CN100351171C - Method and apparatus for phosphine quick generation - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for phosphine quick generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100351171C CN100351171C CNB200410027132XA CN200410027132A CN100351171C CN 100351171 C CN100351171 C CN 100351171C CN B200410027132X A CNB200410027132X A CN B200410027132XA CN 200410027132 A CN200410027132 A CN 200410027132A CN 100351171 C CN100351171 C CN 100351171C
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- hydrogen
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- phosphine
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for phosphine quick generation, which mainly comprises five steps of throwing a medicament, air extraction, injecting nitrogen, water spraying and clearing. A device for implementing the method mainly comprises an explosion-proof pressure resistant tank which is connected with a residue elimination system, a phosphine purification system, a nitrogen injection system and a high pressure water spray system, wherein the phosphine purification system is connected in parallel to a pressure reduction storeroom; a reaction chamber is arranged in the tank; a medicine throwing mouth is arranged on the reaction chamber. Therefore, reacting substances are thrown in the reaction chamber, air is then adsorbed by the negative pressure reduction storeroom, so the air in the reaction chamber is purified by the phosphine purification system. Moreover, nitrogen and water are respectively charged and sprayed in the reaction chamber, so generated phosphine can be guided into the pressure reduction storeroom. After completion, a high pressure water column is used for flushing, and residues are discharged by the residue elimination system. Therefore, disinsection can be quickly carried out, and manually operated trouble and danger can be simplified.
Description
[technical field]
The invention relates to that a kind of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen generates method and device fast, particularly be easy to the phosphatization method for forming hydrogen about a kind of quick, easy, safety and cleaning, and the device that cooperates this method.
[background technology]
Human for exempting the influence that farm crop are subjected to disease and pest, in crop planting, gather, or even the storage transportation and sales all have the fiting chemical medicament to use, in order to avoid arduous achievement has become the victim under insect or the muroid food, then various in various degree, the agricultural chemical insecticide of effect just is developed listing one by one.
Because methyl bromide (Methyl Bromide, CH
3Br) toxicity all has effectiveness for the insect in each length of time, and seepage force is strong, therefore be widely used in pest control on the various fields, preserve such as books and other things concerned with books, in plant-growth and the agricultural production transportation and sales, yet, methyl bromide is for the skin of human body, eyes, respiratory system even internal organ all can cause directly and injury fast, also have carcinogenic possibility, moreover, methyl bromide also can make the ozone in the ozonosphere be decomposed, cause the thin and broken hole of ozonosphere, and the broken hole of ozonosphere has been universe's common problem, though the insecticidal effect of methyl bromide is remarkable, also can't search suitable substitute for the moment, but environmental protection organization of United Nations still just resolved in 1996 and gradually reduces the output and the consumption of things such as methyl bromide, and methyl bromide is seen some from this for the harm of the earth.
The significant methyl bromide of insecticidal effect is especially as one double knife-edge, and its hazardness is also very big, so industry has been developed with phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen (Phosphine, PH
3) as surrogate, and existing phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen using method, mostly with aluminium phosphide (Aluminium phosphide, AlP) the ingot spaced apart the storage space in, disengage gasiform phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen and residual solid-state aluminium hydroxide (Aluminium, Al (OH) down after making aluminium phosphide and water in air divide reaction
3); Also the someone uses magnesium phosphide (phosphide, Mg
3P
2) ingot, its characteristic and phosphatization aluminium ingot are similar, will disengage gasiform phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen and residual solid-state magnesium hydroxide (Magnesium Hydroxide, Mg (OH) down after reacting with water
2); Phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen is not light than methyl bromide to the harm of human body, and is residual and do not have carcinogenic danger, can not damage the ozone layer yet, and be a good selection therefore in order to substitute methyl bromide; Yet this kind adopts artificial dispensing, puts aluminium phosphide (or magnesium phosphide) ingot on storage ground, space, makes itself and the effect of water in air branch, and that the mode of generation phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen has following shortcoming to have is to be solved:
1, this kind mode desinsection required time needs a week approximately, can be used for the long soybean of preservation period, soya bean, wheat etc., but can't be applicable on the short fresh flower of freshness date, the fruit; Say again,, just can reduce the rate of utilization of decompression storeroom, its cost is improved because of the desinsection overlong time if decompression storeroom uses this kind disinsection method.
2, the big space of a stere is considered in different situations, needs 6～10 aluminium phosphide or phosphatization magnesium ingot approximately, but aluminium phosphide or phosphatization magnesium ingot can not be put by storehouse, answer blocks of spaced apart, in of such a size storage space, spacious day of artificial dispensing is time-consuming, does not have economic benefit really.
3, from the above, the mode of artificial dispensing is except labor intensive, careless slightly will damaging to the dispensing personnel, because of artificial dispensing needs every aluminium phosphide or phosphatization magnesium ingot are placed one by one, so make the dispensing personnel directly or indirectly be infected with aluminium phosphide (or magnesium phosphide) easily, or suction phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen, so also can cause detrimentally affect to human body.
4, aluminium phosphide or phosphatization magnesium ingot are reacting the back except generating phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen with water, also can be residual the aluminium hydroxide or the magnesium hydroxide of white powder down, though aluminium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide there is no serious detrimentally affect to human body and farm crop, but everywhere white powder still need be removed with manual type in the storage space, and incomplete aluminium phosphide or magnesium phosphide are blended in wherein if respond, and also can cause inconvenience to cleaning process.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention is intended to solve and causes in above-mentioned method for producing insecticide and the equipment that toxic is strong, rate of utilization is low and uses problem such as inconvenience.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen and generate method fast, mainly comprise:
(1) drops into medicament: reactant aluminium phosphide or magnesium phosphide are inserted in the reaction chamber;
(2) bleed: extraction valve is opened in dispensing back, and remains on opened condition, thus the gas in the reaction chamber will continue via the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system, flow to the decompression storeroom of negative pressure, the interior oxygen of reaction chamber is discharged from, and makes reaction chamber remain on negative pressure state;
(3) nitrogen injection: inlet open, by the nitrogen injected system continue to the reaction chamber nitrogen injection, avoid the too high danger of phosphine concentration by the inactive characteristic of nitrogen, and quicken driving a reaction indoor gas water conservancy diversion, gas can be inhaled toward decompression storeroom more quickly;
(4) watering: in reaction chamber, add water with the high pressure sprinkler system;
(5) remove: after react, the residue removal system of unlatching reaction chamber lower end, and spray water with the high pressure sprinkler system and to wash away residue in the reaction chamber, make residue fall into the residue removal system, and with its discharge.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of implementing preceding method, comprise a cell body, one reaction chamber is arranged in this cell body, cell body is provided with a dispensing confession reactant input, the reaction chamber lower end links a residue removal system, in the binding of reaction chamber upside one nitrogen injected system, a high pressure sprinkler system and a phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system are arranged, this phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system is connected with a decompression storeroom, decompression storeroom by negative pressure state makes in the reaction chamber gas stream through the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system and be purified, thereby makes the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen that generates in the reaction chamber suck decompression storeroom storage space.
Compare with prior art, the cell body of the quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen of the present invention links the residue removal system, the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system, nitrogen injected system and high pressure sprinkler system, this phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system is connected in a decompression storeroom, and be a reaction chamber in the cell body, this reaction chamber is provided with a dispensing mouth, reactant ingots such as aluminium phosphide or magnesium phosphide can be dropped in the reaction chamber by this, air-breathing by the decompression storeroom of negative pressure again, make the interior gas of reaction chamber through phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system purifying, and in reaction chamber, fill nitrogen and sprinkle water, the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen of generation is imported in the storage space of decompression storeroom, wash away residue with water jets under high pressure again after waiting to finish, and residue is discharged with the residue removal system; This kind desinsection mode just can be finished in about three hours, so not only can save the time of manual work, also can increase user's safety, and the formation speed of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen is very fast, can increases the rate of utilization of decompression storeroom, reduce cost of marketing, and the residue after using up will be discharged by the residue removal system, do not need to clear up separately, so the present invention is a kind of invention that quite has practicality and progressive in fact, quite be worth industrial community to be promoted, and make society know.Method of the present invention is easy, safety, rate of utilization height.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the quick generating apparatus structural representation of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen of the present invention.
[embodiment]
The invention relates to that a kind of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen generates method and device fast, wherein the quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen please refer to shown in Figure 1, the quick generating apparatus of this phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen mainly comprises the cell body 1 of an overpressure resistant and explosion-proof, it in this cell body 1 reaction chamber 10, and about 200 liters of the volume of the reaction chamber 10 of cell body 1, also can be required according to circumstances and be set to different sizes, these reaction chamber 10 hypomeres narrow down gradually and form a funnelform cone space 11, these cone space 11 bottom sides are provided with heating unit 12, and being provided with one, cone space 11 lower ends can open, the outlet valve 20 that closes, the other end of outlet valve 20 then is provided with a residue removal system 2, and this residue removal system 2 can utilize motor 21 to drive push rod 22 and will react the back surplus materials and be discharged by relief outlet 23; In addition, be provided with a bleeding point 3, an inlet mouth 4, dispensing mouthful 5 and one water inlet 6 at reaction chamber 10 upsides.
This bleeding point 3 is to be connected in a phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30, this phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30 is to be connected in a decompression storeroom 7 via an extraction valve 31, air pressure in these decompression storeroom 7 storage spaces is to remain on negative pressure state, therefore when extraction valve 31 is opened, reaction chamber 10, phosphine purification system 30, but the gas one-way flow of decompression storeroom 7, therefore gas will flow toward decompression storeroom 7 directions of negative pressure, and when gas process phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30, will be purified, gas outside the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen will be discharged from outside, and phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen is to be imported in the storage space of decompression storeroom, with the performance disinsection efficiency.
This inlet mouth 4 is provided with an intake valve 40, and intake valve 40 the other ends are connected with nitrogen injected system 41, inject the reaction chamber 10 of cell body 1 by this intake valve 40 and nitrogen injected system 41 may command nitrogen, and inlet mouth 4 extends a pipe portion 42 in reaction chamber, the outlet of these pipe portion 42 ends is to be positioned at cone space 11 near near the heating unit 12, the nitrogen that nitrogen injected system 41 is injected can be guided cone space 11 bottoms, and because the injection of nitrogen and the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen that can drive generation is guided to phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30 fast, be inhaled into again in the storage space of decompression storeroom 7 after purified.
Be provided with a dispensing valve 50 in this dispensing mouthfuls 5, this dispensing valve 50 is available for users to reactants such as aluminium phosphide or magnesium phosphide are dropped in the reaction chamber 10 of cell body 1 when opening, and this dispensing valve 50 can prevent the gas evolution that reaction chamber 10 is interior when cutting out.
This water inlet 6 is provided with a water valve 60, and water inlet 6 is along in the reaction chamber 10 that extends cell body 1 and form a sprinkler pipe 61, and water inlet 6 end in addition then is connected on the high pressure sprinkler system 62;
Be the quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen of the present invention as mentioned above, wherein this phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30, nitrogen injected system 41, high pressure sprinkler system 62 and decompression storeroom 7 are to belong to general prior art constructions.
And phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen of the present invention generation method fast is to comprise following five steps: (one) drops into that medicament, (two) are bled, (three) nitrogen injection, (four) watering, (five) are removed etc., below just does further to analyze at above steps:
This decompression storeroom 7 is to remain on negative pressure state before using, and the reaction chamber 10 of cell body 1 is a sealed state;
(1) drop into medicament: mouthfuls 5 dispensing valve 50 unlatchings of will offer medicine, drop into the valve 50 of will offeing medicine again behind an amount of reactant (aluminium phosphide or magnesium phosphide) and close;
(2) bleed: after treating that dispensing is finished, extraction valve 31 will be opened automatically, and during reaction be held open state, so the gas in the reaction chamber 10 will be constantly via phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30, flows to the decompression storeroom 7 of negative pressure, so the oxygen in the reaction chamber 10 can be discharged, to prevent the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen spontaneous combustion, also can make reaction chamber 10 remain on negative pressure state,, work the mischief in order to avoid the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen of Sheng Chenging is outwards overflowed subsequently;
(3) nitrogen injection: intake valve 40 is opened, and by nitrogen injected system 41 through inlet mouth 4 and pipe portion 42, cone space 11 nitrogen injections that continue to reaction chamber 10 lower ends, this measure is in order just to inject a large amount of nitrogen before a large amount of generations of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen, avoid the too high danger of phosphine concentration by the inactive characteristic of nitrogen, and nitrogen is the cone space 11 that is imported into reaction chamber 10 lower ends, also can help gas flow guiding in the reaction chamber 10, the gas of reaction chamber 10 bottoms is pushed to, and sucks in decompression storeroom 7;
(4) watering: of short duration unlatching water valve 60, spray water by sprinkler pipe 61 with high pressure sprinkler system 62, about five minutes of short duration once more unlatching water valve 60 water sprays in water spray back, required according to circumstances and can repetitiousness water spray three to five times, the purpose of of short duration water spray is for avoiding reactant reaction too fast, makes phosphine concentration too high and cause danger;
(5) remove: when the reactant effect finishes, after phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen also is imported into decompression storeroom 7 fully, just can close extraction valve 31, and open water valve 60, and high pressure sprinkler system 62 is annotated by sprinkler pipe 61 ejection high pressure waters, residue in the reaction chamber 10 is washed into the cone space 11 of reaction chamber 10 lower ends, outlet valve 20 is opened, and start residue removal system 2, and the residue in the reaction chamber 10 is poured in the residue removal system 2, discharge and residue is pushed through relief outlet 23 by push rod 22; After finishing, the residue removing stops water spray, and start heating unit 12 and open dispensing valve 50, the heat by heating unit 12 impels in the reaction chamber 10 moisture to be evapotranspired by dispensing mouthfuls 5, and reaction chamber 10 is kept dry, then just dispensing valve 5 and heating unit 12 can be closed, in order to reusing.
Method of the present invention is for making reactant reaction more complete, can set up the program of a heating between step (four) and step (five), its purpose and mode describe in detail as after.
Heating: after reaction was carried out about 30 minutes, reactant and resultant were reached running balance gradually, and the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen formation speed is eased up, and will start heating unit this moment, to accelerate the formation speed of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen, avoided reactant reaction incomplete; And after about 30 minutes of heating, because of the gases in the reaction chamber 10 continue to be inhaled into phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system 30, and be purified into phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen and import in the storage space of decompression storeroom 7, and reactant is applied totally gradually, so intake valve 40 can cut out and stops to heat.
Claims (7)
1. quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen, comprise a cell body, it is characterized in that: a reaction chamber is arranged in this cell body, cell body is provided with a dispensing confession reactant input, the reaction chamber lower end links a residue removal system, in the binding of reaction chamber upside one nitrogen injected system, a high pressure sprinkler system and a phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system are arranged, this phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system is connected with a decompression storeroom, decompression storeroom by negative pressure state makes in the reaction chamber gas stream through the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system and be purified, thereby makes the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen that generates in the reaction chamber suck decompression storeroom storage space.
2. the quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with heating unit in the reaction chamber bottom side.
3. the quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this reaction chamber hypomere shrinks gradually and forms a funnel-form cone space.
4. the quick generating apparatus of phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this nitrogen injected system is to be imported into lower end in the reaction chamber by a pipe portion, by the promotion of this nitrogen, makes the reaction indoor gas be guided the suction decompression storeroom more quickly.
5. a phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen generates method fast, mainly comprises:
(1) drops into medicament: reactant aluminium phosphide or magnesium phosphide are inserted in the reaction chamber;
(2) bleed: extraction valve is opened in dispensing back, and remains on opened condition, thus the gas in the reaction chamber will continue via the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen purification system, flow to the decompression storeroom of negative pressure, the interior oxygen of reaction chamber is discharged from, and makes reaction chamber remain on negative pressure state;
(3) nitrogen injection: inlet open, by the nitrogen injected system constantly to the reaction chamber nitrogen injection, avoid the too high danger of phosphine concentration by the inactive characteristic of nitrogen, and quicken driving a reaction indoor gas water conservancy diversion, gas can be inhaled toward decompression storeroom more quickly;
(4) watering: in reaction chamber, add water with the high pressure sprinkler system;
(5) remove: after react, the residue removal system of unlatching reaction chamber lower end, and spray water with the high pressure sprinkler system and to wash away residue in the reaction chamber, make residue fall into the residue removal system, and with its discharge.
6. phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen as claimed in claim 5 generates method fast, it is characterized in that: remove in step (four) watering and step (five), set up a heating steps between two steps, this heating steps is when the chemical reaction in the reaction chamber eases up, heat with heating unit, increase the phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen formation speed, then when reactant run out gradually finish after, close intake valve and stop to heat.
7. phosphuret-(t)ed hydrogen as claimed in claim 5 generates method fast, it is characterized in that: this step (five) removing is heated with heating unit after washing away when spraying water and finishing again, and unlatching dispensing mouth, make moisture evaporate to dryness in the reaction chamber, will offer medicine at last valve and heating unit are closed, in order to reusing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410027132XA CN100351171C (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2004-05-03 | Method and apparatus for phosphine quick generation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410027132XA CN100351171C (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2004-05-03 | Method and apparatus for phosphine quick generation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1594074A CN1594074A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| CN100351171C true CN100351171C (en) | 2007-11-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB200410027132XA Expired - Fee Related CN100351171C (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2004-05-03 | Method and apparatus for phosphine quick generation |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4814154A (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1989-03-21 | Degesch Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the preparation of a disinfecting fluid |
| US5573740A (en) * | 1990-06-21 | 1996-11-12 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Method and apparatus for generating phosphine |
| US5897841A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-27 | Shroff; Rajnikant D. | Continuous process for producing phosphine fumigant gas |
| AU4239599A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-10-07 | Degesch De Chile Ltda | Phosphine generator for producing phosphine-containing gas |
| US20030021852A1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2003-01-30 | Martin Munzel | Method for pest control and for producing low-concentration phosphine air mixtures and device for carrying out a method of this type |
-
2004
- 2004-05-03 CN CNB200410027132XA patent/CN100351171C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4814154A (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1989-03-21 | Degesch Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the preparation of a disinfecting fluid |
| US5573740A (en) * | 1990-06-21 | 1996-11-12 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Method and apparatus for generating phosphine |
| AU4239599A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-10-07 | Degesch De Chile Ltda | Phosphine generator for producing phosphine-containing gas |
| US5897841A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-27 | Shroff; Rajnikant D. | Continuous process for producing phosphine fumigant gas |
| US20030021852A1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2003-01-30 | Martin Munzel | Method for pest control and for producing low-concentration phosphine air mixtures and device for carrying out a method of this type |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1594074A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20071128 Termination date: 20100503 |