CN100341459C

CN100341459C - Medical radio capsule

Info

Publication number: CN100341459C
Application number: CNB021259291A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王卫东; 杨云生; 陈广飞
Original assignee: Chinese PLA General Hospital
Current assignee: Chinese PLA General Hospital
Priority date: 2002-08-05
Filing date: 2002-08-05
Publication date: 2007-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 2022-08-05
Also published as: CN1473545A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of electronics or biomedical engineering, which is an important component part of a radio endoscope system. The electric supply of an image collector, and the communication of the image collector and a system in the traditional endoscope system are realized by cables. The use of the cables not only limits the inspection range of an endoscope, but also brings pain to a patient. A medical radio capsule which is designed by the present invention is used for the radio endoscope system, and the radio endoscope system thoroughly gets rid of the connecting mode of the cables. The present invention mainly solves two serious problems that first, a problem is brought by the conversion of wire communication to radio communication, namely that the image collection and transmission part of the endoscope and an endoscope system are separated, and are packed in the medical radio capsule, image data which is collected by the image collector is transmitted outside a body in a radio communication mode, and the image data is sent to an image workstation to be processed after the image data is received by a receiving system positioned outside the body; second, the problem of the restriction of power consumption due to the fact that batteries are used by the system to supply electricity is solved. Therefore, a micro-power consumption device is adopted and an application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) is designed to lower the power consumption of the system, and the working time of the medical radio capsule sufficiently meets the inspection requirements of a whole digestive tract. In addition, the system also has the characteristic that the working state and the parameters of the image collector in the body are remotely controlled by a radio device outside the body.

Description

Medical radio capsule

Technical field

The invention belongs to electronics and biomedical engineering field, is a kind of novel digestive tract disease diagnostic equipment.

Background technology

The use of endoscope is the main means of digestive system disease diagnosis.At present, also without any external image system (as MRI, CT, gastrointestinal series etc.) can with its analogy.But in the sight glass system in tradition, communicating by letter between the power supply of image acquisition device and image acquisition device and the system realizes by cable.The use of cable not only makes the examination scope of endoscope be restricted, and returns the patient and brings misery.For example, when the pusher endoscope of tubulose (Push Endoscopy) was used for the digestive system inspection, the person under inspection was painful big, thereby is not suitable for old, weak and critical patient; Simultaneously, when checking patient also can face infected on the risk of infectious disease.In order to control this risk, patient needs to carry out the inspection of infectious disease before inspection, thereby brings very big inconvenience to patient.

We invent novel medical radio capsule, owing to adopted the transceiving view data, make endoscopic system become wireless system by wired system.It can overcome the weakness of conventional endoscope effectively, as swallow, problem such as infection.The more important thing is that the radio endoscopic system can be checked through the long small intestinal of 5-7 rice, and traditional endoscope can't accomplish.

Summary of the invention

The designed device of the present invention is the part of radio endoscopic system.Usually, the radio endoscopic system is made up of three parts: medical radio capsule, image recorder, browsing image work station.This patent provides the design of medical radio capsule.

The subject matter that the present invention solves is: wireless communication problems and system's powerup issue.The settling mode of first problem is that the image acquisition of endoscope and transmission system and image receiving system are separated, and communicates by wireless mode.For this reason, with the image acquisition and the transmission system miniaturization of endoscope, so that can be encapsulated in the capsule.This capsule should satisfy the requirement of the following aspects: (1) volume is little, to guarantee that the patient can easily swallow and to pass through whole digestive tract smoothly; (2) in light weight, in order to avoid cause the digestive tract perforation; (3) rf frequency can not be too high, to reduce the damage to human body of radio-frequency (RF) energy deposition and radio frequency; (4) light source that is used to throw light on should be a cold light source, to avoid the damage to the digestive tract wall; (5) be applicable to the chemical environment that the intestines and stomach is interior, promptly pH value is between 2 to 8.The settling mode of second problem is the little power consumption system of design, makes the detection that is enough to guarantee all-digestive tract service life of battery.For this reason, we adopt little power consumption IC and ASIC circuit.

In addition, the present invention has also solved following problem: the reliability and the safety Design of (1) image data transmission, and the design of image acquisition, coding, modulation and launching technique; (2) provide a high-resolution spatial resolution that surpasses conventional endoscope, its resolution capability can reach 512 * 512, and this resolving power is adjustable variable; (3) in imaging process, we both can adopt the light emitting diode (LED) of white to carry out Color Image Acquisition, can use the LED of red, green, blue (RGB) color to carry out the image three-colo(u)r collection again, thus combined color image; (4) can carry out infrared thermal imaging to digestive tract; (5) can be by the duty and the parameter of external radio device remote control in-vivo image harvester.

Description of drawings

The theory diagram of Fig. 1 radio endoscope;

The optical system configuration composition of Fig. 2 radio endoscope;

Fig. 3 microcontroller is connected with RF transceiver;

Fig. 4 cmos image sensor is connected with microcontroller;

Fig. 5 microcontroller is connected with led array;

The data word form of Fig. 6 picture coding.

The specific embodiment

Principle of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, the core of whole device comprises two parts: first image acquisition part.It comprises the light path that is used for LED array for illumination and drive circuit thereof, is used for optical imagery, the imageing sensor that is used for image data acquiring.It two is that the ASIC circuit of image wireless electrical transmission comprises that the microcontroller, the radiofrequency signal that are used for system's control receive and R-T unit, antenna and the transmit-receive switch of emission.Microcontroller is mainly used in duty, image acquisition rates, data modulation system, the data coded system of control figure image-position sensor, duty of RF transceiver etc.

The front end of medical radio capsule has the glass outer housing of a spherical crown shape printing opacity, as shown in Figure 2.Its shell adopts acidproof, alkaline-resisting and nontoxic material to make.The bell glass the inside is packaged with lens, light emitting diode matrix and drive circuit thereof, angle is the pinhole imaging system diaphragm of 135 degree.Diaphragm is installed in above the drive circuit of the diode of giving out light, four light emitting diodes be centered around diaphragm around, the drive circuit back is a pantoscope.The lens back is a cmos image sensor, and its resolving power is 256 * 256.

The rear end of medical radio capsule is a RF transceiver, and schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3.View data is delivered to the dual-mode antenna emission through transmit-receive switch after modulators modulate and amplifier amplification.Dual-mode antenna is a LC agitator.When receiving instruction, signal is delivered to transmit-receive switch through dual-mode antenna, after amplifier amplification and demodulator demodulation, gives microcontroller again.

Fig. 4 is the connection layout of imageing sensor and microcontroller.Imageing sensor is a CMOS monolithic image pick-up device, and it can pass through I ²The C bus is produced into various patterns and parameter, as single frames pattern, interlacing scan, line by line scan, time of exposure, spatial resolution, temporal resolution etc., the one, be used for all kinds of occasions.Microcontroller is a dedicated IC chip, and its major function is that the view data that imageing sensor is parallel converts the data of serial output to, and carries out specific coded system, and delivers to RF transceiver.Another function of microcontroller is carried out power management and switch identification exactly, and the switch of power supply adopts magnetic switch.

Another part of the present invention is the drive circuit of a light emitting diode, its circuit theory diagrams, and as shown in Figure 5, the flicker frequency of light emitting diode can be up to 325 KHz.

Following several aspect is mainly considered in the selection of the mode of rf modulations:

1. to consider at first that signal amplitude is to the influence of reliability of data transmission in the radio frequency transmission process.Because can change receptor amplitude to the received signal during the position of the pill of motion, therefore adopting amplitude modulation(PAM) is a method that can not adopt.

2. improving the sensitivity of receptor to radiofrequency signal, also is the aspect that needs consideration.Suitable rf modulations mode can improve the sensitivity of receptor to radiofrequency signal, also can reduce the deposition of radiofrequency signal in human body simultaneously.

3. reduce the sensitivity of data to components and parts tolerance and systematic parameter drift.Consider the reliability and the accuracy that can further improve system of this respect.

Based on the consideration of above three aspects, the frequency modulation(PFM) that we can adopt (FM), on-off keying (OOK), frequency keying (FSK), pulsewidth modulation (PWM), pulse length modulation several modulation systems such as (PDM).

We have provided common data Methods for Coding among Fig. 6, and preceding 5 kinds of methods need the good clock between receptor and the emitter synchronous, and pulse interval coding (PDW) method can adopt asynchronous sequential demodulator circuit to realize that data receive.Therefore, the present invention adopts pulse interval coding (PDW) method to carry out the coding of view data.Another advantage of this method is to reduce the bandwidth of radio frequency transmit and receive, and is convenient to demodulation in when radio frequency receives.

Claims

1. medical radio capsule is used for the inspection of digestive tract disease, it is characterized by and contains:

A shell,

A single chip CMOS imager, i.e. imageing sensor,

A light emitting diode matrix,

An asic chip, this asic chip comprise a radio transceiver and a microcontroller,

A power supply;

Cmos imager is used to gather the optical imagery of digestive tract inwall; And led array provides illumination for the image acquisition of this imager; Radio transceiver is used to modulate and send view data and reception and the demodulation external remote control signal that imager is gathered; The data that microcontroller is used to control image acquisition, the transceiver of luminous, the imager of led array transmit, external remote control date processing and instruction are carried out.

2. medical radio capsule according to claim 1, it further is characterized as: said microcontroller comprises risc processor and bluetooth nuclear.

3. medical radio capsule according to claim 1, it further is characterized as: said radio transceiver comprises receptor and emitter.

4. medical radio capsule according to claim 1, it further is characterized as: said led array comprises three or more LED, LED can be white, red, green, blue, infrared light.

5. medical radio capsule according to claim 1, it further is characterized as: said power supply is a battery.

6. medical radio capsule according to claim 3, it further is characterized as: said emitter further comprises FM/FSK/OOK/PWM/PDM modulation and emission.

7. medical radio capsule according to claim 3, it further is characterized as: said receptor further comprises FM/FSK/OOK/PWM/PDM and receives and demodulation.

8. medical radio capsule according to claim 1, it further is characterized as: said cmos imager further comprises the collection of infrared image.

9. medical radio capsule according to claim 1, it further is characterized as: said microcontroller further comprises the data encoding format of pulse interval sign indicating number.