CN104467333A - Rotor excitation multi-phase reluctance motor and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor and a control method thereof relate to the field of motors. The present invention aims to solve the problems that the existing permanent magnet synchronous motor has a narrow adjustment range of the rotor magnetic field, and the rotor has a complex structure, low structural strength, and is not suitable for high-speed operation. Both the armature core and the rotor core are cylindrical, and the inner side of the armature core is axially opened with a plurality of slots to form teeth and slots are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction. Each tooth of the armature core is wound with a coil, and there are m phases. Armature winding, m≥3, every adjacent k teeth and the coils wound on them form a phase unit, k≥2, and the winding directions of the coils on every adjacent two teeth are opposite and connected in series; there is m ×n phase units, n is a positive integer, and the phase unit coils are connected in series; a plurality of slots are evenly arranged in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core, and a permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is tangentially magnetized , the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. It can be used in fields such as electric vehicle drive system, electric spindle system and variable speed power generation.

Description

Rotor Excited Multiphase Reluctance Motor and Its Control Method

technical field

The invention relates to a rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor and a control method thereof. It belongs to the motor field.

Background technique

The idea of traditional field weakening control of permanent magnet synchronous motor comes from the field regulation control of separately excited DC motor. When the terminal voltage of separately excited DC motor reaches the limit voltage, in order to make the motor run at a higher speed with constant power, the excitation current of the motor should be reduced to ensure the voltage balance. The voltage balance equation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&psi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

The excitation magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is generated by the permanent magnet and cannot be adjusted. It cannot be controlled by the excitation current like the separately excited DC motor. When u=u _lim , the only way to continue to increase the speed is to adjust i _d and _iq to achieve, increase the motor direct axis demagnetization current component and reduce the quadrature axis current component, in order to maintain the voltage balance relationship, can get the "weakening field" effect. The former "field weakening" ability is directly related to the direct axis inductance of the motor, and the latter is related to the quadrature axis inductance. Since the motor phase current also has a certain limit, increasing the demagnetization current component while ensuring that the armature current does not exceed the current limit value, the quadrature axis current should be reduced accordingly. Therefore, the field weakening speed expansion is generally achieved by increasing the direct axis demagnetization current.

When performing field weakening control on a permanent magnet synchronous motor, if the stator resistance is ignored and the motor voltage reaches the limit voltage u _lim , the motor speed formula can be obtained from the voltage balance equation (1) as

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 60</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; lim</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;p</span>}\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&psi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

It can be seen from formula (2) that the ideal field-weakening conditions for the motor to run at infinitely high speeds with "field-weakening" are:

ψ _f ＝-L _d i _d ＝L _d i _lim (3)

i _q =0(4)

When the motor terminal voltage and current reach the maximum value, the current is all the direct axis current component, and the influence of the stator resistance is ignored, the ideal maximum speed n _max of the motor can be obtained as:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; max</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 60</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; lim</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;p</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; |</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&psi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; lim</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; |</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

The expression of the motor electromagnetic torque T _e is:

T _e ＝p[ψ _f i _q +(L _d -L _q )i _d i _q ] (6)

The first item on the right side of the torque expression (6) is the permanent magnet torque generated by the action of the permanent magnet and the q-axis current; the second item is the reluctance torque generated by the salient pole effect. For a permanent magnet synchronous motor, usually because L _d <L _q , the negative d-axis current _id flows through, so that the reluctance torque and the permanent magnet torque are superimposed and become a part of the output torque. The d-axis armature reaction magnetic flux generated by _the negative d-axis current id is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet. If you do not pay attention, it may cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet.

In recent years, with the improvement of the performance of permanent magnet materials, rare earth permanent magnets with high coercive force and linear demagnetization curve have been widely used in the field of motors, making the field weakening control of permanent magnet synchronous motors possible and broadening the range of motors. The speed regulation range improves the efficiency of the speed regulation system.

It can be seen from formula (5) that the main methods to increase the maximum speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are:

(1) Reduce the flux linkage ψ _f ; (2) Increase i _lim ; (3) Increase L _d ; (4) Increase the limit voltage u _lim of the motor; (5) Use the combination of the first four methods.

If the limit voltage u _lim and limit current i _lim of the motor are increased, the capacity of the inverter needs to be increased, which increases the manufacturing cost of the system, which is generally not desirable. When the limit voltage and limit current of the motor are constant, the ideal maximum speed of the motor mainly depends on the flux linkage of the no-load permanent magnet of the motor and the direct-axis synchronous inductance, but has nothing to do with the quadrature-axis synchronous inductance.

It can be seen from formula (5) that the smaller ψ _{f is} , the wider the field-weakening speed regulation range of the motor is, but the smaller ψ _f is, the smaller the electromagnetic torque T _e can be seen from formula (6). Therefore, unless the reluctance torque is increased, the permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot perform well. It is very important to increase the saliency ratio to increase the torque. Considering that _Lq is limited due to the magnetic saturation of the core, it is usually required to increase the electromagnetic torque by reducing _Ld . However, the rotor structure of the traditional embedded permanent magnet permanent magnet synchronous motor is shown in Figure 4. Its ψ _f is large, while L _d is small. Therefore, it is necessary to greatly increase the i _d to make the motor run in a wider speed range. This will increase the capacity of the inverter, reduce the efficiency of the drive system, and easily cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing permanent magnet synchronous motors that the rotor magnetic field adjustment range is narrow, the structure of the rotor is complex, the structure strength is low, and it is not suitable for high-speed operation. A rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor and a control method thereof are now provided.

Rotor excited multiphase reluctance motor, which includes a stator and a rotor, with an air gap between the stator and the rotor,

Stator includes armature core and armature winding,

The armature core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the inner side of the armature core. The formed teeth and slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. Along the circumferential direction, each tooth of the armature core is wound with a One coil, the armature winding is an m-phase winding, m≥3, every adjacent k teeth and the coil wound on it constitute a phase unit, k≥2, every two adjacent k teeth constituting a phase unit The winding directions of the coils on the teeth are opposite, and k coils are connected in series; the motor has m×n phase units in total, n is a positive integer, and the phase unit coils belonging to the same phase are connected in series;

The rotor includes rotor core and permanent magnets,

The rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core. The plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. , the magnetization directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Rotor excited multiphase reluctance motor, which includes a stator and a rotor, with an air gap between the stator and the rotor,

Stator includes armature core and armature winding,

The armature core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the inner side of the armature core. The formed teeth and slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. Along the circumferential direction, there is a Coil, the armature winding is an m-phase winding, m≥3, that is, the teeth with coils and the teeth without coils are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and each tooth and the coils wound on it constitute a phase unit;

The motor has m×n phase units in total, n is a positive integer, and the coils of the phase units belonging to the same phase are connected in series; the width of the stator teeth without coils is less than or equal to the width of the stator teeth with coils,

The rotor includes rotor core and permanent magnets,

The rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core. The plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. , the magnetization directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Rotor excited multiphase reluctance motor, which includes a stator and a rotor, with an air gap between the stator and the rotor,

Stator includes armature core and armature winding,

The armature core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the inner side of the armature core, and the formed teeth and slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction.

The relationship between the number of poles Z _r of the motor rotor and the number of teeth Z _s of the stator satisfies the following relationship: Z _s = mqZ _r , q is the number of slots per pole and phase, q≥1,

Embed armature windings in each slot, the armature windings are m-phase symmetrical stacked windings or wave windings, m≥3;

The rotor includes rotor core and permanent magnets,

The rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core. The plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. , the magnetization directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

The control method of the rotor excitation multi-phase reluctance motor, the motor adopts vector control, below the base speed, the direct axis current i _d >0.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can flexibly adjust the ψ _f of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the running state of the motor, and make the rotor structure of L _d >> L _q , and make the motor run at a relatively low speed by increasing the direct axis current _id Wide speed range; the rotor is composed of a rotor core and a permanent magnet, and the rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core, and the plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, the rotor has a simple structure, high structural strength, and is suitable for high-speed operation.

It can be used in fields such as electric vehicle drive system, electric spindle system and variable speed power generation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the motor structure schematic diagram of the rotor excitation polyphase reluctance motor described in embodiment 1,

2 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure of the rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor described in Embodiment 2,

3 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure of the rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor described in Embodiment 3,

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor with embedded permanent magnets.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: The rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor described in this embodiment includes a stator and a rotor, and an air gap is left between the stator and the rotor.

Stator includes armature core and armature winding,

The armature core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the inner side of the armature core. The formed teeth and slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. Along the circumferential direction, each tooth of the armature core is wound with a One coil, the armature winding is an m-phase winding, m≥3, every adjacent k teeth and the coil wound on it constitute a phase unit, k≥2, every two adjacent k teeth constituting a phase unit The winding directions of the coils on the teeth are opposite, and k coils are connected in series; the motor has m×n phase units in total, n is a positive integer, and the phase unit coils belonging to the same phase are connected in series;

The rotor includes rotor core and permanent magnets,

The rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core. The plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. , the magnetization directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Embodiment 1: Referring to FIG. 1, this embodiment will be described. An example of the rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor of this embodiment is:

It includes a stator and a rotor. There is an air gap between the stator and the rotor. The stator includes an armature core and an armature winding. The armature core is cylindrical and slotted axially on its inner side. There are 12 slots in total. 12 teeth are formed, and the tooth grooves formed are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. The armature winding is a three-phase winding. Along the circumferential direction, a coil is wound on each tooth of the armature core. Every two adjacent teeth and their The coils wound above form a phase unit, and the two coils forming a phase unit have opposite winding directions and are connected in series; the whole motor has 6 phase units in total, and the phase unit coils belonging to the same phase are connected in series; the rotor is mainly composed of rotor Composed of iron core and permanent magnet, the outer surface of the cylindrical rotor iron core is slotted in the axial direction. There are 10 slots in total. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is tangentially magnetized. The magnetization directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite.

Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and the rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor described in Embodiment 1 is that the number of rotor poles Z _r and the number of stator teeth Z _s satisfy the following relationship: Z _r =j (Z _s ±2), or Z _r =j(Z _s ±1), Z _s =k×m×n, j is a positive integer.

Specific embodiment three: the rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor described in this embodiment includes a stator and a rotor, an air gap is left between the stator and the rotor,

Stator includes armature core and armature winding,

The armature core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the inner side of the armature core. The formed teeth and slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. Along the circumferential direction, there is a Coil, the armature winding is an m-phase winding, m≥3, that is, the teeth with coils and the teeth without coils are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, and each tooth and the coils wound on it constitute a phase unit;

The motor has m×n phase units in total, n is a positive integer, and the coils of the phase units belonging to the same phase are connected in series; the width of the stator teeth without coils is less than or equal to the width of the stator teeth with coils,

The rotor includes rotor core and permanent magnets,

The rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core. The plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. , the magnetization directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG. 2, this embodiment will be described. An example of the rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor of this embodiment is:

It includes a stator and a rotor. There is an air gap between the stator and the rotor. The stator includes an armature core and an armature winding. The armature core is cylindrical and slotted axially on its inner side. There are 12 slots in total. 12 teeth are formed, and the formed tooth slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction, and the armature winding is a three-phase winding. Along the circumferential direction, a coil is wound on every other tooth of the armature core, that is, the teeth with coils and the teeth without coils are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. Each coil constitutes a phase unit, and the whole motor has 6 phase units in total. , the coils of phase units belonging to the same phase are connected in series; the width of stator teeth without coils is less than or equal to the width of stator teeth with coils. The rotor is mainly composed of a rotor core and a permanent magnet. The outer surface of the cylindrical rotor core is slotted in the axial direction, and a permanent magnet is embedded in each slot. The permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. Every two adjacent permanent magnets The magnets are charged in the opposite direction.

Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and the rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor described in Embodiment 1 or 3 is that the motor includes m stators, the number of stator teeth is equal to the number of rotor poles, and the m stators are Axially connected in series; along the circumferential direction, m rotors are in the same phase, and m stators are sequentially different in electrical angle by 360°/m.

Embodiment 5: The rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor described in this embodiment includes a stator and a rotor, and an air gap is left between the stator and the rotor.

Stator includes armature core and armature winding,

The armature core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the inner side of the armature core, and the formed teeth and slots are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction.

The relationship between the number of poles Z _r of the motor rotor and the number of teeth Z _s of the stator satisfies the following relationship: Z _s = mqZ _r , q is the number of slots per pole and phase, q≥1,

Embed armature windings in each slot, the armature windings are m-phase symmetrical stacked windings or wave windings, m≥3;

The rotor includes rotor core and permanent magnets,

The rotor core is cylindrical, and a plurality of slots are opened in the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotor core. The plurality of slots are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet is embedded in each slot, and the permanent magnet is magnetized tangentially. , the magnetization directions of every two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Embodiment 6: In this embodiment, according to the control method of the rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor described in Embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 5, the motor adopts vector control, and below the base speed, the direct axis current i _d >0 .

Embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and the rotor excitation multi-phase reluctance motor control method described in Embodiment 6 is that the width of the yoke of the rotor core must ensure that the yoke passes through every Pole permanent magnets generate 20% to 100% of the magnetic flux.

Embodiment 8. The difference between this embodiment and the rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor control method described in Embodiment 6 is that the iron core is made of high magnetic permeability material; the rotor core slots are semi-closed slots and half-open slots or open slots.

Embodiment 9. The difference between this embodiment and the control method of the rotor-excited multiphase reluctance motor described in Embodiment 6 is that the permanent magnets of each pole of the rotor are divided into i segments along the radial direction, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1 , there is a permeable magnetic bridge between segments.

Embodiment 3: Refer to FIG. 3 to illustrate this embodiment. An example of this embodiment is: the permanent magnet of each pole of the rotor is divided into two sections along the radial direction, and there is a permeable magnetic bridge between the two sections.

Embodiment 10. The difference between this embodiment and the rotor excitation multiphase reluctance motor control method described in Embodiment 6 is that the motor has an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure; the motor has a single stator structure Or a double stator structure, the motor is a radial magnetic field structure or an axial magnetic field structure.

The motor described in this embodiment is used for a motor or a generator.

Working principle of the present invention:

When the armature winding current of a certain phase is zero, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet closes itself through the teeth and yoke of the rotor core, and does not pass through the air gap to interlink with the stator armature winding. When the motor is used as a motor , the positioning torque is zero or basically zero. When the motor is used as a generator, the no-load resistance torque is zero or basically zero. Moreover, in the non-energized state of the armature winding, the armature winding does not generate induced electromotive force, which can be Ensuring that the motor drive power supply is in a safe state will help prevent damage to the control device.

According to the rotor position signal output by the rotor position sensor, when the driver is controlled to pass an AC current of appropriate phase into the armature winding (vector control can be used), the magnetic flux generated by the armature winding current is connected in series with the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet, and In the same path, the two kinds of magnetic flux pass through the rotor permanent magnet and the rotor core teeth together, and intersect with the stator armature winding to generate an electromotive force; since the magnetic field lines follow the path of minimum reluctance, the stator and rotor core teeth of the motor attract each other, resulting in Tangential and radial electromagnetic force, wherein the tangential electromagnetic force acts on the rotor to generate electromagnetic torque and drive the rotor to rotate. At this time, the armature winding current not only generates electromagnetic torque of reluctance nature, but also controls the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet of the rotor, and then controls the magnitude of the induced electromotive force of the winding. In specific applications, the armature winding current can be adjusted according to the torque and speed required by the load, and the magnetic flux passing through the rotor and interlinking with the armature winding can be increased or decreased. control, and the direct axis current is always greater than zero, therefore, it can prevent the occurrence of permanent magnet demagnetization, and can also prevent the weak magnetic current from causing copper loss, and no matter whether it is to strengthen or weaken the air gap magnetic field, it only needs to control the size of the armature current It only needs to be changed, and the current control is simple. In addition, when the motor is running at high speed, there is no need to input weak field reactive power from the armature winding, so the copper loss of the armature winding can be reduced; as the motor speed increases, the The direct axis current decreases gradually, which reduces the magnetic flux interlinked with the stator and rotor, and reduces the magnetic density of the stator and rotor cores, which can suppress the iron loss of the motor.

If a winding open circuit fault occurs, the armature winding current of the fault phase is zero, so the fault phase will not affect other phases;

If a winding inter-turn short circuit fault occurs, the winding current of the fault phase will lose control, and the current will gradually decay to zero, and it will not affect other phases.

In summary, the multiphase reluctance motor of the present invention has the characteristics of wide constant power speed regulation range, simple control, and strong fault tolerance.

Claims (10)

1. rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine, is characterized in that, it comprises stators and rotators, leaves air gap between stators and rotators,

Stator comprises armature core and armature winding,

Armature core is cylindrical shape, multiple groove is opened vertically in the inner side of armature core, the tooth formed and groove successively alternately along the circumferential direction, along the circumferential direction, each tooth of armature core are wound with a coil, armature winding is m phase winding, m >=3, every adjacent k tooth and on institute's coiling form a facies unit, k >=2, form the coil in k tooth of a facies unit often on adjacent two teeth around on the contrary, and k coils connected in series is together; Described motor has m × n facies unit, and n is positive integer, belongs to the facies unit coils connected in series of same phase together;

Rotor comprises rotor core and permanent magnet,

Rotor core is cylindrical shape, opens multiple groove vertically at the outer surface of rotor core, and described multiple groove is evenly distributed along rotor circumference direction, embeds one piece of permanent magnet, permanent magnet cutting orientation magnetizing in each groove, and often the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is contrary.

2. rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotor number of poles Z _rwith stator tooth number Z _sbetween meet following relation: Z _r=j (Z _s, or Z ± 2) _r=j (Z _s± 1), Z _s=k × m × n, j is positive integer.

3. rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine, is characterized in that, it comprises stators and rotators, leaves air gap between stators and rotators,

Stator comprises armature core and armature winding,

Armature core is cylindrical shape, multiple groove is opened vertically in the inner side of armature core, the tooth formed and groove are successively alternately along the circumferential direction, along the circumferential direction, on a tooth, be wound with a coil at armature core, armature winding is m phase winding, m >=3, namely the tooth being wound with coil and the tooth not having coil are along the circumferential direction alternately arranged, each tooth and on institute's coiling form a facies unit;

Described motor has m × n facies unit, and n is positive integer, belongs to the facies unit coils connected in series of same phase together; The stator tooth width of coiling is not less than or equal to the stator tooth width being wound with coil,

Rotor comprises rotor core and permanent magnet,

Rotor core is cylindrical shape, opens multiple groove vertically at the outer surface of rotor core, and described multiple groove is evenly distributed along rotor circumference direction, embeds one piece of permanent magnet, permanent magnet cutting orientation magnetizing in each groove, and often the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is contrary.

4. the rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, motor comprises m stator, and the described stator number of teeth is equal with rotor number of poles, and m stator is connected in series vertically; Along the circumferential direction, m rotor phase is identical, and m stator differs 360 °/m electrical degree successively.

5. rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine, is characterized in that, it comprises stators and rotators, leaves air gap between stators and rotators,

Stator comprises armature core and armature winding,

Armature core is cylindrical shape, opens multiple groove vertically in the inner side of armature core, the tooth of formation and groove successively alternately along the circumferential direction,

Rotor number of poles Z _rwith stator tooth number Z _sbetween meet following relation: Z _s=mqZ _r, q is MgO-ZrO_2 brick, q>=1,

In each groove, embed armature winding, armature winding is the symmetrical lap winding of m or wave winding, m >=3;

Rotor comprises rotor core and permanent magnet,

Rotor core is cylindrical shape, opens multiple groove vertically at the outer surface of rotor core, and described multiple groove is evenly distributed along rotor circumference direction, embeds one piece of permanent magnet, permanent magnet cutting orientation magnetizing in each groove, and often the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is contrary.

6. the control method of the rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 1,2,3 or 5, is characterized in that, motor adopts vector control, below base speed, and direct-axis current i _d> 0.

7. the control method of rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 6, is characterized in that, rotor core yoke portion width will ensure under the non-excited state of stator winding, and yoke portion produces 20% ~ 100% of magnetic flux by every pole permanent magnet.

8. the control method of rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 6, is characterized in that, iron core is made up of high permeability material; Rotor core groove is semi-enclosed slot, semi-open slot or open slot.

9. the control method of rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 6, is characterized in that, rotor every pole permanent magnet is radially divided into i section, i be more than or equal to 1 natural number, there is magnetic conduction magnetic bridge between section and section.

10. the control method of rotor-exciting polyphase reluctance machine according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described motor is inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure; Described motor is single stator structure or double-stator structure; Described motor is radial magnetic field structure or axial magnetic field structure.