CN109217597A - Compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine - Google Patents

Compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109217597A
CN109217597A CN201811226332.6A CN201811226332A CN109217597A CN 109217597 A CN109217597 A CN 109217597A CN 201811226332 A CN201811226332 A CN 201811226332A CN 109217597 A CN109217597 A CN 109217597A
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magnetic
stator core
electrical excitation
region
rotor
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CN109217597B (en
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佟文明
吴胜男
王帅
荆明
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Shenyang University of Technology
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Shenyang University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04Machines with one rotor and two stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2793Rotors axially facing stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/12Transversal flux machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine, including two amorphous alloy stators and a rotor being placed among two stators;The stator core of stationary part is radially divided into three parts, respectively permanent magnetic region stator core, every magnetic area and the stator core of electrical excitation region;Permanent magnetic region armature winding is arranged in the stator core of permanent magnetic region;Electrical excitation region armature winding is arranged in the stator core of electrical excitation region;Permanent magnet and magnetic pole iron are embedded on the rotor field spider of rotor portion, it is axial corresponding with the stator core of electrical excitation region and permanent magnetic region stator core respectively.Have the advantages that be simple to manufacture, be lost that small, power density is high, weak magnetism speed expansion range is wide.

Description

Compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine
Technical field
The invention belongs to axial-flux electric machine fields, relate generally to a kind of compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine.
Background technique
Amorphous alloy strips have excellent magnetism, corrosion resistance, wearability, high-strength as a kind of novel soft magnetic materials Characteristics, the thickness such as degree, high rigidity and high resistivity only have 0.025mm.Compared with traditional silicon steel sheet, amorphous alloy is especially in height Frequency range has very small core loss, therefore amorphous alloy strips are highly suitable for high-speed high frequency motor.Traditional amorphous closes What golden axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor used is all the permanent-magnet structure of double rotor single stator, the rotor surface of this structure Permanent magnet is posted, stator both sides are cased with armature winding, have the advantages that power density is high, torque density is big and high-efficient etc. in the majority. But due to the inherent characteristic of permanent-magnet material, air-gap field keeps permanent substantially in amorphous alloy axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor It is fixed, and the axial-flux electric machine of traditional permanent-magnet structure generally mostly uses surface-mount type field structure, the air gap of this structure is big, electric It is of substantially equal to feel small, ac-dc axis inductance, so that there is adjustment of field excitation is difficult, weak-magnetic speed-regulating range is narrow, permanent magnet is easy The problems in the majority such as demagnetization have become a bottleneck for restricting motor development.So that amorphous alloy axial flux permanent magnet is same The application of step motor has received very big constraint.
In order to pursue the effect that high power torque density, high efficiency and the magnetic field of motor can control, many researchers The variety classes topological structure using composite excitation form is proposed to solve traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic field and be difficult to adjust, no The problems such as conducive to weak magnetism speed expansion, but still have the defects that different degrees of:
(1) Chinese patent CN201310301385.0 propose a kind of bimorph transducer disc type mixed excitation electric machine include two stators, Armature winding, single-phase central excitation winding and rotor in permanent magnet, three-phase set.Stator is coaxial with the rotor installation, and rotor is put in two Between a stator.Permanent magnet, armature winding and electrical excitation winding are all located at stator, not only without permanent magnet but also without winding, knot on rotor Structure is simple.The permanent magnetic field that the electricity excitation magnetic field and permanent magnet that air-gap field is generated by electrical excitation winding generate collectively forms, and leads to It crosses and changes the adjusting that electrical excitation electric current realizes air-gap field.Remained in structure disc type flux switch permanent magnet motor it is compact, it is simple, The characteristics of suitable for high-speed cruising, can realize composite excitation function without additionally increasing motor volume, ensure that structure electricity Machine has stronger torque output capability and higher power density.But its permanent magnet is located at stator, assembled stator iron core The difficulty of technique and assembly is increased, and electrical excitation magnetic circuit increases the copper loss of excitation winding through permanent magnet.
(2) Chinese patent CN201310203116.0 proposes a kind of magnetic suspension shaft supporting disc type mixed excitation bisalient-pole wind-force hair Motor, for structure existing for existing magnetic suspending wind turbine generator system is excessively complicated, energy consumption is high for itself, is not suitable for medium and small wind The problems such as machine.The technical solution taken include rotor, two generator unit stators, two permanent-magnetic clamps, three magnetic suspension bearing stators, Fan blade and armature spindle;Magnetic suspension bearing control winding is wound on the magnetic suspension bearing stator;Fan blade is mounted in one end of armature spindle, Rotor is mounted in the other end of armature spindle, fan blade and rotor and armature spindle rotates synchronously;Two permanent-magnetic clamps respectively with two generators Stator is connected and is connected simultaneously with magnetic suspension bearing stator;Permanent-magnetic clamp is embedded between magnetic suspension bearing stator and generator unit stator;Magnetic Suspension bearing stator is evenly distributed on the periphery of rotor and the periphery of rotor and extend into magnetic suspension bearing stator;The magnetcisuspension There are air gaps between floating bearing stator and two planes of rotor.
(3) Chinese patent CN201610317337.4 proposes a kind of composite excitation axial magnetic flux modulation system composite structure motor, Purpose is to solve the problems, such as that existing mixed excitation electric machine output torque is small.The shaft sequentially pass through permanent magnetism external stator, No.1 adjustable magnetic ring, inner stator, No. two adjustable magnetic rings and electrical excitation external stator, and permanent magnetism external stator, inner stator and electrical excitation external stator It is rotatablely connected by bearing and shaft, adjustable magnetic rotor is fixedly connected with shaft, between permanent magnetism external stator and No.1 adjustable magnetic ring, Between No.1 adjustable magnetic ring and inner stator, between inner stator and No. two adjustable magnetic rings and No. two adjustable magnetic rings and electrical excitation external stator it Between there are gaps;Permanent magnet is magnetized using 90 ° of modes of magnetizing of Halbach structure;No.1 adjustable magnetic ring and No. two adjustable magnetic rings By adjustable magnetic iron block and epoxy resin non-magnet material is circumferentially spaced rearranges.Its single structure is complex, and Halbach structure increases the difficulty in manufacture craft.
(4) Chinese patent CN201210197633.7 proposes a kind of composite excitation axial magnetic field dial switch magnetic resistance electricity Machine, including stator disc and rotor disk, stator disc include several stator yoke disks, stator poles, and rotor disk includes rotor yoke disk, rotor Pole, rotor pole are uniformly distributed on rotor yoke disk, and stator poles are uniformly distributed at the circumference of stator yoke disk, are set in each stator poles There is a stator coil, connection composition polyphase windings, are equipped with notch between two adjacent stator poles between stator coil, Permanent magnet is equipped at notch, permanent magnet is located at the top outside stator coil, and the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is tangential, each stator The permanent magnet magnetizing direction on pole both sides on the contrary, the stator poles set there are six, there are four the rotor pole is set;With motor operation It is high-efficient, motor oscillating and the advantage that noise is low and the power density and torque density of motor are high.But its permanent magnet is located at Stator, increases the difficulty of stator production, and reduces the intensity of stator.
(5) Chinese patent CN200310109497.2 proposes a kind of magnetic field controllable permanent magnetic disk type motor, stator module master It to be made of internal stator iron core, external stator iron core, left armature coil, right armature coil and direct-flow magnet exciting coil, wherein left and right Armature coil is embedded in the arranged on left and right sides of inside and outside stator core respectively, and direct-flow magnet exciting coil is placed in internal stator iron core and external stator Between iron core;Rotor assembly has left and right two rotor assembly, the position on left (right side) rotor assembly relative to external stator iron core It is spaced the pole span insertion pole permanent magnet N (pole S), meanwhile, one pole span insertion of location interval relative to internal stator iron core is forever The pole magnet S (pole N), the pole permanent magnet N and the pole S are staggered a pole span.But permanent magnet is passed through in the motor DC magnetic excitation circuit part, The magnetic resistance of magnetic excitation circuit is increased, excitation copper loss is larger.
(6) Chinese patent CN201310418173.0 proposes a kind of stator partition type axial magnetic flux switching type mixed excitation Synchronous motor, including stator and rotor, stator are spliced into the concentric circles of two windings by inside and outside two layers " H " type unit stator core Ring, magnetism-isolating loop separate two concentric loops, and armature winding uses concentratred winding, and armature winding is wrapped in two adjacent " H " types On the stator tooth of unit stator core, permanent magnet distributes alternately among adjacent " H " type unit stator core at the pole N, S;Permanent magnetism Body and stator slot are all made of rectangle structure;Excitation bracket is located at right above permanent magnet, is separated by magnetism-isolating loop, and excitation winding is axial It is wrapped on excitation bracket, rotor uses tray type structure, is uniformly fixed on turning for its surface including rotor rim and at radial Sub- pole, stator are connected with rotor coaxial.Stator is divided by inside and outside two parts using magnetism-isolating loop, makes electrical excitation magnetic circuit and permanent magnet Magnetic path parallel connection, the two flux coupled are reduced, and substantially increase permanent magnet utilization rate, electric efficiency is improved significantly.But it is fixed Flux interaction is generated by armature winding, electrical excitation winding, permanent magnet simultaneously at sub- teeth portion, easily reaches saturation state, reduces motor Adjustable magnetic ability.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: air-gap field is held essentially constant in axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, and air gap is larger, every phase string It is smaller to join the number of turns, is unfavorable for weak magnetism speed expansion.In order to realize axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor air-gap field simple and flexible, Cost-effective adjusting, so as to improve electric machine speed regulation and driveability, avoids the occurrence of permanent magnet and irreversible demagnetization occurs with control, Thus a kind of compound amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine is introduced.
Technical solution:
A kind of combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine, including two amorphous alloy stators and one are placed in two stators Between rotor;
The stator core of stationary part is radially divided into three parts, respectively permanent magnetic region stator core, encourage every magnetic area and electricity Magnetic area stator core;
Permanent magnetic region armature winding is arranged in the stator core of permanent magnetic region;Electrical excitation region armature winding is arranged in electrical excitation area In the stator core of domain;
On the rotor field spider of rotor portion be embedded with permanent magnet and magnetic pole iron, respectively with the stator core of electrical excitation region and permanent magnetic region Stator core is axially corresponding.
The combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine, preferably: the electrical excitation region stator core is opened There is 6*n open slot, constitutes dentalation;The rotor magnetic pole iron number of poles is 5*n, and the rotor permanent magnet number of poles is 10*n; Electrical excitation region armature winding is wrapped on the tooth of electrical excitation region stator core.
The combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine, preferably: the permanent magnet and magnetic property are good Magnetic pole iron is embedded in non-magnetic stainless steel rotor field spider.
The combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine, preferably: electrical excitation region stator groove depth is greater than permanent magnetism Region stator groove depth disposes electrical excitation winding in slot at yoke portion.
Advantage and effect:
The present invention is a kind of compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine, is had the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine proposed by the present invention changes the polarity and size of DC excitation electric current, It realizes the adjusting to air gap total magnetic field with can be convenient, there is good rotational speed regulation and constant pressure generating capacity.
(2) magnetic flux path that electro-magnetic flux path proposed by the present invention generates magnetic flux with permanent magnet is in parallel, and direct current is encouraged The raw magnetomotive force of magnetoelectricity miscarriage is not superimposed on permanent magnet, avoids the permanent magnet that may be present when being passed through larger exciting current Demagnetization problem improves the reliability of motor operation.
(3) present invention proposes that electro-magnetic flux path is made of stator core, air gap, magnetic pole iron, reaches saturation in iron core Preceding magnetic circuit reluctance is very low, and can be passed through less excitation winding electric current can reach higher adjustable magnetic level.
(4) proposed by the present invention every magnetic area, the leakage field feelings between permanent magnetic circuit and electrical excitation magnetic circuit can be efficiently reduced Condition.
(5) stator structure proposed by the present invention is simple, easy to process, reduces amorphous alloy core performance and is processed The influence of technique.
(6) present invention proposes compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine, and electrical excitation winding is located at stator, rotor knot Structure is relatively easy, ensure that the intensity and reliability of rotor structure.
(7) present invention proposes compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine, appropriate to adjust electrical excitation region and permanent magnetism area Domain proportion, can be because of the demand to different occasions to speed adjustable range.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the dismantling schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Description of symbols:
1 permanent magnetic region armature winding;2 electrical excitation region armature winding;3 electrical excitation windings;4 rotor field spiders;5 permanent magnets;6 and iron Magnetic pole;7 combined-stator iron cores;8 permanent magnetic region stators;9 every magnetic area;10 electrical excitation region stators.
Specific embodiment:
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings:
The present invention provides a kind of compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine, and as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including combined type amorphous closes Golden stator core, permanent magnetic region armature winding, electrical excitation region armature winding, electrical excitation winding, rotor field spider, permanent magnet and iron Magnetic pole;It is characterized by: combined-stator iron core is radially divided into three parts, be followed successively by from inside to outside permanent magnetic region stator, every Magnetic area, electrical excitation region stator;Armature winding is located in permanent magnetic region and electrical excitation region stator slot, permanent magnet with Magnetic pole iron is corresponding with stator core, axial direction respectively;The electrical excitation region stator core is provided with 6*n open slot, and n is positive whole Number, there are 5*n magnetic pole irons in axial corresponding rotor therewith;There are 10*n permanent magnets in the permanent magnetic region rotor; The electrical excitation winding is wound on the stator tooth of electrical excitation region.Motor is radially by permanent magnetic region, every magnetic area, electrical excitation Region three parts composition.Electrical excitation region number of stator slots is 6*n, and rotor magnetic pole iron number of poles is 5*n, permanent magnetic region rotor permanent magnet Number of poles is 10*n.Rotor is that permanent magnet rotor and reluctance type rotor combine, permanent magnet and the good magnetic pole iron of magnetic property In non-magnetic stainless steel rotor field spider.
The amorphous alloy core manufacturing method is as follows:
According to required amorphous alloy core size, amorphous alloy strips are wound on mold and shaping solidifies, are respectively obtained Stator core yoke portion and teeth portion are cut to size stator teeth and are fixed in stator yoke using grinding tool.The electrical excitation around Group is in electrical excitation region with armature winding along axial arranged side by side.When permanent magnetic region, number of stator slots removes 10*m, permanent magnetic region stator and The armature winding wound on the stator tooth of electrical excitation region is same coil.Electrical excitation region stator groove depth is greater than permanent magnetic region stator Groove depth disposes electrical excitation winding in slot at yoke portion.
The course of work of the invention is as follows:
Compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine proposed by the present invention, armature winding are passed through AC power source, electrical excitation Winding is passed through DC excitation winding, when be passed through increase magnetoelectricity stream when, electrical excitation region armature winding magnetic linkage and permanent magnetic region armature around Group magnetic linkage phase is identical, identical increasing magnetic in direction or so, and when being passed through demagnetizing current, the two magnetic linkage polarity is made on the contrary, playing degaussing With.Therefore, compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial magnetic flux has the advantages that high weak magnetism speed expansion range.
Conclusion: compound rectifier excitation amorphous alloy axial-flux electric machine of the present invention has and is simple to manufacture, small, function is lost The advantage that rate density is high, weak magnetism speed expansion range is wide.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine, it is characterised in that:
Including two amorphous alloy stators and a rotor being placed among two stators;
The stator core (1) of stationary part is radially divided into three parts, respectively permanent magnetic region stator core (10), every magnetic area (9) and electrical excitation region stator core (8);
Permanent magnetic region armature winding (2) is arranged on permanent magnetic region stator core (10);Electrical excitation region armature winding (3) setting On the stator core of electrical excitation region (8);
On the rotor field spider (5) of rotor portion be embedded with permanent magnet (6) and magnetic pole iron (7), respectively with permanent magnetic region stator core (10) axial corresponding with electrical excitation region stator core (8).
2. combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electrical excitation Region stator core (8) is provided with 6*n open slot, constitutes dentalation;Rotor magnetic pole iron (7) number of poles be 5*n, described turn Sub- permanent magnet (6) number of poles is 10*n;Electrical excitation region armature winding (3) is wrapped in electrical excitation region stator core (8) On tooth.
3. combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the permanent magnet (6) with the good magnetic pole iron of magnetic property (7) in non-magnetic stainless steel rotor field spider (5).
4. combined magnetic pole controllable magnetic field type axial-flux electric machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: electrical excitation region is fixed Sub (8) groove depth is greater than permanent magnetic region stator (10) groove depth, disposes electrical excitation winding (4) at yoke portion in slot.
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109768684A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-05-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Radial parallel type bimorph transducer multiphase permanent magnet fault-tolerant electric machine
CN109888939A (en) * 2019-02-11 2019-06-14 邱东平 A kind of two-stage magnetic pole improves the method and straight hair motor of flux change frequency
CN110417223A (en) * 2019-08-06 2019-11-05 郑州轻工业学院 A kind of magneto magnetic regulation mechanism and its adjustable magnetic method
CN110601475A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-12-20 淮阴工学院 Axial magnetic field composite flux switching motor
CN111181262A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-19 郑州轻工业大学 Stator structure using built-in magnetic flux modulation ring of winding
CN112039233A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-04 江苏城邦汽车配件制造有限公司 Electro-magnetic flux switching motor with radial partition stator
CN112421913A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-26 中国石油大学(华东) Unbalanced primary axial magnetic flux magnetic suspension generator for vertical axis wind power generation
CN112448504A (en) * 2019-09-02 2021-03-05 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Rotor of motor, motor and assembly method of motor
CN112688517A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-20 福州大学 Mixed excitation axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor
CN113346700A (en) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-03 中国石油大学(华东) Controllable magnetic field modulation axial flux generator combined with magnetic suspension
CN117081282A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-11-17 四川大学 Parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation type disc type transverse flux motor

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109888939A (en) * 2019-02-11 2019-06-14 邱东平 A kind of two-stage magnetic pole improves the method and straight hair motor of flux change frequency
CN109768684A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-05-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Radial parallel type bimorph transducer multiphase permanent magnet fault-tolerant electric machine
CN110417223A (en) * 2019-08-06 2019-11-05 郑州轻工业学院 A kind of magneto magnetic regulation mechanism and its adjustable magnetic method
CN110417223B (en) * 2019-08-06 2020-07-24 郑州轻工业学院 Permanent magnet motor magnetic adjustment mechanism and magnetic adjustment method thereof
CN112448504B (en) * 2019-09-02 2022-08-30 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Rotor of motor, motor and assembly method of motor
CN112448504A (en) * 2019-09-02 2021-03-05 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Rotor of motor, motor and assembly method of motor
CN110601475A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-12-20 淮阴工学院 Axial magnetic field composite flux switching motor
CN110601475B (en) * 2019-09-17 2024-05-17 淮阴工学院 Axial magnetic field composite magnetic flux switching motor
CN111181262A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-19 郑州轻工业大学 Stator structure using built-in magnetic flux modulation ring of winding
CN111181262B (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-12-08 郑州轻工业大学 Stator structure using built-in magnetic flux modulation ring of winding
CN112039233A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-04 江苏城邦汽车配件制造有限公司 Electro-magnetic flux switching motor with radial partition stator
CN112421913A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-26 中国石油大学(华东) Unbalanced primary axial magnetic flux magnetic suspension generator for vertical axis wind power generation
CN112688517B (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-11-02 福州大学 Mixed excitation axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor
CN112688517A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-20 福州大学 Mixed excitation axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor
CN113346700B (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-08-09 中国石油大学(华东) Controllable magnetic field modulation axial flux generator combined with magnetic suspension
CN113346700A (en) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-03 中国石油大学(华东) Controllable magnetic field modulation axial flux generator combined with magnetic suspension
CN117081282A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-11-17 四川大学 Parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation type disc type transverse flux motor
CN117081282B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-23 四川大学 Parallel magnetic circuit hybrid excitation type disc type transverse flux motor

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