CN100356113C - 动态蓄冰节能机组 - Google Patents
动态蓄冰节能机组 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100356113C CN100356113C CNB2005101206661A CN200510120666A CN100356113C CN 100356113 C CN100356113 C CN 100356113C CN B2005101206661 A CNB2005101206661 A CN B2005101206661A CN 200510120666 A CN200510120666 A CN 200510120666A CN 100356113 C CN100356113 C CN 100356113C
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- ice
- water
- working medium
- heat exchanger
- storage tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycol Chemical compound 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OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明公开了一种动态蓄冰节能机组，旨在提供一种节省占地面积、结构简单、维修简便、投资、运行费用低、蓄冰状态直观、制冰效率高、融冰取冷快且取冷温度恒定的动态蓄冰节能机组。本发明包括压缩机(1)、冷凝器(2)、节流阀(3)、蒸发器(4)、储液器(5)、冷却水泵(6)、冷却塔(7)、蓄冰槽(8)、循环水泵(9)、室内热交换器(13)、储气筒(10)、布水器(12)，所述蒸发器(4)为板式换热器，所述蒸发器(4)位于所述蓄冰槽(8)的上方，所述储气筒(10)的进口接入所述压缩机(1)与所述冷凝器(2)之间的制冷工质管路、出口并联若干个IV电磁阀(14)并接入所述板式换热器工质侧的进口。本发明可广泛应用于空调节能领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种动态蓄冰节能机组。
背景技术
空调蓄能技术是九十年代以来在国内兴起的一门实用综合技术，其可以对电网的电力起到移峰填谷的作用，有利于整个社会资源的优化配置，同时，由于峰谷电价的差额，空调蓄能技术使用户的运行电费大幅下降，因此是一项利国利民的技术。蓄能空调，就是利用蓄能设备在空调系统不需要能量或用能量小的时间内将能量蓄存起来，在空调系统需求量大的时间将这部分能量释放出来。根据使用对象和蓄存温度的高低，可以分为蓄冷空调和蓄热空调。
冰蓄冷空调是目前普遍使用的一种蓄冷式空调，结合电力系统的分时电价政策，在夜间用电低谷期，采用电制冷机制冷，将制得冷量以冰的形式蓄存起来，在白天空调负荷电价高峰期将冰融化释放冷量，用以部分或全部满足供冷需求。因此，蓄冷式空调，尤其是冰蓄冷空调，具有良好的节能特性和经济效益。现有的冰蓄冷空调系统都是在传统制冷机组的基础上另外增设蓄冰槽，这不仅增加了占地面积，还增加了设备投资费用；现有的蓄冰系统大多采用含25％～30％的乙二醇水溶液作为载冷剂，需要设置乙二醇水溶液管路，其结构复杂，系统运行不可靠，维修麻烦；另外蓄冰过程在蓄冰槽内进行，其蓄冰状态不直观，制冰效率低，融冰取冷慢且取冷温度不稳定。
所以，现有的技术存在以下不足：占地面积大、结构复杂、维修麻烦、投资、运行费用高、蓄冰状态不直观，制冰效率低，融冰取冷慢且取冷温度不稳定。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种节省占地面积、结构简单、维修简便、投资、运行费用低、蓄冰状态直观、制冰效率高、融冰取冷快且取冷温度恒定的动态蓄冰节能机组。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：本发明包括冷水机组、制冷工质冷却水循环系统、蓄冰系统、室内供冷系统、电脑自动控制装置，所述冷水机组包括压缩机、冷凝器、节流阀、蒸发器、储液器并依次通过制冷工质管路相连接组成循环回路，所述制冷工质冷却水循环系统包括冷凝器、冷却水泵、冷却塔并依次通过冷却水循环水管相连接组成循环回路，所述蓄冰系统包括蒸发器、蓄冰槽、循环水泵、I电磁阀并依次通过蓄冰水循环管路相连接组成循环回路，所述室内供冷系统包括蓄冰槽、循环水泵、II电磁阀、室内热交换器并依次通过供冷水循环管路相连接组成循环回路，所述动态蓄冰节能机组还包括储气筒，所述蒸发器为板式换热器，所述蒸发器位于所述蓄冰槽的上方，所述储气筒的进口连接III电磁阀并接入所述压缩机与所述冷凝器之间的制冷工质管路、出口并联个数与所述板式换热器的蒸发板数量相等的IV电磁阀并接入所述板式换热器工质侧的进口。
所述动态蓄冰节能机组还包括布水器，所述布水器位于所述板式换热器的上方。
本发明的有益效果是：由于本发明所述蒸发器位于所述蓄冰槽的上方，制冰过程在所述蒸发器上进行，在所述循环水泵的作用下，低温的循环水进入所述蒸发器的蒸发板模块上部的所述布水器，通过所述布水器的均匀分配，循环水沿所述蒸发器的蒸发板表面呈膜状均匀流下，制冷工质在所述蒸发板内蒸发吸热，部分循环水释放潜热结成冰附在所述蒸发板的表面，其余循环水流落到所述蓄冰槽内，由所述循环水泵吸入，从而完成制冰循环过程，随着时间的推移，所述蒸发板表面的冰层越来越厚，因此，本发明实质上是将冷水机组的蒸发器部分移动到蓄冰槽上方，而且不需要设置乙二醇水溶液管路，结构简单，维修简便，系统运行可靠；另外，本发明对所述蓄冰槽没有特殊要求，可利用宾馆、酒店等场所的消防水池、蓄水池等现有的储水装置作为蓄冰槽，省去了单独设置蓄冰槽的工程，节省占地面积，蓄冰槽中储存的只是冰和水，所以蓄冰槽既可作为夏季蓄冰槽，也可作为冬季的蓄热槽，故本发明节省占地面积、结构简单、维修简便、投资、运行费用低、蓄冰状态直观；由于本发明所述储气筒的进口连接III电磁阀并接入所述压缩机与所述冷凝器之间的制冷工质管路、出口并联个数与所述板式换热器的蒸发板数量相等的IV电磁阀并接入所述板式换热器工质侧的进口，根据制冰时间，控制所述蒸发板表面的冰层厚度为5～9mm，当制冰时间到设定值时，与某一蒸发模块相连接的所述IV电磁阀打开，部分热的制冷工质气体进入所述蒸发模块内，所述蒸发模块内温度升高，与所述蒸发板表面接触的冰由于受热失去附着力，同时沿所述蒸发板表面喷淋的水在冰层与所述蒸发板之间形成水膜，冰层依靠重力滑落到所述蓄冰槽内，破碎成小冰片；当某一蒸发板模块表面的冰完全脱落后，与所述蒸发板模块配套的所述IV电磁阀关闭，重新进入制冰状态，同时与另一蒸发板模块的制冷工质配套的所述IV电磁阀打开，进入脱冰过程，依次循环，直到所有蒸发板模块的冰脱落；当某一蒸发板模块进入脱冰过程时，其它蒸发板模块仍处于制冰状态，即为动态蓄冰过程，故本发明制冰效率高、融冰取冷快且取冷温度恒定。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构连接示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明包括冷水机组、制冷工质冷却水循环系统、蓄冰系统、室内供冷系统、电脑自动控制装置、储气筒10、布水器12，所述冷水机组包括压缩机1、冷凝器2、节流阀3、蒸发器4、储液器5并依次通过制冷工质管路相连接组成循环回路，所述制冷工质冷却水循环系统包括冷凝器2、冷却水泵6、冷却塔7并依次通过冷却水循环水管相连接组成循环回路，所述蓄冰系统包括蒸发器4、蓄冰槽8、循环水泵9、I电磁阀15并依次通过蓄冰水循环管路相连接组成循环回路，所述室内供冷系统包括蓄冰槽8、循环水泵9、II电磁阀16、室内热交换器13并依次通过供冷水循环管路相连接组成循环回路，所述蒸发器4为板式换热器，所述蒸发器4位于所述蓄冰槽8的上方，所述储气筒10的进口连接III电磁阀11并接入所述压缩机1与所述冷凝器2之间的制冷工质管路、出口并联与板式换热器的蒸发板数量相等的IV电磁阀14并接入所述板式换热器工质侧的进口，所述布水器12位于所述板式换热器的上方。
本发明的制冰过程在所述蒸发器4上进行，在所述循环水泵9的作用下，低温的循环水进入所述蒸发器4的蒸发板模块上部的所述布水器12，通过所述布水器12的均匀分配，循环水沿所述蒸发器4的蒸发板表面呈膜状均匀流下，制冷工质在所述蒸发板内蒸发吸热，部分循环水释放潜热结成冰附在所述蒸发板的表面，其余循环水流落到所述蓄冰槽8内，由所述循环水泵9吸入，从而完成制冰循环过程，随着时间的推移，所述蒸发板表面的冰层越来越厚，直到所述蒸发板表面的冰层厚度为5～9mm时，停止此蒸发模块制冰，并转入脱冰过程。
本发明的脱冰过程如下：根据制冰时间，控制所述蒸发板表面的冰层厚度为5～9mm，当制冰时间到设定值时，与某一蒸发模块相连接的所述IV电磁阀14打开，部分热的制冷工质气体进入所述蒸发模块内，所述蒸发模块内温度升高，与所述蒸发板表面接触的冰由于受热失去附着力，同时沿所述蒸发板表面喷淋的水在冰层与所述蒸发板之间形成水膜，冰层依靠重力滑落到所述蓄冰槽8内，破碎成小冰片；当某一蒸发板模块表面的冰完全脱落后，与所述蒸发板模块配套的所述IV电磁阀14关闭，重新进入制冰状态，同时与另一蒸发板模块的制冷工质配套的所述IV电磁阀14打开，进入脱冰过程，依次循环，直到所有蒸发板模块的冰脱落；当某一蒸发板模块进入脱冰过程时，其它蒸发板模块仍处于制冰状态，每一蒸发板模块的脱冰过程约持续30秒钟，即本发明为动态蓄冰。
在本发明运行过程中，所述电脑自动控制装置可根据制冰时间、用户需要等设定的值自动调节所述I电磁阀15、所述II电磁阀16、所述III电磁阀11、所述IV电磁阀14的开关状态，还可以自动调节所述压缩机1、所述冷却水泵6、所述循环水泵9、所述冷却塔7的运行工况，从而实现本发明的动态蓄冰供冷节能的效果。
本发明结构简单，维修简便，蓄冰状态直观，制冰效率高、融冰取冷快且取冷温度恒定，节省占地面积，投资、运行综合费用低，系统高度集成，简化机房设计的难度和工作量，特别适合宾馆、酒店、大型场馆等场所的空调机组使用。
本发明可广泛应用于空调节能领域。
在不脱离本发明思想的情况下，凡应用本发明说明书及附图内容及所做的各种等效变化，均理同包含于本发明的权利要求范围内。
Claims (2)
1.一种动态蓄冰节能机组，包括冷水机组、制冷工质冷却水循环系统、蓄冰系统、室内供冷系统、电脑自动控制装置，所述冷水机组包括压缩机(1)、冷凝器(2)、节流阀(3)、蒸发器(4)、储液器(5)并依次通过制冷工质管路相连接组成循环回路，所述制冷工质冷却水循环系统包括冷凝器(2)、冷却水泵(6)、冷却塔(7)并依次通过冷却水循环水管相连接组成循环回路，所述蓄冰系统包括蒸发器(4)、蓄冰槽(8)、循环水泵(9)、I电磁阀(15)并依次通过蓄冰水循环管路相连接组成循环回路，所述室内供冷系统包括蓄冰槽(8)、循环水泵(9)、II电磁阀(16)、室内热交换器(13)并依次通过供冷水循环管路相连接组成循环回路，其特征在于：所述动态蓄冰节能机组还包括储气筒(10)，所述蒸发器(4)为板式换热器，所述蒸发器(4)位于所述蓄冰槽(8)的上方，所述储气筒(10)的进口连接III电磁阀(11)并接入所述压缩机(1)与所述冷凝器(2)之间的制冷工质管路、出口并联个数与所述板式换热器的蒸发板数量相等的IV电磁阀(14)并接入所述板式换热器工质侧的进口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动态蓄冰节能机组，其特征在于：所述动态蓄冰节能机组还包括布水器(12)，所述布水器(12)位于所述板式换热器的上方。
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