CN100340847C - 一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN100340847C
CN100340847C CNB2005100865784A CN200510086578A CN100340847C CN 100340847 C CN100340847 C CN 100340847C CN B2005100865784 A CNB2005100865784 A CN B2005100865784A CN 200510086578 A CN200510086578 A CN 200510086578A CN 100340847 C CN100340847 C CN 100340847C
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CN1746643A (zh
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韩静涛
彭定军
刘靖
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法，属于有机功能材料的制造技术领域。选择弹性模量在50～500MPa的基体高分子材料，先将导电性配料在真空干燥箱中60～100℃真空干燥8～12小时，然后升温至110～130℃，用质量为导电性配料0.5～3%的钛酸酯偶联剂在干燥箱中偶联处理1～3小时；混合料在开放式炼胶机上135～195℃混炼均匀压片；混炼料在平板硫化机上135～195℃热模压成长方体试样，最后在压力成型机上室温冷压定型。优点在于：在室温下显示橡胶特性，高温下又能速滑成型，适用于一般的挤出、注射、吹塑和压延等加工工艺，他与硫化橡胶相比较有不用硫化而加工方便、制品硬度和弹性可变幅度大。

Description

一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机功能材料的制造技术领域，特别是提供了一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法。
背景技术
材料在应力或应变作用下的电阻机械效应即压力—电阻特性，其反映的是材料受外力作用而发生变形时所伴随的电阻率变化。传统的基于材料的压力—电阻特性研制出的硅应力传感器、铜锰合金应力传感器和石墨应力传感器已被应用于机器人、航空航天、汽车、生物医学和环境监控等领域。然而，在一些具有规则和不规则曲面的复杂结构挤压应力的测量过程中，要求传感器不但具备良好的压力—电阻特性，而且具有优秀的柔韧力学性能。因此，对于研制柔性挤压应力传感器(触觉传感器)而言，寻求新的力学敏感材料显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供了一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法，解决了传统的基于压力—电阻特性力学敏感材料使用过程中柔韧性和强度问题，提供了一种纳米级导电炭黑填充热塑性弹性体的复合材料的制备方法。
敏感材料是指能感受到外部环境或内部状态的各种非电的物理、化学或生物学变化，并通过改变其物理性能(最常见的形式是改变其电容或电阻)做出反应的材料。本发明的压力传感器用敏感材料是一种力学敏感材料，它对外加应力能够做出电阻敏感响应，并且能保持机械性质完好。力学敏感材料首先要求基体高分子本身是柔性的，并且还有一定的韧性和强度，在此基础上才能够有效改善炭黑填充型压力敏感导电复合材料的压力测量范围。
本发明选择弹性模量在50～500MPa的基体高分子材料，先将导电性配料在真空干燥箱中60～100℃真空干燥8～12小时，然后升温至110～130℃，用质量为导电性配料0.5～3％的钛酸酯偶联剂在干燥箱中偶联处理1～3小时；导电性配料、基体高分子材料、硬脂酸按照质量百分比20～40∶100∶1.5配比混合，搅拌均匀；混合料在开放式混炼机上135～195℃混炼均匀压片；混炼料在平板硫化机上135～195℃热模压成长方体试样，最后在压力成型机上室温冷压定型。
本发明的优点或积极效果：
本发明做的大量实验表明：最佳的基体材料是使用热塑性弹性体。热塑性弹性体是一种兼具橡胶和热塑性塑料特性的材料，在室温下显示橡胶特性，高温下又能速滑成型，适用于一般的挤出、注射、吹塑和压延等加工工艺，他与硫化橡胶相比较有不用硫化而加工方便、制品硬度和弹性可变幅度大的优点。
在绝缘基体高分子中填充导电填料所制得的高分子导电复合材料，与金属材料相比不仅具备独特的电学和力学性质，还具有质量小、成本低、易加工和耐腐蚀等特点，其重要的学术价值和工程应用背景因而受到了广泛关注。用这种复合材料制备的力敏元件不受被测物体表面形状的限制，可以被广泛应用于各种规则和不规则曲面的挤压应力测量。用MEMS工艺设计的夹层式结构，使复合材料制备的力敏元件具有更加优异的柔韧力学性能，而且其制备工艺简单，适合制作大面积柔性传感器阵列。
高分子导电复合材料自身具备应变感应功能，与以往使用嵌入式或粘贴式应变传感器的情况相比，意味着成本减少、延展性提高、感应体积增大而机械性质却基本不受损害。
附图说明
图1是本发明的兼有力学性能和电学性能复合体系的超网络结构示意图。
图2是以热塑性弹性体SBS为基体高分子填充30％导电炭黑的试样压力—电阻特性实验散点图及拟合曲线图。
图3是以热塑性弹性体SBS为基体高分子填充40％导电炭黑的试样压力—电阻特性实验散点图及拟合曲线图。
图4是以热塑性弹性体TPU为基体高分子填充30％导电炭黑的试样压力—电阻特性实验散点图及拟合曲线图。
图5是以热塑性弹性体TPU为基体高分子填充40％导电炭黑的试样压力—电阻特性实验散点图及拟合曲线图。
图6是以热塑性弹性体POE为基体高分子填充30％导电炭黑的试样压力—电阻特性实验散点图及拟合曲线图。
图7是以热塑性弹性体POE为基体高分子填充40％导电炭黑的试样压力—电阻特性实验散点图及拟合曲线图。
具体实施方式
先将导电炭黑VXC72在DZ-2BC型真空干燥箱中80℃真空干燥10h，然后升温至120℃，用质量为导电炭黑1.5％的钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ105在干燥箱中偶联处理2h，再将①导电炭黑VXC72、热塑性弹性体POE-8150、硬脂酸按照质量百分比20/30/40∶100∶1.5配比混合，搅拌均匀，得到三份混合料②导电炭黑VXC72、热塑性弹性体TPU-WHT15、硬脂酸按照质量百分比20/30/40∶100∶1.5配比混合，搅拌均匀，得到三份混合料③导电炭黑VXC72、热塑性弹性体SBS4402、硬脂酸按照质量百分比20/30/40∶100∶1.5配比混合，搅拌均匀，得到三份混合料；混合料在XSK-160型开放式混炼机上混炼均匀压片；混炼料在XQLB350×350型25吨平板硫化机上热模压成20×20×10mm3的长方体试样，最后在45吨压力成型机上室温冷压定型。

Claims (1)

1、一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法，其特征在于：选择弹性模量在50～500MPa的基体高分子材料；先将导电炭黑在真空干燥箱中60～100℃真空干燥8～12小时，然后升温至110～130℃，用质量为导电炭黑0.5～3％的钛酸酯偶联剂在干燥箱中偶联处理1～3小时；导电炭黑、基体高分子材料、硬脂酸按照质量百分比20～40∶100∶1.5配比混合，搅拌均匀；混合料在开放式混炼机上135～195℃混炼均匀压片；混炼料在平板硫化机上135～195℃热模压成长方体试样，最后在压力成型机上室温冷压定型。
CNB2005100865784A 2005-10-10 2005-10-10 一种电阻式压力传感器用力学敏感材料的制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100340847C (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19542533A1 (de) * 1995-11-15 1997-05-22 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sensormaterial
JPH10256003A (ja) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-25 Thueringisches Inst Fuer Textil & Kunststoff Forsch Ev センサー材料の製造方法
AT408228B (de) * 1997-02-25 2001-09-25 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur herstellung von sensormaterial und seine verwendung
CN1654935A (zh) * 2005-02-07 2005-08-17 哈尔滨理工大学 半导电高分子材料压力和温度传感器的标定装备及标定工艺

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19542533A1 (de) * 1995-11-15 1997-05-22 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sensormaterial
AT408228B (de) * 1997-02-25 2001-09-25 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur herstellung von sensormaterial und seine verwendung
JPH10256003A (ja) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-25 Thueringisches Inst Fuer Textil & Kunststoff Forsch Ev センサー材料の製造方法
CN1654935A (zh) * 2005-02-07 2005-08-17 哈尔滨理工大学 半导电高分子材料压力和温度传感器的标定装备及标定工艺

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