CN101874338B - Flux shunt control rotary electric machine system - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotary electric machine system and a flux control method. In the flux shunt control rotary electric machine system, a field portion opposing the armature is divided into two so that they can be biased relatively, and the amount of a magnetic flux in the main magnetic path is varied by shunting the flux from the field magnet to the main magnetic path passing the armature side and the bypass magnetic path not passing the armature depending on the relative biasing. A rotary electric machine system and an amount of flux control method capable of controlling the amount of a magnetic flux are provided by suppressing a magnetic force impeding the biasing as minimum magnetic force conditions for setting the reluctance of the main and bypass magnetic paths to sustain the total amount of flux from the field magnet at a constant level or by utilizing a magnetic force appearing without conforming to the minimum magnetic force conditions.

Description

Flux shunt control rotary electric machine system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of generator with permanent magnet field, dynamo-electric machine system of motor of comprising.

Background technology

Taking-up is because of the engine of the electric power of the relative rotation electro permanent magnetic ground generation of permanent magnet field and armature; Or produce the electric rotating machinery apparatus such as counterrotating motor of permanent magnet field and armature through the interaction of the magnetic field that produces because of the electric current of supplying with to armature and permanent magnet field; Energy efficiency is excellent; Be accompanied by the development of technology of permanent magnet, be widely used usually.But such electric rotating machine so no matter use or use as engine as motor, is not to obtain best output owing to come the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet certain in wide rotational velocity range usually.

Promptly under the motor situation, back electromotive force in high rotary area (generating voltage) is too high, and its result is difficult to control, and as controlling than low-intensity magnetic field, the someone has proposed the various means of weakened field intensity.In addition, under the situation of generator, become the level of regulation, used specially the constant voltage generator that undertaken by field supply control or the constant voltage loop of the generating voltage of being undertaken by semiconductor in order in wide velocity interval, to make generating voltage.

In motor, control than low-intensity magnetic field though extensively adopted by what the leading phase electric current carried out, flow in order to make the electric current that does not directly help to rotate, make energy loss become big.To control under the situation about using in the lump, make the complex structure of electric rotating machine, in addition, also follow energy loss with current excitation and permanent magnet excitation.And then, under the situation of generator, there is the big problem of cost burden of the constant voltage electronic loop under the big electric power.Under such environment, begun in the past to seek to study the structure of electric rotating machinery apparatus and electronic loop control is terminated in Min. reduce strategy, and proposed various schemes as the whole cost of device.

United States Patent (USP) 3713015 discloses the magnetic field rotor has been divided into two, and makes two magnetic field rotors at the circumferencial direction relativity shift, effectively the alternating current generator of controlling magnetic field intensity.Though because so above-mentioned relativity shift can mechanically keep having the few advantage of energy loss,, because it is constant to flow into the magnetic field flux amount of armature, so exist in the big shortcoming of eddy current losses in the high rotary area.TOHKEMY 2004-320864, TOHKEMY 2004-328944 disclose the device of the magnetic resistance control magnetic flux that changes the magnetic loop that comprises magnetic field magnet.And then United States Patent (USP) 4885493, TOHKEMY 2004-357357, TOHKEMY 2006-246662 disclose the device that magnetic field magnet is carried out short circuit control.Generally in comprising the magnetic loop of magnet, exist under the situation of moving part, exist and desire to make moving part to flow through the magnetic force of direction (reducing the direction of the magnetic resistance) skew of the magnetic flux of magnetic loop to increase.Magnetic field magnet is generation power or the source that produces electric power in electric rotating machinery apparatus.In the magnetic resistance of controlling magnetic loop through mechanical skew or motion example with the electric rotating machinery apparatus of magnetic field magnet short circuit; The ratio that is output into of above-mentioned magnetic force and electric rotating machine needs big power, simultaneously in skew control; Cause the vibration or the swing of parts, be difficult to carry out accurate control.And then, need the big actuator of exporting, follow the mechanism of undue mechanical strength etc., want to realize with difficulty.Patent documentation 1: No. 3713015 patent documentations 2 of United States Patent (USP): No. 4885493 patent documentations 3 of United States Patent (USP): TOHKEMY 2004-320864 patent documentation 4: TOHKEMY 2004-328944 patent documentation 5: TOHKEMY 2004-357357 patent documentation 6: TOHKEMY 2006-246662 number

Summary of the invention

Invent problem to be solved

Therefore; The problem that the present invention will solve is; Provide (1) to make the worry of magnetic field magnet demagnetize few, (2) are considered magnetic flux is controlled conditions such as needed power suppresses for a short time, can carry out more weak magnetic flux control easily and make output best dynamo-electric machine system and flux control method.In order to solve the means of problem

The present invention is a kind of dynamo-electric machine system; Said electric rotating machine has armature and magnetic field portion; Said armature has armature coil, and the prominent utmost point of a plurality of magnetics that is configured in circumferencial direction with armature in opposite directions can rotated and have in said magnetic field portion in opposite directions relatively with armature, it is characterized in that; Configuration surface magnetic pole piece and excitation division in the portion of magnetic field; The surface magnetic pole piece with the forward surface of armature on dispose the prominent utmost point of a plurality of magnetics at circumferencial direction, simultaneously, with the forward surface of excitation division on prominent utmost point extension of configuration magnetic and bypass magnetic pole; Excitation division has magnetic field magnet, prominent utmost point extension of any side's of the N utmost point of magnetic field magnet or the S utmost point magnetic pole and magnetic and bypass magnetic pole opposite at least, and the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of adjacency disposed with the mode that is magnetized into mutual heteropole; The magnetic flux that the prominent utmost point extension of one side's of magnet magnetic pole magnetropism body flows into from magnetic field is through armature and in abutting connection with the main magnetic circuit of the opposing party's of the prominent poloidal magnetic field magnet of magnetic magnetic pole circulation; And the magnetic flux that flows into to the bypass magnetic pole mainly in the portion of magnetic field to the bypass magnetic circuit of the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole circulation, be connected side by side with magnetic field magnet; Any movable magnetic pole piece of conduct of surface magnetic pole piece or excitation division, with can with the prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet and magnetic and with the area sum of bypass magnetic pole opposite remain certain in change above-mentioned each in opposite directions the mode of area movable magnetic pole piece is constituted and can carry out relativity shift with respect to surplus; So that optimized mode of the output of dynamo-electric machine system and above-mentioned output correspondingly make movable magnetic pole piece skew, the magnetic flux that control is flowed to armature.

In said structure; Because prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole are through minim gap and magnetic field magnet in opposite directions; Magnetic flux near magnetic field magnet and magnetic with their interface quadrature roughly; So, come the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet roughly to be prominent utmost point extension of laminar flow shape ground magnetropism body and the inflow of bypass magnetic pole, the area in opposite directions of the magnetic flux of the prominent utmost point extension shunting of magnetropism body and prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and magnetic field magnet is proportional.In addition, even owing to changed the magnetic flux that flows into to main magnetic circuit, the bypass magnetic circuit also is connected with magnetic field magnet, so can avoid magnetic field magnet by the danger of demagnetize.

In addition; The invention allows for the scheme of the magnetic resistance of said bypass magnetic circuit and main magnetic circuit being set for minimum magnetic force condition, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.In the bypass magnetic circuit, have the magnetic resistance adjustment part that constitutes by the space of magnetic or narrow etc. and assign to set the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit.Thus, owing to come the magnetic flux total amount of self-magnetic field magnet to be retained as necessarily,, carry out accurate magnetic flux control so the magnetic force of the skew that hinders movable magnetic pole piece is diminished.Even only hinder the magnetic force of above-mentioned skew to diminish through the bypass magnetic circuit being connected with magnetic field magnet also realized making; But the meaning of " about equally " is meant that the magnetic resistance with two magnetic circuits that is suppressed at below the output of the actuator that is used for above-mentioned skew with the magnetic force that will hinder above-mentioned skew sets minimum magnetic force condition for.Though the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit changes because of the relative position of the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic tooth,, in the present invention, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit has adopted the value of equalization as far as each relative position between the prominent utmost point of magnetic and the magnetic tooth.

Though through the magnetic resistance of above-mentioned two magnetic circuits is set for minimum magnetic force condition can with two magnetic circuits will flux leakage suppress for a short time, suppress the magnetic force that hinders skew little, the essential factor that the magnetic resistance of magnetic circuit is changed is a lot.Promptly, in the batch process stage; Accessory size disperses in setting tolerance and the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit is changed; Under the situation of the flux leakage between the very important magnetic, because the deviation post of movable magnetic pole piece influences the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit, the magnetic susceptibility of magnetic receives Influence of Temperature easily; So, the magnetic resistance change rate of each magnetic circuit.And then if electric current flows to armature coil, then the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit changes effectively.Like this, because the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit changes effectively, so consistently under the inactive state of rotor or average operating condition, the magnetic resistance of two magnetic circuits is set at minimum magnetic force condition with the specification of dynamo-electric machine system.

Though in said structure; Proportional to the dash forward area in opposite directions of utmost point extension and magnetic field magnet of the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit shunting and magnetic; But; If the change of the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit, the difference between the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit increases, and worries that then magnetic flux short-circuit ground between magnetic of prominent utmost point extension of magnetropism body and the shunting of bypass magnetic pole leaks.In the present invention; Also proposed the magnetic resistance between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic is set for than the big scheme of difference between the magnetic resistance of the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit; Even occurring between the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit under the situation of difference; Also can suppress the short circuit flux amount between the magnetic little, carry out the precision control of magnetic flux.

From armature coil, the bypass magnetic circuit is the magnetic circuit that is connected side by side with magnetic field magnet, has the magnetic flux short circuit that makes the electric current generation of flowing through armature coil and the possibility that makes the action generation obstacle of electric rotating machine.In the present invention, the bypass magnetic circuit that has proposed to comprise the bypass magnetic pole comprises with the prominent utmost point of magnetic compares the big material of eddy current losses, makes exchange flux be difficult to the scheme that constitutes through ground.Though come the excitation exchange flux to the mobile electric current of armature coil by the electric current of correspondingly supplying with to armature coil with the position of the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic tooth or because of induced voltage; But; According to said structure; Above-mentioned exchange flux is difficult to through the bypass magnetic circuit, can suppress the influence of the existence of bypass magnetic circuit to the action of electric rotating machine.

The invention allows for and have magnetic resistance adjustment assembly; The magnetic resistance of adjustment main magnetic circuit or bypass magnetic circuit after the manufacturing of electric rotating machine or in the running; The needed power of skew of movable magnetic pole piece is diminished; Can carry out the scheme of accurate magnetic flux control, and then, proposed in electric rotating machine running middle school to obtain to habit scheme about the data of minimum magnetic force condition.Thus, can be under each operating condition of electric rotating machine or during the change of magnetic flux, set the magnetic resistance of two magnetic circuits for minimum magnetic force condition, reduce to hinder the magnetic force of the skew of movable magnetic pole piece.In addition, proposed to break away from owing to the magnetic resistance of two magnetic circuits the scheme that magnetic force that minimum magnetic force condition occurs is used for the skew of movable magnetic pole piece in the present invention.Promptly increasing under the situation of magnetic flux, making the minimum magnetic force condition of magneto resistive ratio of main magnetic circuit little or make the minimum magnetic force condition of magneto resistive ratio of bypass magnetic circuit big, under the situation that reduces magnetic flux, adjusting the magnetic resistance of magnetic circuit with mode in contrast to this.As concrete means, the method for magnetic resistance adjustment, proposed to be configured in the change control of the magnetic void size set of data on the part of magnetic circuit and to being wound on the schemes such as energising control of the coil on the magnetic circuit.And then, also can be the method for utilizing the magnetic characteristic of control magnetics such as temperature or magnetic saturation.

Though can be through movable magnetic pole piece being squinted control the magnetic flux in the armature according to the present invention of above explanation,, can be suitable for known various means as the means that make movable magnetic pole piece skew.For example; Have as semifixed mechanism in advance by the means of manual setting; Utilize centrifugal force to make the governor mechanism of movable magnetic pole piece skew, be positioned in magnetic field portion under the situation of rotor-side at rotor and have the means of actuator or by the means that squint from the external force outside the rotor etc.

In electric rotating machine; Also have static structure of magnetic field portion rotation, armature and structure in contrast, also have armature cylindraceous and magnetic field portion radially through the space in opposite directions structure or roughly discoid armature and magnetic field portion axial through the space in opposite directions any structures such as structure.The present invention also is applicable to the electric rotating machine of above-mentioned any one structure of the magnetic field portion with permanent magnet excitation.In addition, electric rotating machine be if will as output, then be motor with revolving force to the electric current of armature coil as input, if with revolving force as input, then be generator from the armature coil output current.Though in motor or generator, there is best field structure, be reversible, dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention all is suitable for any one of motor, generator.

The effect of invention

In the dynamo-electric machine system of magnetic field portion with permanent magnet excitation, can be through mechanism skew with the magnetic flux of magnetic field magnet to main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit flow-dividing control, the magnetic force of the obstacle that becomes skew is suppressed, perhaps utilize magnetic force control magnetic flux.In flux shunt control rotary electric machine of the present invention, become easily than low-intensity magnetic field control, can realize controlling best the dynamo-electric machine system of output with energy-efficient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of first embodiment.Fig. 2 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 1 and the cutaway view of rotor.Fig. 3 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 1 and the cutaway view of rotor.Fig. 4 is the exploded perspective view of the rotor structure of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 1.Fig. 5 (a) and (b), (c) are in electric rotating machine shown in Figure 1, the longitudinal section of expression excitation division structure.Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are in electric rotating machine shown in Figure 1, the longitudinal section of the relation of the excitation division of expression skew and the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic.Fig. 7 is the time diagram that expression obtains the magnetic resistance regularization condition of main magnetic circuit with learning property.Fig. 8 is the block diagram that carries out than the dynamo-electric machine system of low-intensity magnetic field control.Fig. 9 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of second embodiment.Figure 10 representes the armature of electric rotating machine shown in Figure 9 and the cutaway view of rotor.Figure 11 (a) and (b) are in electric rotating machine shown in Figure 9, the surperficial magnetic pole piece of expression skew and the longitudinal section between excitation division.Figure 12 is near the cutaway view of the magnetic flux of the magnetic field magnet of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 9.Figure 13 is the stereogram of holding section of rotor and the surperficial magnetic pole piece of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 9.Figure 14 is the figure of the relation of expression magnet torque and reluctance torque and drive current phase place.Figure 15 representes intermittently to carry out the time diagram than low-intensity magnetic field control.Figure 16 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of the 3rd embodiment.Figure 17 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 16 and the cutaway view of rotor.Figure 18 is the vertical view of skew assembly of the excitation division of electric rotating machine shown in Figure 16.Figure 19 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of the 4th embodiment.Figure 20 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 19 and the cutaway view of rotor.Figure 21 is the vertical view of skew assembly of the excitation division of electric rotating machine shown in Figure 19.Figure 22 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of the 5th embodiment.Figure 23 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 22 and the cutaway view of rotor.(a) among Figure 24 is the stereogram of the sleeve of electric rotating machine shown in Figure 22, (b) is the stereogram of the rotating shaft of electric rotating machine shown in Figure 22.Figure 25 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of the 6th embodiment.Figure 26 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 25 and the cutaway view of rotor.Figure 27 is the exploded perspective view of the rotor of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 25.Figure 28 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of the 7th embodiment.Figure 29 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 28 and the cutaway view of rotor.Figure 30 is near the cutaway view that amplifies the magnetic field magnet with electric rotating machine shown in Figure 28.Figure 31 (a) and (b) are in electric rotating machine shown in Figure 28, the longitudinal section of the excitation division of presentation surface magnetic pole piece and skew.Figure 32 is based on the longitudinal section of the electric rotating machine of the 8th embodiment.Figure 33 is the armature of expression electric rotating machine shown in Figure 32 and the cutaway view of rotor.Figure 34 is near the cutaway view that amplifies the magnetic field magnet with electric rotating machine shown in Figure 32.Figure 35 is based on the block diagram of the dynamo-electric machine system of the 9th embodiment.Figure 36 is the magnetic loop figure of the model property of the expression main magnetic circuit, the bypass magnetic circuit that are connected with magnetic field magnet.

Embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the dynamo-electric machine system based on embodiments of the invention is described.

Embodiment 1

Use Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, first embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.First embodiment is the dynamo-electric machine system of radial gap structure, makes excitation division to axial dipole field, the magnetic flux that control is flowed to armature.When excitation division squints, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil, to quickening or deceleration direction driving rotor, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated, in addition, obtain to study property minimum magnetic force electric current.

Fig. 1 representes the present invention is applicable to the embodiment of the electric rotating machine of radial gap structure, and rotating shaft 11 is supported on the housing 12 through bearing 13 rotationally.Armature has cylindric yoke 15, magnetic tooth 14, the armature coil 16 that is fixed on the housing 12.Rotor has and comprises surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division at interior magnetic field portion 17, rotor bearing body 1b; Excitation division 18 constitutes with the mode to axial dipole field as movable magnetic pole piece; Rotating shaft 1b is constituted as hollow, has been made up of the excitation division supporting mass 1a that is configured in sliding bar 1h, push rod 1e, actuator 1f, spring 19 in the hollow part 1d, is arranged on slit 1c on the rotating shaft 11, joins through slit 1c and sliding bar 1h to make the assembly of excitation division 18 to axial dipole field.Number 1j representes load unit, and number 1g representes to be fixed on epitrochanterian cooling fan.

Fig. 2, Fig. 3 represent on the way the armature of 1 A-A ' and the cutaway view of rotor.Excitation division 18 is in the structure that has axially alternately disposed magnetic field magnet and nonmagnetic material; Fig. 2 representes the armature on the axial location that comprises magnetic field magnet of excitation division 18 and the cutaway view of rotor; Fig. 3 representes the armature on the axial location that does not comprise magnetic field magnet of excitation division 18 and the cutaway view of rotor; For mutual relation is described, to the part mark number of structure division.Armature comprises the cylindric yoke 15 that is fixed on the housing 12, from cylindric yoke 15 to radially extending and circumferentially having a plurality of magnetic teeth 14 in magnetic space, be wound on the armature coil 16 on the magnetic tooth 14.In the present embodiment, have nine armature coils 16, they are become three-phase by tie lines.

At magnetic tooth 14 front ends of armature, will be arranged in radially short saturable magnetic joint portion 28 between the leading section of magnetic tooth 14 of adjacency.Magnetic tooth 14 and saturable magnetic joint portion 28 are with mould the silicon steel plate punching after carrying out the lamination and the armature coil of having reeled, being made up with cylindric yoke 15, as armature.Saturable magnetic joint portion 28 improves the bearing strength of magnetic tooth 14 with magnetic tooth 14 one, suppresses the unnecessary vibration of magnetic tooth 14.Because the length setting radially of saturable magnetic joint portion 28 must be short; Made easy magnetically saturated shape; So; The magnetic flux that produces because of armature coil 16 easily or come the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet saturated in this case, makes the short circuit of the magnetic flux of magnetic flux that armature coil 16 produces and magnetic field magnet become small amount.If to armature coil 16 supplying electric currents, though then saturable magnetic joint portion 28 magnetic saturation along with the time make magnetic flux leak to periphery; But; Because the obscure boundary Chu in the effective magnetic space that in magnetically saturated saturable magnetic joint portion 28, occurs is so it is mild that the distribution of leaked magnetic flux becomes; The time that saturable magnetic joint portion 28 is also relaxed the power that puts on magnetic tooth 14 in this changes, and helps to suppress vibration.

In Fig. 2, Fig. 3; The magnetic field portion 17 of rotor is divided into surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division 18 ground constitute; The surface magnetic pole piece make with magnetic tooth 14 face in opposite directions on alternately have the structure of the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic space part at circumferencial direction; Represent the prominent utmost point of magnetic of adjacency by number 21,22, by number 23 expression magnetic space parts.The prominent utmost point 21,22 of magnetic is made the structure that the saturable magnetic body 26 by narrow width links, and is silicon steel plate to be carried out punching and lamination constitutes through the mould by regulation.As comprising magnetic space part 23, be through filling non magnetic and material that resistivity is big, rosin, resin etc. constitute in interior nonmagnetic material part.

And then also use the surperficial magnetic pole piece of Fig. 4, Fig. 5 explanation and the relation and the structure of excitation division 18.Fig. 4 is the exploded perspective view of the part of excitation division 18 being released and representing in order to understand three-dimensional structure easily.Fig. 5 (a) is illustrated among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 along the section of the prominent utmost point of the axial magnetic of B-B ' and bypass magnetic pole etc.; Fig. 5 (b) is illustrated among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 axial excitation division 18 sections along C-C ', and Fig. 5 (c) is illustrated among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 along by the prominent utmost point extension of axial magnetic of the part of the circumferencial direction of D-D ' expression and the cutaway view of bypass magnetic pole and excitation division 18.

Shown in Fig. 5 (a), the extension of the prominent utmost point 21 of magnetic has disposed bypass magnetic pole 31 axially having periodic excision portion in excision portion.At the prominent utmost point 22 extensions of the magnetic of circumferencial direction adjacency also with identical structural arrangements bypass magnetic pole 32.As Fig. 2,3 and Fig. 5 (a) shown in, bypass magnetic pole 31,32 magnetically combines with cylindric basic magnetic pole 25 through minim gap.

Like Fig. 5 (b) and shown in Figure 4; Excitation division 18 axially alternately has magnetic field magnet 24 and nonmagnetic material 27; And be disposed between the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of the magnetic of circumferencial direction adjacency, the prominent utmost point 22 extensions of magnetic and between the bypass magnetic pole 31, bypass magnetic pole 32, constitute and can endwisely slip.

Fig. 5 (c) is the cutaway view of relation of bypass magnetic pole 31, bypass magnetic pole 32 and excitation division 18 of the prominent utmost point 22 extensions of the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic, magnetic, the adjacency of expression adjacency; The utmost point 22 extensions are dashed forward in opposite directions at the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of the magnetic of circumferencial direction and adjacency, magnetic in the two ends of expression magnetic field magnet 24, so with bypass magnetic pole 31, bypass magnetic pole 32 state in opposite directions of adjacency.Bypass magnetic pole 31, bypass magnetic pole 32, cylindric basic magnetic pole 25 are made up of the soft iron piece, and the mode that is difficult to pass through with a.c. magnet constitutes.Arrow in the magnetic field magnet 24 is represented the direction of magnetization.

The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet 28 magnetic pole flow into the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic from magnetic field is through the prominent utmost point 21 of magnetic, magnetic tooth 14, the prominent utmost point 22 of magnetic, the prominent utmost point 22 extensions 22 of the magnetic main magnetic circuit to the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet 24 magnetic pole circulation; The magnetic flux that flow into bypass magnetic pole 31 with a side's of the magnet 24 from magnetic field magnetic pole is through basic magnetic pole 25, the bypass magnetic pole 32 bypass magnetic pole to the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet 24 magnetic pole circulation; Be and structures that magnetic field magnet 24 is connected side by side that the area in opposite directions that the axial dipole field through excitation division 18 can change magnetic field magnet 24 and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and the prominent utmost point 22 extensions of magnetic is to change the magnetic flux of shunting to main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit.The magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit will be in the area in opposite directions in the gap 33 between bypass magnetic pole 31,32 and the cylindric basic magnetic pole 25 and length as magnetic resistance furnishing part, be configured to when electric rotating machine is static and the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit about equally.Owing in series be included in the bypass magnetic circuit and the magnetic field magnet quantity in the main magnetic circuit equates, so, be set at both magnetic resistance identical.This is minimum magnetic force condition because the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit changes because of the relative position of the prominent utmost point 21 of magnetic and magnetic tooth 14, so, with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit be set at the magnetic resistance of equalization about equally.

In the present embodiment; Shown in Fig. 5 (a) and (b); The prominent utmost point 51 extension left ends of the length setting Cheng Yucong magnetic of magnetic field magnet 24 equate that to the distance 51 of bypass magnetic pole 31 left ends the length 52 of the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and the length 53 of bypass magnetic pole 31 are set for equal.Magnetic field magnet 24 usually with the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 31 in opposite directions, and the length that moves of skew is limited to magnetic and dashes forward in the length 52 of the utmost point 21 extensions.Therefore; Magnetic field magnet 24 is generally certain with the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 31 area in opposite directions; And because the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is set equal (minimum magnetic force condition) for; So, come the total magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet 24 to be generally necessarily, hinder the magnetic force of the axial dipole field of excitation division not produce in theory.

Fig. 6 and Fig. 5 (c) represent the position condition of different of excitation division 18 accordingly.Fig. 6 (a) expression magnetic field magnet 24 is dashed forward the utmost point 22 extensions 1 in opposite directions with the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of area and magnetic and magnetic to greatest extent, with most of magnetic flux to the main magnetic circuit condition of supplying.Fig. 6 (b) expression magnetic field magnet 24 with area and bypass magnetic pole 31 and 32 to greatest extent in opposite directions, with most of magnetic flux to bypass magnetic circuit condition of supplying.Under the intermediateness of the situation shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b); The prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic field magnet 24 and magnetic and bypass magnetic circuit 31 both sides are in opposite directions; The magnetic field flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet 24 flows into main magnetic circuit pro rata with area in opposite directions with the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic, and the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit is controlled.

In said structure; Because the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and bypass magnetic circuit 31 are through minim gap and magnetic field magnet 24 in opposite directions; Magnetic flux near magnetic field magnet 24 and magnetic with their boundary face quadrature roughly; So, come the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet 24 roughly to be the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of laminar flow shape ground inflow magnetic and bypass magnetic circuit 31, the area in opposite directions of the magnetic flux of the prominent utmost point 21 extensions shunting of magnetropism body and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and magnetic field magnet 24 is proportional.In order to keep the magnetic flux distribution of laminar flow shape; Above-mentioned minim gap is diminished; Therefore hope to slide, and then, in the part of leaving with the forward surface of magnetic field magnet 24, make the gap become big; Magnetic resistance between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit is set for bigger, the short circuit of separated magnetic flux is diminished than the difference of the magnetic resistance of the average magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit.

Generally in the part of the magnetic loop that comprises magnet, have under the situation of moving part, occur desiring to make moving part to the moving magnetic force of direction (meaning identical) that magnetic flux is increased with the direction of the magnetic resistance that reduces magnetic loop.Before the present invention, be purpose with the controlling magnetic field magnetic flux, propose to make the part skew of magnetic loop and the scheme of the magnetic resistance desiring to make magnetic field magnet short circuit or change magnetic circuit is a lot.But magnetic field magnet is the source that produces magnet torque or electric power in this electric rotating machine, hinders the power of above-mentioned skew big, is difficult to carry out accurate magnetic flux control.According to the structure of the present invention of above-mentioned explanation, can suppress magnetic force little, carry out accurate magnetic flux control.

In the present embodiment, magnetic field magnet is through minim gap and prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole opposite.Make the magnetic resistance strictness of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit equate it is difficult; Magnetic resistance at both exists under the situation of difference; If magnet is through magnetic and prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole opposite from magnetic field; The magnetic resistance that then comes the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet and separately magnetic circuit is correspondingly at above-mentioned magnetic internal shunt, the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit not and the area in opposite directions between magnetic field magnet and the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic proportional, the control of the magnetic flux difficulty that becomes.Because the restriction of making;, under the situation of magnetic and prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole opposite, make the strong magnetic of anisotropy or make the structure that magnetic flux is difficult to shunt in magnetic from magnetic field magnet as the magnetic of thin thickness as magnetic.This structure is comprised in the design of the present invention in that magnetic flux is shunted on this aspect in the end face of magnetic field magnet in fact.

More than to being illustrated through the situation that makes excitation division 8 can control the magnetic flux that flows to armature to axial dipole field.Below, explanation makes the assembly of excitation division 18 to axial dipole field according to Fig. 1.Three teats of excitation division supporting mass 1a join through three slit 1c and the sliding bar 1h that is arranged on the rotating shaft 11, and sliding bar 1h is in the hollow part of rotating shaft 11, can constitute in mode in axial sliding and join with the push rod 1e of actuator 1f.Spring 19 is configured between rotor bearing body 1b and the excitation division supporting mass 1a; To excitation division supporting mass 1a direction loading to the right; Because actuator 1f is in the structure that axially drives push rod 1e, so, excitation division supporting mass 1a and magnetic field magnet 24 by actuator 1f to axial dipole field.Actuator 1f is made up of stepping motor and screw mechanism, through stepping motor is rotated driving, is axially driving push rod 1e, under the situation of drive stepping motor not, keeps the axial location of push rod 1e.

If the skew of excitation division 18 is limited in the scope shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b); Then magnetic field magnet 24 and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic, bypass magnetic pole 31 sum of area in opposite directions separately are certain; These areas change according to skew, and are roughly proportional to the magnetic flux and the side-play amount of main magnetic circuit shunting.Though exceeding above-mentioned scope, side-play amount also can carry out magnetic flux control,, side-play amount is indefinite with the relation of the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit, and magnetic flux control is complicated.In the present embodiment, be used as the offset-limited assembly in order side-play amount to be limited in position and the axial length of setting slit 1c in the above-mentioned scope.

Though, can the flux leakage between two magnetic circuits be suppressed little through setting the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit for minimum magnetic force condition, suppress the magnetic force that hinders above-mentioned skew little,, make the essential factor of magnetic resistance change of magnetic circuit a lot.Promptly in the batch process stage; Accessory size disperses in setting tolerance and the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit is changed; Under the situation that can not ignore the flux leakage between the magnetic circuit, because the deviation post of movable magnetic pole piece influences the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit, the magnetic susceptibility of magnetic receives Influence of Temperature easily; So, the magnetic resistance change rate of each magnetic circuit.And then if the current direction armature, then the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit changes effectively.

In the present embodiment, the action discontinuous property ground at electric rotating machine carries out magnetic flux control as following.With electric rotating machine as motor, supply with to armature coil under the situation of the electric current make the direction that rotor quickens, introduce magnetic field flux, desire to make the electric current that flows to armature to increase, and under the situation of deceleration rotor in contrast.Therefore, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit reduces effectively respectively, increases under the situation of acceleration or deceleration rotor.For the magnetic resistance that makes main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit equates; Making the electric current of supplying with to armature coil is minimum magnetic force electric current; When the skew control of carrying out movable magnetic pole piece, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current and, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated to quickening or deceleration direction driving rotor to armature coil; Simultaneously, drive actions actuator.And then minimum magnetic force electric current is corresponding with the magnetic resistance change rate of the main magnetic circuit that causes because of a variety of causes as the structure that obtains to habit in electric rotating machine running middle school.

Use Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 study property is described to obtain the structure and the order of minimum magnetic force electric current.In Fig. 1, number 1 expression load unit detects the power that puts on push rod 1e.If it is poor on the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit, to exist, then magnetic field magnet 24 receives the power of the direction skew of the area in opposite directions between the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of the magnetic of the magnetic pole that increases and become the little side of magnetic resistance or bypass magnetic pole 31.Because actuator 1f desire keeps axial location,, can detect above-mentioned magnetic force by load unit 1j so the pressure in the sliding bar 1h, push rod 1e changes.

Fig. 7 is a time diagram of intermittently controlling magnetic flux, transverse axis 76 express times.Between number 71 expression learning region, number 72 expression magnetic flux control intervals.In interval band in addition, if electric rotating machine is that motor then is rotated driving, if engine then carries out the taking-up of electric power.Between learning region, in 71, change the condition of the electric current of supplying with to armature coil 16, drive rotor, the output of the load unit 1j in keeping watch on during this period.The electric current that the output of load unit 1j diminishes is the equal minimum magnetic force electric current of magnetic resistance that makes main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit effectively, and this minimum magnetic force electric current is stored again or is set in the control device.

Number 72 is intervals of control magnetic flux, and the minimum magnetic force electric current that will in above-mentioned learning process, obtain is supplied with to armature coil 16, and control action actuator 1f makes excitation division 18 to axial dipole field simultaneously.Because the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is effectively about equally, so, can carry out the above-mentioned control of being undertaken by actuator 1f swimmingly.In the case, owing to rotor is driven at short notice, so rotary speed 73 changes.In the control interval 72 of magnetic flux, rotor is slowed down, though small, the state that slows down is shown as rotary speed 73.Number 74 expression magnetic flux, though between learning region in 71 because actuator 1f keeps axial location, so magnetic flux 74 does not change, in magnetic flux control interval 72, shown the state of magnetic flux 74 variations.

Number 75 expression electric rotating machines are the generating voltage under the situation of generator.Between learning region 71 and magnetic flux control interval 72 in owing to can not take out generation power,, shown the state that generating voltage 75 changes in the front and back of magnetic flux control interval 72 so shown the state that generating voltage is interrupted.In the present embodiment, equate, so when carrying out magnetic flux control, rotor is quickened the minimum magnetic force electric current of supplying with to armature coil 16 or the degree of deceleration is suppressed for a short time owing to when static, the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit set for the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit.

In the present embodiment, having obtained minimum magnetic force electric current though set between learning region 71, also can be not set between learning region 71 learning method especially.For example, be under the situation of motor at electric rotating machine, keep watch on the relation of exporting to the electric current and the load unit 1j of armature supply in order to drive rotor usually, the electric current that the output of load unit 1j is minimum is as minimum magnetic force electric current.

More than, represented at Fig. 1 to electric rotating machine shown in Figure 7, can be to excitation division 18 to the control of axially squinting, control is to the situation of the mobile electric current of armature.Below use the block diagram illustrations control magnetic flux of Fig. 8 that output is controlled at best dynamo-electric machine system.Fig. 8 is the block diagram that the dynamo-electric machine system of magnetic flux control is carried out in expression.In Fig. 8, electric rotating machine 81 has input 82 and output 83, and control device 85 will comprise the output 83 of electric rotating machine 81 and the status signal 84 conduct inputs of excitation division 18 positions, through the magnetic flux of control signal 86 control electric rotating machines 81.The driving loop of number 87 expression armature coils 16.If electric rotating machine 83 uses as generator, then importing 82 is revolving forces, and output 83 is generation power.If electric rotating machine 81 uses as motor, then importing 82 is drive currents of supplying with to armature coil 16 from driving loop 87, and output 83 is rotating torques, rotary speed.

Below explanation as motor, is carried out electric rotating machinery apparatus than low-intensity magnetic field control revolving force to be controlled at best electric motor system.Control device 85; Rotary speed as output 83 is bigger than the value of regulation, when the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished, in the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, supplies with minimum magnetic force electric current through driving loop 87 to armature coil 16; The magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated effectively; According to control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f, make excitation division 18 direction skew to the right in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), reduce magnetic field magnet 24 and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the axial location of excitation division 18.Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; In the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil 16, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated effectively, according to control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f through driving loop 87; Make excitation division 18 direction skew left in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), increase magnetic field magnet 24 and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the axial location of excitation division 18.

Below explanation as generator, is carried out electric rotating machinery apparatus generating voltage to be controlled to the constant voltage generator system of the voltage of regulation than low-intensity magnetic field control.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the generating voltage as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; In the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil 16, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated effectively, according to control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f through driving loop 87; Make excitation division 18 direction skew to the right in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), reduce magnetic field magnet 24 and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the axial location of excitation division 18.Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; In the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil 16, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated effectively, according to control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f through driving loop 87; Make excitation division 18 direction skew left in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), increase magnetic field magnet 24 and the prominent utmost point 21 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the axial location of excitation division 18.

Because the correction assembly of the magnetic resistance of the main magnetic circuit that adopts is in the present embodiment followed electric rotating machine is quickened or deceleration, so, carry out in long-time continuous having the possibility of the running that influences electric rotating machine under the situation of magnetic flux control.But, under common operating condition, also carry out continuously because the change of the variation of rotary speed, magnetic flux is controlled, so do not become big problem.In addition, under the situation more than the level that change of flux is become to be scheduled to, through adopting the method for intermittently implementing several times, big obstacle does not appear yet.

Be controlled under the situation in the permissible range process of the magnetic resistance of the on-stream adjustment main magnetic circuit that can not need to adopt in the present embodiment according to design load at magnetic resistance with main magnetic circuit.In addition, under the little situation of the magnetic resistance of on-stream main magnetic circuit and A-stage deviation, can only adopt the initial stage adjustment after the assembling of electric rotating machine to set, omit the learning process that adopts in the present embodiment.Can be according to specification, the operating condition of dynamo-electric machine system, partly adopt the magnetic resistance modification method of the main magnetic circuit in the present embodiment and make best dynamo-electric machine system.

Embodiment 2

Below use second embodiment of Fig. 9 to Figure 15 explanation based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention.Second embodiment is that the magnetic field portion with rotor is divided into surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division, with surperficial magnetic pole piece as movable magnetic pole piece with respect to excitation division rotational offset intermittently, the dynamo-electric machine system of the magnetic flux that control is flowed to armature.

Fig. 9 representes the present invention is applicable to the embodiment of the electric rotating machine of radial gap structure, and rotating shaft 11 is supported on the housing 12 through bearing 13 rotationally.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment.The magnetic field portion of rotor have with magnetic tooth 14 in opposite directions surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and excitation division 93 radially; Excitation division 93 is fixed on the rotor bearing body 91, and surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 is supported on rotor bearing body 91 and the excitation division 93 through bearing 95 with surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 rotationally.

Rotating shaft 11 is made hollow-core construction, and in hollow part 1d, having can be at the sliding bar 1h that sets axially slidably, sliding bar 1h through push rod 1e by actuator 1f in axial driving.Spring 99 is configured on the rotor bearing body 91 with clutch plate 98, and spring 99 loads with the mode that clutch plate 98 is crimped onto on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92.Clutch plate 98 has three teat 9a in interior all sides, and this teat 9a connects the slit 1c that engages on the cylindrical wall that is set at rotating shaft 11, between rotating shaft 11 and clutch plate 94, transmits revolving force each other.And then interior all lateral process 9a of clutch plate 98 are structures that the end with sliding bar 1h joins.Be arranged on the rotor bearing body 91 recess 96 be fixed on offset-limited teat 97 on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 and be configured for the holding section of the offset-limited of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94.

Figure 10 representes along the armature of the E-E ' of Fig. 9 and the cutaway view of rotor, for mutual relation is described the part mark number of structure division is represented.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment, omits explanation.

In Figure 10, the magnetic field portion of rotor is divided into surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and excitation division 93, disposes through minim gap.With a side of magnetic tooth 14 surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 in opposite directions; Disposed the prominent utmost point of magnetic that disposes with the spacing that equates at circumferencial direction across the magnetic space part; Represent the prominent utmost point of magnetic of adjacency typically by number 101,102, represent the magnetic space part typically by number 103.With a side of excitation division 93 surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 in opposite directions; Disposed at the extension of circumferencial direction with the prominent utmost point of magnetic of equal spacing configuration; And the bypass magnetic pole of ground configuration between it, the extension 10a of the extension 109 of the prominent utmost point 101 of first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point 102 of second magnetic, the second bypass magnetic pole 105 are according to this reiteration configuration.The prominent utmost point extension of first magnetic 109, the second bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic magnetically separate each other; The second bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic dispose through minim gap, and the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic and the second bypass magnetic pole 105 combine and form continuously.Number 10c representes the direction of rotation of rotor.

The first magnetic prominent utmost point 102 of the utmost point 101, second magnetic of dashing forward is through by the mould of regulation silicon steel plate being carried out punching and form at axial lamination, being fixed on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 to magnetic space part 103 potting resins.The prominent utmost point extension of first magnetic 109, the first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic, the second bypass magnetic pole 105 be through forming identical cross sectional shape, and soft made of iron is inserted and constitute.

Excitation division 93 is made up of the magnetic field magnet 106,107 that is fixed on the cylindric magnetic core 108 on the rotor bearing body 91 and be configured on the cylindric magnetic core 108.Number 10b is the magnetic space part.The prominent utmost point extension 109 of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic and the first bypass magnetic pole 104 in opposite directions, the magnetic field magnet 107 and second magnetic are dashed forward utmost point extension 10a, the second bypass magnetic pole 105 in opposite directions.Magnetic field adjacent magnet 106,107 has opposite diametrical magnetization, with the prominent utmost point 101 of first magnetic and the prominent utmost point 102 mutual heteropole ground magnetization of second magnetic.The arrow that is represented as magnetic field magnet 106,107 is in the drawings represented the direction of magnetization separately.

The circumferencial direction arc length of the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic is set forr a short time than the circumferencial direction arc length of the first bypass magnetic pole 104; With the circumferencial direction arc length of magnetic field magnet 106 set for the circumferencial direction arc length of the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic and the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104 between the circumferencial direction arc length sum in gap equate that the relative displacement between surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and the excitation division 93 is below first magnetic is dashed forward the circumferencial direction arc length of utmost point extension 109.

Figure 11 is the part of the cutaway view of rotor shown in Figure 10, is the figure that is used to explain the principle effect of controlling to the magnetic field flux of armature side inflow.Figure 11 (a) and (b) are minimum, the maximum situation of relative displacement between presentation surface magnetic pole piece 94 and the excitation division 93 respectively, promptly, expression makes the magnetic field flux amount that flows into the armature side be respectively minimum, maximum situation.

In Figure 11 (a), the prominent utmost point extension 109 of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic with the circumferencial direction arc length of maximum in opposite directions, with the first bypass magnetic pole 104 with a part in opposite directions.The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet 106 magnetic pole flow into the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic from magnetic field forms the main magnetic circuit 111 to the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet 106 magnetic pole circulation through the prominent utmost point 101 of first magnetic, magnetic tooth 14, the prominent utmost point 102 of second magnetic, the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic, magnetic field magnet 107, cylindric magnetic core 108; Under the situation of Figure 11 (a), most of magnetic field flux flows through main magnetic circuit 111.In Figure 11 (b), the prominent utmost point extension 109 of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic with the circumferencial direction arc length of minimum in opposite directions, with the first bypass magnetic pole 104 with the circumferencial direction arc length of maximum in opposite directions.The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet 106 magnetic pole flow into the first bypass magnetic pole 104 from magnetic field constitutes the bypass magnetic circuit 112 to the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet 106 magnetic pole circulation through the prominent utmost point 10a of second magnetic, the second bypass magnetic pole 105, magnetic field magnet 107, cylindric magnetic core 108; Under the situation of Figure 11 (b), most of magnetic field flux flows through bypass magnetic circuit 112.

Come the magnetic field flux of self-magnetic field magnet 106 owing near magnetic field magnet 106, flow to direction with its end face quadrature; So be the laminar flow shape, roughly with the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104 circumferencial direction arc length separately in opposite directions pro rata to the prominent utmost point extension of first magnetic 109,104 shuntings of the first bypass magnetic pole.In the present embodiment, owing under average operating condition, set the set of data with the magnetic resistance mode about equally of main magnetic circuit 111 and bypass magnetic circuit 112, so the magnetic flux sum that flows through main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is generally certain.Want equally to set the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit 111 and the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit 112, then with the gap length between the prominent utmost point extension 10a of the first bypass magnetic circuit 104 and second magnetic and in opposite directions area adjust as the magnetic resistance adjustment member.The area in opposite directions in space part and the gapping interval of the magnetic resistance of magnetic circuit are main parameters.Main magnetic circuit 111 is between the prominent utmost point 101 of first magnetic and the magnetic tooth 14, have the space between magnetic tooth 14 and the prominent utmost point 102 of second magnetic.Though the area in opposite directions in these spaces is bigger than the area in opposite directions between the first bypass magnetic pole 104 and the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic; But; Can make the gap between the first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 10a of second magnetic become small, make main magnetic circuit 111 magnetic resistance and bypass magnetic circuit 112 magnetic resistance about equally.And then the first bypass magnetic pole 104 is owing to be made up of the big iron block of saturation flux density, so, even the first bypass magnetic pole 104 is diminished, also be difficult to magnetic saturation.

In the present embodiment, will reach the bypass magnetic circuit that does not pass through the armature side through the main magnetic circuit of armature side and be connected with magnetic field magnet side by side, the magnetic flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet carried out flow-dividing control through mechanical skew.But armature coil is wound on the main magnetic circuit, is supplied with to the magnetic loop that is made up of above-mentioned main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit by the magnetic flux of armature coil excitation certainly.Figure 36 is the loop diagram that above-mentioned magnetic loop modelling is represented, uses the structure of the dynamo-electric machine system that the Figure further illustrates present embodiment.

In Figure 36, prominent utmost point extension 362 of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 363 and magnetic field magnet 361 have connected main magnetic circuit 368 and bypass magnetic circuit 369 in opposite directions side by side on magnetic field magnet 361.The magnetic resistance of number 365 expression main magnetic circuits 368, the magnetic resistance of number 366 expression bypass magnetic circuits 369, number 367 expressions are arranged on the armature coil on the main magnetic circuit 368.The direction that number 364 expression magnetic field magnet 361 relatively squint for the unit of prominent utmost point extension 362 of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 363.

Under the situation that electric rotating machine is used as motor, correspondingly supply with drive current with the position of the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic tooth to armature coil 367, armature coil 367 makes main magnetic circuit 368 produce magnetic flux.Perhaps under situation about using as generator, correspondingly in armature coil 357, produce induced current with the position of the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic tooth, with this electric current correspondingly, the magnetic flux desire is mobile to main magnetic circuit 368.In either event, the position of induction and the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic tooth exchange flux of the high frequency band of conversion correspondingly in main magnetic circuit 368 all.Though have the characteristic that bypass magnetic circuit 369 and magnetic field magnet is connected side by side in order to carry out magnetic flux control in the present invention; But; Exchange flux by armature coil 367 inductions; As by that kind shown in the number 36a, flow through bypass magnetic circuit 369, exist the action of giving dynamo-electric machine system to bring the possibility of obstacle.

In the present embodiment; The first bypass magnetic pole 104, the second bypass magnetic pole 105 that will become the major part of bypass magnetic circuit 369 constitute by soft made of iron; Dependence is made the structure that is easy to generate eddy current losses by the prominent utmost point 101,102 of magnetic that the laminated body of silicon steel plate constitutes, make exchange flux be difficult to through.The first magnetic prominent utmost point extension 10a of utmost point extension 109, second magnetic that dashes forward is made up of the soft iron clamp dog too, make exchange flux be difficult to through.

Figure 12 is the enlarged drawing of the prominent utmost point extension 109 of the magnetic field magnet 106 shown in Figure 10 and first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104 part in opposite directions, near the magnetic flux distribution the magnetic field magnet 106 under the big situation of the magnetic resistance of the magneto resistive ratio main magnetic circuit of modular form ground expression bypass magnetic circuit.In the drawings, the direction of arrow is to suppose that the N utmost point of magnetic flux magnet 106 from magnetic field flows out the direction of expression magnetic flux flows.In the slight void 121 between magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic and the first bypass magnetic circuit 104; Prominent utmost point extension 109 of magnetic flux and magnetic field magnet and first magnetic and the first bypass magnetic circuit 104 boundary face separately be quadrature roughly; Be laminar flow shape flows; Number 122 representes to flow to prominent utmost point extension 109 inflows of first magnetic magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit typically, and number 123 representes to flow through to 104 inflows of the first bypass magnetic pole magnetic flux of bypass magnetic circuit typically.Number 124 representes from magnetic field magnet 106 to magnetic flux that the first bypass magnetic pole 104 flows into through the space part 103 between the first bypass magnetic pole 104 and the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic typically, flows into the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic and flows through the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit.Like this, if the difference between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit magnetic resistance separately is big, then exist from the bypass magnetic circuit to the main magnetic circuit leaked magnetic flux, the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit is not necessarily proportional with the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic utmost point extension 109 area in opposite directions of dashing forward.

In the present embodiment, constitute with the big mode of difference between the magnetic resistance of the magnetic resistance of the main magnetic circuit under the average operating condition of the magneto resistive ratio between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit.Because between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit is between the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104 apart from minimum; So, set the magnetic resistance between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit through the setting of the geomery between the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104.Like Figure 10, shown in Figure 12; In the position of leaving magnetic field magnet 106; The mode that increases with gap lengths is set the shape of space part 103, so that the big mode of difference between the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit under the average operating condition of the magneto resistive ratio between the prominent utmost point extension 2a of first magnetic and the first bypass magnetic pole 24 and bypass magnetic circuit is set size.Thus; Short-circuit ground leaked magnetic flux reduces between by the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic of number 124 expression and the first bypass magnetic pole 104, and magnetic flux and magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic that flows through main magnetic circuit utmost point extension 109 area in opposite directions of dashing forward is critically proportional.

The maximum of the relative displacement between surface magnetic pole piece 94 and the excitation division 93 is the circumferencial direction arc length of the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic, is the situation shown in Figure 11 (b).Though even its above side-play amount also can be carried out magnetic flux control,, the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit 111 is indefinite with the proportionate relationship of the relative displacement between surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and the excitation division 93, makes the magnetic flux control complicacy that becomes.In the present embodiment; As shown in Figure 9, by be arranged on the recess 96 on the rotor bearing body 91 and be fixed on offset-limited teat 97 on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 with the offset-limited between surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and the excitation division 93 with below the circumferencial direction arc length of the prominent utmost point extension 109 of magnetic field magnet 106 first magnetic in opposite directions.

Figure 13 amplifies the stereogram of representing with recess on the end face that is arranged on rotor bearing body 91 96 and the offset-limited teat 97 that is fixed on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92.In the figure, in recess 96, dispose offset-limited teat 97, limited the side-play amount between surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and the excitation division 93.The situation of the right side wall butt in offset-limited teat 97 and the recess 96 is corresponding with Figure 11 (a), and the situation of the left side wall butt that offset-limited teat 97 and recess 96 are interior is corresponding with Figure 11 (b).In the present embodiment; Shown in Figure 11 (a) and (b), want to make the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit 111 to increase, then make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 to dextrorotation veer relativity shift; The prominent utmost point extension 109 of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic circumferencial direction arc length is in opposite directions increased; And want to make the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit 111 to reduce, and then make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 to being rotated counterclockwise the direction relativity shift, the prominent utmost point extension 109 of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic circumferencial direction arc length is in opposite directions reduced.The relation of the increase and decrease direction of the magnetic field flux of main magnetic circuit 111 and the offset direction of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 is constant usually, can carry out magnetic flux control simply.

Use Fig. 9 that the skew control of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 is described.In the figure; Clutch plate 98 is crimped on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 by spring 99; Because interior all collateral part 9a of clutch plate 98 connect the slit portion 1c that is sticked in rotating shaft 11, so surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 and surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 are with rotating shaft 11,91 rotations of rotor bearing body.

Make under the situation of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 with respect to rotor bearing body 91 rotational offset; Make interior all collateral part 9a direction skew left of push rod 1e, sliding bar 1h and clutch plate 98 by actuator 1f; Spring 99 is shortened; Make clutch plate 98 leave surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92, make surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 and surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 become free rotation state.Simultaneously, drive current is flowed to armature coil 16, to offset direction rotation table-drive panel magnetic pole piece 94 by not shown driving loop.Surface magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 and surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 are owing to its quality under free rotation state is little, so quilt is driven drive circuit and quickens or the rotation of slowing down, with respect to excitation division 93 skews.After the skew of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 drove end, actuator 1f direction skew to the right drove push rod 1e and sliding bar 1h, by spring 99 clutch plate 98 is crimped on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92.

Under the situation of acceleration or deceleration rotor, the magnetic force of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 to the direction skew that makes the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit increase, reduce respectively appears desiring to make.Shown in figure 10; If surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 is with respect to the direction of rotation relativity shift of excitation division 93 to rotor; The mode that then increases owing to the area in opposite directions with magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point extension 109 of first magnetic has disposed surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and excitation division 93; So, can effectively utilize above-mentioned magnetic force.To acceleration or deceleration direction rotation drive surfaces magnetic pole piece 94 time, supply with drive current by the relative position control of the magnetic tooth 14 and the prominent utmost point 101 of first magnetic to armature coil 16.By known, omit the explanations such as supply method and opportunity of drive current as the driving method of motor at this.

As actuator 1f; Though be to constitute in first embodiment by stepping motor and screw mechanism,, in the present embodiment; Since only when making surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 become free rotation state left direction drive push rod 1e, so the structure that is formed by the electromagnetism solenoid is also suitable.

Present embodiment is can be in surperficial magnetic pole piece 94, and is shown in figure 10, alternately arranges the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic space part at circumferencial direction, utilizes magnet torque and reluctance torque to rotate the structure of driving rotor.Drive as the skew of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94, though can utilize magnet torque and reluctance torque the two,, hope to adjust opportunity of the drive current of supplying with to armature coil 16 with the mode of mainly utilizing reluctance torque drive surfaces magnetic pole piece 94.It is because for example for Figure 11 (b), the magnetic field flux in main magnetic circuit 111 is under near the situation zero, can not utilize the magnet torque that the skew of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 is driven the reason of mainly utilizing reluctance torque.

At electric rotating machine is under the situation of motor, want rotation and drive rotor, then with the relative position of the magnetic tooth 14 and the prominent utmost point 101 of magnetic correspondingly to supplying with appropriate current to armature coil 16.Figure 14 is that expression makes to drive currents that armature coil 16 the flows figure for the relation of the drive current phase place under the sinusoidal wave situation and magnet torque, reluctance torque.The longitudinal axis 144 expressions drive the torque of rotor, transverse axis 145 expression drive current phase places.Number 141 expression magnet torques, number 142 expression reluctance torques, the synthetic torque of number 143 expression magnet torques and torque.In the figure; Important part is; So that magnet torque 141 becomes maximum drive current phase place is benchmark, and reluctance torque 142 maximum drive current phase places are positioned at the position that has shifted to an earlier date 45 degree as electric angle, and the maximum of synthetic torque 143 is between 0 to 45 degree.Though Figure 14 has represented the situation of sine wave drive; But; Supplying with pulse current to armature coil 16 and driving under the situation of rotor, want to utilize reluctance torque, then under the situation that the phase place that makes drive current shifts to an earlier date, also do not change; The time of pulse electrifying is adjusted to the opportunity that can expect reluctance torque, serves as that the main skew that is used in surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 drives with the magnetic resistance electric current.

More than; At Fig. 9 to the electric rotating machine shown in Figure 14; As far as being illustrated through the situation that makes surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 control the magnetic flux of the electric current that flows to armature with respect to excitation division 93 relativity shifts; And then, explained to make the means and methods of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 with respect to excitation division 93 skews.Present embodiment still is the system that subtend armature mobile magnetic flux in controlling of sampling ground is controlled, and uses the control of Fig. 8 and Figure 15 explanation as dynamo-electric machine system.Fig. 8 representes to carry out the block diagram of the dynamo-electric machine system of magnetic flux control, and the skew control that Figure 15 representes to carry out surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 in sampling property ground is with the time diagram of the revolving force of control motor and the time diagram of control generating voltage.

To with electric rotating machine as motor, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, revolving force is controlled at best electric motor system describes.In the present embodiment, only when needs carry out magnetic flux control, carry out magnetic flux control and rotation drive controlling with the cycle alternate repetition of stipulating.Figure 15 is to be the moment with transverse axis 15b, and number 151 is for carrying out the time band of magnetic flux control, and number 152 is for being rotated the time band of drive controlling, the time diagram that expression sampling property ground carries out magnetic flux control.In time band by number 153 expressions, do not carry out magnetic flux control, only be rotated drive controlling.Control device 85; Rotary speed as output 83 is bigger than the value of regulation; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; Control signal 86 by the time band of number 151 expression in through actuator 1f left direction drive clutch plate 98 and make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 become free rotation state; Simultaneously by driving loop 87 to the direction opposite with direction of rotation 10c (in Figure 10 for being rotated counterclockwise direction) drive surfaces magnetic pole piece 94, in the time end of tape by number 151 expressions, driving loop 87 returns to common rotation drive actions; Actuator 1f direction to the right drives push rod 1e, and clutch plate 98 is crimped on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92.

Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature;, control signal 86, make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 become free rotation state in being with by the moment of number 151 expressions, simultaneously by driving loop 87 to direction of rotation 10c (in Figure 10, being the dextrorotation veer) drive surfaces magnetic pole piece 94 through actuator 1f direction driving left clutch plate 98; In the time end of tape by number 151 expressions; Drive loop 87 and return to common rotation drive actions, actuator 1f direction to the right drives push rod 1e, and clutch plate 98 is crimped on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92.In Figure 15, number 154 expression rotary speeies, the magnetic flux that number 155 expressions are flowed to armature was with in 151 in the time of magnetic flux control, because actuating force is to the rotor transmission, so, represented that rotary speed reduces a little, the situation that magnetic flux 155 changes.

Below explanation as generator, is carried out electric rotating machine generating voltage to be controlled to the constant voltage generator system of the voltage of regulation than low-intensity magnetic field control.Under the situation about driving that squints by the 87 pairs of surperficial magnetic pole pieces 94 in driving loop; Though can not take out generation power; But, in the present embodiment, suppose only when needs carry out magnetic flux control, to carry out magnetic flux control with the cycle of regulation; And then suppose when only left-hand tools direction squints drive surfaces magnetic pole piece 94 maximum from driving loop 87 to armature coil 16 supplying electric currents, make the time of taking out generation power.In Figure 15, transverse axis 15b representes constantly, the time band of number 151 expressions carrying out magnetic flux control.In time band, do not carry out magnetic flux control, only carried out the taking-up of generation power by number 153 expressions.

Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the generating voltage as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; Control signal 86 by the time band of number 151 expression in through actuator 1f left direction drive clutch plate 98; Make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 become free rotation state, make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 to the direction opposite (in Figure 10 for being rotated counterclockwise direction) relativity shift, in the time end of tape by number 151 expressions with direction of rotation 10c by acting on counter-force between armature and the surperficial magnetic pole piece 94; Actuator 1f direction to the right drives push rod 1e, and clutch plate 98 is crimped on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92.In Figure 15, the voltage of number 156 expression regulations, number 157 expression generating voltages, the magnetic flux that number 158 expressions are flowed to armature.Number 159 representes to make the example of magnetic flux 158 minimizings of flowing to armature, is dormant state owing to drive loop 87, so, can carry out the output of generation power, represented the situation that generating voltage 157 and magnetic flux 158 reduce pro rata.

Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; In the time band that control signal 86 is represented by number 151,, make surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 become free rotation state, by driving loop 87 surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 is driven to direction of rotation 10c (being the dextrorotation veer in Figure 10) simultaneously through actuator 1f direction driving left clutch plate 98; In the time end of tape by number 151 expressions; Actuator 1f direction to the right drives push rod 1e, and clutch plate 98 is crimped on the surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92, is stopped in driving loop 87.In Figure 15, the time band that number 15a representes is the situation that makes magnetic flux 158 increases of flowing to armature, between carving at this moment; Owing to supply with drive current to armature coil 16 by driving loop 87; So, can not carry out the output of generation power, represented the situation that generating voltage 157 is interrupted.

In the controlling of sampling of above-mentioned magnetic flux; The time of magnetic flux control is the quality of having considered movable part with 151 width; It is the quality of surperficial magnetic pole piece 94 and surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92; Also have the output of the actuator of skew, the size that in electric rotating machine, can be used in the torque that skew drives in the case waits to be set.The time of magnetic flux control is with the acceptable precision decision by the magnetic flux that flows to the armature as the object of control of cycle of 151.In fact, owing to be difficult to directly hold magnetic flux, so, according to coming seclected time with cycle of 151 with acceptable precision by the departure of the desired value of the voltage (generating voltage) of armature coil 16 inductions.

In the present embodiment, though the sampling period of magnetic flux control set with the time interval,, this also can be with the swing circle of rotor as benchmark.In the case, though the sampling period change because of the change of rotary speed,, if consider, have then that to do like this be appropriate situation from epitrochanterian coordinate system.In the case; Also can adopt following structures, that is, implement magnetic flux control in the specific circumferential locations of rotor; Substitute the actuator 1f of solenoidoperated cluthes plate 98 and use linkage, make clutch plate 98 leave surperficial magnetic pole piece supporting mass 92 at the ad-hoc location of rotor.

In the present embodiment, though as surperficial magnetic pole piece has been used the mechanism that comprises clutch plate with respect to the position holding mechanism that the position of excitation division keeps, this is an example, also can use stopper mechanism or comprise the mechanism etc. of mechanical detent.

In the present invention, the main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit that magnetic resistance are configured to about equally minimum magnetic force condition are connected with magnetic field magnet side by side, through mechanical skew, change the split ratio of the magnetic flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet, the magnetic flux that control is flowed to armature.But in the batch process stage, part dimension changes in the margin of tolerance, and magnetic resistance changes because of the electric current that flows to armature coil effectively in addition, and the magnetic resistance of two magnetic circuits departs from desirable condition, when above-mentioned skew, some magnetic force occurs.Though can not suppress fully to result from this wise that the magnetic resistance of two magnetic circuits departs from minimum magnetic force condition and the magnetic force that produces,, in the present embodiment, resisted above-mentioned magnetic force through the abundant big revolving force that utilizes electric rotating machine.

Embodiment 3

Use Figure 16 to Figure 18, the 3rd embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.The 3rd embodiment makes the structure that excitation division is squinted to circumferencial direction as movable magnetic pole piece, has used planetary gears as the skew control assembly.And then, come the mode of the skew of additive excitation portion to supply with predetermined current when excitation division squints, to produce magnetic force to armature coil, adjust the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit effectively.

Figure 16 is that expression is applicable to that with the present invention with the magnetic field portion that has been carried out permanent magnet excitation be the embodiment of the electric rotating machine of rotor-side, and rotating shaft 11 is supported on the housing 12 through bearing 13 rotationally.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment.Magnetic field portion have with magnetic tooth 14 in opposite directions surperficial magnetic pole piece 161, excitation division 162 radially; Surface magnetic pole piece 161 is fixed on the rotor bearing body 16d, and excitation division 162 is supported through minim gap between surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 and rotor bearing body 16d rotationally.

Present embodiment is still made the structure of the whole speedup rotation of rotor by rotating shaft 11, rotor bearing body 16d is supported on the rotating shaft 11 through bearing rotationally.Be fixed on central gear 163 on the rotor bearing body 16d, be fixed on gear ring 169 on the housing 12, with central gear 163 and gear ring 169 planet gear meshed 165, the planetary gear supporting frame 167 that is fixed on the rotating shaft 11 are the planetary gears that make the rotation of rotor bearing body 16d speedup by rotating shaft 11.The ratio of the rotary speed of rotor bearing body 16d and rotating shaft 11 depends on the gear ratio of gear ring 169 and central gear 163.

Make excitation division 162 also be and make the roughly the same planetary gears of rotor bearing body 16d speedup with respect to the skew control assembly of surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 and rotor bearing body 16d rotational offset.Promptly; By be fixed on central gear 164 on the excitation division 162, rotationally be supported in gear ring 16a on the housing 12, constitute with central gear 164 and gear ring 16a planet gear meshed 166, the planetary gear supporting frame 168 that is fixed on the rotating shaft 11, be the planetary gears that makes the rotation of excitation division 162 speedups by rotating shaft 11.Gear ring 169 constitutes with the mode with identical number of teeth with gear ring 16a, central gear 163 and central gear 164, planetary gear 165 and planetary gear 166 each groups.And then gear ring 16a is rotatably supported on the housing 12 by swing roller 16c, and gear ring 16a has gear in periphery, with the structure of worm gear 16b engagement.

Figure 17 representes along the armature of the F-F ' of Figure 16 and the section of rotor, for mutual relation is described, the part of structure division has been marked number represented.Therefore the structure of armature, omits explanation owing to identical with first embodiment.

In Figure 17, surperficial magnetic pole piece be with the forward surface of armature on alternately have the structure of the prominent utmost point of magnetic and set magnet at circumferencial direction.It is equivalent with magnet on magnetic on the two sides of the prominent utmost point 173 of intermediate magnetic gonosome, to have disposed the set magnet that makes the roughly the same magnet plate of the direction of magnetization 175,176, and the prominent utmost point 171,172 of magnetic and set magnet that surperficial magnetic pole piece is divided by the set magnet that has equally spaced disposed same magnetic at circumferencial direction constitute.And then the mode so that the magnetic of adjacency is magnetized with dashing forward the utmost point 171,172 mutual heteropoles is reversed the roughly circumferencial direction direction of magnetization of the set magnet of adjacency each other.The magnet plate that is configured on the prominent utmost point 171, the 172 circumferencial direction two sides separately of magnetic is a V word shape, and the angle initialization of reporting to the leadship after accomplishing a task of magnet plate becomes to be suitable for the angle of magnetic flux barrier.Be labeled in arrow on the magnet plate 175,176 and represent and the plate face of magnet plate 175,176 direction of magnetization of quadrature roughly, number 179 expression magnetic space parts, number 17a representes direction of rotation.

With a side of excitation division 162 surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 in opposite directions; Disposed at the extension of circumferencial direction with the prominent utmost point of magnetic of equal spacing configuration; And between above-mentioned extension, having disposed the bypass magnetic pole, the extension 17c of the extension 17b of the prominent utmost point 171 of first magnetic, the first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point 172 of second magnetic, the second bypass magnetic pole 105 are according to this reiteration configuration.Dash forward utmost point extension 17b, the first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 17c of second magnetic of first magnetic magnetically separates each other; The first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 17c of second magnetic dispose through minim gap, and the prominent utmost point extension 17c of second magnetic and the second bypass magnetic pole 105 combine and form continuously.Dash forward mode that utmost point extension 17b, the first bypass magnetic pole 104, the prominent utmost point extension 17c of second magnetic, the second bypass magnetic pole 105 be difficult to pass through with exchange flux of first magnetic is made up of the piece of soft iron.

The prominent utmost point extension 17b of the magnetic field magnet 106 that excitation division 162 has and first magnetic and the first bypass magnetic pole 104 in opposite directions, magnetic field magnet 107 and second magnetic are dashed forward utmost point extension 17c and the second bypass magnetic pole 105 in opposite directions, other structure is identical with second embodiment.Be identical polar ground with set magnet and excitation division the prominent utmost point 171 of magnetic is carried out the mode of excitation, set the relative position of surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 and excitation division 162.The magnet plate 175,176 that constitutes set magnet has and is used to produce magnetic field flux, simultaneously, forms the function of the magnetic flux barrier in the big zone of magnetic resistance at circumferencial direction.In the present embodiment, because can supplying with sufficient magnetic field fluxs and carry out magnetic flux and be controlled to be purpose from excitation division 162, so, from the viewpoint of magnetic flux control, become obstacle from the magnetic field flux of magnet plate 175,176.The magnetic space part 178 that is made up of the slit that is arranged in the prominent utmost point 173 of intermediate magnetic gonosome increases the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit that the magnetic flux of magnet plate 175,176 passes through, and the contribution of the magnetic field flux of magnet plate 175,176 subtend armature side flow is diminished.Thus, can make excitation division 152 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 151 rotational offset, at the magnetic flux of wide scope inner control to the armature side flow.

The structure of surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 more than has been described.The structure of excitation division 162 is structures identical with the excitation division of second embodiment 93, omits the explanation of principle of the flow-dividing control of relevant magnetic field flux at this.The prominent electrode structure of the magnetic of surface magnetic pole piece 161, shape are best shapes as far as the electric rotating machine that utilizes magnet torque and reluctance torque.

In the present embodiment, except main magnetic circuit and bypass, also will be connected side by side with magnetic field magnet 106 through the 3rd magnetic circuit of set magnet.To be that the magnetic resistance of space the 3rd magnetic circuit of calculating is set greatlyyer than the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit with magnet plate 175,176 parts.In the present embodiment, to make the magnetic resistance of magneto resistive ratio main magnetic circuit of the 3rd magnetic circuit big by being arranged on magnetic space part 178 in the prominent utmost point 173 of intermediate magnetic gonosome, the impregnable mode of magnetic flux that flows into to main magnetic circuit constitutes.

With reference to Figure 16 and Figure 18, the skew control of excitation division is described.The planetary gears that constitutes the skew control assembly of excitation division is made up of central gear 164, planetary gear 166, gear ring 16a.Planetary gear 166 is three of circumferencial direction configurations; To dispose with the mode of central gear 164 with gear ring 16a engagement; Central gear 164 is formed on the end face of excitation division 162; Planetary gear 166 is supported on the planetary gear supporting frame 168 rotationally, and planetary gear supporting frame 168 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11.Number 17a representes the direction of rotation of rotating shaft 11 and planetary gear supporting frame 168.The actuator of control gear ring is made up of the gear of the peripheral part of gear ring 16a and worm gear 16b and motor 181.Motor 181 drives the gear of the peripheral part of gear ring 16a through worm gear 16b rotation.Swing roller 16c has three, and gear ring 16a is rotatably supported on the housing 12.

Rotating shaft 11 under the static situation, makes excitation division 162 to equidirectional rotate through central gear 164 through worm gear 16b at gear ring 16a with planetary gear supporting frame 168, planetary gear 166 rotations.In the present embodiment; Though excitation division 162 be with the gear ratio of central gear 164 and gear ring 16a correspondingly with the rotary speed rotation higher than the rotary speed of rotating shaft 11; But; For surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 also rotates with identical rotary speed, the relativity shift between excitation division 162 and the surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 is constant.

If motor 181 makes gear ring 16a to being rotated counterclockwise direction (direction of rotation 17a) rotational offset through the gear of worm gear 16b, gear ring 16a periphery; Then central gear 164 slows down; Excitation division 162 to dextrorotation veer (direction opposite with direction of rotation 17a) relativity shift, reduces the magnetic flux that flows to armature with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161.If motor 181 makes gear ring 16a to dextrorotation veer (direction opposite with direction of rotation 17a) rotational offset through the gear of worm gear 16b, gear ring 16a periphery; Then central gear 164 quickens; Excitation division 162 to being rotated counterclockwise direction (direction of rotation 17a) relativity shift, increases the magnetic flux that flows to armature with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161.

Though the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit is wanted thereby change because of various,, in the present embodiment, adopted when carrying out magnetic flux control to armature coil and supplied with predetermined current and means, method that the needed power of above-mentioned skew of movable magnetic pole piece is diminished.Flow through in increase under the situation of magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit; So that the mode that rotor quickens is supplied with predetermined current to armature coil; Simultaneously, drive the control assembly that squints, under the situation of the magnetic flux that reduces to flow through main magnetic circuit to the direction of the area in opposite directions that increases prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and magnetic field magnet; So that the mode that rotor slows down is supplied with predetermined current to armature coil; Simultaneously, to the direction driving skew control assembly of the area in opposite directions that reduces prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and magnetic field magnet, the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit is controlled.At the magnetic resistance of adjusting main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit by the predetermined current that flows to armature coil; Generation makes the magnetic force of movable magnetic pole piece skew; In the structure that the skew control assembly that makes the skew of movable magnetic pole piece is assisted; The actuator that the skew control assembly has does not need excessive output, makes magnetic flux control become easy.

More than at Figure 16 in electric rotating machine shown in Figure 180, represented to be configured in the motor 181 of Stationary side through drive controlling, can to excitation division 162 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 squint control and control magnetic flux situation.Below, the block diagram of use Fig. 8 is explained control magnetic flux, and output is controlled at best dynamo-electric machine system.

To with electric rotating machine as motor, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, revolving force is controlled at best electric motor system describes.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the rotary speed as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; So that the mode that rotor slows down is supplied with predetermined current through driving loop 87 to armature coil 16; Simultaneously, through control signal 86 drive motors 181, make gear ring 16a to being rotated counterclockwise direction (direction of rotation 17a) skew; Make excitation division 162 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 to dextrorotation veer relativity shift, the prominent utmost point 171 extensions circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic is diminished.After skew control, motor 181 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 162 of skew.Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; So that the mode that rotor quickens is supplied with predetermined current through driving loop 87 to armature coil 16; Simultaneously, through control signal 86 drive motors 181, gear ring 16a is squinted to dextrorotation veer (direction opposite with direction of rotation 17a); Make excitation division 162 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 to being rotated counterclockwise the direction relativity shift, make the prominent utmost point 171 extensions of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions become big.After skew control, motor 181 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 162 of skew.

To with electric rotating machine as generator, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, the constant voltage generator system that generating voltage is controlled to be the voltage of regulation describes.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the generating voltage as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; So that the mode that rotor slows down is supplied with predetermined current through driving loop 87 to armature coil 16; Simultaneously, through control signal 86 drive motors 181, make gear ring 16a to being rotated counterclockwise direction (direction of rotation 17a) skew; Make excitation division 162 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 to dextrorotation veer relativity shift, the prominent utmost point 171 extensions circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic is diminished.After skew control, motor 181 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 162 of skew.Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; So that the mode that rotor quickens is supplied with predetermined current through driving loop 87 to armature coil 16; Simultaneously, through control signal 86 drive motors 181, gear ring 16a is squinted to dextrorotation veer (direction opposite with direction of rotation 17a); Make excitation division 162 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 161 to being rotated counterclockwise the direction relativity shift, make the prominent utmost point 171 extensions of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions become big.After skew control, motor 181 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 162 of skew.

In the present embodiment; Though the predetermined current that the magnetic resistance method of adjustment of the main magnetic circuit that adopts need be supplied with to armature coil under rigid condition or the leeway that has to a certain degree set; Exist and bring the possibility of influence for the operating condition of electric rotating machine; But having is the characteristic of simple control.Embodiment 4

Use Figure 19 to Figure 21, the 4th embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.The 4th embodiment is configured in rotor-side with armature, and the magnetic field portion of magnet excitation is configured in the Stationary side that is in a ratio of outer circumferential side with rotor.In addition, when change magnetic flux, the constant current load is connected with armature coil, adjusts the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit effectively.

Figure 19 is that expression is applicable to the embodiment that armature is configured in the electric rotating machine of rotor-side with the present invention, and rotating shaft 11 is supported on the housing 12 through bearing 13 rotationally.Armature is made up of the cylindric yoke 192, magnetic tooth 191, the armature coil 193 that are fixed on the rotor bearing body 196.Armature coil 193 tie lines become three-phase, are connected with not shown control device through slip ring (slip ring) 19a, carbon brush 19b.The magnetic field portion that is configured in Stationary side by with magnetic tooth 191 radially in opposite directions surperficial magnetic pole piece 195, also have excitation division 194 to constitute; Surface magnetic pole piece 195 is fixed on the housing 12, and excitation division 194 is supported between surperficial magnetic pole piece 195 and the housing 12 through minim gap rotationally.Number 198 expression bearings, the blank part of number 197 expression cooling air circulations, number 19c representes to be fixed on epitrochanterian cooling fan.Number 199 expression is arranged on the gear on the peripheral part of excitation division 194, and worm gear and motor not shown among this figure make excitation division 194 squint with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 195 and housing 12 through this gear 199.

Figure 20 representes along the armature of the G-G ' of Figure 19 and the cutaway view of rotor, for mutual relation is described, the part of structure division has been marked number represented.Armature is by being fixed on cylindric yoke 192 on the rotor bearing body 196, radially extending and having a plurality of magnetic teeth 191 in space and the armature coil 193 that is wound on the magnetic tooth 191 constitutes at circumferencial direction from cylindric yoke 192.Be made up of nine armature coils in the present embodiment, their tie lines become three-phase.

In Figure 20; The magnetic field portion of magnet excitation is divided into surperficial magnetic pole piece 195 and excitation division 194; In surperficial magnetic pole piece 195; With magnetic tooth 191 face in opposite directions on alternately disposed the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic space part, with the forward surface of excitation division 194 on alternately disposed magnetic dash forward utmost point extension and bypass magnetic pole at circumferencial direction.The prominent utmost point of the magnetic of adjacency is represented by number 201,202 typically, the magnetic space part is represented by number 209 typically, the bypass magnetic pole is represented by number 203 typically.

Excitation division 194 is made up of cylindric magnetic core 208 and the magnetic field magnet 206,207 that is configured on the cylindric magnetic core 208.Number 20a is the magnetic space part.Magnetic field adjacent magnet 206,207 has opposite diametrical magnetization, and the circumferencial direction arc length between them is set the circumferencial direction arc length of dashing forward between the utmost point 202 extensions with the prominent utmost point 201 extensions of magnetic, magnetic for and equated.The arrow that is shown on the exciting magnet 206,207 is represented the direction of magnetization separately.The prominent utmost point 201 extensions of magnetic field magnet 206 and magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 203 make the magnetic field flux shunting in opposite directions.Magnetic field magnet 206 constitutes with the mode that changes the ratio of area in opposite directions separately with circumferencial direction skew certain and through excitation division 194 with the prominent utmost point 201 extensions of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 203 area in opposite directions in opposite directions.Bypass magnetic pole 203 be a side end 204 through the space 205 with cylindric magnetic core 208 structure in opposite directions.

Magnetic field magnet 206, the prominent utmost point 201 of magnetic, magnetic tooth 191, the prominent utmost point 202 of magnetic, magnetic field magnet 207, cylindric magnetic core 208 have constituted the main magnetic circuit of magnetic field flux, and magnetic field magnet 206, bypass magnetic pole 203, space 205, cylindric magnetic core 208 have formed the bypass magnetic circuit of magnetic field flux.Owing in the bypass magnetic circuit, only comprise magnetic field magnet 206; In main magnetic circuit, comprise magnetic field magnet 206,207 with the mode that is connected in series; So the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit is set area in opposite directions in the space 205 and gap lengths with the medium-sized mode than the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit as the magnetic resistance adjustment member.It is the minimum magnetic force condition in the present embodiment that half of the magnetic resistance of the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit and main magnetic circuit equally set; Even because through making excitation division 194 skews change the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit; Come the magnetic field flux total amount of self-magnetic field magnet 206 also constant; So, the magnetic force of the skew that hinders excitation division 194 is diminished.Because the constant current that is connected with armature coil load is the means of adjusting in the direction of the magnetic resistance increase that makes main magnetic circuit, so, as above-mentioned, set the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit.

Use Figure 19 and Figure 21, structure and method that excitation division 194 is squinted and controls with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 195 are described.Figure 21 representes the vertical view of housing 12, excitation division 194, surperficial magnetic pole piece 195, and expression worm gear 211 and rotation drive the stepping motor 212 of worm gear 211.Worm gear 211 has been made and the structure that is arranged on by gear 199 engagements of the periphery of excitation division shown in Figure 19 194.Because if excitation division 194 is squinted in Figure 20 to the dextrorotation veer by stepping motor 212, worm gear 211, gear 199; Then the prominent utmost point 201 extensions of magnetic and magnetic field magnet 206 circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions increase, so, the magnetic flux in the main magnetic circuit is increased; Because if make excitation division 194 to being rotated counterclockwise the direction skew; Then the prominent utmost point 201 extensions of magnetic and magnetic field magnet 206 circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions reduce, so, the magnetic flux in the main magnetic circuit is reduced.

Though the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit is wanted thereby change because of various,, in the present embodiment, as following, carry out magnetic flux control and come corresponding on the running discontinuous property ground of electric rotating machine.At electric rotating machine is under the situation of generator, and the voltage of the direction of the flux change of induction obstruction interlinkage flows with the corresponding electric current of load impedance in armature coil, and the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit increases effectively.Set the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit littler than minimum magnetic force condition; Behind the assembling electric rotating machine; For the magnetic resistance that makes main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit equates with minimum magnetic force condition, detect the constant current load that is connected with armature coil, be stored in the electric rotating machine as setting or control data.Thus, can adjust the magnetic resistance deviation of each main magnetic circuit of electric rotating machine.When the skew control of carrying out movable magnetic pole piece, the constant current load is connected with armature coil, through induced voltage predetermined current is flowed, the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit is adjusted to the direction that increases, simultaneously, the drive actions actuator makes movable magnetic pole piece skew.The means that realize the constant current load have the whole bag of tricks, have through the induced voltage of armature coil being controlled so that predetermined current flows through the constant current loop of armature coil, or have the load etc. of the specified impedance that each rotating speed is confirmed.In the present embodiment, used constant current loop (not shown).

More than, to electric rotating machine shown in Figure 21, represented to make excitation division 194 at Figure 19 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 195 skews, control is to the situation of the mobile magnetic flux of armature.Below, the block diagram of use Fig. 8 explains that control magnetic flux is controlled at best dynamo-electric machine system with output.

To with electric rotating machine as motor, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, revolving force is controlled at best electric motor system describes.The constant current load is adjusted the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit along with the deceleration of rotor effectively to the direction that increases, magnetic flux control is carried out by following step.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the rotary speed as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; So that constant current loop (not shown) is connected with armature coil 193, make predetermined current flow to armature coil 193 through induced voltage, the mode that makes the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit become minimum magnetic force condition is effectively adjusted; Simultaneously; Through control signal 86 drive stepping motor 212, excitation division 194 is squinted to being rotated counterclockwise direction in Figure 20, dwindle magnetic field magnet 206 and the prominent utmost point 201 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, stepping motor 212 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 194 of skew.Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; Stop energising to armature coil 193; Through control signal 86 drive stepping motor 212, excitation division 194 increases magnetic field magnet 206 and the prominent utmost point 201 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic to the skew of dextrorotation veer.After skew control, stepping motor 212 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 194 of skew.

To with electric rotating machine as generator, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, the constant voltage generator system that generating voltage is controlled to the voltage of regulation describes.The constant current load is accompanied by the deceleration of rotor, and the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit is adjusted to the direction that increases effectively, and magnetic flux control is carried out by following step.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the generating voltage as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; So that constant current loop (not shown) is connected with armature coil 193, make predetermined current flow to armature coil 193 through induced voltage, the mode that makes the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit become minimum magnetic force condition is effectively adjusted; Simultaneously; Through control signal 86 drive stepping motor 212, excitation division 194 is squinted to being rotated counterclockwise direction in Figure 20, dwindle the prominent utmost point 201 extensions area in opposite directions of the magnetic field magnet 206 and first magnetic.After skew control, stepping motor 212 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 194 of skew.Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; Big impedance load is connected with armature coil 193, mobile electric current is diminished, through control signal 86 drive stepping motor 212; Make excitation division 194 to the skew of dextrorotation veer, increase the prominent utmost point 201 extensions area in opposite directions of the magnetic field magnet 206 and first magnetic.After skew control, stepping motor 212 is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 194 of skew.

In the control of said system; Under the situation that magnetic flux is increased; The constant current loop is not connected with armature coil 193, but will be used for auxiliary to movable magnetic pole piece skew owing to the little magnetic force that occurs of twice of the magnetic resistance of the magneto resistive ratio bypass magnetic circuit of main magnetic circuit.

Because the magnetic resistance of the main magnetic circuit that adopts in the present embodiment adjustment assembly is accompanied by the deceleration of electric rotating machine, so, under the situation of carrying out magnetic flux control for a long time continuously, exist and bring the possibility of influence for the running of electric rotating machine.But, under common operating condition, because the change of the variation of rotary speed and magnetic flux control also all is to carry out continuously, so, do not become big problem.In addition, estimating, under the big situation of the magnetic resistance change rate of main magnetic circuit, obtaining structure or the structure that obtains from Image Data of correction conditions of the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit with adopting the study property because the time changes or variations in temperature.

Image Data make by following mode.In the running of electric rotating machine, the parameter that makes the magnetic resistance change of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit mainly is the deviation post of the electric current that flows to armature coil, rotary speed, temperature, movable magnetic pole piece etc.Represent the parameter of these operation conditions and tie up to from the pass of the variation of the initial setting condition of the constant current loading condiction of the best in the electric rotating machine of same design and can infer based on statistics.Behind the assembling electric rotating machine, make the Image Data between the parameter of best constant current loading condiction of expression and operation condition and set.

Embodiment 5

Use Figure 22 to Figure 24, the 5th embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.The 5th embodiment is the dynamo-electric machine system of radial gap structure, makes excitation division to circumferencial direction skew control, and control flows is crossed the magnetic flux of armature.In addition, have the magnetic resistance that is configured in the bypass magnetic circuit to mode and adjust the assembly of adjusting the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit with the coil supplying electric current with coiling.

Figure 22 is the embodiment that representes the present invention is applicable to the electric rotating machine of radial gap structure, and rotating shaft 11 is supported on the housing 12 through bearing 13 rotationally.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment.The magnetic field portion of rotor by with magnetic tooth 14 radially in opposite directions surperficial magnetic pole piece 221, constitute with surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 excitation division 222 in opposite directions, excitation division 222 and rotor bearing body 91 and surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 are supported through minim gap rotationally.Bypass magnetic pole extension 223 is with after circular magnetic core 224 combines, with the outer circumference side edge face of C word shape magnetic core 226 through the space in opposite directions, the extension 225 of the cylindric magnetic core of excitation division 222 is through interior all side end faces of space and C word shape magnetic core 226 in opposite directions.C word shape magnetic core 226 be the cross section be C word shape, around the magnetic core of rotating shaft 11, be fixed on the housing 12.On C word shape magnetic core 226, also adjust with coil 227 with the magnetic resistance of having reeled around the mode of rotating shaft 11.

Make excitation division 222 to the skew control assembly of circumferencial direction skew by free sliding be configured in rotating shaft 11 peripheries sleeve cylindraceous 229, spring 22b, be arranged on oblique groove 22a on the rotating shaft 11, push rod 1e, sliding bar 1h, the actuator 1f that is fixed on the housing 12 constitutes.Number 228 expression excitation division supporting masses.

Figure 23 representes along the armature of the H-H ' of Figure 22 and the section of rotor, for mutual relation is described, the part of structure division has been marked number represented.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment, omits explanation.

In Figure 23, the magnetic field portion of rotor is divided into surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 and excitation division 222, disposes through minim gap.Surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 and magnetic tooth 14 between forward surface on clip the magnetic space part at circumferencial direction uniformly-spaced to dispose the prominent utmost point of magnetic; The prominent utmost point of the magnetic of adjacency is represented the magnetic space part by the prominent utmost point 231 of first magnetic, the prominent utmost point 232 representatives of second magnetic by number 233.With excitation division 222 surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 1 sides in opposite directions, the configuration times without number in this order of the extension of the extension 234 of the prominent utmost point 231 of first magnetic, bypass magnetic pole 235, the prominent utmost point 232 of second magnetic.Excitation division 222 is made up of the magnetic field magnet 106 that is fixed on the cylindric magnetic core 108 on the excitation division supporting mass 228 and be configured on the cylindric magnetic core 108.Prominent utmost point extension 234 of the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 235 in opposite directions, the direction of magnetization is for radially.The arrow that is shown on the magnetic field magnet 106 is represented the direction of magnetization.

Though excitation division 222 and similar with second embodiment with the structure of excitation division 222 surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 1 sides in opposite directions, some difference.That is, be that magnetic field magnet 107 is removed, the prominent utmost point 232 of second magnetic prolongs at internal diameter direction, through minim gap and cylindric magnetic core 108 structure in opposite directions.On the prominent utmost point 232 of second magnetic, do not dispose the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency.And then bypass magnetic pole 235 is used as by bypass magnetic pole extension 223 shown in Figure 22 at axially-extending, with after circular magnetic core 224 combines, with the outer circumference side edge face of C word shape magnetic core 226 through the space in opposite directions.Because the magnetic flux from bypass magnetic pole extension 223 is disperseed at circumferencial direction in circular magnetic core 224, the outer circumference side edge face with C word shape magnetic core 226 magnetically combines then, so, do not worry the generation of eddy current losses.And then cylindric magnetic core 108, magnetically combines through the space with interior all side end faces of C word shape magnetic core 226 as by extension shown in Figure 22 225 at axially-extending.

Therefore; The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet 106 magnetic pole flows into to the prominent utmost point extension 234 of first magnetic from magnetic field forms through the prominent utmost point 231 of first magnetic, magnetic tooth 14, the prominent utmost point 232 of second magnetic, cylindric magnetic core 18 main magnetic circuit to the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet 106 magnetic pole circulation; Simultaneously, with the prominent utmost point 231, the 232 mutual heteropole ground magnetization of the magnetic of adjacency.The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet 106 magnetic pole flows into to bypass magnetic pole 235 from magnetic field forms through bypass magnetic pole extension 223, circular magnetic core 224, C word shape magnetic core 226, cylindric magnetic core extension 225, the cylindric magnetic core 108 bypass magnetic circuit to the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet 106 magnetic pole circulation.

In the present embodiment; With the minim gap length between C word shape magnetic core 226 and circular magnetic core 224, the cylindric magnetic core extension 225 as the magnetic resistance adjustment member; Under average operating condition, with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit set for the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit about equally.Owing to come the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet 106 to cross bypass magnetic pole 235, so bypass magnetic pole 225 is big by magnetic flux density, constitute as the piece of isotropic soft iron in axial flow.Constituting by the piece of same soft iron in the excitation division 222 with the prominent utmost point extension 234 of magnetic field magnet 106 first magnetic in opposite directions, bypass magnetic pole 235; And then; Cylindric magnetic core 108 is made up of same soft iron; Through the prominent utmost point 231,232 of magnetic that the laminated body by silicon steel plate constitutes, set average conductance high.According to this structure, exchange flux is configured to be difficult to the prominent utmost point extension 234 of magnetropism body, 108 circulations of cylindric magnetic core.

The circumferencial direction arc length of magnetic field magnet 106 set for the circumferencial direction arc length of the prominent utmost point extension 234 of first magnetic and the prominent utmost point extension 234 of first magnetic, bypass magnetic pole 235 between the gap the circumferencial direction arc length and equate; Usually limit the side-play amount of excitation division 222 with the prominent utmost point extension 234 of first magnetic, bypass magnetic pole 235 mode in opposite directions with magnetic field magnet 106, the dash forward area in opposite directions of utmost point extension 234 of the magnetic flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet 106 and the magnetic field magnet 106 and first magnetic is shunted to main magnetic circuit pro rata.

If the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit is wanted thereby change because of various, the difference of the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit increases, and then the magnetic flux short circuit amount between the magnetic circuit increases, and hinders the magnetic force of excitation division 222 skews to increase.In the present embodiment, the electric current that control is flowed with coil 227 to the magnetic resistance adjustment that is wound on the bypass magnetic circuit, the difference of the magneto resistive ratio main magnetic circuit between common two magnetic circuits and the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit is big.Though magnetic resistance adjustment is wound on the C word shape magnetic core 226 with the mode around rotating shaft 11 with coil 227 is shown in figure 22; But; Because the bypass magnetic circuit has the outer circumference side edge face of C font magnetic core 226 and the gap of interior all side end faces in its part; So magnetic resistance adjustment is with the coil 227 bypass magnetic circuit of reeling.In the running of electric rotating machine, the parameter that makes the magnetic resistance change of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit mainly is the deviation post of the electric current that flows to armature coil, rotary speed, temperature, movable magnetic pole piece etc.Represent the parameter of these operation conditions and tie up to from the pass of the variation of the initial setting condition of the electric current of the best in the electric rotating machine of same design and can infer based on statistics.Behind the assembling electric rotating machine; The Image Data that make between the parameter of representing best electric current and operation condition are set; Correspondingly obtain best electric current with the operating condition of electric rotating machine from Image Data; Supply with to magnetic resistance adjustment coil 227, with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit be adjusted to effectively with the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit about equally.

Through making excitation division 222, can control the magnetic field flux that flows between the prominent utmost point 231 of magnetropism body, the magnetic tooth 14 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 rotational offset relatively.In the present embodiment, the skew of excitation division 222 control uses Figure 22 and mechanism shown in Figure 24 to carry out.Below, use Figure 22 and Figure 24 that the action of skew control is described.The stereogram of Figure 24 (a) expression sleeve 229, the stereogram of Figure 24 (b) expression rotating shaft 11.

Figure 22 and skew control assembly shown in Figure 24 by free sliding be configured in rotating shaft 11 peripheries sleeve cylindraceous 229, spring 22b, be arranged on oblique groove 22a on the rotating shaft 11, push rod 1e, sliding bar 1h, the actuator 1f that is fixed on the housing 12 constitutes.Oblique groove 22a is the structure of extending and running through hollow part 1d on the axioversion ground of rotating shaft 11, is fixed on pin 242 on the sleeve 229 and connects with oblique groove 22a and engage.And then, have concavity groove 241 in the periphery of sleeve 229, engage slidably by excitation division supporting mass 228, between rotating shaft 11 and excitation division supporting mass 228, transmit revolving force.Spring 22b loads with the right-hand mode to pushes against sleeve 229 to this figure, and push rod 1e and sliding bar 1h contact with pin 242, and direction is to sleeve 229 loadings left in the figure by actuator 1f, and both power stops at the axial location of balance.Direction is to the power of sleeve 229 loadings left for control action actuator 1f, and drive sleeve 229 to the left and right, and pin 242 is squinted to circumferencial direction by the oblique groove 22a that connect engaging, and excitation division supporting mass 228 and excitation division 222 are squinted to circumferencial direction.Actuator 1f also uses stepping motor and screw mechanism, even made the structure that under the situation of drive stepping motor not, also can keep the axial location of push rod 1e.

More than at Figure 22 to the electric rotating machine shown in Figure 24, represented can make excitation division 222 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 221 skews through drive controlling actuator 1f, control flows is crossed the situation of the magnetic field flux amount of main magnetic circuit.Below use the block diagram illustrations control flows of Fig. 8 to cross the magnetic field flux amount of main magnetic circuit and output is controlled at best dynamo-electric machine system.

Explanation as motor, is carried out electric rotating machine than low-intensity magnetic field control revolving force to be controlled at best electric motor system.Control device 85; Rotary speed as output 83 is bigger than the value of regulation; Make the magnetic field flux quantitative change hour in the main magnetic circuit; Control signal 86 makes excitation division 222 to dextrorotation veer (Figure 23) rotational offset through actuator 1f direction driving to the right sliding bar 1h, and the prominent utmost point extension 234 circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet 106 and magnetic is diminished.After the side-play amount of excitation division 222 had reached target, actuator 1f just remained on sliding bar 1h the position of skew.Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation; When making magnetic field flux quantitative change in the main magnetic circuit big; Control signal 86 is through actuator 1f direction driving left sliding bar 1h; Make excitation division 222 to being rotated counterclockwise direction (Figure 23) rotational offset, make the prominent utmost point extension 234 of magnetic field magnet 106 and magnetic circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions become big.After the side-play amount of excitation division 222 had reached target, actuator 1f just remained on sliding bar 1h the position of skew.

Explanation as generator, is carried out electric rotating machine generating voltage to be controlled to be the constant voltage generator system of the voltage of regulation than low-intensity magnetic field control.Control device 85; Generating voltage as output 83 is bigger than the value of regulation; When magnetic flux in the main magnetic circuit is diminished; Control signal 86 makes excitation division 222 to dextrorotation veer (Figure 23) rotational offset through actuator 1f direction driving to the right sliding bar 1h, and the prominent utmost point extension 234 circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet 106 and magnetic is diminished.After the side-play amount of excitation division 222 had reached target, actuator 1f just remained on sliding bar 1h the position of skew.Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation; When making magnetic field flux in the main magnetic circuit become big; Control signal 86 is through actuator 1f direction driving left sliding bar 1h; Make excitation division 222 to being rotated counterclockwise direction (Figure 23) rotational offset, make the prominent utmost point extension 234 of magnetic field magnet 106 and magnetic circumferencial direction arc length in opposite directions become big.After the side-play amount of excitation division 222 had reached target, actuator 1f just remained on sliding bar 1h the position of skew.

In the present embodiment; Though make the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit meet minimum magnetic force condition usually with coil 227 by the magnetic resistance adjustment; But; Also can be only to make the magnetic field flux quantitative change of flowing through main magnetic circuit more the time, with coil 227 supplying electric currents, suppress the control of power consumption to the magnetic resistance adjustment.As one man select to control the method for best magnetic flux with the specification of dynamo-electric machine system.Embodiment 6

Use Figure 25 to Figure 27, the 6th embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.The 6th embodiment is to be movable magnetic pole piece to the circumferencial direction control of squinting with excitation division, and control flows is crossed the magnetic flux of armature.Have the assembly of the magnetic resistance of semifixed property ground adjustment bypass magnetic circuit, when the skew control of excitation division, supply with predetermined current, produce magnetic force, the skew of additive excitation portion to armature coil.

Figure 25 is the embodiment that representes the present invention is applicable to the electric rotating machine of radial gap structure, and rotating shaft 11 is supported on the housing 12 through bearing 13 rotationally.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment.The magnetic field portion of rotor have with magnetic tooth 14 in opposite directions surperficial magnetic pole piece 251, excitation division 252 radially, excitation division 252 and rotor bearing body 256 and surperficial magnetic pole piece 251 are supported through minim gap is rotatable.Bypass magnetic pole extension 253 and circular magnetic core 254 through minim gap in opposite directions, circular magnetic core 254 by screw mechanism 255 semifixed property be fixed on the rotor bearing body 256.

Make excitation division 252 to the skew control assembly of circumferencial direction skew by free sliding be configured in rotating shaft 11 peripheries sleeve cylindraceous 229, spring 22b, be arranged on oblique groove 22a, push rod 1e, sliding bar 1h on the rotating shaft 11, be fixed on actuator 1f on the housing 12 etc. and constitute.Number 228 expression excitation division supporting masses.

Figure 26 representes along the armature of the I-I ' of Figure 25 and the section of rotor, for mutual relation is described, the part of structure division has been marked number represented.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment, omits explanation.

In Figure 26, the magnetic field portion of rotor is divided into surperficial magnetic pole piece 251 and excitation division 252.With the face of magnetic tooth 14 surperficial magnetic pole piece 251 in opposite directions on disposed at circumferencial direction with the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of uniformly-spaced configuration and magnetic space part; With the face of excitation division 252 surperficial magnetic pole piece 251 in opposite directions on, alternately disposed prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and bypass magnetic pole.The prominent utmost point of the magnetic of adjacency is represented by number 261,262 typically, the magnetic space part is represented by number 263 typically, the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency is represented by number 264,265 typically.

Excitation division 252 has and is fixed on the cylindric magnetic core 108 on the excitation division supporting mass 228 and is configured in the magnetic field magnet 106,107 on the cylindric magnetic core 108.Number 10b is the magnetic space part.The prominent utmost point 261 extensions of magnetic field magnet 106 and magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 264 are in opposite directions; Magnetic field magnet 107 is usually to dispose with the dash forward utmost point 262 extensions and bypass magnetic pole 265 mode in opposite directions of magnetic; The magnetic field magnet 106,107 of adjacency has opposite diametrical magnetization, with the prominent utmost point 261, the 262 mutual heteropole ground magnetization of the magnetic of adjacency.The arrow that is shown on the magnetic field magnet 106,107 is represented the direction of magnetization.

The dash forward circumferencial direction arc length of the utmost point 261 extensions, bypass magnetic pole 264 of magnetic is set for equal; With the circumferencial direction arc length of magnetic field magnet 106 set for the circumferencial direction arc length of the prominent utmost point 261 extensions of magnetic and the prominent utmost point 261 extensions of magnetic, bypass magnetic pole 264 between the gap the circumferencial direction arc length and equate that the side-play amount of excitation division 252 is below magnetic is dashed forward the circumferencial direction arc length of the utmost point 261 extensions.

Bypass magnetic pole 264,265 as representing as bypass magnetic pole extension 253 (represent typically bypass magnetic pole 264,265 to axial extension) among Figure 25 constituting, in opposite directions through minim gap and circular magnetic core 254 to the outstanding mode in the end of rotor.Figure 27 is the exploded perspective view that is used to represent the relation of circular magnetic core 254 and bypass magnetic pole extension 253, in order to judge easily, to make circular magnetic core 254 leave rotor 271 and representes.The magnetic flux that the prominent utmost point 261 extensions of one side's of magnet 106 magnetic pole magnetropism body flow into from magnetic field has formed main magnetic circuit through the prominent utmost point 261 of magnetic, magnetic tooth 14, the prominent utmost point 262 of magnetic, magnetic field magnet 107, the cylindric magnetic core 108 magnetic pole circulation to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet 106.The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet 106 magnetic pole flows into to bypass magnetic pole 264 from magnetic field has formed the bypass magnetic circuit through circular magnetic core 254, bypass magnetic pole 265, magnetic field magnet 107, the cylindric magnetic core 108 magnetic pole circulation to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet 106.Minim gap length between adjustment bypass magnetic pole extension 253 and the circular magnetic core 254, with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit be set at the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit about equally.Because the magnetic flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet 106,107 in axial flow, so bypass magnetic pole 254,265 is big by magnetic flux density, constitutes as the piece of isotropic soft iron in bypass magnetic pole 264,265.

In the present embodiment; Though the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit through the minim gap length setting between adjustment bypass magnetic pole extension 253 and the circular magnetic core 254 become with the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit about equally; But, circular magnetic core 254 by semifixed property be installed on the rotor bearing body 256.Promptly; Circular magnetic core 254 is installed on the rotor bearing body 256 by the screw mechanism of representing with number 255; Through making circular magnetic core 254, can adjust the minim gap length between bypass magnetic pole extension 253 and the circular magnetic core 254 with respect to 256 rotations of rotor bearing body.In the present embodiment; Made following structure, that is, and with after the assembling of rotor and armature; With the minim gap length between bypass magnetic pole extension 253 and the circular magnetic core 254 as the magnetic resistance adjustment member; Set the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit for main magnetic circuit magnetic resistance mode about equally, adjust the axial location of circular magnetic core 254, through clamping rings shape magnetic cores 254 such as welding, bonding or screw.

Be accompanied by the relativity shift between surperficial magnetic pole piece 251 and the excitation division 252; The area change in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point 261 extensions of magnetic, bypass magnetic pole 264; Because it is area in opposite directions separately and certain; So, come the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet 106 and above-mentioned area in opposite directions to shunt to main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit pro rata.At this moment, owing to the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is set for about equally, so, come the total magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet 106 roughly certain, suppress the magnetic force that hinders above-mentioned relativity shift little.

To through making excitation division 252 with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece 251 rotational offset relatively; Can control the magnetic field flux that flows between the prominent utmost point 261 of magnetropism body, the magnetic tooth 14; At this moment, the situation that suppresses the magnetic force that hinders rotational offset little is illustrated.The skew control assembly and the skew control assembly shown in the 5th embodiment of excitation division 252 are same structure, omit explanation once more.

Though the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is set for about equally through the magnetic resistance of adjustment bypass magnetic circuit in electric rotating machine assembling back,, owing to operating condition along with change of time or electric rotating machine, the change of the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit.In the present embodiment, adopted when control with the mode of the magnetic force that produces the direction that the above-mentioned skew of movable magnetic pole piece is assisted to the armature coil supplying electric current, make little means, the method for the needed power of skew.Flow through in increase under the situation of magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit; To depart from the electric current of minimum magnetic force electric current ormal weight supplies with to armature coil in the direction that rotor is quickened; Simultaneously, drive the control assembly that squints, and flow through in minimizing under the situation of magnetic field flux amount of main magnetic circuit to the direction of the area in opposite directions that increases prominent utmost point extension of magnetic and magnetic field magnet; To depart from the electric current of minimum magnetic force electric current ormal weight supplies with to armature coil in the direction that rotor is slowed down; Simultaneously, drive the control assembly that squints to the direction of the area in opposite directions of prominent utmost point extension of the body that deperms and magnetic field magnet, control flows is crossed the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit.As the structure that is produced the magnetic force that the skew control assembly is assisted by the electric current that flows to armature coil, the skew control assembly does not need excessive actuator, makes magnetic flux control become easy.

So that the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit equates the minimum magnetic force electric current that the mode of (minimum magnetic force condition) is supplied with to armature coil effectively, correspondingly obtain from Image Data with the operating condition of electric rotating machine.In the running of electric rotating machine, the parameter that makes the magnetic resistance change of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit mainly is the deviation post, rotary speed of temperature, movable magnetic pole piece etc.Represent the parameter of these operation conditions and tie up to from the pass of the variation of the initial setting of minimum magnetic force electric current in the electric rotating machine of same design and can infer based on statistics.The assembling electric rotating machine after, make minimum magnetic force electric current and the expression operation condition parameter between Image Data set.

More than represented at Figure 25 to electric rotating machine shown in Figure 27, can excitation division squinted with respect to surperficial magnetic pole piece through actuator 1f and control the situation of magnetic flux.Below use the block diagram illustrations control magnetic flux of Fig. 8 that output is controlled at best dynamo-electric machine system.

Explanation as motor, is carried out electric rotating machine than low-intensity magnetic field control revolving force to be controlled at best electric motor system.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the rotary speed as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; To depart from the electric current of minimum magnetic force electric current scheduled volume in the direction that rotor is slowed down and supply with to armature coil 16, simultaneously, by control signal 86 through actuator 1f to the right direction drive sliding bar 1h; Make excitation division 252 in Figure 26 to dextrorotation veer rotational offset, reduce magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point 261 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 252 of skew.Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; To depart from the electric current of minimum magnetic force electric current scheduled volume in the direction that rotor is quickened and supply with to armature coil 16, simultaneously, by control signal 86 through actuator 1f left direction drive sliding bar 1h; Make excitation division 252 to being rotated counterclockwise the direction rotational offset, increase magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point 261 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 252 of skew.

Explanation as generator, is carried out electric rotating machine generating voltage to be controlled to the constant voltage generator system of the voltage of regulation than low-intensity magnetic field control.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the generating voltage as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; To depart from the electric current of minimum magnetic force electric current scheduled volume in the direction that rotor is slowed down and supply with to armature coil 16, simultaneously, by control signal 86 through actuator 1f to the right direction drive sliding bar 1h; Make excitation division 252 in Figure 26 to dextrorotation veer rotational offset, reduce magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point 261 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 252 of skew.Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation; When making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big to armature; To depart from the electric current of minimum magnetic force electric current scheduled volume in the direction that rotor is quickened and supply with to armature coil 16, simultaneously, by control signal 86 through actuator 1f left direction drive sliding bar 1h; Make excitation division 252 to being rotated counterclockwise the direction rotational offset, increase magnetic field magnet 106 and the prominent utmost point 261 extensions area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of the excitation division 252 of skew.

Embodiment 7

Use Figure 28 to Figure 31, the 7th embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.The 7th embodiment be with the face of circumferencial direction quadrature in to the excitation division control of squinting, be controlled at the magnetic flux that armature flows.In addition, has the assembly that the interior gap lengths of adjustment bypass magnetic circuit is adjusted the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit.

Figure 28 is the embodiment that representes the present invention is applicable to the electric rotating machine of radial gap structure, and rotating shaft 11 is supported in housing 12 rotationally through bearing 13.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment.Rotor has the surperficial magnetic pole piece that is fixed on the rotor bearing body 288 281 and the excitation division that is configured in the surperficial magnetic pole piece 281, and excitation division is to constitute as movable magnetic pole piece magnetic field magnet 282 and support 283 in the mode with the face bias internal of circumferencial direction quadrature.Bypass magnetic pole extension 289 and circular magnetic core 28a through minim gap in opposite directions, circular magnetic core 28a is supported on the magnetic core supporting mass 28b that is fixed on the housing 12 by screw mechanism, is through making the structure of circular magnetic core 28a rotation to axial dipole field.Disposed leading screw in circular magnetic core 28a periphery, it disposes with the mode with worm gear 28c engagement.To excitation division squint the assembly of control by the turning arm of representing with number 286,287, sliding panel 284, connecting rod 285, spring 19, be arranged on slit 1c on the rotating shaft 11, push rod 1e, sliding bar 1h, the actuator 1f that is fixed on the housing 12 constitutes.Number 1j representes load unit.

Figure 29 representes along the armature of the J-J ' of Figure 28 and the section of rotor, for mutual relation is described, the part of structure division has been marked number represented.The structure of armature is identical with first embodiment, omits explanation.

In Figure 29, surperficial magnetic pole piece 281 constitutes through dividing same magnetic by the permanent magnet that equally spaced disposes at circumferencial direction, is represented the prominent utmost point of magnetic of adjacency typically and is represented permanent magnet typically by number 293 by number 291,292.And then, be magnetized to the mode of different each other directions with the prominent utmost point 291,292 of the magnetic of adjacency, the roughly circumferencial direction direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet 293 of adjacency is reversed each other.The arrow that is documented in the permanent magnet 293 is represented the direction of magnetization.The prominent utmost point 291,292 of magnetic has the extension 294,295 of inside Zhou Fangxiang respectively, on extension separately, has disposed bypass magnetic pole 296,297.Magnetic field magnet 282 with circumferencial direction direction of magnetization is configured between the extension 295 of extension 294 and the prominent utmost point 292 of magnetic of the prominent utmost point 291 of magnetic of adjacency slidably and the bypass magnetic pole 296 of adjacency, between 297.And then, the scope radially of magnetic field magnet 282 skew by around size with magnetic field magnet 282 usually with magnetic dash forward utmost point extension 294 and bypass magnetic pole 296 respectively in opposite directions mode limit.

In the present embodiment, magnetic field magnet 282 and support thereof 283 constitutes excitation divisions, becomes the mode of the identical direction of magnetization to set the configuration of surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division the prominent utmost point 291,292 excitations of magnetic respectively with permanent magnet 293 and excitation division.Under situation in contrast to this, permanent magnet 293 constitutes with magnetic field magnet 282 and closes magnetic loop, when the skew control of excitation division, produces the big magnetic force that becomes obstruction, makes the accurate control difficulty that becomes.Dash forward mode that the prominent utmost point extension 295 of utmost point extension 294, magnetic is difficult to pass through with exchange flux of magnetic constitutes by comparing the big soft iron clamp dog of average conductance with the prominent utmost point 291,292 of magnetic that laminated body by silicon steel plate constitutes.

Figure 30 is near the figure that has amplified the magnetic field magnet 282, and the mobile of magnetic flux be described.Permanent magnet 293 is magnetized to the N utmost point with the prominent utmost point 291 of magnetic, and the prominent utmost point 292 of magnetic is magnetized to the S utmost point, and is mobile along the magnetic circuit of being represented by number 301 from their magnetic flux.Magnetic field magnet 282 is also same with permanent magnet 293; The prominent utmost point 291 of magnetic is magnetized to the N utmost point; The prominent utmost point 292 of magnetic is magnetized to the S utmost point, the magnetic flux that the prominent utmost point extension 294 of magnetropism body flows into along by the main magnetic circuit of number 302 expressions through the prominent utmost point 292 of the magnetic of not shown magnetic tooth 14, adjacency to magnetic field magnet 282 circulation.In addition, the magnetic flux that magnet 282 flows into to bypass magnetic pole 296 from magnetic field along by the bypass magnetic circuit of number 303 expressions through not shown bypass magnetic pole extension 289, circular magnetic core 28a, the bypass magnetic pole 297 through adjacency is to magnetic field magnet 282 circulation.Number 283 is supports of magnetic field magnet 282, is made up of nonmagnetic stainless steel.

Magnetic field magnet 282 limits with dash forward utmost point extension 294 and bypass magnetic pole 296 mode in opposite directions of magnetic with magnetic field magnet 282 to radially skew usually.Therefore, prominent utmost point extension 294 of magnetic field magnet 282 and magnetic and bypass magnetic pole 296 difference area in opposite directions and certain, area in opposite directions separately changes because of the radial deflection of magnetic field magnet 282, and the magnetic flux of shunting to main magnetic circuit is changed.And then, under the magnetic resistance situation about equally of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit, come the magnetic flux total amount of self-magnetic field magnet 282 certain, suppress the magnetic force of the radial deflection that hinders magnetic field magnet 282 little.

In the present embodiment, except main magnetic circuit with also have the 3rd magnetic circuit to be connected side by side the bypass with magnetic field magnet 282 through permanent magnet 293.To be that the magnetic resistance of space the 3rd magnetic circuit of calculating is set for bigger than the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit with permanent magnet 293 parts.In the present embodiment, make the length of permanent magnet 293 fully big, unaffected to the magnetic flux that main magnetic circuit flows into.

The amount of being made contributions by 293 pairs of magnetic field fluxs of permanent magnet does not preferably exist on the meaning of the control range constriction that makes the magnetic flux that is formed by excitation division.But; In the structure of the leakage magnetic flux that permanent magnet configuration is reduced space part between the space of the prominent utmost point leading section of magnetic or utilize in the electric rotating machine of reluctance torque, exist by have the same magnetic of permanent magnet magnetized division at circumferencial direction to form the structure that the prominent utmost point of magnetic is made the magnetic flux barrier simultaneously.Present embodiment is significant as magnetic flux control is become being easy to embodiment.

Use Figure 28,31, structure and action that excitation division is squinted and controls are described.Like Figure 28 and shown in Figure 31, the excitation division that is made up of magnetic field magnet 282 and support 283 is supported by rotor bearing body 288 and turning arm 286,287.Turning arm 286,287 is rotatably supported on the rotor bearing body 288 by pin 311, be rotatably supported on the excitation division by pin 312, excitation division be constituted as can with the face of circumferencial direction quadrature in squint abreast with rotating shaft 11.And then excitation division is linked by connecting rod 285 and sliding panel 284.Connecting rod 285 is combined with excitation division by pin 313 rotationally, is combined rotationally with sliding panel 284 by pin 314, be through sliding panel 284 to axial dipole field, excitation division can with the structure of the face bias internal of circumferencial direction quadrature.

Three teats of sliding panel 284 join through three slit 1c and the sliding bar 1h that is arranged on the rotating shaft 11, and sliding bar 1h is constituted as and can in the hollow part of rotating shaft 11, endwisely slipping, and join with the push rod 1e of actuator 1f.Spring 19 is configured between rotor bearing body 288 and the sliding panel 284; To sliding panel 284 direction loading to the right; Because actuator 1f is the structure that drives push rod 1e about axially, so, sliding panel 284 and magnetic field magnet 282 by actuator 1f to axial dipole field.Actuator 1f is made up of stepping motor and screw mechanism, through the rotation drive stepping motor, about axially, drives push rod 1e, does not make under the stepper motor driven situation, keeps the axial location of push rod 1e.

Figure 31 (a), 31 (b) amplify the figure that representes with the vertical section of the part of the rotor that comprises excitation division; Figure 31 (a) expression excitation division squints to radial outside; Magnetic field magnet 282 is dashed forward utmost point extension 295 in opposite directions with the area of maximum and the prominent utmost point extension 294 of magnetic of adjacency with magnetic, and the magnetic flux that flows to main magnetic circuit is maximum state.In the case, actuator 1f makes sliding panel 284 and axle direction skew left abreast, comprises the excitation division and axle direction skew left abreast of magnetic field magnet 282, and simultaneously, radius vector squints to foreign side.The inwardly side's skew of Figure 31 (b) expression excitation division radius vector, magnetic field magnet 282 with the bypass magnetic pole 296,297 of the area of maximum and adjacency in opposite directions, the magnetic flux that flows to main magnetic circuit is the state of minimum.In the case, actuator 1f makes sliding panel 284 and axle direction skew to the right abreast, comprises the excitation division and axle direction skew to the right abreast of magnetic field magnet 282, simultaneously, and inwardly side's skew of radius vector.

The turning arm 286,287 that excitation division is supported and sell 311,312 and squint along with the skew of excitation division, the space that they occupy be dispensed on bypass magnetic pole 296, between 297.

Bypass magnetic pole 296,297 has to the outstanding bypass magnetic pole extension 289 in the end of rotor, through minim gap and circular magnetic core 28a in opposite directions.The magnetic flux that magnet 282 flows into to bypass magnetic pole 296 from magnetic field to magnetic field magnet 282 circulation, has formed the bypass magnetic circuit through bypass magnetic pole extension 289, circular magnetic core 28a, bypass magnetic pole extension 289, bypass magnetic pole 297.Minim gap length between adjustment bypass magnetic pole 289 (representing that typically bypass magnetic pole 296,297 is to axial extension) of extension and the circular magnetic core 28a, with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit be set at the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit about equally.Because in axial flow, so bypass magnetic pole 296,297 is big by magnetic flux density, the piece of isotropic iron constitutes the magnetic flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet 282 in bypass magnetic pole 296,297.And then because in circular magnetic core 28a, magnetic flux flows at circumferencial direction, so in order to reduce eddy current losses, circular magnetic core 28a is through constituting silicon steel plate roll coil of strip curl at lamination radially.In addition, also can constitute by the big magnetic of resistivity.

If the magnetic resistance of each magnetic circuit is because of various wanting thereby change, the difference of the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit increases, and then the magnetic flux short circuit amount between the magnetic increases, and hinders the magnetic force of the skew of excitation division to increase.In the present embodiment; Size through the gap in the adjustment bypass magnetic circuit equates the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit; And make it to adapt to the magnetic resistance change rate of the magnetic circuit that produces because of a variety of causes, and suppress the flux leakage between two magnetic circuits little, suppress the magnetic force that hinders above-mentioned skew little.

And then, in the present embodiment, the magnetic resistance of control bypass magnetic circuit is big in the difference of the magnetic resistance of magnetic resistance that makes the magneto resistive ratio main magnetic circuit between main magnetic circuit, the bypass magnetic circuit under each operating condition usually and bypass magnetic circuit.By not shown step motor drive worm gear 28c shown in Figure 28; Make circular magnetic core 28a rotation; By and magnetic core supporting mass 28b between screw mechanism make circular magnetic core 28a to axial dipole field, change the gap length between circular magnetic core 28a and the bypass magnetic pole extension 289.

In Figure 28, number 1j representes load unit.If the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit departs from minimum magnetic force condition, then magnetic field magnet 282 receives the magnetic force that the direction to the area in opposite directions of magnetic pole that increases the little side of magnetic resistance (prominent utmost point extension 294 of magnetic or bypass magnetic pole 296) and magnetic field magnet 282 squints.Because actuator 1f desire keeps axial location, so the pressure in the push rod 1e changes, and can detect above-mentioned magnetic force by load unit 1j.Magnetic force is because proportional with the difference of the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit; So; Magnetic force is accommodated in mode in the predetermined scope by not shown step motor drive worm gear 28c; Make circular magnetic core 28a rotation, by and magnetic core supporting mass 28b between screw mechanism make circular magnetic core 28a to axial dipole field, change the gap length between circular magnetic core 28a and the bypass magnetic pole extension 289.Because can closely keep the magnetic resistance of two magnetic circuits usually with minimum magnetic force condition, so, can the flux leakage between two magnetic be suppressed little, carry out accurate magnetic flux control.

Use the block diagram of Fig. 8, control magnetic flux is described, output is controlled at best dynamo-electric machine system.To with electric rotating machine as motor, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, revolving force is controlled at best electric motor system describes.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the rotary speed as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; Through control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f, make excitation division direction skew to the right, reduce magnetic field magnet 282 and prominent utmost point extension 294 area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of excitation division.Littler in rotary speed than the value of regulation, when making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big,, make excitation division direction skew left through control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f to armature, increase magnetic field magnet 282 and prominent utmost point extension 294 area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of excitation division.

To with electric rotating machine as generator, carry out than low-intensity magnetic field control, the constant voltage generator system that generating voltage is controlled to the voltage of regulation describes.Control device 85 is bigger than the value of regulation in the generating voltage as output 83; When the magnetic flux that flows to armature is diminished; Through control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f, make excitation division direction skew to the right, reduce magnetic field magnet 282 and prominent utmost point extension 294 area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of excitation division.Littler in generating voltage than the value of regulation, when making the magnetic flux quantitative change of flowing big,, make excitation division direction skew left through control signal 86 drive actions actuator 1f to armature, increase magnetic field magnet 282 and prominent utmost point extension 294 area in opposite directions of magnetic.After skew control, actuator 1f is stopped, keeping the position of excitation division.

Embodiment 8

Use Figure 32 to Figure 34, the 8th embodiment based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention is described.The 8th embodiment is the radial gap structure and is the dynamo-electric machine system of outer-rotor structure that excitation division is configured in the rotor, utilizes centrifugal force controlled magnetic flux.

Figure 32 is the embodiment that representes the present invention is applicable to the electric rotating machine of outer-rotor structure, and surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division are configured on the rotor that is in periphery.On substrate 329, fixed fixed axis 321, and then, on fixed axis 321, fixed armature.Rotor case 322 is supported on the fixed axis 321 through bearing 323 rotationally, and all within it side configurations comprise the magnetic field portion 327 of surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division.Number 32a representes to be arranged on for outside portion's machine transmits revolving force the belt wheel portion on the rotor case 322 of rotor.Armature is made up of the cylindric yoke 325 on the armature support 328, magnetic tooth 324 and armature coil 326.

Figure 33 representes along the armature of the K-K ' of Figure 32 and the cutaway view of rotor, for mutual relation is described, the part of structure division has been marked number represented.Armature is by being fixed on cylindric yoke 325 on the armature support 328, constituting to the armature coil 326 that radially extends and have a plurality of magnetic teeth 324 in magnetic space and be wound on magnetic tooth 324 at circumferencial direction from cylindric yoke 325.Be made up of 24 armature coils 326 in the present embodiment, their tie lines become three-phase.Magnetic tooth 324 carries out lamination by silicon steel plate with cylindric yoke 325 and constitutes behind the die punching with regulation, and the armature coil 326 of having reeled.

In Figure 33, disposed magnetic field portion 327 in opposite directions at the interior all sides and the magnetic tooth 324 of rotor case 322.In magnetic field portion 327; On surperficial magnetic pole piece and forward surface magnetic tooth 324; Divide ground by the magnetic space part and equally spaced disposed the prominent utmost point of magnetic, represent the magnetic of the adjacency utmost point of dashing forward, represent the magnetic space part by number 331 by number 351,332 at circumferencial direction.The surface magnetic pole piece has the bypass magnetic pole at the peripheral part of the extending direction of the prominent utmost point of magnetic; Between the extension of the prominent utmost point 331,332 of the magnetic of adjacency and the bypass magnetic pole 335 of adjacency, magnetic field magnet 334 can disposed between 336, disposed ring-shaped magnetic core 337 through minim gap with bypass magnetic pole 335,336 with radially sliding.Number 338 expressions load spring from magnetic field magnet 334 to internal diameter direction, number 339 expression nonmagnetic material parts.In this structure, magnetic field magnet 334 is equivalent to excitation division.

Figure 34 is the cutaway view that has amplified the structure of magnetic field magnet 334 peripheries, carries out the explanation of the flow-dividing control of magnetic field flux.The magnetic flux that comes self-magnetic field magnet 334 as a side's of two magnetic loops that are connected side by side with magnetic field magnet 334 main magnetic circuit is through magnetic the dash forward magnetic circuit of the utmost point 332 circulation of the utmost point 331, magnetic tooth 324, magnetic of dashing forward; The opposing party's bypass magnetic circuit comes the magnetic circuit of the magnetic flux of self-magnetic field magnet 334 through bypass magnetic pole 335, cylindric magnetic core 337, bypass magnetic pole 336 circulation, is represented to flow through the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit respectively by dotted line 342,343.In the present embodiment, under the average operating condition of electric rotating machine, the area in opposite directions and the gap length of the minim gap 341 between bypass magnetic pole 335,336 and the cylindric magnetic core 337 are assigned to set as the magnetic resistance adjustment part.And then because magnetic field magnet 334 reaches with bypass magnetic pole 335,336 area in opposite directions and certain usually with the prominent utmost point 331,332 area in opposite directions of magnetic, so magnet 334 is when radially squinting in magnetic field, the magnetic force that becomes obstruction is little.

If rotor is inactive state or low rotary speed, then 338 pairs of magnetic field magnet 334 of spring load to internal diameter direction, and the prominent utmost point 331,332 of the most area of magnetic field magnet 334 and magnetic makes the magnetic flux that flows through main magnetic circuit 342 for maximum in opposite directions.If the rotary speed of rotor increases, then act on the centrifugal force antagonistic spring 338 of magnetic field magnet 334, magnetic field magnet 334 is moved to the periphery lateral deviation, increase magnetic field magnet 334 and bypass magnetic pole 335,336 area in opposite directions.The magnetic flux of the main magnetic circuit 342 through magnetic tooth 324 1 sides is roughly proportional with the area in opposite directions of the prominent utmost point 331 extensions of magnetic field magnet 334 and magnetic, the prominent utmost point 332 extensions of magnetic; If with rotor is low rotary speed; Then the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit 342 is many; If be high rotation speed, then the mode of the magnetic flux of main magnetic circuit 342 minimizing is controlled.Flow through main magnetic circuit magnetic flux 342 and rotary speed relation by the quality of magnetic field magnet 334 and the characteristic of spring 338 and the magnetic field magnet of setting in order to reduce unnecessary vibration 334 and on every side between coefficient of friction set.

Embodiment 9

Use Figure 35, explain based on the nineth embodiment of the present invention.The 9th embodiment is the dynamo-electric machine system that the dynamo-electric machine system of first embodiment is held concurrently the motor use as the engine of hybrid vehicle.

In the figure; Electric rotating machine shown in number 351 expressions first embodiment; Electric rotating machine 351 has the rotating shaft 359 that combines with the engine 352 of hybrid vehicle with the mode of being transmitted revolving force by belt, and the revolving force of rotating shaft 359 transmits to driving shaft 35a through speed changer 353.Control device 354 receives the instruction 35b from host control device, through driving loop 355, electric rotating machine 351 is driven as motor, through the magnetic flux of magnetic flux control loop 356 control electric rotating machines 351.And then control device 354 receives the instruction 35b from host control device, carries out rectification through the generation power that 357 pairs of commutating circuits appear among the lead-out wire 35c of armature coil 16, and battery 358 is charged.

Control device 354 is according to the indication of instruction 35b; Through driving loop 355 electric rotating machine 351 is driven as motor; The rotation of assisted engine 352 or make rotating shaft 359 be rotated driving separately contributes to the actuating force of hybrid vehicle through speed changer 353, driving shaft 35a.Under need the situation of strong permanent magnet torque in low rotary speed zone; In the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil 16 with control device 354 through driving loop 355; The magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated; Increase makes excitation division 18 skews through the mode of magnetic flux control loop 356 to the mobile magnetic flux of armature through actuator 1f, increases the area in opposite directions of the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and magnetic field magnet 24.Under the situation of conduct in the high rotation speed zone than low-intensity magnetic field; In the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil 16 with control device 354 through driving loop 355; The magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated; Reduce through the mode of magnetic flux control loop 356, make excitation division 18 skews, reduce the area in opposite directions of the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and magnetic field magnet 24 through actuator 1f to the mobile magnetic flux of armature.

In the time only can driving hybrid vehicle by the revolving force of engine 352, according to instruction 35b, the generation power that will appear among the lead-out wire 35c of armature coil 16 through commutating circuit 357 changes over direct current, makes battery 358 chargings.In this case; Control device 354; In the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band, to supply with minimum magnetic force electric current to armature coil 16 through driving loop 355; The magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated, become the mode of the voltage of the best that battery 358 is charged, through magnetic flux control loop 356 control action actuator 1f.Under situation to battery 358 charging, through with dynamo-electric machine system as the constant voltage generator system, need not change the converter of generating voltage.In addition,, be controlled to the generating voltage that is suitable for each battery most, can not need the converter of high price through additional switching circuit even under battery 358 situation that diverse multiple battery constitutes by voltage.

Present embodiment is also brought into play function effectively as the energy-recuperation system when the braking of hybrid vehicle.If through instruction 35b; Receive the indication of regenerative braking; Then control device 354 is to supply with minimum magnetic force electric current through driving loop 355 to armature coil 16 in the time of magnetic flux control interval 72 band; The magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit is equated, increase, make excitation division 18 skews through actuator 1f through the mode of magnetic flux control loop 356 to the mobile magnetic flux of armature; Increase the area in opposite directions of the prominent utmost point 21 extensions of magnetic and magnetic field magnet 24, charge to battery 358 by generation power.Under situation with a plurality of batteries 358, in order to access the generating voltage that conforms to the charging voltage of the battery 358 of tool charging surplus energy, the magnetic flux that flows to armature with control through magnetic flux control loop 356 control action actuator 1f.Because electric rotating machine 351 is structures of using as drive motor, so the generator of using as regenerative braking can produce sufficient braking force.

Though present embodiment be with the present invention as the generator of the hybrid vehicle dynamo-electric machine system that motor uses of holding concurrently,, can certainly be as the dynamo-electric machine system in the electric automobile.In this case, in the above-described embodiments, remove the engine 352 of hybrid vehicle, only drive and energy-recuperation system during braking by constituting based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention.

More than enumerate embodiment, dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention has been described.These embodiment are examples that expression realizes design of the present invention, purpose, not delimit the scope of the invention.Through can accomplish the system that realizes design of the present invention, purpose etc. with the foregoing description combination or with the part combination of embodiment, this is natural.For example, be structure though represented armature in the above-described embodiments with magnetic tooth,, in the electric rotating machine of in the past radial gap structure, also have the structure example that does not dispose the magnetic tooth.In addition, in the radial gap structure, also exist configuration with the armature structure printed wiring on cylindric yoke armature coil and do not have the example of magnetic tooth.No matter the present invention has or not the magnetic tooth to use, can adopt best armature structure according to the specification of dynamo-electric machine system.Through can accomplish the system that realizes design of the present invention, purpose etc. with the foregoing description combination or with the part combination of embodiment, this is natural.

Utilize possibility on the industry

The structure of the magnet excitation of the electric rotating machine that utilizes magnet torque, reluctance torque in the past, the easily magnetic flux between controlling magnetic field portion and the armature have been changed based on dynamo-electric machine system of the present invention.This dynamo-electric machine system can utilize as the motor of height output with in the past electric rotating machine equally, and in addition, also having enlarged can the actual rotational velocity range that uses, and then has improved electricity generate function, in addition, can control its electricity generate function.In the generator of moving body is held concurrently electric motor system, use, as drive motor, can expect in the rotational velocity range that exceeds in the past, to use, in addition, the energy recuperation in the time of can braking can improve comprehensive energy expenditure amount.And then, owing to can in wide rotational velocity range, generating voltage be controlled to necessarily as the constant voltage generator system, so; Do not need the constant voltage control loop; And then the multiple battery chargings different to voltage also can not need converter, can reduce whole system cost.

Claims (34)

1. dynamo-electric machine system; Said dynamo-electric machine system has armature and magnetic field portion, and said armature has armature coil, and the prominent utmost point of a plurality of magnetics that is configured in circumferencial direction with armature in opposite directions can rotated and have in said magnetic field portion in opposite directions relatively with armature; It is characterized in that; Configuration surface magnetic pole piece and excitation division in the portion of magnetic field, in surperficial magnetic pole piece, with the forward surface of armature on dispose the prominent utmost point of a plurality of magnetics at circumferencial direction; Simultaneously, with the forward surface of excitation division on prominent utmost point extension of configuration magnetic and bypass magnetic pole; Excitation division has magnetic field magnet, prominent utmost point extension of any side's of the N utmost point of magnetic field magnet or the S utmost point magnetic pole and magnetic and bypass magnetic pole opposite at least, and the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of adjacency disposed with the mode that is magnetized into mutual heteropole; The magnetic flux that the prominent utmost point extension of one side's of magnet magnetic pole magnetropism body flows into from magnetic field is through armature and in abutting connection with the main magnetic circuit of the opposing party's of the prominent poloidal magnetic field magnet of magnetic magnetic pole circulation; And the magnetic flux that flows into to the bypass magnetic pole mainly in the portion of magnetic field to the bypass magnetic circuit of the opposing party's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole circulation, be connected side by side with magnetic field magnet; Any movable magnetic pole piece of conduct of surface magnetic pole piece or excitation division, with can with the prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet and magnetic and with the area sum of bypass magnetic pole opposite remain certain in change above-mentioned each in opposite directions the mode of area movable magnetic pole piece is constituted and can carry out relativity shift with respect to except movable magnetic pole piece surplus in surperficial magnetic pole piece or the excitation division; So that optimized mode of the output of dynamo-electric machine system and above-mentioned output correspondingly make movable magnetic pole piece skew, the magnetic flux that control is flowed to armature.

2. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said dynamo-electric machine system is configured to minimum magnetic force condition, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

3. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, with the mode that exchange flux is difficult to pass through, the bypass magnetic circuit that will comprise the bypass magnetic pole is compared the big material of eddy current losses with the prominent utmost point of magnetic and constituted through comprising.

4. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mode that is difficult to pass through with exchange flux, will be from magnetic field magnet compare the big material of eddy current losses with the prominent utmost point of magnetic and constitute through comprising to the magnetic circuit of the prominent utmost point of magnetic.

5. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said dynamo-electric machine system constitutes with the big mode of difference of the magnetic resistance of the magnetic resistance of the magneto resistive ratio main magnetic circuit between main magnetic circuit and the bypass magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit.

6. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In surperficial magnetic pole piece; The bypass pole configuration makes the prominent utmost point of magnetic of adjacency be magnetized into the mode of mutual heteropole at the extending direction of the prominent utmost point of magnetic between the bypass magnetic pole that reaches adjacency between the prominent utmost point extension of the magnetic of adjacency will have the magnetized magnetic field of circumferencial direction magnet configuration simultaneously, makes the direction of magnetization reversally dispose the magnetic field magnet of adjacency each other; Mode with combination road with magnetic between the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency constitutes, with excitation division as movable magnetic pole piece constituting in mode with the face bias internal of circumferencial direction quadrature.

7. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, magnetic field portion and armature are radially in opposite directions; The prominent utmost point extension of magnetic axially has periodic cut-out, configuration bypass magnetic pole in cut-out; In excitation division, periodically alternately have circumferencial direction magnetized magnetic field magnet and nonmagnetic material in axial arrangement; The magnetic field magnet configuration is between the prominent utmost point extension of the magnetic of circumferencial direction adjacency, reaching between the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency; Simultaneously, so that being magnetized into the mode of mutual heteropole, the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of adjacency makes direction of magnetization configuration reversally each other at the magnetic field of circumferencial direction adjacency magnet; Mode with combination road with magnetic between the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency constitutes; With excitation division as movable magnetic pole piece constituting to the mode of axial dipole field.

8. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Surface magnetic pole piece and excitation division with axle as the center relatively the mode of rotational offset dispose; In surperficial magnetic pole piece; With excitation division face in opposite directions on arrange the prominent utmost point extension of first magnetic, bypass magnetic pole, the prominent utmost point extension of second magnetic repeatedly at circumferencial direction successively; The bypass magnetic pole is disposing through the prominent utmost point extension mode in opposite directions of minim gap and second magnetic, and configuration in such a way, promptly; The magnetic flux that one side's of magnet magnetic pole flows into to the prominent utmost point extension of first magnetic from magnetic field is through armature and the prominent utmost point of second magnetic and the prominent utmost point extension of second magnetic magnetic pole circulation to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet, and the magnetic flux that flows into to the bypass magnetic pole from a side's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole is through second magnetic magnetic pole magnetic field portion in the circulation of utmost point extension to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet of dashing forward.

9. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Surface magnetic pole piece and excitation division with axle as the center relatively the mode of rotational offset dispose; In excitation division; Configuration magnetic field magnet in cylindric magnetic core, a side's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole with surperficial magnetic pole piece in the dash forward mode of utmost point extension and bypass magnetic pole opposite of magnetic dispose, the bypass magnetic pole constitutes with the mode on the combination road that in cylindric magnetic core, has magnetic; And configuration in such a way; That is, the magnetic flux that the prominent utmost point extension of one side's of magnet magnetic pole magnetropism body flows into from magnetic field is through the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic of the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of armature and adjacency and the adjacency magnetic pole circulation to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet, from a side's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole to the magnetic flux of bypass magnetic pole inflow through magnetic pole magnetic field portion in the circulation of cylindric magnetic core to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet.

10. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Surface magnetic pole piece and excitation division with axle as the center relatively the mode of rotational offset dispose; In surperficial magnetic pole piece, with excitation division face in opposite directions on, arrange the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic, bypass magnetic pole repeatedly at circumferencial direction successively; And dispose with the mode that between the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency, has the combination road of magnetic; In excitation division, configuration magnetic field magnet in cylindric magnetic core, a side's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole with surperficial magnetic pole piece in the dash forward mode of utmost point extension and bypass magnetic pole opposite of magnetic dispose; And configuration in such a way; That is, the magnetic flux that the prominent utmost point extension of one side's of magnet magnetic pole magnetropism body flows into from magnetic field is through the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic of the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of armature and adjacency and the adjacency magnetic pole circulation to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet, from a side's of magnetic field magnet magnetic pole to the magnetic flux of bypass magnetic pole inflow through the bypass magnetic pole of adjacency magnetic pole circulation in the portion of magnetic field to the opposing party of magnetic field magnet.

11. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The magnetic resistance adjustment assembly that also has the magnetic resistance of adjustment main magnetic circuit or bypass magnetic circuit is so that the mode that the needed power of skew of movable magnetic pole piece diminishes is adjusted the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit or bypass magnetic circuit.

12. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; When movable magnetic pole piece is squinted; By magnetic resistance adjustment assembly the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit and the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit are adjusted to minimum magnetic force condition, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the interior series field magnet of main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

13. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; When the magnetic flux of armature is flow through in increase, according to minimum magnetic force condition, by magnetic resistance adjustment assembly with the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit to little adjustment or with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit to big adjustment; When the magnetic flux of armature is flow through in minimizing; According to minimum magnetic force condition, by magnetic resistance adjustment assembly with the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit to big adjustment or with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit to little adjustment, simultaneously; Make the skew of movable magnetic pole piece, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

14. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; The magnetic resistance that also has owing to main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit breaks away from the magnetic force detection components that minimum magnetic force condition puts on movable magnetic pole piece; Keep watch on the parameter relevant of intermittently change or the relation of above-mentioned parameter that in common running, changes and magnetic force with magnetic resistance adjustment assembly; The above-mentioned parameter that above-mentioned magnetic force is diminished is set as minimum magnetic force conditional parameter, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

15. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; Magnetic resistance adjustment assembly is made up of the gap lengths adjustment assembly that the gap lengths that is configured in the space in the bypass magnetic circuit is adjusted, so that the mode that the needed power of skew of movable magnetic pole piece diminishes is adjusted the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit.

16. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; Magnetic resistance adjustment assembly is made up of the magnetic resistance adjustment coil that is wound on the bypass magnetic circuit, so that the mode that the needed power of skew of movable magnetic pole piece diminishes is supplied with the magnetic resistance that predetermined current is adjusted the bypass magnetic circuit to magnetic resistance adjustment coil.

17. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; The assembly that magnetic resistance adjustment assembly is adjusted the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit by the predetermined current of the direction of supplying with the rotor acceleration to armature coil or slowing down constitutes, and supplies with the magnetic resistance that predetermined current adjusts effectively main magnetic circuit with the mode that the needed power of skew that when movable magnetic pole piece is squinted, makes movable magnetic pole piece diminishes to armature coil.

18. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; Magnetic resistance adjustment assembly is by predetermined constant current load structure; The constant current load is connected with armature coil when movable magnetic pole piece is squinted, so that the mode that the needed power of above-mentioned skew of movable magnetic pole piece diminishes flows predetermined current by induced voltage, adjusts the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit effectively.

19. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The offset-limited assembly that also has movable magnetic pole piece is limited in the relative displacement of movable magnetic pole piece to remain necessarily with magnetic field magnet and the prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions of magnetic and with the area sum of bypass magnetic pole opposite and simultaneously above-mentioned each area is remained in the areal extent of variation separately.

20. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also has the assembly of the deviation post that keeps movable magnetic pole piece, intermittently control flows is crossed the magnetic flux of armature.

21. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The surface magnetic pole piece is to constitute with respect to the mode of excitation division to the circumferencial direction skew; Surperficial magnetic pole piece with respect to excitation division when the direction of rotation of rotor is carried out relativity shift, the area in opposite directions of the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic field magnet and magnetic increases.

22. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The surface magnetic pole piece is to constitute with respect to the mode of excitation division to the circumferencial direction skew; Also have the position holding mechanism of the surperficial magnetic pole piece of maintenance with respect to the position of excitation division, with when making surperficial magnetic pole piece with respect to the excitation division rotational offset, respite is by the confining force while of the surperficial magnetic pole piece of position holding mechanism generation; The mode that rotor is rotated driving makes surperficial magnetic pole piece squint to circumferencial direction to the armature coil supplying electric current.

23. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in surperficial magnetic pole piece, with armature face in opposite directions on, alternately disposed the prominent utmost point of magnetic and magnetic space part at circumferencial direction in opposite directions with armature.

24. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In surperficial magnetic pole piece, with armature face in opposite directions on, alternately disposed the prominent utmost point of magnetic and had the permanent magnet magnetized of circumferencial direction roughly at circumferencial direction; The permanent magnet of adjacency is so that the prominent magnetized in the other direction mode extremely each other of the magnetic of adjacency disposes magnetization inversion ground each other, and excitation division disposes so that the prominent utmost point of magnetic is carried out the identical mode of magnetized polarity with permanent magnet.

25. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The set permanent magnet is employed on the two sides of the prominent utmost point of intermediate magnetic gonosome and has disposed the equivalent permanent magnet with identical permanent magnet magnetized plate of roughly circumferencial direction; In surperficial magnetic pole piece, with armature face in opposite directions on, alternately disposed the prominent utmost point of magnetic and set permanent magnet at circumferencial direction; The set permanent magnet of adjacency is so that the prominent magnetized in the other direction mode extremely each other of the magnetic of adjacency disposes magnetization inversion ground each other, and excitation division disposes so that the prominent utmost point of magnetic is carried out the identical mode of magnetized polarity with the set permanent magnet.

26. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1, said dynamo-electric machine system also has control device, with revolving force as input; With generation power as output; It is characterized in that, by control device, when the value of being stipulated by the generating voltage ratio of armature coil induction is big; Make movable magnetic pole piece skew, reduce the prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet and magnetic; In the value hour of generating voltage than regulation, make movable magnetic pole piece skew, increase magnetic field magnet and the magnetic utmost point extension area in opposite directions of dashing forward, generating voltage is controlled at the value of regulation.

27. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1, said dynamo-electric machine system also has control device, and the electric current that will supply with to armature coil is as input; With revolving force as output; It is characterized in that, by control device, when rotary speed makes the magnetic flux that flows through armature reduce greatly than the value of stipulating; Make movable magnetic pole piece skew, reduce the prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet and magnetic; Littler and when the magnetic flux that flows through armature is increased, make movable magnetic pole piece skew in rotary speed than the value of regulation, increase magnetic field magnet and the magnetic utmost point extension area in opposite directions of dashing forward, revolving force is controlled to be the best.

28. dynamo-electric machine system according to claim 1, said dynamo-electric machine system also has control device, and the electric current that will supply with to armature coil is as input; With revolving force as output; It is characterized in that, under the situation that rotary speed is reduced, make movable magnetic pole piece skew so that flow through the mode of the magnetic flux increase of armature by control device; Increase the prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions of magnetic field magnet and magnetic, rotating energy is taken out as generation power.

29. flux control method; The magnetic flux that the armature of electric rotating machine is crossed in said flux control method convection current is controlled; Said electric rotating machine has armature, surperficial magnetic pole piece and excitation division; Said armature has armature coil; Said surperficial magnetic pole piece can rotate and have the prominent utmost point of a plurality of magnetics that is configured in circumferencial direction with armature in opposite directions in opposite directions relatively with armature, said excitation division and surperficial magnetic pole piece comprise so that the magnetic field magnet that the prominent mode that is magnetized into antipolarity extremely each other of the magnetic of adjacency disposes in opposite directions; It is characterized in that, be configured in prominent utmost point extension of the magnetic of a side of excitation division surperficial magnetic pole piece in opposite directions and bypass magnetic pole on dispose a side the magnetic pole of the N utmost point or the S utmost point of magnetic field magnet with in opposite directions mode; The magnetic flux that will flow into from a side's of the N utmost point of magnetic field magnet or the S utmost point the prominent utmost point extension of magnetic pole magnetropism body through the prominent utmost point of the magnetic of armature and adjacency to the main magnetic circuit of the opposing party's magnetic pole circulation and from a side's of the N utmost point of magnetic field magnet or the S utmost point magnetic pole to the magnetic flux of bypass magnetic pole inflow mainly in the portion of magnetic field the bypass magnetic circuit to the opposing party's magnetic pole circulation be connected side by side with magnetic field magnet; With surperficial magnetic pole piece or excitation division any one as movable magnetic pole piece; With at prominent utmost point extension area in opposite directions and remain the mode that changes above-mentioned each area in certain with the area sum of bypass magnetic pole opposite movable magnetic pole piece is constituted and can carry out relativity shift with respect to except movable magnetic pole piece surplus in surperficial magnetic pole piece or the excitation division, make movable magnetic pole piece squint control flows to cross the magnetic flux of armature with magnetic field magnet and magnetic.

30. flux control method according to claim 29; It is characterized in that; May further comprise the steps: said flux control method is configured to minimum magnetic force condition, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

31. flux control method according to claim 29; It is characterized in that; May further comprise the steps: also have the magnetic resistance adjustment assembly of the magnetic resistance of adjustment main magnetic circuit or bypass magnetic circuit, so that the mode that the needed power of skew of movable magnetic pole piece diminishes is adjusted the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit or bypass magnetic circuit.

32. flux control method according to claim 31; It is characterized in that; May further comprise the steps: when movable magnetic pole piece is squinted; By magnetic resistance adjustment assembly the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit and the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit are adjusted into minimum magnetic force condition, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the interior series field magnet of main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

33. flux control method according to claim 31; It is characterized in that; May further comprise the steps: when the magnetic flux of armature is flow through in increase; Magnetic resistance adjustment assembly according to minimum magnetic force condition with the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit to little adjustment or with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit to big adjustment; When the magnetic flux of armature is flow through in minimizing; Magnetic resistance adjustment assembly according to minimum magnetic force condition with the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit to big adjustment or with the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit to little adjustment, make movable magnetic pole piece skew simultaneously, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

34. flux control method according to claim 31; It is characterized in that; May further comprise the steps: the magnetic resistance that also has owing to main magnetic circuit and bypass magnetic circuit breaks away from the magnetic force detection components that minimum magnetic force condition puts on movable magnetic pole piece; Keep watch on parameter or the above-mentioned parameter that in common running change relevant that intermittently changes and the relation that puts on the magnetic force of movable magnetic pole piece with magnetic resistance adjustment assembly; The above-mentioned parameter that the magnetic force that puts on movable magnetic pole piece is diminished is set as minimum magnetic force conditional parameter, this minimum magnetic force condition be with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the bypass magnetic circuit remove behind the magnetic resistance of bypass magnetic circuit value and with the quantity that is included in the series field magnet in the main magnetic circuit except that the value behind the magnetic resistance of main magnetic circuit each other about equally.

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