CH719206A2 - Clockwork resonator mechanism with rotating flexible guide. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clockwork resonator mechanism, comprising a structure carrying, by a flexible suspension (300), an anchoring block (30) from which is suspended an inertial element oscillating around a pivot axis extending along a first direction Z, according to a first degree of freedom in rotation RZ, under the action of the restoring forces of a flexible pivot (200) comprising elastic longitudinal blades (3) each fixed to said inertial element and to said anchoring block (30), the flexible suspension (300) allowing the mobility of the anchor block (30) according to five degrees of freedom. The resonator mechanism is a composite assembly made of at least two distinct materials, on the one hand for the flexible pivot (200), on the other hand for the flexible suspension (300).

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a clockwork resonator mechanism, comprising a structure and an anchoring block from which is suspended at least one inertial element arranged to oscillate according to a first degree of freedom in rotation RZ about a pivot axis extending in a first direction Z, said inertial element being subjected to restoring forces exerted by a flexible pivot comprising a plurality of substantially longitudinal elastic strips, each fixed, at a first end to said anchoring block, and at a second end of said inertial element, each said elastic blade being deformable essentially in an XY plane perpendicular to said first direction Z, the structure carrying this anchoring block by a flexible suspension which allows the mobility of the anchoring block according to five degrees of freedom.

The invention also relates to a clock oscillator comprising at least one such resonator mechanism.

[0003] The invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising at least one such oscillator and/or such a resonator mechanism.

[0004] The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a clock movement, and/or such an oscillator, and/or such a resonator mechanism.

The invention relates to the field of clockwork resonators, and more particularly those which comprise elastic blades acting as return means for the operation of the oscillator, and the shock protection of such mechanisms with flexible guides.

Background of the invention

[0006] Very good performance is obtained with clock oscillators comprising elastic blades constituting a flexible guide, and in particular resonators with crossed blades. The use of a pivot with flexible guidance makes it possible to replace the pivot of a balance wheel as well as its spiral spring. This has the advantage of eliminating pivot friction and therefore of increasing the quality factor of the resonator. As the inertial mass, in particular a pendulum, is suspended from the flexible guide, generally but not limited to silicon, it is necessary to provide an anti-shock device so that the blades do not break during a fall.

[0007] One way to achieve this shockproof was presented in application CH 715526 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse, incorporated here by reference. A flexible structure (called anti-shock) is inserted between the flexible pivot and the plate which authorizes the movements of the balance according to all the degrees of freedom (translations X, Y, Z and rotations X, Y) except the Z rotation of the balance which is authorized by the flexible pivot, and mechanical stops are added to limit the stroke of the balance. During major shocks, this shock absorber allows the balance wheel to move as far as the mechanical stops, while protecting the flexible silicon pivot from breaking. During micro shocks, the rigidity of the shock absorber is high enough for the balance wheel not to touch the mechanical stops. In application CH 715526, the shock absorber and the flexible pivot are made in a single monolithic piece of silicon. This has advantages in terms of simplicity of manufacture and assembly. Nevertheless silicon is a fragile material, so that, during very violent shocks, it can happen that the part breaks because the maximum stress is exceeded.

[0008] It is thus necessary to further improve the shock protection of such oscillators, while ensuring the torsion rigidity of their suspension. The shock resistance also depends on this torsional stiffness; indeed, during out-of-plane shocks, the stress undergone by the blades rapidly reaches very high values, which correspondingly reduces the travel that the part can travel before yielding. Shock absorbers for timepieces come in many variants. However, their main purpose is to protect the fragile pivots of the axle, and not the elastic elements, such as conventionally the spiral spring.

The document EP3054357A1 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse SA describes a horological oscillator comprising a structure and separate primary resonators, temporally and geometrically out of phase, each comprising a mass returned to the structure by an elastic return means. This oscillator comprises coupling means for the interaction of the primary resonators, comprising motor means for driving a mobile in motion which comprises drive and guide means arranged to drive and guide a control means articulated with transmission means , each articulated, at a distance from the control means, with a mass of a primary resonator. The primary resonators and the mobile are arranged in such a way that the axes of the articulations of any two of the primary resonators and the axis of articulation of the control means are never coplanar.

[0010] The document EP3035127A1 in the name of SWATCH GROUP RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Ltd describes a clock oscillator comprising a resonator consisting of a tuning fork which comprises at least two oscillating mobile parts, fixed to a connecting element by flexible elements whose geometry determines a virtual pivot axis of determined position relative to a plate, and around which the respective movable part oscillates, the center of mass of which coincides in the rest position with the respective virtual pivot axis.

[0011] For at least one moving part, the flexible elements consist of elastic blades crossed at a distance from each other in two parallel planes, the projections of the directions of which on one of the parallel planes intersect at the level of the virtual pivot axis of the moving part.

[0012] New architectures of mechanisms make it possible to maximize the quality factor of a resonator, by the use of flexible guidance with the use of a lever escapement with a very small angle of lift, according to demand. CH01544/16 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse and its derivatives, the teachings of which can be directly used in the present invention, and the resonator of which can be further improved as regards its sensitivity to shocks, in certain particular directions. It is therefore a question of protecting the blades from breaking in the event of impact. We realize that the anti-shock systems proposed to date for resonators with flexible guides, protect the shock blades in certain directions only, but not in all directions, or they have the defect of letting the embedding of the flexible pivot according to its rotation of oscillation, which is to be avoided as much as possible.

[0013] Application CH00518/18 or application EP18168765.8 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse describes a clockwork resonator mechanism, comprising a structure carrying, by a flexible suspension, an anchoring block from which an inertial element is suspended. oscillating according to a first degree of freedom in rotation RZ, under the action of restoring forces exerted by a flexible pivot comprising first elastic blades each fixed to said inertial element and to said anchoring block, the flexible suspension being arranged to allow a certain mobility of the anchor block according to all the degrees of freedom other than the first degree of freedom in rotation RZ according to which only the inertial element is mobile to avoid any disturbance of its oscillation, and the rigidity of the suspension according to the first degree of freedom in rotation RZ is very much greater than the rigidity of the flexible pivot according to this same first degree of freedom in rotation RZ.

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes to optimize the shock protection of such an oscillator, while ensuring the required torsional stiffness of the suspension, in particular for a resonator mechanism according to CH00518/18 or application EP18168765.8 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse, or for a similar resonator with flexible guides.

[0015] By improving the torsional rigidity of the suspension, the protection of the blades against breaking in the event of impact is also improved. A good rotary resonator with flexible guidance, which constitutes a flexible pivot and defines a virtual pivot axis, must be both very flexible for the rotation of oscillation according to a first degree of freedom in rotation RZ, and also very rigid according to the other degrees of freedom (X, Y, Z, RX, RY) so as to avoid parasitic movements of the center of mass of the resonator. Indeed, such parasitic movements can cause walking errors, if the orientation of the resonator changes in the field of gravity (one speaks of position error). The suspension of the embedding of the pivot must be very rigid according to the degree of freedom of the oscillation, so as not to disturb the isochronism of the resonator, and so as not to dissipate energy via movements due to the reaction forces.

[0016] The invention proposes to produce an improved shock absorber for an oscillator with flexible guidance, to better manage the torsional rigidities of the suspension, and consequently to limit the out-of-plane displacement travel of the blades of a blade resonator. , and therefore to ensure better performance of the system

To this end, the invention relates to a blade resonator mechanism according to claim 1.

The invention also relates to a clock oscillator comprising at least one such resonator mechanism.

The invention also relates to a clock movement comprising at least one such resonator mechanism.

[0020] The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a clock movement, and/or such a resonator mechanism.

Brief description of the drawings

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where: - Figure 1 shows, schematically, and in plan view, a resonator mechanism with elastic blades, comprising an inertial mass suspended from an anchor block by a flexible pivot comprising two parallel levels of elastic blades, the directions in which these blades extend crossing, in projection, at the level of an axis virtual pivoting of this inertial element, according to the application according to application CH00518/18 or application EP18168765.8 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse, and whose teachings can be used in the case of the present invention; this resonator mechanism is shown in a particular, non-limiting configuration, where it comprises two translation tables arranged to allow restricted freedom to intermediate masses that the resonator comprises between the anchoring block and the attachment to a plate; it is noted that each of these translation tables comprises elongated elastic elements whose direction is substantially directed towards the pivot axis at the level of the virtual pivot defined by the elastic blades; the inertial element here carries an inertial mass in the form of a balance wheel with adjustment screws, and also carries a protruding element, of the ankle or similar type, arranged to cooperate with an escapement mechanism not shown, and in particular with an anchor, or even directly with an escape wheel; this mechanism further comprises upper and lower stops to limit the travel of the inertial mass and protect the blades from the flexible guide; - Figure 2 shows, schematically and in perspective, the improvement according to the invention of a resonator mechanism according to Figure 1; the resonator mechanism, shown after removal of the connecting elements to a fixed structure of the watch, is a composite assembly made of at least two distinct materials, and which comprises, on the one hand the flexible pivot, which is made of a first material , and on the other hand the flexible suspension, which is made of a second material, the flexible pivot being held in an elastic clamp integrated into the flexible suspension; - Figure 3 shows, schematically and in plan view, a detail of the mechanism according to the invention of Figure 2, showing the interaction between the elastic clamp of the flexible suspension and the anchoring block of the flexible pivot; - Figure 4 shows, similarly to Figure 2, a mechanism similar to that of Figure 1, comprising two translation tables with rectilinear elastic blades, on two superimposed and parallel levels; - Figure 5 shows, schematically and in perspective, a detail of the variant of Figure 4, showing such a translation table with rectilinear elastic blades, on two superimposed and parallel levels; - Figure 6 shows, similarly to Figure 5, another variant of a similar mechanism, but whose translation tables comprise rectilinear flexible rods of substantially square section; - Figure 7 is a block diagram representing a watch comprising a movement comprising, on the one hand such a resonator mechanism, and on the other hand an oscillator mechanism comprising such a resonator mechanism.

Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments

The invention relates to a clockwork resonator mechanism, which constitutes a variant of the resonators described in application CH00518/18, or application EP18168765.8 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse, or application CH 715526 or the application EP 3561607 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse incorporated here by reference, and whose characteristics the person skilled in the art will be able to combine with those specific to the present invention.

[0023] The invention starts from the observation that silicon (or silicon and/or a silicon oxide) is the most suitable material for the flexible pivot, but not for shock-absorbing. In fact, in order to fulfill its shock-absorbing role, the structure must be capable of large deformations with high accumulation of elastic energy. Certain metallic materials are better suited than silicon for this function. For example, the NiP material is more suitable than silicon. Indeed, the Young's modulus is 90GPa for NiP against 150GPa for Si, and the maximum stress 1700MPa for NiP against 1000MPa for Si. This means that the maximum authorized deformation is three times greater for NiP than for the If.

The invention therefore consists of making the pivot in a first material, in particular silicon or equivalent, and making the shockproof in a second material, in particular nickel phosphorus NiP or equivalent, this second material having very different physical properties. of the first material.

[0025] The difficulty consists in assembling the two parts without adding too much mass to the place of assembly. In order to achieve this we propose to use an elastic assembly, with or without glue. An example of practical realization is presented in figures 2 and 3.

This clock resonator mechanism 100 comprises, as seen in Figure 1, a structure 1 and an anchor block 30, from which is suspended at least one inertial element 2 which is arranged to oscillate according to a first degree of freedom in rotation RZ around a pivot axis D extending in a first direction Z. This inertial element 2 is subjected to restoring forces exerted by a flexible pivot 200 comprising a plurality of substantially longitudinal elastic blades 3, each fixed , at a first end to the anchor block 30, and at a second end to the inertial element 2. Each elastic blade 3 is deformable essentially in an XY plane perpendicular to the first direction Z.

The anchor block 30 is suspended from the structure 1 by a flexible suspension 300, which is arranged to allow the mobility of the anchor block 30 according to five flexible degrees of freedom of the suspension which are: - a first degree of freedom in translation along the first direction Z, – a second degree of freedom in translation along a second direction X orthogonal to the first direction Z, – a third degree of freedom in translation along a third direction Y orthogonal to the second direction X and in the first direction Z, – a second degree of freedom in rotation RX around an axis extending along the second direction X, – and a third degree of freedom in rotation RY around an axis extending along the third Y direction.

According to the invention, the resonator mechanism 100 is a composite assembly made of at least two distinct materials, and which comprises, on the one hand the flexible pivot 200, which is made of a first material characterized by a first module of Young E1 and by a first elastic limit Sigma 1 and by a first tenacity G1, and on the other hand the flexible suspension 300, which is made of a second material characterized by a second Young's modulus E2 and by a second elastic limit Sigma 2 and by a second tenacity G2.

By toughness is meant here the toughness G=K1 c^2/E, where K1c is the fracture toughness and E the Young's modulus. A high G toughness means that the part is able to store more elastic energy before breaking.

More particularly, the value of the second toughness G2 is greater than ten times the value of the first toughness G1. More particularly still, the value of the second tenacity G2 is greater than eighty times the value of the first tenacity G1. This is the case when the first material is silicon and/or a silicon oxide, and when the second material is NiP, the G2/G1 ratio is close to 100;

More particularly, the Sigma 2/E2 ratio is at least twice the Sigma 1/E1 ratio.

More particularly, the value of the first Young's modulus E1 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the value of the second Young's modulus E2.

More particularly, the value of the second elastic limit Sigma 2 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the value of the first elastic limit Sigma 1.

[0034] More particularly, at least one inertial element 2 is secured to the flexible pivot 200.

[0035] More particularly, the flexible suspension 300 is integral with the structure 1.

[0036] More particularly, the flexible pivot 200 is removable with respect to the flexible suspension 300.

[0037] More particularly, the flexible suspension 300 comprises gripper elements, in particular jaws 939, to immobilize the flexible pivot 200. Advantageously, these jaws 939 constitute the gripping elements of an elastic gripper 930. FIG. 3 shows under the locates 938 the rest position of this clamp.

[0038] More particularly, the flexible suspension 300 comprises at least one pocket 933 which is capable of receiving glue to immobilize the flexible pivot 200.

[0039] More particularly, the junction between the flexible suspension 300 and the flexible pivot 200 is made on the anchor block 30, which preferably comprises reliefs 309 of complementary shape to the profile of the elements 939.

In particular, the clamp 930 is suspended from an intermediate mass 305, which is itself suspended from the structure 1 or from another intermediate mass 303.

This elastic assembly has the advantage of minimizing the added mass.

More particularly, the Sigma 2/E2 ratio is at least three times the Sigma 1/E1 ratio.

More particularly, the first material is silicon and/or a silicon oxide.

More particularly, the second material is nickel-phosphorus NiP.

[0045] In particular, the toughness of silicon is almost 100 times lower than that of all nickel alloys. A pair with the first material which is silicon and/or a silicon oxide, and the second material which is nickel-phosphorus NiP, is particularly advantageous for the desired shockproof application And the dissipation (losses) of the NiP is larger than that of silicon, which is an additional advantage.

[0046] Naturally, alloys other than nickel phosphorus NiP can have an elastic limit ratio sigma/Young's modulus E which is high enough to fulfill the conditions of the invention. In this case, nickel phosphorus NiP has the major advantage of being able to be shaped precisely with the "LIGA" method (Lithography Galvano-Abformung), with perfect geometry and tight tolerances perfectly compatible with the requirements. watchmakers. For the particular application illustrated by the figures, the flexible suspension 300 is advantageously, but not limitatively, made from a nickel-phosphorus NiP board with a thickness of between 180 and 420 micrometers.

[0047] Figure 3 describes the assembly of the flexible pivot 200 with the flexible suspension 300, and shows the assembly area in detail, and also describes the assembly procedure. The assembly is done in three stages: first of all the elastic clamp 930 (in particular made of NiP) is separated in order to be able to insert the anchoring block 30 (in particular made of silicon) into the jaws 939; then the clamp 930 is released so that its jaws 939 grip and block the reliefs 309 of the anchor block 30; finally, only if necessary, glue is inserted into at least one pocket 933 between the clamp 930 and the anchor block 30.

[0048] The elastic clamp 930 is designed so that the clamping force is high. It is therefore important to ensure that the Hertzian pressure does not exceed the maximum stress at contact between the jaw 939 and the relief 309 of the anchoring block 30 made of silicon. For this reason, the shape of the jaw 939 matches that of the relief 309, so that the difference in radius of curvature is as small as possible. The fact of giving a certain flexibility to the jaw 939 allows it to deform slightly to accommodate any geometry errors between the clamp 930 and the anchor block 30.

The pocket 933 provided for the glue is made up, on the one hand, of at least one wide zone where it is easy to insert the glue, as well as on the other hand at least one narrower zone which helps to distribution of the glue by capillarity.

[0050] The use of the torsional flexibility of a translation table makes it possible to better manage the torsional rigidities of the suspension. To do this, the blades of the XY tables are oriented so that the direction of greatest flexibility in torsion aims at the axis of rotation of the resonator. Their flexibility in torsion is managed by bringing the blades closer to each other.

Thus, the flexible suspension 300 advantageously comprises between the anchor block 30 and a first intermediate mass 303, which is fixed to the structure 1 directly or by means of a flexible plate 301 in the first direction. Z, a transverse translation table 32 with flexible guidance, and which comprises transverse blades 320 or transverse flexible rods 1320, rectilinear and extending in the second direction X and in symmetry around a transverse axis D2 crossing the axis pivot D.

In a particular non-limiting embodiment, and as illustrated by the figures, the flexible suspension 300 further comprises, between the anchor block 30 and a second intermediate mass 305, a longitudinal translation table 31 with flexible guidance, and which comprises longitudinal blades 310 or longitudinal flexible rods, straight and extending in the third direction Y and in symmetry around a longitudinal axis D1 crossing the pivot axis D. And, between the second intermediate mass 305 and the first intermediate mass 303, the transverse translation table 32 with flexible guidance comprises transverse blades 320 or transverse flexible rods, rectilinear and extending in the second direction X and in symmetry around the transverse axis D2 crossing the axis pivot D.

More particularly, the longitudinal axis D1 crosses the transverse axis D2, and in particular the longitudinal axis D1, the transverse axis D2, and the pivot axis D are concurrent.

More specifically, the longitudinal translation table 31 and the transverse translation table 32 each comprise at least two blades or flexible rods, each blade or rod being characterized by its thickness in the second direction X when the blade or rod extends in the third direction Y or vice versa, by its height in the first direction Z, and by its length in the direction in which the blade or rod extends, the length being at least five times greater than the height, the height being at least as great as the thickness, and more particularly at least five times greater than this thickness, and more particularly still at least seven times greater than this thickness.

More particularly, the transverse translation table 32 comprises at least two blades or transverse flexible rods, parallel to each other and of the same length. Figures 1 and 4 illustrate a non-limiting variant with four parallel transverse blades, and, more particularly, each consisting of two half-blades arranged on two superimposed levels, and extending in the extension of one another according to the first direction Z. These half-blades can either be entirely free with respect to each other, or else secured by gluing or the like, or by growth of SiO2 in the case of an execution in silicon, or the like. Naturally, the longitudinal translation table 31, when it exists since it is optional, can obey the same principle of construction. FIG. 6 illustrates a variant with flexible rods, grouped into two levels of two rods, of substantially square section; another variant has circular flexible rods. The number, arrangement and section of these blades or rods may vary without departing from the present invention.

More particularly, the blades or transverse rods of the transverse translation table 32 have a first plane of symmetry, which is parallel to the transverse axis D2, and which passes through the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the blades or transverse rods of the transverse translation table 32 have a second plane of symmetry, which is parallel to the transverse axis D2, and orthogonal to the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the blades or transverse rods of the transverse translation table 32 have a third plane of symmetry, which is perpendicular to the transverse axis D2, and parallel to the pivot axis D.

More specifically, the blades or transverse rods of the transverse translation table 32 extend over at least two levels parallel to each other, each level being perpendicular to the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the arrangement of the blades or transverse rods of the transverse translation table 32 is identical on each of the levels.

More particularly, the transverse blades or rectilinear flexible rods 320 are flat blades whose height is at least five times greater than their thickness.

[0062] More particularly, the transverse blades or rectilinear flexible rods 320 are square or circular section rods whose height is equal to the thickness.

More particularly, the longitudinal translation table 31 comprises at least two blades or longitudinal flexible rods, parallel to each other and of the same length.

More particularly, the blades or longitudinal rods of the longitudinal translation table 31 have a first plane of symmetry, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis D1, and which passes through the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the blades or longitudinal rods of the longitudinal translation table 31 have a second plane of symmetry, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis D1, and orthogonal to the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the blades or longitudinal rods of the longitudinal translation table 31 have a third plane of symmetry, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis D1, and parallel to the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the blades or transverse rods of the longitudinal translation table 31 extend over at least two levels parallel to each other, each level being perpendicular to the pivot axis D.

More particularly, the arrangement of the blades or transverse rods of the longitudinal translation table 31 is identical on each of the levels.

More particularly, the longitudinal blades or rectilinear flexible rods 310 are flat blades whose height is at least five times greater than their thickness.

[0070] More particularly, the longitudinal strips or rectilinear flexible rods 310 are rods of square or circular section, the height of which is equal to the thickness.

In particular, the resonator mechanism 100 comprises axial stop means comprising at least a first upper axial stop and a second lower axial stop to limit the travel in translation of the inertial element 2 at least along the first direction Z , the axial abutment means being arranged to cooperate in abutment bearing with the inertial element 2 for the protection of the longitudinal blades 3 at least against axial shocks in the first direction Z, and the second plane of symmetry is substantially at equal distance of the first axial stop 7 and of the second axial stop 8.

In a particular variant, the resonator mechanism 100 comprises a plate fixed to the structure 1 or integral with it, comprising at least one flexible blade 302 extending in a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis D and fixed to the first intermediate mass 303, and which is arranged to allow mobility of the first intermediate mass 303 in the first direction Z. More particularly, the plate 301 comprises at least two such coplanar flexible blades. Such a plate 301 is however optional if the height of the blades of the XY translation tables is low compared to the height of the flexible blades 3, in particular less than a third of the height of the flexible blades 3, and in particular if these translation tables comprise flexible rods as in figure 6.

As explained above, the technology used for manufacturing makes it possible to obtain two separate blades in the height of a silicon wafer, which promotes the torsion flexibility of the table without softening it for translation. And the resonator mechanism 100 can thus advantageously comprise at least two superimposed elementary assemblies, which each group together a level of the anchoring block 30, and/or of a base of the at least one inertial element 2, and of the flexible pivot 200 or of the flexible suspension 300 which still form a composite assembly, and/or of the first intermediate mass 303, and/or of the transverse translation table 32, and/or of a breakable element used only during assembly and destroyed before commissioning the oscillator; each elementary assembly can be assembled with at least one other elementary assembly by bonding or similar, by mechanical assembly, or by growth of SiO2 in the case of an execution in silicon, or similar.

More particularly, such an elementary assembly further comprises at least one level of the second intermediate mass 305 and/or of the longitudinal translation table 31.

The invention also relates to a clockwork oscillator mechanism 500 comprising such a clockwork resonator mechanism 100, and an escapement mechanism 400, arranged to cooperate with each other.

The invention also relates to a clock movement 1000 comprising at least one such oscillator mechanism 500 and/or at least one resonator mechanism 100.

The invention also relates to a watch 2000 comprising at least one such movement 1000 and/or at least one oscillator mechanism 500 and/or at least one such resonator mechanism 100.

Claims (20)

1. Clockwork resonator mechanism (100), comprising a structure (1) and an anchoring block (30) from which is suspended at least one inertial element (2) arranged to oscillate according to a first degree of freedom in rotation RZ around a pivot axis (D) extending in a first direction Z, said inertial element (2) being subjected to restoring forces exerted by a flexible pivot (200) comprising a plurality of substantially longitudinal elastic blades (3) , each fixed, at a first end to said anchoring block (30), and at a second end to said inertial element (2), each said elastic blade (3) being deformable essentially in an XY plane perpendicular to said first direction Z, wherein said anchor block (30) is suspended from said structure (1) by a flexible suspension (300) arranged to allow the mobility of said anchor block (30) according to five flexible degrees of freedom of the suspension which are a first degree of freedom in translation along said first direction Z, a second degree of freedom in translation along a second direction X orthogonal to said first direction Z, a third degree of freedom in translation along a third direction Y orthogonal to said second direction X and to said first direction Z, a second degree of freedom in rotation RX around an axis extending along said second direction X, and a third degree of freedom in rotation RY around an axis extending along said third direction Y, and characterized in that said resonator mechanism (100) is a composite assembly made of at least two distinct materials, and which comprises, on the one hand said flexible pivot (200) made of a first material characterized by a first Young's modulus E1 and by a first elastic limit Sigma 1 and by a first tenacity G1, and on the other hand said flexible suspension (300) made of a second material characterized by a second Young's modulus E2 and by a second elastic limit Sigma 2 and by a second tenacity G2. 2. Resonator mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of said second toughness G2 is greater than ten times the value of said first toughness G1. 3. Resonator mechanism (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Sigma 2/E2 ratio is at least twice the Sigma 1/E1 ratio. 4. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the value of said first Young's modulus E1 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the value of said second Young's modulus E2. 5. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the value of said second elastic limit Sigma 2 is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the value of said first elastic limit Sigma 1. 6. resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said at least one inertial element (2) is integral with said flexible pivot (200). 7. resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said flexible suspension (300) is integral with said structure (1). 8. resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said flexible pivot (200) is removable relative to said flexible suspension (300). 9. resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said flexible suspension (300) comprises clamp elements (939) to immobilize said flexible pivot (200). 10. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said flexible suspension (300) comprises at least one pocket (933) capable of receiving glue to immobilize said flexible pivot (200). 11. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the junction between said flexible suspension (300) and said flexible pivot (200) is made on said anchor block (30). 12. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Sigma 2/E2 ratio is at least three times the Sigma 1/E1 ratio. 13. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said first material is silicon and/or a silicon oxide. 14. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said second material is nickel-phosphorus NiP. 15. Resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said flexible suspension (300) comprises, between said anchor block (30) and a first intermediate mass (303), which is fixed to said structure (1) directly or via a flexible plate in said first direction Z, a transverse translation table (32) with flexible guidance and comprising transverse blades or transverse, rectilinear flexible rods (320, 1320 ) and extending in said second direction X and in symmetry around a transverse axis (D2) crossing said pivot axis (D). 16. Resonator mechanism (100) according to claim 15, characterized in that said flexible suspension (300) comprises, between said anchor block (30) and a second intermediate mass (305), a longitudinal translation table (31) with flexible guidance and comprising longitudinal strips or longitudinal, rectilinear flexible rods (310, 1310) and extending in said third direction Y and in symmetry around a longitudinal axis (D1) crossing said pivot axis (D), and includes said transverse translation table (32) between said second intermediate mass (305) and said first intermediate mass (303). 17. Resonator mechanism (100) according to claim 16, characterized in that said longitudinal axis (D1) crosses said transverse axis (D2). 18. Resonator mechanism (100) according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that said longitudinal translation table (31) and said transverse translation table (32) each comprise at least two said blades or flexible rods, each said blade or rod being characterized by its thickness in said second direction X when said blade or rod extends in said third direction Y or vice versa, by its height in said first direction Z, and by its length in the direction in which said blade extends or stem, said length being at least five times greater than said height, said height being at least as great as said thickness. 19. Clockwork movement (1000) comprising at least one resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 18, and/or at least one clockwork oscillator mechanism (500) comprising a resonator mechanism (100) d timepiece according to one of claims 1 to 18 and an escapement mechanism (400), which are arranged to cooperate with each other. 20. Watch (2000) comprising at least one movement (1000) according to claim 19 and/or at least one resonator mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 18.