CN100350985C - 用于插管的方法和系统 - Google Patents

用于插管的方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN100350985C
CN100350985C CNB028011945A CN02801194A CN100350985C CN 100350985 C CN100350985 C CN 100350985C CN B028011945 A CNB028011945 A CN B028011945A CN 02801194 A CN02801194 A CN 02801194A CN 100350985 C CN100350985 C CN 100350985C
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沙伊·埃弗拉蒂
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Hoss P Taco breathing Ltd
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Abstract

一种插管方法和系统，包括：将气管内导管插入病人的气道内；使与该气管内导管连接的封套在病人气道内的、低于声带的位置处进行充气；监测在病人气道内的、在封套和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置处的二氧化碳浓度；以及至少部分根据所述监测结果来调节该封套的充气，以便使该封套的充气大致能够防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏。

Description

用于插管的方法和系统
发明领域
本发明通常涉及插管系统和方法。
背景技术
下面的美国专利以及说明了本领域的情况，这些美国专利为：6062223、5937861、5819723、5765559、5752921、5582167、5582166、5579762、5067497、4825862、4770170、4501273、4159722、4305392、3794036以及3504676。
发明内容
本发明的目的是对插管系统和方法进行改进。
因此，根据本发明的优选实施例，提供了一种插管方法，该方法包括：
将气管内导管插入病人的气道内；
使与该气管内导管连接的封套在病人气道内的、低于声带的位置处进行充气；
监测在病人气道内的、在封套和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置处的二氧化碳浓度；以及
至少部分根据监测结果来调节该封套的充气，以便使该封套的充气大致能够防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏。
优选的是，该封套的充气可被调节成提供能防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏的最小充气压力。
根据本发明的优选实施例，该方法还包括在封套和声带之间的抽吸位置处抽吸分泌物。
优选是，该抽吸位置位于封套和二氧化碳监测位置之间。
根据本发明的优选实施例，调节充气由医务人员根据通过二氧化碳监测而接收的信息来进行。可供选择的是，调节充气可以根据通过二氧化碳监测而接收的信息自动进行。
优选是，该方法包括将二氧化碳监测管插入病人的气道中，并延伸到二氧化碳监测位置。
另外或也可供选择的是，该方法包括将抽吸管插入病人的气道中，并延伸到抽吸位置。
该二氧化碳监测管也可以作为抽吸管并延伸到抽吸位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，将气管内导管插入病人的气道内包括插入布置在该气管内导管内的二氧化碳监测管和抽吸管中的至少一个。
根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种插管系统，该插管系统包括：
气管内导管，该气管内导管适于插入病人的气道内；
可充气封套，该可充气封套与气管内导管连接，并布置成位于病人气道内的、低于声带的位置处；
二氧化碳监测器，用于监测在病人气道内的、在封套和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置处的二氧化碳浓度；以及
可充气封套的充气机，用于能够至少部分根据二氧化碳监测器的输出来调节该封套的充气，以便使该封套的充气大致能够防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏。
根据本发明的一个实施例，该充气机包括适配(adaptive)充气机，该适配充气机用于使该封套充气至能够防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏的最小充气压力。
优选是，该系统还包括抽吸器，用于抽吸在该封套和声带之间的抽吸位置处的分泌物。
根据本发明的优选实施例，该系统包括二氧化碳监测管和抽吸管中的至少一个，该二氧化碳监测管与二氧化碳监测器相连，并从该二氧化碳监测器伸向二氧化碳监测位置，该抽吸管伸向抽吸位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，该二氧化碳监测管也作为抽吸管，并也将用于抽吸分泌物的抽吸器与在封套和声带之间的抽吸位置连接。
可供选择的是，提供有单独的抽吸管，用于使抽吸分泌物的抽吸器与在封套和声带之间的抽吸位置连接。
二氧化碳监测管和抽吸管中的至少一个或两个都可以位于该气管内导管的内部。
附图描述
通过下面的详细说明并结合附图，能够更好地了解本发明，附图中：
图1是表示根据本发明优选实施例构成并进行操作的插管系统及其功能结构的简化示意图；以及
图2A、2B、2C和2D是图1的系统的四种可选实施例的简化示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参考图1，该图是表示根据本发明优选实施例构成并进行操作的插管系统及其功能结构的简化示意图。
如图1所示，提供了一种优选的插管系统和方法，其中，气管内导管10插入病人的气道中。优选是，可充气封套12与该气管内导管10连接，并布置成位于病人气道11中的、声带下面的位置处。该气管内导管10和可充气封套12可以完全为普通类型，也可以选择采用本发明的整体特征，如后面所述。该气管内导管10可以以普通方式与通风器(未示出)连接，而该可充气封套12可以也以普通方式与人工操作或自动操作的充气装置(未示出)连接。
根据本发明优选实施例，提供有二氧化碳监测器14，该二氧化碳监测器14用于在监测病人气道11内且在封套12和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置16处的二氧化碳浓度。优选是，提供有二氧化碳监测管18，用于使监测器14与监测位置16连接。
优选是，提供有抽吸装置20，用于抽吸在封套12和声带之间的抽吸位置22处的分泌物。
本发明的特殊特征是，二氧化碳监测器14提供了病人气道11通过可充气封套12充分密封的准确指示，从而能够提供最小的有效充气，因此对病人气道11的损害最小。对病人气道进行的准确和侵犯最小的密封与用于除去在封套12上游的抽吸位置22处的分泌物的抽吸装置的操作相组合，能够通过有效防止该分泌物进入该封套12下游的气道11中而减小感染。该有效防止分泌物进入是非常有效地密封气道11以及除去该封套12上游的分泌物的结果。应当知道，通过抽吸装置20在抽吸位置22进行抽吸的效果由于在封套12处对气道进行非常有效的密封而增强。
应当知道，根据本发明的一个实施例，封套充气机可以根据二氧化碳监测器的准确输出而自动进行操作。
下面参考图2A、2B、2C、2D，这些图是图1的系统的四种可选实施例的简化示意图。参考图2A，图中表示了本发明的第一实施例，其中，气管内导管100插入病人的气道111中，可充气封套112与该气管内导管100连接，并可在病人气道111内的、声带下面的位置处进行充气。该气管内导管100通常但不必须与通风器114连接。封套112通过充气管116与人工操作或自动操作的封套充气机118相连。
根据图2A中所示的本发明的优选实施例，二氧化碳监测器120通过在气管内导管100外部的二氧化碳监测管122而与在封套112和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置124相连。抽吸装置126也与该管122连接，以便抽吸在抽吸位置处的分泌物，在本实施例中，该抽吸位置与二氧化碳监测位置124相同。
参考图2B，图中表示了本发明的第二实施例，其中，气管内导管200插入病人的气道211中，可充气封套212与该气管内导管200连接，并可在病人气道211内的、声带下面的位置处进行充气。该气管内导管200通常但不必须与通风器214连接。封套212通过充气管216与人工操作或自动操作的封套充气机218相连。
根据图2B中所示的本发明的优选实施例，二氧化碳监测器220通过在气管内导管200内部的二氧化碳监测管222而与在封套212和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置224相连。抽吸装置226也与该管222连接，以便抽吸在抽吸位置处的分泌物，在本实施例中，该抽吸位置与二氧化碳监测位置224相同。
参考图2C，图中表示了本发明的第三实施例，其中，气管内导管300插入病人的气道311中，可充气封套312与该气管内导管300连接，并可在病人气道311内的、声带下面的位置处进行充气。该气管内导管300通常但不必须与通风器314连接。封套312通过充气管316与人工操作或自动操作的封套充气机318相连。
根据图2C中所示的本发明的优选实施例，二氧化碳监测器320通过在气管内导管300外部的二氧化碳监测管322而与在封套312和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置324相连。
在本实施例中，抽吸装置326与一个也在气管内导管300外部的单独抽吸管328连接，以便抽吸在抽吸位置330处的分泌物，优选是，该抽吸位置在二氧化碳监测位置324的上游。
参考图2D，图中表示了本发明的第四实施例，其中，气管内导管400插入病人的气道411中，可充气封套412与该气管内导管400连接，并可在病人气道411内的、声带下面的位置处进行充气。该气管内导管400通常但不必须与通风器414连接。封套412通过充气管416与人工操作或自动操作的封套充气机418相连。
根据图2D中所示的本发明的优选实施例，二氧化碳监测器420通过在气管内导管400内部的二氧化碳监测管422而与在封套412和声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置424相连。
在本实施例中，抽吸装置426与一个也在气管内导管400内部的单独抽吸管428连接，以便抽吸在抽吸位置440处的分泌物，优选是，该抽吸位置在二氧化碳监测位置424的上游。
本领域普通技术人员应当知道，本发明并不局限于上面所特别表示和介绍的。本发明的范围还包括对上述各种特征的组合和变形，以及本领域技术人员通过阅读本发明可知的、且不属于现有技术的各种变化和改变。

Claims (16)

1.一种插管系统，包括：
气管内导管，该气管内导管适于插入病人的气道内；
可充气封套，该可充气封套与气管内导管连接，并布置成位于病人气道内的、低于声带的位置处；
二氧化碳监测器，用于监测在病人气道内的、在封套与声带之间的二氧化碳监测位置处的二氧化碳浓度；以及
可充气封套的充气机，用于能够至少部分根据所述二氧化碳监测器的输出来调节该封套的充气，以便使该封套的充气大致能够防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏。
2.根据权利要求1所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述充气机包括适配充气机，该适配充气机用于使所述封套充气至能够防止二氧化碳通过该封套泄漏的最小充气压力。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的插管系统，其特征在于还包括：抽吸器，用于抽吸在该封套与声带之间病人气道内的抽吸位置处的分泌物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述抽吸位置位于封套和二氧化碳监测位置之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的插管系统，其特征在于还包括：
二氧化碳监测管，该二氧化碳监测管与所述二氧化碳监测器连接，并从该二氧化碳监测器伸向所述二氧化碳监测位置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管也作为抽吸管，并也使得用于抽吸分泌物的抽吸器与在封套与声带之间病人气道内的抽吸位置相连接。
7.根据权利要求5所述的插管系统，其特征在于还包括：抽吸管，用于使抽吸分泌物的抽吸器与在封套与声带之间病人气道内的抽吸位置连接。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述抽吸位置位于所述二氧化碳监测位置的上游。
9.根据权利要求5-7中任意一个所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管中的至少一个位于所述气管内导管的内部。
10.根据权利要求5-7中任意一个所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管中的至少一个位于所述气管内导管的外部。
11.根据权利要求5-7中任意一个所述的插管系统，其中：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管都位于所述气管内导管的内部。
12.根据权利要求5-7中任意一个所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管都位于所述气管内导管的外部。
13.根据权利要求8所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管中的至少一个位于所述气管内导管的内部。
14.根据权利要求8所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管中的至少一个位于所述气管内导管的外部。
15.根据权利要求8所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管都位于所述气管内导管的内部。
16.根据权利要求8所述的插管系统，其特征在于：所述二氧化碳监测管和所述抽吸管都位于所述气管内导管的外部。
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