exciting situation.
Specific implementation method
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments bypass mixed excitation electrical motor of the present invention is described in further detail:
1) for guaranteeing effective control in DC excitation magnetic field, in making, motor must guarantee interstice less than the gas length between the motor stator and rotor, and the smaller the better.In embodiments of the present invention: end cap 2 inboards are processed into have two-way side wall ledge 10 shapes, flange 10 1 sides just in time with the interior circle coupling of rotor, guarantee that interstice is as far as possible little, even motor has vertical string moving, can not influence magnetic flux path yet, flange 10 opposite sides are used for fixing DC excitation winding 3,11, specifically see Fig. 1.
2) since interstice less than gas length between the motor stator and rotor, and each permanent-magnet pole 6 polarity is all identical, walk the principle of magnetic resistance minimal path according to magnetic circuit, under the situation that does not have the DC excitation electric current, the magnetic flux path that permanent-magnet pole 6 produces is: permanent magnet 6 → air gap → stator core 8 → housing 9 → end cap 2 → interstice → rotor core 4 constitutes the loop, and is concrete shown in Fig. 3 (d).This moment, the air gap flux density of ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole 5 correspondences was zero substantially, and coil-induced electromotive force equals the induced potential of an effective edge, shown in Fig. 4 (e).
3) polarity of supposing permanent magnet is the N utmost point, and magnetic flux enters stator from rotor by air gap.Pass to the electric current (two cover DC excitation winding current size equidirectionals are opposite) of certain direction when the DC excitation winding, make the DC excitation magnetic flux path be: ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole 5 comes out → air gap → stator core 8 → housing 9 → end cap 2 → interstice → rotor core 4 formation loops, specifically as shown in Figure 2; Permanent magnetic circuit is with above-mentioned 2) situation.At this moment, identical in the adjacent a pair of direction of DC excitation magnetic flux and permanent magnet flux of extremely descending, two induced potential differential concatenations that effective edge produced of coil, cancel out each other, the synthetic induced potential of coil reduces, reached conventional motor and reduced the purpose of winding induced potential by weak magnetic, concrete shown in Fig. 4 (f).
4) if change above-mentioned 3) the DC excitation sense of current, the same Fig. 2 in the path of DC excitation magnetic flux, but direction is opposite.Because the DC excitation magnetic potential is opposite with the permanent magnetic potential direction, permanent magnet flux can only pass through permanent magnet 6 → air gap → stator core 8 → air gap → ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole 5 → rotor core 4 and constitute the loop, shown in Fig. 3 (c).At this moment, opposite in the adjacent direction of extremely descending DC excitation magnetic flux and permanent magnet flux, the series connection of two of the coils induced potential forward that effective edge produced, the numerical value addition, make the synthetic induced potential of coil increase, having reached conventional motor increases the purpose of coil-induced electromotive force by magnetic assist, concrete shown in Fig. 4 (g).In addition, because end cap 2 and housing 9 are parts of magnetic circuit, and the close maximum of magnetic on end cap 2 and the housing 9 degaussing the time, thereby the magnetic close situation of the wall thickness of end cap 2 and housing 9 must be with degaussing the time designs.
Claims (3)
1. bypass mixed excitation electrical motor, comprise housing (9), about two end caps (2), two cover DC excitation windings (3,11), the stator that constitutes by stator core (8) and armature winding (7) and by the rotor of the magnetic pole formation that is fixed in rotor core (4) in the rotating shaft (1) and rotor core surface, it is characterized in that:
(1) described rotor surface magnetic pole adopts permanent-magnet pole (6) and ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole (5) formation that is staggered, and all permanent-magnet poles (6) have identical polarity;
(2) have two cover DC excitation windings (3,11) be placed in respectively described about in two end caps (2), the direct current size equidirectional that two cover DC excitation windings (3,11) are connected is opposite;
(3) described housing (9) and about two end caps (2) make by permeability magnetic material, rotating shaft (1) is made by non-magnet material;
(4) there is the flange (10) that has two-way sidewall two end caps (2) inboard about described, form minimum clearance between madial wall of this flange (10) and the described rotor core (4), and the lateral wall of this flange (10) and about the annular groove that forms between two end caps (2) inwall be embedded in described DC excitation winding (3,11).
2. bypass mixed excitation electrical motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that the number of the permanent-magnet pole (6) of described rotor and ferromagnetism rotor magnetic pole (5) equals the number of pole-pairs of motor.
3. bypass mixed excitation electrical motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described about the inboard flange inner that has two-way sidewall of two end caps (2) and the minimum clearance between the rotor core (4) less than air gap length between the stator and rotor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101120904A CN100369357C (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101120904A CN100369357C (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1808845A CN1808845A (en) | 2006-07-26 |
| CN100369357C true CN100369357C (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005101120904A Expired - Fee Related CN100369357C (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101874338B (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2012-10-31 | 有限公司日库技术研究所 | Flux shunt control rotary electric machine system |
| CN102315739B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hybrid excitation generator |
| JP6019876B2 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2016-11-02 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Rotating electric machine |
| CN109428414A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-05 | 上海电驱动股份有限公司 | A kind of by-pass shunt formula permanent magnet |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1263373A (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2000-08-16 | 广东工业大学 | New type composite excitation brushless direct-current machine |
| CN2506017Y (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-08-14 | 胡元德 | Mixed magnetic path motor having independent magnetic return circuit |
| CN2655505Y (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2004-11-10 | 湖南大学 | Composite excitation rare-earth permanent magnetic synchronous generator |
| US6900570B2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2005-05-31 | Ecoair Corp. | Field controlled permanent magnet brushless electric machine |
| US6972504B1 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2005-12-06 | Ut-Battelle Llc | Permanent magnet machine and method with reluctance poles for high strength undiffused brushless operation |
| CN1710788A (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2005-12-21 | 泰豪科技股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet voltage-regulation brushless motor |
-
2005
- 2005-12-27 CN CNB2005101120904A patent/CN100369357C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6900570B2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2005-05-31 | Ecoair Corp. | Field controlled permanent magnet brushless electric machine |
| CN1263373A (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2000-08-16 | 广东工业大学 | New type composite excitation brushless direct-current machine |
| CN2506017Y (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-08-14 | 胡元德 | Mixed magnetic path motor having independent magnetic return circuit |
| CN2655505Y (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2004-11-10 | 湖南大学 | Composite excitation rare-earth permanent magnetic synchronous generator |
| US6972504B1 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2005-12-06 | Ut-Battelle Llc | Permanent magnet machine and method with reluctance poles for high strength undiffused brushless operation |
| CN1710788A (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2005-12-21 | 泰豪科技股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet voltage-regulation brushless motor |
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| CN1808845A (en) | 2006-07-26 |
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Assignee: Zhejiang Jiaxue Special Minitype Motors Group Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shanghai University Contract record no.: 2011330000752 Denomination of invention: Bypass mixed excitation electrical motor Granted publication date: 20080213 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20060726 Record date: 20110616 |
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Granted publication date: 20080213 Termination date: 20151227 |
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