CH717102A1 - Blackout insulating system to reduce heat loss in an opening in a building wall. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating blackout system (10) for reducing thermal losses in an opening (14) of a building wall (12), said system comprising: - a doorway (100) delimiting, by surrounding it, this opening (14), and comprising a bottom portion, a top portion and side portions, the wall (12) having this opening (14), this wall having a first face (12a) and a second face (12b), in which: a / said system further comprises at least one blackout shutter (16), b / said shutter (16) and said embrasure (100) forming between them an arrangement preventing a thermal bridge, c / said system (10) comprises in in addition to an airtight element arranged between the embrasure (100) and the shutter (16), d / said embrasure (100) comprises a thermally insulating connection zone covering the opening (14) and the portion of the second face (12b) of the wall of the building which surrounds the opening (14).

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to an insulating blackout system for reducing heat loss in an opening in a building wall. This opening corresponds in particular to a window opening allowing light to pass through all or part of the surface of this opening, or a door opening.

The thermal insulation concerns of buildings remain important and improvement solutions are always sought. This is particularly the case concerning the insulation at the level of the openings of a building.

State of the art

[0003] Document FR2340443 describes a blackout system in which a shutter is used which consists of a wooden or plastic box filled with expanded polyester, glass wool, cork or even, for the sake of economy, air. A preferably plastic frame surrounds the shutter and extends to the window. This system does not guarantee the airtightness between the shutter and the frame in the closed position, nor does it prevent thermal bridges in certain parts of the system when it is mounted in the wall opening. of a building.

[0004] Document FR2343882 describes another insulation system in which the shutter is insulated to prevent heat loss through the opening of the window and the sides of the building. It consists of a wooden or plastic frame filled with a suitable insulation, fixed inside the opening of the bay, delimiting the opening receiving the shutter and the window. The window is movably mounted on the inner side of this frame. On the outer side of the frame, the shutter is hinged. The frame comprises two facade panels defining between them a space filled with an insulating material. Seals are placed all around the shutter and window to prevent heat loss due to drafts. This system, however, provides insulation which is not as efficient in all the portions surrounding the opening.

[0005] Document FR2577979 describes an assembly allowing the closing of an opening made in a building, which provides thermal and sound insulation, which is waterproof and only allows the passage of light in certain variants. It consists, on the one hand, of a leaf in the form of an insulating envelope formed of a frame covered with cover plates and filled with insulating material, placed inside a peripheral frame equipped with gaskets and , on the other hand, an insulating shelf placed on a window shelf and an insulating sill, fixed to the building structure. However, this assembly does not ensure in all cases an insulation that extends to the outside of the building.

Brief summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved insulating system for reducing heat losses in an opening in a building wall which is free from the limitations of known insulating systems.

Another object of the invention is to provide an insulating system making it possible to reduce the thermal losses through the openings and this without reducing the solar gains, if necessary.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an insulating system for reducing heat losses in an opening of a building wall which is feasible and adaptable for a large number of bay framing configurations.

[0009] According to the invention, these goals are achieved in particular by means of an insulating blackout system to reduce heat losses in an opening of a building wall, said system comprising: - a delimiting embrasure, surrounding it, this opening, and comprising a bottom portion, a top portion and side portions, the wall having this opening, this wall having a first face and a second face, in which: a / said system further comprises at least one blackout flap able to move from an open position to a closed position in said embrasure, b / said shutter and said embrasure forming between them in said closed position an arrangement preventing a thermal bridge, c / said system further comprises a sealing element to the air disposed between the embrasure and the shutter in said closed position, in order to hermetically close the embrasure, d / said embrasure comprises a thermally insulating connection zone surrounding by covering the upper part, the side parts and the lower part of the opening, and also covering the portion of the second face of the wall of the building which surrounds the opening.

In this text "embrasure" means all the elements surrounding the opening (the bay) defined in a wall, not only those covering the edge (the edge) of the wall (in whole or in part) and located along the contour of the opening, but also those (if they exist) placed on a first side of the wall forming in some cases the internal side of the wall (internal part of the embrasure), and also those placed on the second side of the wall forming in some cases the outer side of the wall (outer part of the doorway).

Thus, the wall, equipped with the opening delimited by its embrasure and forming part of the insulation system according to the invention, has a first face and a second face. In some cases, this building wall is an external wall with its first face facing the interior of the building (forming an interior face) and with its second face facing the exterior of the building (forming an exterior face). In other cases, this building wall is an internal wall with its first face turned towards the interior of the building and with its second face also turned towards the interior of the building: this is the case of an opening in a building. wall that does not face the outside of the building, but between two rooms of the building.

It is understood that in this way, we propose a closure of the shutter or flaps in the opening of the wall, with a doorway designed and arranged to allow in this closed position improved sealing and thermal insulation. This system is particularly efficient because it allows on the one hand during the night to avoid thermal leaks from inside the building with the shutters closed and on the other hand during the day it allows with the shutters open to maintain the intake. solar energy in the building.

It is understood that according to the invention the thermally insulating connection zone of the doorway not only covers the edge of the wall delimiting the opening but also covers the portion of the second face of the wall of the building which runs along the entire length of the wall. periphery of the doorway. A continuous thermally insulating connection zone is thus obtained from the edge of the wall to the second face of the wall, and which extends over the entire periphery of the opening. In this way, very good thermal insulation results are obtained by the absence of a thermal bridge between the wall of the building and the embrasure (the framing elements of the bay / opening), as much on the edge. of the wall delimiting the opening only on the portion of the second face of the building wall which surrounds the opening (which is often the face of the wall facing outwards). It is also possible to envisage, according to a possibility not described later in this text, that the thermally insulating connection zone also extends over the portion of the first face of the wall of the building which surrounds the opening (which is often the face of the wall facing inward).

This solution has the particular advantage over the prior art of ensuring the formation of an effective insulating system over the entire periphery of the opening, including the portion of the second face of the wall which runs along the periphery of the opening, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the thermal losses of a construction.

Brief description of the figures

[0015] Examples of implementation of the invention, which are not limiting, are indicated in the description illustrated by the appended figures in which: FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a first embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 1C and 1D are partial enlarged views respectively of the zone IC of FIG. 1A and of the zone ID of FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1E is a view similar to FIG. 1C for a variant of the first embodiment of the system according to the invention, FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a second embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 2C and 2D are partial enlarged views respectively of the area IIC of FIG. 2A and the IID zone of FIG. 2B, FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a third embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 3C and 3D are partial enlarged views respectively of zone IIIC of FIG. 3A and zone IIID of FIG. 3B, FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a fourth embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 4C and 4D are partial enlarged views respectively of the IVC zone of FIG. 4A and the IVD zone of FIG. 4B, FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a fifth embodiment of a system according to the invention, FIGS. 5C and 5D are partial enlarged views respectively of the area VC of FIG. 5A and of the area VD of FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5E is a view similar to FIG. 5C for a variant of the first embodiment of the system according to the invention, FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a sixth embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 6C and 6D are partial enlarged views respectively of the VIC zone of FIG. 6A and the VID area of FIG. 6B, FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, a seventh embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 7C and 7D are partial enlarged views respectively of zone VIIC of FIG. 7A and the zone VIID of FIG. 7B, and FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate, respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, an eighth embodiment of a system according to the invention, and FIGS. 8C and 8D are partial enlarged views respectively of zone VIIIC of FIG. 8A and the area VIIID of FIG. 8B.

Example (s) of embodiment of the invention

In all the figures, we find: the wall 12 of the building which adjoins the opening 14 by a first wall face 12a (on the left in Figures 1A and 1C and above in Figures 1B and 1D), a second wall face 12b (on the right in Figures 1A and 1C and below in Figures 1B and 1D) and a wall edge 12c located in the vertical extension of the opening 14, the shutter 16 making it possible to close the opening 14, generally on the side of the second face 12b of the wall (Figures 1 to 4, and 6 to 8) or sometimes on the side of the first face 12a of the wall (Figure 5), located in sight of the opening 14 or in the opening, is shown in the closed position; this flap 16 has dimensions conforming to those of the opening portion that it covers, either dimensions similar to those of the opening when the closed flap is housed in the opening or else dimensions larger than that of the opening when the shutter closes the opening from the outside of the opening (whether from the second face or from the first face of the wall) the window 18 (which can be omitted in particular in the case of a door or more generally of a bay without a glazed part) making it possible to close the opening 14 (generally on the side of the first face 12a of the wall or sometimes of the side of the second face 12b of the wall (Figure 5)), located opposite the opening 14 or in the opening 14, the embrasure 100 covering the opening 14, cooperating with the shutter 16 and the wall 12 to form the insulating blackout system 10 according to the present invention.

Referring now to Figures 1A to 1E showing a first embodiment of the insulating system 10 according to the invention, which can be presented as an insulating system applied to a shutter with metal frame on a facade with peripheral insulation. In this case, the doorway 100 has: an insulating layer 102forming the peripheral insulation mounted on the wall 20 (brick or concrete) of the building, at least around the entire periphery of the opening 14 and the free face of which forms the second face 12b of the wall 12. The wall 20and the insulating layer 102 stop at the same level all along the periphery of the opening 14 to form the edge 12c of the wall, a peripheral insulating element 104 extending the insulating layer 102 vertically and horizontally in the direction of the opening 14 over the entire thickness of the insulating layer 102, a frame 105, for example a metal frame disposed on the peripheral insulating element 104 and surrounding, by delimiting it, the opening 14. The assembly formed of the peripheral insulating element 104 and of the frame 105 is called the outer embrasure because it is called the assembly formed by the peripheral insulating element 104 and the frame 105. is what delimits the opening 14, plastic profiles 106 disposed on the one hand at the edge of the shutter 16 (first series) and on the other hand on the frame 105 or on the peripheral insulating element 104 (second series) facing the entire edge of the shutter 16. These two series plastic profiles 106 form thermal break elements between the shutter 16 and the doorway 100, which face each other and cooperate with each other in the closed position: they form an arrangement preventing a thermal bridge between the shutter 16 and the doorway 100; in the case of Figures 1A to 1D, the profiles 106 are located on the edge of the shutter 16 and on the edge of the frame 105, seals 107mounted on one or the other of the first series and of the second series of profiles 106, in order to achieve airtightness between the shutter 16 and the doorway 100 in the closed position.

[0018] Thus, the invention also makes it possible to make insulating a system comprising shutters and conductive frames (metallic) in particular by the installation of thermal break elements (thermal breakers) between the embrasure and the shutter in its closed position. , for example in the form of plastic profiles 106, or the installation or existence of elements fulfilling the same thermal break function, which may form part of the embrasure or form an integral part of the shutter 16, such as a frame of insulating material such as 'a honeycomb frame, a PVC frame or a wooden frame.

As a possibility, as shown in Figures 1A to 1E, the flap 16 is a double leaf flap mounted on a hinge (guide element 16a) at the level of the insulating peripheral element 104, in the form of a aluminum shutter with insulating sandwich panel with a frame (eg aluminum) with thermal break.

In the case of Figures 1A to 1D, the second face of the flap 16est in the same plane as the second face 12b of the wall 12, the flap 16 thus being flush with the wall 12du building. It will be understood that the flap 16 has dimensions similar to those of the opening 14. In the case of the variant shown in FIG. 1E, the flap 16 is arranged offset, projecting from the wall 12, the first face of the flap 16 which looks at the opening 14 coming against the second face 12b of the wall at the level of the plastic profiles 106. This flap 16 of the variant of FIG. 1E has dimensions a little larger than those of the opening 14 and cooperates, thanks to a first series of sections 106 along the periphery of the first face of the shutter 106, with a second series of sections 106 along the opening 14 on the second face of the wall 12. In both cases, it is understood that the two series of plastic sections 106 and the joint 107situé between them, are positioned at the level of the frame (of the periphery) of the shutter, at the place of its contact with the embrasure 100.

The second series of profiles 106, mounted on the frame 105s'extends in an opening of the frame 105jusque in the insulating peripheral element 104de so as to form, with this element 104, a thermal breaker at the interior embrasure. This arrangement is found where appropriate in the embodiments with a frame 105 on the peripheral insulating element 104. Thus, this second series of profiles 106 mounted on the frame 105 belongs, with the peripheral insulating element 104, to the arrangement preventing a thermal bridge between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100, just like, on the side of the shutter 16, the first series of profiles 106.

In this first embodiment, various materials or configurations are proposed as examples as follows: for the insulating layer 102: it is for example rock or glass wool, polystyrene, polyurethane, cellular concrete, wood fibers, airgel, or any other thermally insulating material, it can be also an insulating plaster or plaster with airgel, cellular concrete, for the insulating peripheral element 104, one finds for example one or the other of the materials mentioned above for the insulating layer 102 ..... plastic profiles 106 are strips, for example made of polyamide or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) the gasket 107 is a compressible caulking gasket which can have another shape and be made in different materials as set out below. Unless otherwise indicated in the present text, the similar elements of the other embodiments presented can be made with the same type of material.

It is thus understood that in the closed position, the insulating system 10 thus formed guarantees both: thermal insulation by the blackout shutter 16, the absence of a thermal bridge between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 thanks to the plastic profiles 106, a thermally insulating connection zone around the opening 14, up to the second face 12b of the wall, by the insulating layer 102 and by the peripheral insulating element 104, which corresponds to what may be called a treatment of doorway 100, and airtightness between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 by the seals 107.

These functions are also fulfilled by other possible arrangements remaining within the scope of the present invention, including those of the other figures described below.

Referring now to Figures 2A to 2D showing a second embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention, which differs only from the first embodiment in that the frame 105 and the peripheral insulating element 104 delimit a beat 108 corresponding to a recessed surface in which the shutter 16 is placed in the closed position. In this way, the flap 16 is flush with the second face 12b of the wall 12. The plastic profiles 106 of the second series are placed at the level of this battue 108, on the portion of the battue 108turned away from the first face 12a. of the wall (facing outwards, for example) and which is preferably parallel to the second face 12b of the wall.

Referring now to Figures 3A to 3D showing a third embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention. It is an insulating system 10with sliding shutter on a frameless peripheral insulation facade. We find the insulating layer 102 which in this case extends further into the opening 14 than the wall 20, but it is possible to envisage an extent similar to that of the wall to obtain a continuous wall edge 12c between the wall and the insulating layer at the bottom. instead of this offset in Figure 3. The edge of this insulating layer 102 is covered, in the lower part of the opening 14 by a support shelf 109 of insulating material, preferably plastic such as cellular PVC. This support shelf 109 extends over the edge of the insulating layer 102 and outside the opening 14, beyond the second face 12b of the wall 12. This support shelf 109 receives the guide elements 16a of the wall. lower part of the shutter 16, such as a guide rail. The guide elements 16a, such as a guide rail, of the upper part of the shutter 16 are mounted on the second face 12b of the insulating layer 102. On the side of the second face of the wall 12, the rest of the opening 14, namely the side parts and the top part of the opening 14, is delimited by the edge of the insulating layer 102. The flap 16 is arranged offset, projecting from the second face 12b of the wall 12.

Is formed with the insulating layer 102et the support shelf 109, thermally insulating material, an outer embrasure with coated peripheral insulation. In the case of this third embodiment, the thermal break elements between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 correspond to the profile 106 which surrounds the shutter 16, to the support shelf 109 in the lower part of the opening 14 and to the edge of the insulating layer 102 in the lateral parts and the upper part of the opening 14. This section 106 in thermally insulating material surrounds the shutter 16, either by being attached to the latter, or by forming an integral part of the shutter 16 in the form of a frame in thermally insulating material, for example PVC. For airtightness in the closed position, a seal 107 is interposed on the one hand between the support shelf 109 and the plastic profile 106 in the lower part of the embrasure 100 and on the other hand between the insulating layer 102 and the plastic profile 106 in the lateral parts and the upper part of the doorway 100. Here, the treatment of the doorway is carried out by the edge portion of the insulating layer 102 which extends in the opening, completed by the shelf. support 109. The shutter 16est by way of example a synthetic shutter (in particular made of PVC), with a honeycomb frame (possibly with a metal reinforcement) and with an insulating sandwich panel.

Referring now to Figures 4A to 4D showing a fourth embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention, it is a sliding pocket shutter with a PVC frame on a facade with peripheral insulation. This insulating system 10 differs from the third embodiment presented above in that instead of a shelf 109, the edge of the insulating layer 102 is entirely covered with a frame 105, also of an insulating material, preferably of plastic such as than cellular PVC. In addition, in order to accommodate, in the open position, the flap 16 sliding in the wall 12, in this case in the insulating layer 102, one of the side portions of the insulating layer (on the right in FIGS. 4B and 4D) has a housing 102a in the form of a space essentially parallel to the second face of the wall 12 and having similar dimensions and a little larger than the sliding shutter 16. The frame 105 has a vertical opening along its side potion extending the housing 102a. The outline of this opening is delimited by the frame 105 and carries a gasket 107 for airtightness between the embrasure 100 and the shutter 16. This shutter 16 is for example, as in the case of the third embodiment, a panel shutter. synthetic such as cellular PVC. The frame 105 at least performs the function of thermal breaker between the embrasure and the shutter 16 in the closed position.

Also found in this fourth embodiment: the absence of a thermal bridge between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 thanks to the frame 105, a thermally insulating connection zone around the opening 14, up to the second face 12b of the wall, by the insulating layer 102 and by the frame 105, which corresponds to what can be called a treatment of the doorway 100, and airtightness between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100by the airtight seals 107d'airtightness which are preferably pile seals and / or compressible seals.

Referring now to Figures 5A to 5D showing a fifth embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention, it is an insulating system 10avec interior sliding shutter with metal frame, on the inner face with interior insulation. We find the insulating layer 102 which extends less far into the opening 14 than the wall 20 (or another structural element of the building such as the slab 21 of FIG. 5). This insulating layer 102est here disposed on the side of the second face 12b of the wall 12 which in this embodiment constitutes the internal face of the wall 12, facing towards the interior of the building. The shutter 16 is a sliding shutter with three panels parallel to each other, which is located in the opening 14 on the side of the second face 12b of the wall 12, namely on the interior side of the building in this case where the second face 12b of the wall 12is turned towards the interior of the building, if necessary (as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5E) the shutter 16 is behind the window 18. In this configuration of FIGS. 5A to 5D, we also find, as in the other exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, a flap 16 located plumb (in the vertical extension) or substantially plumb with the insulating layer 102.

Due to this offset position of the flap 16 towards the second face 12b of the wall 12, which is located towards the inside of the embrasure 100, there is provided an insulating peripheral element 104 which is located in the horizontal extension of the layer insulation 102 and which extends all around the opening 14. This peripheral insulating element 104 frames the shutter 16 and carries on its lower part and on its upper part, horizontal, the guide elements, such as guide rails, of the part. top and bottom of each panel of shutter 16, as well as seals 107 (in particular pile and compressible seals). In the case shown, there is also a metal frame 105 (see FIGS. 5A and 5C) covering at least the lower part and the upper part, horizontal, of the insulating peripheral element 104. In a case not shown this frame 105 carries the guide elements of the lower part and of the upper part of the panels of the shutter 16 (guide rails). In the case shown, a plastic profile 106 (or another thermally insulating material) is placed in the frame 105, facing the shutter 16 and furthermore forms a guide rail. In addition, another plastic profile 106 (or another thermally insulating material) runs along at least the upper part and the lower part of each panel of the shutter 16 by housing rollers able to cooperate with the guide rails (guide elements 16a) . Each of the panels of the shutter 16 is for example produced in the form of an insulating sandwich panel shutter with aluminum coating with a synthetic insulating frame such as a PVC frame. In this case, the shutter frame can be assimilated, by replacing it, to the profile 106 (or else it completes the profile 106) and also contributes to ensuring the function of thermal breaker between the embrasure 100 and the shutter 16 in the closed position. , along the entire periphery of the opening 14.

Is formed with said peripheral insulating element 104, thermally insulating material, and the metal frame 105 an interior embrasure. In the case of this fifth embodiment, the thermal break elements between the shutter 16 and the doorway 100 include the insulating peripheral element 104 as well as the profiles 106. For airtightness between the doorway 100 and the shutter 16 in the closed position, we find the seals 107 which are interposed on the one hand between the metal frame 105 and the frame of the shutter for the upper part, and on the other hand between the plastic profile 106 and the frame of the shutter for the side parts and the lower part of the periphery of the embrasure 100située on the side of the second face 12b or inner face of the wall. As can be seen in FIG. 5B, in the case of a shutter 16 comprising more than two panels, here three panels, the panel or panels which do not close the lateral sides of the opening 14 but an intermediate portion of the opening 14, seals 107 are also placed on one and / or the other of the panels in their zone of overlap of the closed position, to close in a sealed manner the gap formed between two adjacent shutter panels. Here, the treatment of the embrasure making it possible to obtain thermal insulation, is carried out essentially by the insulating peripheral element 104 which extends in the opening 14, completed by the plastic profiles 106. The shutter 16 is by way of example a aluminum coated insulating sandwich panel shutter with synthetic insulating frame (in particular in PVC). It will be understood that the flap 16 has dimensions similar to those of the opening 14 because it is housed inside the latter.

In the case of the variant shown in Figure 5E, the insulating system 10reste with internal sliding shutter and with internal metal frame, but on a facade with peripheral insulation (the insulating layer 102 is as in the other embodiments arranged on the second face 12b of wall 12, forming in particular the exterior face, or facade, of the construction). In this case, as can be seen in FIG. 5E, due to this offset position of the shutter 16 towards the first face 12a of the wall 12 (towards the interior of the embrasure 100), the said insulating peripheral element 104 is in the vertical extension of wall 20 (or slab 21) all around opening 14.

Referring now to Figures 6A to 6D showing a sixth embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention. This is an insulating system for a swing shutter on a ventilated facade with facing brick. The wall 12 comprises, on the side of the first face 12a, the wall 20 (made of brick or concrete) of the building and, on the side of the second face 12b, an insulating layer 102 covered with a facing 103 made of bricks separated from the insulating layer 102 to form a ventilation space 103a, which creates a ventilated facade (case of the second face 12b formed from an exterior face of the building).

In this case, the embrasure 100 comprises: the insulating layer 102associated with the ventilation space 103a and the brick facing 103; The wall 20 and the insulating layer 102 stop substantially at the same level all along the periphery of the opening 14 to form the edge 12c of the wall 12, a peripheral insulating element 104 extending vertically the insulating layer 102 and the facing 103 in the direction of the opening 14 over the entire thickness of the insulating layer 102 and of the facing 103, a frame 105 (for example a prefabricated concrete frame incorporating facing bricks) disposed on said peripheral insulating element 104 and surrounding, by delimiting it, the opening 14. The peripheral insulating element 104 and the frame 105 form the outer embrasure; the frame 105 extends not only over the face of the peripheral insulating element 104 which faces the opening 14 but also on the face forming the edge of the peripheral insulating element 104 and which is located on the same side of the wall 12 as the second face 12b, forming a peripheral edge which faces the edge of the shutter 16 a plastic profile 106 is arranged on the outer face of the portion of the frame 105 turned towards the shutter 16 and which covers the face of the peripheral insulating element 104 located in the extension of the second face 12b of the wall 12 (to the right in FIGS. 6A and 6C) facing the entire edge of the shutter 16. This plastic profile 106forms a thermal break element between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100, in the closed position: with the frame 105, it forms an arrangement preventing a thermal bridge between the shutter. shutter 16 and the doorway 100; alternatively, the profile 106 can be not in plastic but in so-called "light" concrete (with airgel, cellular concrete or any other suitable insulation). In the case of Figures 6A to 6D, the profile 106 is located on the edge of the frame 105 turned towards the shutter (peripheral edge mentioned above). Alternatively, according to a variant not shown, two series of profiles 106 are used face to face surrounding the entire opening 14, one being arranged on the edge of the shutter 16 and the other and on the edge of the frame 105. A seal 107 (with double lips in the figures) is mounted on the periphery of the face of the shutter 16 turned towards the opening 14 and this to achieve an air seal between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 (at the level of the profile 106) in the closed position (alternatively this seal 107 can be mounted on the plastic profile 106 which also allows cooperation between the embrasure 100 and the shutter 16 ensuring airtightness in the closed position).

The shutter 16est a double flap mounted on a hinge (guide element 16a) at the level of the frame 105, in the form of a shutter with a metal structure and filling by cellular polycarbonate panel.

Referring now to Figures 7A to 7D showing a seventh embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention. This is an insulating system with a hinged shutter on a ventilated facade, this facade being made of wood or composite or formed from any other suitable facing. As in the sixth embodiment, we find the principle of ventilation of the second face 12b of the wall 12 (ventilated facade). In this case, we have a wall 20 covered with a double insulating layer 102 covered with a wood or composite facing 103 spaced from the insulating layer 102 to form a ventilation space 103a.

In this case, the embrasure 100 comprises: the double insulating layer 102 associated with the ventilation space 103a and the facing 103; The wall 20 and the insulating layer 102 stop substantially at the same level all along the periphery of the opening 14 to form the edge 12c of the wall 12, an insulating peripheral element 104 extending vertically the assembly formed of the insulating layer 102 and of the facing 103 in the direction of the opening 14 over the entire thickness of this assembly (this thickness extends in the horizontal direction), and this along the entire periphery the opening 14 (under the frame 105); a frame 105 (for example a wooden or composite frame) arranged on the peripheral insulating element 104 and surrounding, by delimiting it, the opening 14. Said peripheral insulating element 104 and the frame 105 form the outer embrasure; here the arrangement preventing a thermal bridge between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 results from the insulating nature of the material of the frame 105 and from the insulating nature of at least the periphery of the shutter 16: in fact in an exemplary embodiment the shutter 16 is produced made of insulating material at least over its entire periphery (for example in the form of a wooden shutter with a thermally insulating core), a seal 107 (a compressible seal in the figures) is mounted on the periphery of the face of the shutter 16 turned towards the opening 14 and this to achieve an air seal between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 (here the frame 105) in the closed position (alternatively this seal 107 can be mounted on the portion of the frame 105 facing the edge of the shutter 16 in the closed position, which also allows cooperation between the embrasure 100 and the shutter 16 ensuring airtightness in closed position).

The shutter 16est a double flap mounted on a hinge (guide element 16a) at the frame 105, for example in the form of a wooden shutter with a thermally insulating core.

Referring now to Figures 8A to 8D showing an eighth embodiment of the insulating system according to the invention which may correspond to the renovation of an existing construction by means of an insulating system with a hinged shutter.

In this case, the wall 20 (brick, concrete, stone wall, or any other material present in old constructions) forms the wall 12 with the possible presence of a coating 12d at least on the second face 12b of Wall. This coating 12d is generally thermally insulating.

In this case, the embrasure 100 comprises: a frame 110 framing the opening 14 which is made of (imitation) stone or concrete and which extends the wall 20 vertically and horizontally in the direction of the opening 14 at least over the entire thickness of the wall 20, a frame 105, for example a metal frame (aluminum), is associated with a peripheral insulating element 104 disposed on the frame 110 and surrounds, by delimiting it, the opening 14. The frame 110, the peripheral insulating element 104 and the frame 105 form an outer embrasure with the peripheral insulating element 104 covered with the frame 105; the frame 105 and the peripheral insulating element 104 cover not only the face of the frame 110 which faces the opening 14 but also the edge of the frame 110 located on the same side of the wall 20 as the second face 12b, forming a peripheral rim which faces the edge of shutter 16, plastic profiles 106 disposed on the one hand at the edge of the shutter 16 (first series) and on the other hand on the frame 105 (second series) facing the entire edge of the shutter 16. These two series of plastic profiles 106 form elements of thermal break between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100, which face each other and cooperate with each other in the closed position: they form an arrangement preventing a thermal bridge between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100; in the case of Figures 8A to 8D, the profiles 106 are located on the edge of the face of the shutter 16 which is turned towards the opening in the closed position and on the portion of the frame 105 which covers the frame 110 and is turned in the opposite direction the opening 14 (note that the series of sections 106 mounted on the frame 105 extends in an opening of the frame 105 up to the peripheral insulating element 104 so as to form with this element 104 a thermal breaker on the side of the embrasure 100, at the level of the interior doorway), gaskets 107 (compressible gaskets in FIGS. 8A to 8D) are mounted on one or the other of the first series and of the second series of profiles 106, in order to achieve an airtight seal between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100 in the closed position.

As a possibility, as shown in Figures 8A to 8D, the flap 16 is a double leaf flap mounted on a hinge (guide element 16a) at the portion, of the assembly formed of the frame 105 and of the peripheral insulating element 104, which covers the frame 110 and which is turned in the opposite direction of the opening 14, in the form of an aluminum shutter with an insulating sandwich panel with an aluminum frame

[0044] The seals 107presented in the various examples of previous embodiment form airtightness elements or caulking joints which may have different shapes, and in particular from one of the following two families: pile joints: they are generally used if the space between the shutter and the doorway is large and slide between them; they are for example with natural bristles, nylon, silicone lip (s), etc ... compressible or lip seals: they are generally used to fill a small space between the shutter and the doorway and when the shutter is folded down against the doorway; they are for example natural rubber, EPDM rubber (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), thermoplastic elastomer TPE (TPE for "thermoplastic elastomer") or silicone, metal or metal base, etc ...

It is understood from the above that the flap 16est a blackout flap which forms, in the closed position, a thermally insulating panel in the insulating system 10. For the thermally insulating character, there are many possibilities, and in particular those among the following: in some embodiments, the panel forming each shutter is made either entirely from one or more thermally insulating materials (eg solid wood or particle board), in other embodiments, the panel forming each shutter is filled with an insulating material forming an insulating core: for example a filling of air or a partial vacuum or particles of insulating material such as wood fibers or cellulose , vermiculite, polyurethane, polystyrene, natural wool, mineral wool, airgel or a mixture of these materials, either throughout the volume or in compartments or cells. This insulating core is preferably housed in a frame forming the structure of the shutter, such as a metal frame, in particular made of aluminum, which will be thermally insulated in the embrasure 100, for example by plastic profiles 106 forming a thermal break, or a frame in PVC.

As examples of shutter, the following cases may be cited: solid wood or insulating core shutter (which can be polyurethane, polystyrene, natural or mineral wool, vacuum panel (VIP), or even airgel, shutter with a metal or PVC structure (frame) framing a sandwich panel composed of a coating (plastic, metal, wood or composite) and an insulating core as above, shutter with a metal or PVC structure (frame) framing a translucent cellular polycarbonate panel, shutter with a structure and a polyurethane core, possibly occasionally reinforced by metallic or synthetic elements, shutter with a metal or PVC frame forming the entire shutter filled with injected insulation (polyurethane, expanded polystyrene balls, wood fibers / cellulose, wool (natural or mineral), airgel), in the case of a metal frame, we provides, to achieve a thermal break in the closed position, plastic profiles or any other element fulfilling this thermal break function. It should be noted that the qualifier "blackout" does not exclude that the shutter is partially transparent or translucent on a portion of its surface. This is for example the case for a shutter with one or more cellular polycarbonate panels, or with inlay of synthetic elements or insulating glazing in a solid opaque panel.

As described and presented above, this component 16 can take several forms. In particular, the shutter 16 belongs to the following group: pivoting shutter, pivoting shutter forming a leaf, sliding shutter, sliding shutter with pocket mounting, pantograph shutter, accordion shutter, vertical or horizontal sun shade shutter.

In various embodiments according to the invention, the concealing flap 16 is arranged opposite the opening 14 so as to cover the portion of the plane forming an extension of the second face 12b of the wall 12.

In various embodiments according to the invention, one obtains in the closed position of the shutter 16, between the shutter 16 and the embrasure 100, an arrangement comprising at least one thermal break element 106 (forming a bridge breaker thermal) placed on the shutter or on the embrasure, surrounding the entire opening in order to be placed between the shutter and the embrasure in said closed position. Also, if there is a shutter with several panels, a thermal break element is also placed at the point of contact between the shutters. For example, the thermal break element comprises sections 106 made of thermally insulating material, in particular of plastic material, for example of polyamide or of PVC or alternatively an insulating coating.

In various embodiments according to the invention, said airtight element comprises a caulk seal 107mounted on the shutter 16 or on the embrasure 100. For example, where appropriate, the caulk seal 107 is mounted in said thermal break element forming a thermal bridge breaker (for example plastic sections 106).

In various embodiments according to the invention, the thermally insulating connection zone, which covers the entire periphery of the opening 14 and the entire portion of the second face 12b of the wall 12 of the building which surrounds the opening 14, extends at least opposite said airtight element, in said closed position.

In various embodiments according to the invention, the thermally insulating connection zone comprises a first thermally insulating portion forming the portion of the second face of the wall of the building which surrounds the opening 14. Thus, it is in particular the case with the insulating layer 102recovering the wall 20cas can be seen in the examples of Figures 1 to 5 and in the case of Figures 8 to 7 with the ventilated wall. In certain cases of implementation of the invention, including those represented in FIGS. 1 to 8, the first thermally insulating portion is made of a material different from that of the portion of the wall having the first face of the wall (wall 20 in Figures 1 to 8).

In various embodiments according to the invention comprising such a first thermally insulating portion, it is further provided that the thermally insulating connection zone comprises a second thermally insulating portion extending the first thermally insulating portion in the vertical direction along ' at least part of the periphery of the opening 14, and in some cases along the entire periphery of the opening 14. For example, said peripheral insulating element 104 forms such a second thermally insulating portion.

In various embodiments according to the invention, the insulating system 10 furthermore comprises a frame (or a pre-frame) 105 delimiting the opening 14 and extending the thermally insulating connection zone towards the flap 16.

In various embodiments according to the invention, as in the case of the third embodiment described above in relation to FIGS. 3A to 3D, the thermally insulating connection zone comprises a support shelf 109 belonging to the embrasure 100, said support shelf 109 being made of a thermally insulating material or else being equipped with a thermal bond breaking element coming into contact with said shutter 16 in said closed position. In other embodiments according to the invention, as in the case of the first, second and fourth to eighth embodiments of the invention described above, the thermally insulating connection zone does not include a support shelf.

In various embodiments according to the invention, as in the case of the first to eighth embodiments of the invention described above, the insulating system further comprises a window arranged in the opening opposite the shutter, which it is either on one or the other side of the shutter 16 (and therefore on the side of the first face or of the second face of the wall 12).

The system according to the invention makes it possible to significantly reduce the thermal losses of a heated or cooled construction, by acting precisely where the thermal losses are up to 8 times greater (windows / doors) than through the walls. opaque (walls, roof, floor). The system according to the invention is particularly advantageous for thermally efficient buildings (such as those respecting the labels “Minergie P” or “Passivhaus” - Trademarks -), also reducing the over-insulation of the thermal envelope by about 5 to 10 cm. for thermally comparable results. A costed study was carried out for a building of 9 apartments on three heated floors, presenting 800m <2> of useful surface and respecting the energy criteria of the “Minergie P” label of the Zurich region. The implementation of the solution according to the invention, during construction, makes it possible to reduce the amount of insulation used on the building, this for the same thermal performance. The modeling and the calculations carried out have shown that the implementation of the present invention on this reference building allows a saving of embodied energy of 38 MWh during construction, that is to say the equivalent of 3,800 liters of oil, and of 10 tons of CO2.

Reference numbers used in figures

10 Insulating system 12 Wall 12a First face of the wall 12b Second face of the wall 12c Edge of the wall 12d Coating 14 Opening 16 Shutter 16a Guide element 18 Window 20 Wall 21 Slab 100 Recess 102 Insulating layer 102a Housing 103 Facing (in brick, wood or composite) 103a Ventilation space 104 Peripheral insulating element 105 Frame or pre-frame 106 Plastic profiles or other thermally insulating material (thermal breaker) 107 Joints 108 Battue 109 Support shelf 110 Framing of the opening in (imitation) stone or concrete

Claims (17)

1. Blackout system (10) insulating to reduce heat losses in an opening (14) of a building wall (12), said system comprising: - a doorway (100) delimiting, by surrounding it, this opening (14), and comprising a bottom portion, a top portion and side portions, the wall (12) having this opening (14), this wall having a first face (12a) and a second face (12b), in which: a / said system further comprises at least one blackout flap (16) capable of passing from an open position to a closed position in said embrasure (100), b / said shutter (16) and said embrasure (100) forming between them in said closed position an arrangement preventing a thermal bridge, c / said system (10) further comprises an airtight element (107) arranged between the doorway (100) and the shutter (16) in said closed position, in order to hermetically close the doorway ( 100), d / said embrasure (100) comprises a thermally insulating connection zone surrounding by covering the upper part, the lateral parts and the lower part of the opening (14), and also covering the portion of the second face (12b) of the wall of the building which surrounds the opening (14). 2. System according to claim 1, wherein said blackout flap (16) in its closed position forms a thermally insulating panel. 3. System according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said shutter (16) belongs to the following group: pivoting shutter, pivoting shutter forming a leaf, sliding shutter, sliding shutter with pocket mounting, pantograph shutter, accordion shutter, breeze shutter. vertical or horizontal sun 4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said blackout flap (16) has a transparent or translucent portion. 5. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said blackout flap (16) is arranged facing the opening (14) so as to cover the portion of the plane forming an extension of the second face (12b) of the wall (12). 6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, said arrangement comprising at least one thermal break element (106) placed on the shutter or on the doorway, surrounding the entire opening so as to be disposed between the shutter and the door. 'doorway in said closed position. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein said thermal break element comprises sections of thermally insulating material (106). 8. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said airtight element comprises a caulking gasket (107) mounted on the shutter (16) or on the embrasure (100). 9. System according to claims 7 and 8, wherein the caulking gasket (107) is mounted in said thermal break element. 10. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the thermally insulating connection zone extends at least opposite said sealing element (107) in said closed position. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the thermally insulating connection zone comprises a first thermally insulating portion forming the portion of the second face (12b) of the wall of the building which surrounds the opening (14). 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the first thermally insulating portion (102) is made of a material different from that of the portion of the wall having the first face (12b) of the wall. 13. The system of claim 11 or 12, wherein the thermally insulating connection area comprises a second thermally insulating portion (104) extending the first thermally insulating portion (102) in a vertical direction along at least part of the periphery of the opening (14). 14. The system of claim 11 or 12, wherein the thermally insulating connection area comprises a second thermally insulating portion (104) extending the first thermally insulating portion (102) in a vertical direction along the entire periphery of the opening (14). ). 15. System according to one of claims 1 to 14 further comprising a frame (105) delimiting the opening (14) and extending the thermally insulating connection zone in the direction of the shutter (16). 16. System according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the thermally insulating connection zone comprises a support shelf (109) belonging to the embrasure (100), said support shelf (109) being produced in a thermally insulating material or else being equipped with a thermal connection breaking element coming into contact with said shutter in said closed position. 17. System according to one of claims 1 to 16, further comprising a window (18) disposed in the opening (14) facing the shutter (16).