Embodiment
In order (for example to improve dimensional precision, circularity, planeness and deflection), the inventor studies creating conditions of ferrite stainless steel from different aspects and checks, is subjected to the influence of TiN and other sedimentary shape and distribution in the as-annealed condition with having been found that the circularity of press forming steel plate and post forming certain degree.Based on these discoveries, the contriver infers that some target capabilitiess can be composed and be added on the ferrite stainless steel by suitably controlling described sedimentary shape and distribution.Forming described throw out is shape and the distribution that is suitable for this purpose, can by in ferritic stainless steel to add Ti and Nb and to make described ferritic stainless steel carry out optimal heat machinery and handle and realize greater than stablizing C and N numerical value as carbonitride metering ratio.
Sedimentary shape and distribution are explained as follows the influence of press formability and dimensional precision:
Because the adding of Ti and Nb, C in the ferritic stainless steel and N mainly are sedimentary with carbonitride form.Described sedimentary carbonitride except TiN is being cold-rolled to the manufacturing processed of final annealing from annealing hot-rolled steel sheet process, and major part all forms very fine particle again.The recrystallize particulate that this fine granular can allow to have the clog-free effect of a certain orientation is grown with preponderating, when manufactured steel plates when recrystallize is carried out in annealing, will form anisotropic particulate mixed structure.This anisotropy causes in first shaping steel plate process the strain concentrating along a certain direction, thereby makes the press formability and the dimensional precision variation of described steel plate.
Blocking action in the recrystallization annealing process (pinning action) according to having the sedimentary distribution of particle size greater than a certain numerical value, can be estimated.This blocking action can suppress directed particulate growth or be grown to the thickness grain, so just can improve the anisotropy and the dimensional precision of the steel plate of press forming.This blocking action is to the influence of press formability and dimensional precision, can be that 0.15 μ m or bigger throw out are by 5000-50000/mm by particle size except that TiN
2Ratio distribute and show, it will obtain confirming in embodiment subsequently.
In described throw out, TiN is disadvantageous for press formability and dimensional precision.In fact, contain that (product of %Ti * %N) can break when the press forming state greater than 0.005 steel plate.At the super initial point of these disruptive, can observe thick TiN particle (they have been grown to cubic shape).Observations shows, strain concentrating is on cube summit and cause fine fisssure in compacting process.In circumgranular strain concentrating of described TiN and formation fine fisssure, also be unfavorable for the hole flanging in the post forming step.
Ferrite stainless steel of the present invention contains the alloying constituent of predetermined proportion, and is as follows:
[0.02 quality % or lower C]
C is converted into the carbide that helps the unordered growth of recrystallize ferrite particulate in the final annealing step, still, because its hardening effect can reduce the formability of steel plate.The precipitation of carbide also can cause poor erosion resistance.In this, consider formability and erosion resistance, C content should be controlled at alap level, i.e. 0.02 quality % or lower.In order to improve post forming, described C content preferably is reduced to 0.015 quality % or lower.However, still, reduce described C content, need a long refining operation, thereby improved the steel production cost to extremely low level.Therefore, the lower limit of described C content preferably is defined as 0.001 quality %.The qualification of this lower limit also can guarantee the effect of carbide to the unordered growth of recrystallize ferrite particulate in the final annealing step.
[0.8 quality % or lower Si]
Si is a kind of alloying constituent (it is to add in the steel production process as oxygen scavenger), and still, it also has strong solution hardening effect.Greater than the excessive Si of 0.8 quality %, can make the steel plate sclerosis unfriendly, thereby cause it to have poor ductility.Consider ductility and post forming, the upper limit of Si content preferably is defined as 0.5 quality %.
[1.5 quality % or lower Mn]
Because its solution hardening effect is weaker than Si, Mn can not make the steel plate sclerosis significantly.However, can cause in the steel production process that greater than the excessive Mn of 1.5 quality % manganese smog emits, thereby cause the throughput o of difference
[0.050 quality % or lower P]
P is deleterious for hot workability, so its upper limit is defined as 0.050 quality %.
[0.01 quality % or lower S]
S is a kind of harmful element, and its is understood in the particulate edge separation, and the particulate edge is become fragile.These shortcomings can be by control S content to 0.01 quality % or lower being inhibited.
[Cr of 8.0-35.0 quality %]
In order to guarantee stainless erosion resistance, Cr content is controlled at 8.0 quality % or bigger.However, still, along with the raising of Cr content, stainless toughness and formability meeting variation are so the upper limit of described Cr content is defined as 35.0 quality %.Described Cr content preferably is controlled at 20.0 quality % or lower, with further its ductility and the post forming of improving.
[0.05 quality % or lower N]
N is converted into the nitride that helps the unordered growth of recrystallize ferrite particulate in the final annealing step, and still, it has hardening effect.Because excessive N can reduce the ductility of steel plate, so N content should be controlled at alap level, i.e. 0.05 quality % or lower.In order further to improve its ductility and post forming, described N content preferably is controlled at 0.02 quality % or lower.However, reduce described N content, need a long refining operation, thereby improved the steel production cost to extremely low level.Therefore, the lower limit of described N content preferably is defined as 0.001 quality %.The qualification of this lower limit also can guarantee the effect of nitride to the unordered growth of recrystallize ferrite particulate in the final annealing step.
[Ti of 0.05-0.40 quality %]
Ti is a kind of alloying constituent, and it can stablize C and N as carbonitride, helps formability and erosion resistance.This class effect is that 0.05 quality % or bigger time performance are very obvious at Ti content.However, can cause the cost raising of steel greater than the excessive Ti of 0.40 quality %, and can cause the surface imperfection that is derived from titanium inclusion.
[0.10-0.50 quality % or lower Nb]
Nb (it has the effect identical with Ti for stablizing C with N) is 0.15 μ m or bigger niobium inclusion for precipitation particle size except that TiN, is a kind of important composition.Described niobium inclusion may be by carbide and Fe
2Nb forms.In order to precipitate this class niobium inclusion, 0.10 quality % or more Nb are essential.However, can cause too much precipitation greater than the excessive Nb of 0.50 quality %, and improve the recrystallization temperature of ferritic stainless steel unfriendly.
[0.5 quality % or lower Ni]
With regard to the toughness and the erosion resistance of hot-rolled steel sheet, Ni is a kind of optional elements.But, add excessive N i and can improve raw materials cost, and can make the steel plate sclerosis, so the upper limit of Ni content is defined as 0.5 quality %.
[3.0 quality % or lower Mo]
With regard to erosion resistance, Mo is a kind of optional elements, still, is disadvantageous greater than the excessive Mo of 3.0 quality % for hot workability.
[2.0 quality % or lower Cu]
Cu is a kind of optional elements, and in the steel production process, it often is present in the stainless steel next by residue.Because excessive Cu can cause the reduction of poor toughness and hot workability, so Cu content is controlled at and is at most 2.0 quality %.
[0.3 quality % or lower V or Zr]
V and Zr are optional elements.V can fix free C and be present in the steel matrix as carbide, help formability, and Zr can catch free O, helps formability and toughness.However, consider throughput, add excessive V or Zr and must avoid.On this meaning, the upper limit of V or Zr is defined as 0.3 quality %.
[0.3 quality % or lower Al]
Al is a kind of optional elements, and it adds among the steel production process as reductor.However, the increase of non-metallic inclusion be can cause, thereby the toughness and the surface imperfection of difference caused greater than the excessive Al of 0.3 quality %.
[0.0100 quality % or lower B]
B is a kind of optional elements, and it can stablize N, and can improve stainless erosion resistance and formability.The effect of B is clearly at 0.0010 quality % or when bigger, still, is disadvantageous greater than the excessive B of 0.0100 quality % for hot workability and weldability.
Except above-mentioned element, Ca, Mg, Co, REM (rare earth metal) etc. also may be present in the residue in the steel production process.This dvielement is for the circularity of deep-draw steel plate or the not significantly influence of dimensional precision of press forming steel plate, unless they are to exist with ratio extraordinary.
[(%Ti×%N)<0.005]
Along with (%Ti * %N) increase of numerical value, TiN are grown to thick particle or form bunch.Thick TiN particle or bunch meeting promotion strained gathering in first forming process, thus cause forming fine fisssure in the previous stage of tensile.Thick TiN particle or bunch this deleterious effect, can (%Ti * %N) be eliminated to the numerical value that is lower than 0.005, and it will obtain confirming in embodiment subsequently by control.
[particle size is that 0.15 μ m or bigger throw out are by 5000-50000/mm except that TiN
2Ratio distribute]
Particle size is that 0.15 μ m or bigger carbide and nitrides precipitate thing have blocking action, can suppress directed particulate growth and be grown to the thickness grain, thereby can improve the anisotropy of stainless steel plate, the circularity of circular column draft state and the dimensional precision of press forming state.
Throw out is carbide and the nitride of Ti and Nb, this (Laves) phase of pressgang and composition thereof.TiN particle (they precipitate with cubic shape) is to get rid of outside the throw out favourable to press formability and dimensional precision, and this is because cube TiN particle may strain in its vertex set, and serves as the starting point of fine fisssure.Particle size is that 0.15 μ m or bigger throw out are by 5000-50000/mm except that TiN
2Ratio distribute, can guarantee press formability and the favourable blocking action of dimensional precision to the press forming steel disc, it will obtain confirming in embodiment subsequently.
Described throw out is to a kind of press formability of press forming steel disc and the influence of dimensional precision, is 0.15 μ m or is significantly when bigger in particle size, and become bigger along with the increase of described particle size.However, particle size is unwelcome greater than the first lees of 1.0 μ m, and this is because this coarse particles can promote the formation of strained gathering and fine fisssure in compacting process, thereby causes poor shape freezing.Described sedimentary blocking action is at 5000/mm
2Or be significantly during bigger distribution proportion, still, greater than 50000/mm
2But sedimentary excessive distribution will reduce the ductility and the deep drawing quality of steel plate.Excessive distribution will improve the recrystallization temperature of steel plate unfriendly, thereby makes steel plate be difficult to be annealed to the recrystallize state.
For controlling sedimentary shape and the necessary working condition that distributes, will become more clear from following explanation.
[carrying out hot rolling] 800 ℃ or lower terminal temperature
In relatively low terminal temperature ferrite stainless steel is carried out hot rolling, to bring out sedimentary nuclear site, it will be distributed among the steel plate of final annealing.Ferrite particulate edge and internal strain at hot-rolled state serve as described nuclear site.In order to bring out described nuclear site as much as possible, the hot rolled terminal temperature is determined at 800 ℃ or lower.
[the hot rolled steel plate being annealed] at 450-1080 ℃
By at 450-1080 ℃ the hot rolled steel plate being annealed, the throw out in the hot-rolled steel sheet is adjusted to a kind of described sedimentary shape that is suitable for controlling, and they will be distributed among the final steel plate, be 0.15 μ m or bigger particle size.If described annealing temperature is lower than 450 ℃, then will be difficult to form effective throw out.On the contrary, if described hot rolling copper coin heats in the temperature that is higher than 1080 ℃, then the described throw out except that TiN will be dissolved among the steel matrix with being out of favour again.
Do not grow into coarse particles in order suitably to control sedimentary distribution number, described annealing was finished in one hour.
[carrying out process annealing] in (recrystallize terminal temperature-100 ℃) to the temperature range between (recrystallize terminal temperature)
In cold-rolled process, in order to suppress the dissolving again of described throw out (they form by the described hot-rolled steel sheet of annealing), steel plate is annealed at relatively lower temp.Only being lower than the process annealing temperature of recrystallize terminal temperature, is preferred for separating de-stress (it is introduced among the described steel plate owing to cold rolling).To between (recrystallize terminal temperature), then described steel plate can be softened as long as described annealing temperature remains on (recrystallize terminal temperature-100 ℃), and dissolving again of throw out, no matter also remaining also do not have the rolling structure of recrystallize.
For fear of described sedimentary dissolving again, estimate the ability of conventional continuous annealing furnace, the described process annealing stage finished in 1 minute.
[under 1080 ℃ or lower temperature, carrying out final annealing]
By final annealing, rolling structure can be eliminated.But the temperature that is higher than 1080 ℃ is disadvantageous for mass production not only, and can promote describedly sedimentaryly to dissolve again and grow into the thickness grain, thereby causes the toughness of difference.
Estimate the ability of conventional continuous annealing furnace, described final annealing was finished in one minute.
Further feature of the present invention will clearly be illustrated by following embodiment, though scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1 (infrastest)
The contriver has furtherd investigate under the following conditions TiN (it often is deposited in the ferrite stainless steel matrix) effect and throw out shape effects to the dimensional precision of press forming steel disc and the effect of post forming.
Fusing polylith iron and steel in an experimental furnace, and be cast into slab, wherein every block of iron and steel all is adjusted to and has following composition: except Fe and unavoidable impurities, contain Cr, the A1 of 0.04 quality % of Cu, 16.50 quality % of S, 0.05 quality % of P, 0.0005 quality % of Mn, 0.030 quality % of Si, 0.25 quality % of C, the 0.40 quality % of 0.007 quality %, condition is that Nb, Ti and N content change between 0.02-0.30 quality %, 0.05-0.30 quality % and 0.005-0.035 quality % respectively.
Table 1 has provided described Nb, Ti and N content and (the sum of products recrystallize terminal temperature of %Ti * %N).
Table 1:Nb, Ti and N content (quality %) and (%Ti * %N) and recrystallize terminal temperature T
Rf(℃)
The iron and steel numbering |
Nb |
Ti |
N |
%Ti×%N |
T
rf |
1 |
0.2 |
0.06 |
0.005 |
0.0003 |
910 |
2 |
0.06 |
0.035 |
0.0021 |
900 |
3 |
0.2 |
0.01 |
0.0020 |
930 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.02 |
0.0040 |
940 |
5 |
0.3 |
0.01 |
0.0030 |
955 |
6 |
0.3 |
0.02 |
0.0060
|
950 |
7 |
0.3 |
0.035 |
0.0105
|
940 |
8 |
0.02
|
0.2 |
0.01 |
0.0020 |
910 |
9 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.01 |
0.0020 |
960 |
The numeral of underscore is the numerical value outside the present invention.
The hot rolling under 750 ℃ terminal temperature of each slab is the thickness of 4mm.
Hot-rolled steel sheet numbering 1-7 is that the cold rolling thickness of 2mm that is was followed in pickling 800 ℃ of annealing 60 seconds.Be accompanied by in the temperature of (recrystallize terminal temperature-50 ℃) and carried out process annealing 60 seconds, continuing described steel plate cold rolling is the final thickness of 0.5mm.Described cold-rolled steel sheet carries out final annealing at 1000 ℃, continues 60 seconds.
Described hot-rolled steel sheet numbering 8 and 9 is annealed, pickling and cold rollingly subsequently be the thickness of 2mm.Described steel plate carries out process annealing and continues the cold rolling final thickness of 0.5mm that is.Described cold-rolled steel sheet is carried out final annealing.Table 2 has provided the condition of annealing hot-rolled steel sheet, process annealing and final annealing.
Table 2: the condition of annealing hot-rolled steel sheet, process annealing and final annealing
Plating numerals |
The annealing numbering |
The annealing hot-rolled steel sheet |
Process annealing |
Final annealing |
(℃) |
(second) |
(℃) |
(second) |
(℃) |
(second) |
8 |
Y1 |
1090 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
Y2 |
700 |
60 |
850 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
Y3 |
700 |
28800 |
850 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
9 |
Y4 |
1100 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
Y5 |
700 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
Y6 |
700 |
60 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
Y7 |
750 |
1500 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
Y8 |
700 |
3000 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
Y9 |
700 |
28800 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
[sedimentary distribution proportion and shape]
Test steel disc of sampling under potentiostatic condition, corrodes in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of a kind of 10% methyl ethyl diketone-1% Tetramethylammonium chloride-methyl alcohol from each annealed sheet steel, and adopts scanning electronic microscope to observe, to study sedimentary distribution.In any 50 sites, the cross section parallel with rolling direction checked, measure each sedimentary maximum length, and it is decided to be particle size.
[dimensional precision of press forming steel disc]
Blank of sampling is cylindrical shape (as shown in Figure 1) by multiple deck press with its press forming from each annealed sheet steel.Adopting laser ranger, is the position of 5mm at distance flange section F, measures maximum radius and the minimum radius of column part C.Calculate the ratio of (maximum diameter-minimum diameter)/(minimum diameter), and with its circularity as evaluation press forming plate size precision.
[post forming]
Make the height of another test steel disc projection 10mm, be adopt one have shaft shoulder radius-of-curvature be 10mm, diameter be the stamping machine of 103mm and one to have shaft shoulder radius-of-curvature be that 8mm, diameter are the punch die of 105mm, realize under at the flange of test steel disc by a globule fixed condition.Take out the blank that diameter is 92mm from described projection test steel disc bottom, at described blank center by removing 10% aperture that to form a diameter be 10mm.Carry out the post forming property testing after the described blank as follows:
With described blank be fixed on one have shaft shoulder radius-of-curvature be 3mm, diameter be the flat primary drying press of 40mm and one to have shaft shoulder radius-of-curvature be that 3mm, diameter are between the punch die of 42mm, fix over against described die stamping mode with burr along described aperture.Described aperture is extruded flange by described stamping machine, and up to breaking at its edge, the flange of described blank is fixed by a globule simultaneously.Measure the diameter in described hole at the section start that breaks.According to the following equation: second reaming rate (%)=(flange bore dia-not flange bore dia)/(not flange bore dia) * 100 calculates the second reaming rate.
The gained result is as shown in table 3.It shows, and (product of %Ti * %N) is greater than in 0.005 compacting process of carrying out, and steel plate breaks.No matter working condition how, the Nb content of formation is lower than the steel plate of 0.02 quality %, has poor circularity.For the observations of the poor circularity steel plate of all having of steel plate and formation of breaking, prove that except that TiN particle size is that the throw out of 0.15 μ m only has a little to be distributed among the steel matrix.
On the other hand, along with the increase of described throw out (they are distributed in Nb content is among 0.3 quality % or the more steel matrix) number, linkage heat mechanical treatment condition, circularity improves.However, described sedimentary excessive distribution is inappropriate for circularity.
(product of %Ti * %N) is very inferior aspect post forming greater than 0.005 steel plate.The post forming of difference also shows on the steel plate with 0.02 quality %Nb.
The improvement of post forming (being hole flanging) is along with the increase of described throw out (they are distributed in Nb content is among 0.3 quality % or the more steel matrix) number obtains confirming.However, described sedimentary excessive distribution is inappropriate for post forming.
The dimensional precision of The above results proof press forming steel plate and post forming depend on that particle size is 0.15 μ m or bigger sedimentary distribution except that TiN.That is to say, make this class throw out by 5000-50000/mm
2The optimal heat machinery that the control of ratio distributes is handled, and is effective for dimensional precision and post forming.
Table 3: circularity and post forming and the relation of precipitate distribution except that TiN
Sample number into spectrum |
Plating numerals |
The annealing numbering |
The throw out number
* (/mm
2)
|
Circularity |
Post forming |
1 |
1 |
- |
12000 |
0.8 |
51 |
2 |
2 |
- |
11000 |
1.6 |
52 |
3 |
3 |
- |
12700 |
1.7 |
59 |
4 |
4 |
- |
14200 |
2.2 |
53 |
5 |
5 |
- |
13500 |
1.9 |
52 |
6 |
6 |
- |
12500 |
Break |
23 |
7 |
7 |
- |
12300 |
Break |
20 |
8 |
8 |
Y1 |
50 |
3.9 |
43 |
9 |
8 |
Y2 |
50 |
4.2 |
48 |
10 |
8 |
Y3 |
150 |
3.1 |
46 |
11 |
9 |
Y4 |
1000 |
3.2 |
42 |
12 |
9 |
Y5 |
1500 |
3.7 |
40 |
13 |
9 |
Y6 |
7000 |
2.2 |
62 |
14 |
9 |
Y7 |
32000 |
1.8 |
58 |
15 |
9 |
Y8 |
42000 |
1.9 |
52 |
16 |
9 |
Y9 |
80000 |
4.2 |
38 |
Throw out
*: particle size is 0.15 μ m or bigger except that TiN.
Embodiment 2
Have and form polylith stainless steel as shown in table 4 and in vacuum oven, melt and be cast into slab.Steel A-H belongs to the present invention, and the composition of the discontented unabridged version invention of steel I-L limits.
Each slab hot rolling is the thickness of 4.0mm, annealing, pickling, and cold rolling be the thickness of 2mm.Described cold-rolled steel sheet carries out process annealing, and continuing cold rolling is the final thickness of 0.5mm, carries out final annealing afterwards.Table 5 has provided the hot rolling terminal temperature, the condition of anneal hot-rolled steel sheet, process annealing and final annealing.
Table 4: the chemical constitution of ferritic stainless steel (quality %)
The iron and steel kind |
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Cr |
N |
Ti |
Nb |
Other |
Ti×N |
T
rf |
A |
0.013 |
0.06 |
0.18 |
0.032 |
0.0002 |
13.93 |
0.007 |
0.18 |
0.13 |
Zr:0.21 Al:0.08 |
|
|
B |
0.003 |
0.5 |
0.26 |
0.013 |
0.003 |
15.63 |
0.005 |
0.22 |
0.32 |
B:0.0072 Cu:1.22 |
0.0011 |
970 |
C |
0.006 |
0.08 |
0.26 |
0.023 |
0.002 |
16.55 |
0.008 |
0.18 |
0.25 |
Al:0.08 B:0.0015 |
0.0014 |
960 |
D |
0.008 |
0.08 |
0.36 |
0.022 |
0.001 |
17.3 |
0.009 |
0.14 |
0.25 |
Mo:1.02 |
0.0013 |
960 |
E |
0.01 |
0.2 |
0.52 |
0.024 |
0.003 |
22 |
0.011 |
0.31 |
0.24 |
Mo:0.5 |
0.0034 |
990 |
F |
0.008 |
0.16 |
0.36 |
0.009 |
0.004 |
9.8 |
0.009 |
0.2 |
0.22 |
|
0.0018 |
870 |
G |
0.003 |
0.17 |
0.21 |
0.01 |
0.0005 |
32 |
0.005 |
0.12 |
0.2 |
V:0.08 |
0.0006 |
1020 |
H |
0.006 |
0.1 |
0.17 |
0.027 |
0.001 |
16.52 |
0.011 |
0.15 |
0.25 |
B:0.0014 Al:0.016 Ni:0.1 |
0.0017 |
950 |
I |
0.04 |
0.26 |
0.31 |
0.03 |
0.003 |
16.8 |
0.007 |
0.12 |
0.23 |
|
0.0008 |
950 |
J |
0.008 |
0.2 |
0.31 |
0.02 |
0.002 |
18.3 |
0.008 |
0.1 |
0.04 |
|
0.0008 |
920 |
K |
0.013 |
0.19 |
0.21 |
0.012 |
0.003 |
17.3 |
0.012 |
0.12 |
0.8 |
|
0.0014 |
1030 |
L |
0.01 |
0.18 |
0.23 |
0.011 |
0.002 |
16.5 |
0.02 |
0.29 |
0.48 |
|
0.0058 |
1000 |
T
RfBe the recrystallize terminal temperature (℃).
Table 5: the terminal temperature of hot rolling and processing steel plate
The iron and steel kind |
Sample number into spectrum |
Terminal temperature (℃) |
Annealing
*1 |
Annealing
*2 |
Annealing
*3 |
Note |
(℃) |
(second) |
(℃) |
(second) |
(℃) |
(second) |
A |
A1 |
780 |
950 |
60 |
870 |
10 |
950 |
30 |
The invention example |
A2 |
760 |
890 |
60 |
950 |
600 |
980 |
30 |
Comparative Examples |
B |
B1 |
750 |
760 |
60 |
950 |
20 |
1000 |
5 |
The invention example |
B2 |
830 |
760 |
60 |
950 |
20 |
1020 |
5 |
Comparative Examples |
C |
C1 |
750 |
490 |
3600 |
950 |
30 |
1000 |
60 |
The invention example |
C2 |
760 |
490 |
7200 |
950 |
30 |
1000 |
60 |
Comparative Examples |
D |
D1 |
790 |
550 |
600 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
20 |
The invention example |
D2 |
740 |
550 |
600 |
900 |
60 |
1110 |
60 |
Comparative Examples |
E |
E1 |
780 |
850 |
600 |
900 |
60 |
1040 |
60 |
The invention example |
F |
F1 |
790 |
700 |
600 |
800 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
″ |
G |
G1 |
780 |
750 |
3600 |
1000 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
″ |
H |
H1 |
760 |
700 |
60 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
″ |
H2 |
760 |
700 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
Comparative Examples |
H3 |
760 |
1100 |
60 |
900 |
60 |
1000 |
60 |
″ |
H4 |
760 |
700 |
60 |
900 |
60 |
1100 |
70 |
″ |
I |
I1 |
780 |
890 |
20 |
920 |
30 |
980 |
60 |
″ |
J |
J1 |
770 |
700 |
3600 |
880 |
60 |
980 |
60 |
″ |
K |
K1 |
760 |
800 |
600 |
950 |
60 |
1050 |
60 |
″ |
L |
L1 |
770 |
760 |
60 |
950 |
60 |
1050 |
60 |
″ |
Annealing
* 1Be the thermal treatment of hot-rolled steel sheet.
Annealing
* 2It is the intermediate heat treatment in cold-rolled process.
Annealing
* 3Be the final thermal treatment of cold-rolled steel sheet.
Adopt the method identical that each block plate is tested, to study the dimensional precision and the post forming of sedimentary shape and distribution and press forming steel plate with embodiment 1.
Result in the table 6 shows, particle size except TiN wherein is that 0.15 μ m or bigger throw out are with 5000-50000/mm
2Ratio be distributed in ferrite stainless steel in the steel matrix, being pressed and being shaped for having 2.5% or the good profile of lower circularity.
On the other hand, contrast steel plate (they satisfy composition condition of the present invention, but they are produced under inappropriate condition), embodiment numbers A2, B2, C2 and D2, and (sedimentary distribution number is in 5000-50000/mm except that TiN owing to its metallographic structure
2Outside) reason, they have poor dimensional precision and post forming when the press forming state.
In steel plate I, owing to existing excessive C to become really up to the mark, and in the process of press forming, break.In steel plate K, owing to existing excessive N b to become too firm, and in compacting process, break.(product of %Ti * %N) also breaks in compacting process greater than 0.005 steel plate L, and wherein, described breaking beginning near thick TiN particle.The insufficient steel plate J of Nb has poor circularity when press forming.
Can be understood by above-mentioned contrast, be 0.15 μ m or bigger sedimentary distribution by control particle size except that TiN, and ferrite stainless steel can press forming be the purpose profile with high dimensional accuracy and good post forming.
Table 6: the relation of circularity and post forming and precipitate distribution
The steel plate kind |
Sample number into spectrum |
The precipitate distribution number
*(/mm
2)
|
Circularity (%) |
Post forming (%) |
Note |
A |
A1 |
7200 |
1.3 |
51 |
The invention example |
A2 |
4500 |
2.7 |
48 |
Comparative Examples |
B |
B1 |
12000 |
2.3 |
53 |
The invention example |
B2 |
4600 |
3.6 |
49 |
Comparative Examples |
C |
C1 |
23000 |
2 |
53 |
The invention example |
C2 |
80000 |
2.9 |
44 |
Comparative Examples |
D |
D1 |
16000 |
2.2 |
60 |
The invention example |
D2 |
320 |
3.6 |
32 |
Comparative Examples |
E |
E1 |
8000 |
0.9 |
50 |
The invention example |
F |
F1 |
12000 |
0.8 |
51 |
″ |
G |
G1 |
23000 |
2.2 |
50 |
″ |
H |
H1 |
13000 |
0.8 |
68 |
″ |
H2 |
100 |
2.9 |
48 |
Comparative Examples |
H3 |
50 |
3.2 |
44 |
″ |
H4 |
50 |
4 |
32 |
″ |
I |
I1 |
12000 |
Break |
12 |
″ |
J |
J1 |
130 |
3.3 |
34 |
″ |
K |
K1 |
78000 |
Break |
22 |
″ |
L |
L1 |
13000 |
Break |
22 |
″ |
*Throw out particle size except that TiN is 0.15 μ m or bigger.
According to above-mentioned the present invention, can be pressed and be shaped for having the ferrite stainless steel of high dimensional accuracy and good post forming, be to be that 0.15 μ m or bigger throw out are with 5000-50000/mm by particle size except that TiN
2Ratio be distributed in to have in the steel matrix that control forms and provide.Being suitable for the sedimentary shape of this class and the distribution of this purpose, is to realize by controlling the process annealing in hot rolling terminal temperature and annealing hot-rolled steel sheet, the cold-rolled process and the heat-treat condition of final annealing cold-rolled steel sheet suitably.By the ferritic stainless steel that this method is produced, in various different field, be very useful the element of the strict dimensional precision of those needs or the parts, for example, the sealing element that is used for Organnic electroluminescent device, precision stamping goods, receptor, utensil, the burner of stove, the oil filler pipe of tanks, motor casing, housing, sender unit cap, spray tube, thermostatic valve, bearing seal, flanges etc. can be used for substituting expensive austenite stainless steel plate.