CH714006A2 - Safety valve, crown head and timepiece. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates in particular to an automatic safety valve (40) for a timepiece, especially for a diving watch. The valve (40) has a valve head (11), a tube (20) for attachment in a timepiece case, and an evacuation channel (30) arranged to be in fluid communication with the inside of the housing when the safety valve (40) is in an open configuration to evacuate excess fluid. The safety valve (40) further includes a pressure regulator arranged within the exhaust channel to control the output velocity of the fluid. The invention also relates to a crown head and a timepiece.

Description

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a safety valve configured to be integrated in a crown head of a timepiece and an automatic safety valve configured to be screwed into the middle of a timepiece. This type of valve is particularly well suited for diving watches.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known practice to provide a watch case with a valve in order either to inject gas into the case, in order to cause pressure inside it. higher than the ambient pressure, preventing the penetration of water, vapor or dust inside the box, or on the contrary to create a vacuum inside it in order to remove the movement from the effects of the air in the box when it is closed.

However, these constructions have never been used to eliminate the effects on the watch case when the watch is in a gaseous medium under high pressure for a long period. Indeed, it has been found that, whatever the sealing qualities of the watch cases produced to date, when they are subjected for relatively long periods, of the order of several hours, to relatively pressures strong, of the order of several tens of atmospheres, and especially when the ambient atmosphere is made of a gas with molecules of small dimension, as it is the case of helium for example, which one frequently uses in diving bells, the pressure inside the box eventually increases considerably.

Such conditions of use arise, especially when the watch is used at great depths underwater, during work carried out under a bell. During the return of the watch to an atmosphere at normal pressure, and this despite the decompression stops that are necessary for the occupants of the bell, there is an internal overpressure in the watch case, which can cause "bursting" »Of it, that is to say the ejection of its ice, in particular.

Patent CH 682,199 discloses an example of a safety valve for a diving watch aimed in particular at solving the above problem. However, the configuration of this valve has the disadvantage of having reliability of limited duration due in particular to the loss of elasticity of the O-rings over time impacting the opening pressure of the valve.

Claims (16)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a reliable valve in the long term and thus limit the variations in the opening pressure which is exerted on the seals during the ascent of the plunger. , while guaranteeing a perfect seal during the dive. To this end, according to a first aspect of the invention, there is proposed a crown head for a timepiece, in particular for a diving watch, comprising a cover comprising a cover and an axial skirt, a tube intended to be fixed in a case of the timepiece, a seal disposed between the tube and the axial skirt, and a central barrel arranged to be engaged with the tube. The central barrel and the cover form an assembly capable of being placed in different axial positions relative to the tube. The crown head further includes a safety valve having a discharge channel arranged to be in fluid communication with the interior of the housing when the valve is in an open configuration to discharge excess fluid. The safety valve also includes a pressure regulator arranged inside the evacuation channel to control the speed of exit of the fluid. According to an advantageous embodiment, the pressure regulator comprises a ball arranged to cooperate with a ball seat. This ball is arranged on the ball seat so as to obstruct the passage of a fluid in the discharge channel when the internal pressure upstream of the ball is less than a predetermined value. The ball is dislodged from its seat when said internal pressure exceeds the predetermined value in order to establish said fluid communication. According to an advantageous embodiment, the ball seat, the tube and the axial skirt have a symmetry of revolution relative to the axis of rotation (A) of the cover. The seat has a central opening corresponding to the inlet of the discharge channel as well as a support surface intended to be in contact with the ball. According to an advantageous embodiment, the pressure regulator further comprises a piston mounted inside the central barrel and an elastic member arranged to cooperate with the piston. This is configured to move axially according to pressure variations inside the housing. According to an advantageous embodiment, the piston and the elastic member form an assembly arranged on the one hand to be able to actuate the movement of a control rod, and on the other hand, for regulating the pressure at inside the housing. According to an advantageous embodiment, the crown head further comprises blocking means preventing the separation between the cover and the tube. These blocking means can be in the form of a ring CH 714 006 A2 guide arranged at one end of the tube at least partially on its circumference, the guide ring having a bearing surface arranged to come to exert pressure on the seal. According to an alternative embodiment, the blocking means can be in the form of a shoulder arranged on the internal wall of the tube and comprising a bearing surface against which a part of the piston can come into abutment and in the form of a rim provided at the base of the central barrel and arranged to come into abutment against a shoulder provided on the piston. According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an automatic safety valve for a timepiece, in particular for a diving watch. The valve comprises a valve head, a tube intended to be fixed in a case of the timepiece, and a discharge channel arranged to be able to be in fluid communication with the interior of the case when the safety valve is in an open configuration in order to evacuate an excess of fluid. The safety valve further comprises a pressure regulator arranged inside the evacuation channel to control the speed of exit of the fluid. According to an advantageous embodiment, the pressure regulator comprises a ball arranged to cooperate with a ball seat. The ball is arranged on the seat so as to obstruct the passage of a fluid in the evacuation channel when the internal pressure upstream of the ball is less than a predetermined value. The ball is dislodged from its seat when said internal pressure exceeds the predetermined value in order to establish said fluid communication. According to an advantageous embodiment, the seat and the tube have a symmetry of revolution with respect to a reference axis (A). The seat has a central opening corresponding to the inlet of the discharge channel as well as a support surface intended to be in contact with the ball. According to an advantageous embodiment, the pressure regulator further comprises a piston mounted inside the tube and an elastic member arranged to cooperate with the piston. This is configured to move axially according to pressure variations inside the housing. According to an advantageous embodiment, the outer wall of the tube has a threaded portion intended to be screwed into the middle part of the housing. According to an advantageous embodiment, the valve further comprises a retaining ring comprising an external side wall bearing against the circumference of the internal wall of the tube. The retaining ring rests on the ball seat ensuring the centering of the ball relative to a reference axis (A). According to an advantageous embodiment, the valve further comprises a lip seal incorporated in the valve head. The sealing lip bears against the internal wall of the tube when the pressure downstream of the ball is less than a predetermined value. The sealing lip is configured to flex in a direction substantially perpendicular to the inner wall of the tube when the pressure downstream of the ball exceeds the predetermined value in order to allow the evacuation of the fluid out of the valve. According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a timepiece, in particular a diving watch, comprising at least the head crown adjustment according to the first aspect of the invention or the safety valve according to the second aspect of the invention and one or more of their advantageous embodiments. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading several embodiments given solely by way of nonlimiting examples and made with reference to the appended drawings in which: fig. 1 shows a half-section view of a crown adjusting head in a screwed position with safety valve in a closed configuration according to a first embodiment; fig. 2 shows a view similar to fig. 1 with the crown adjustment head in an unscrewed position and the safety valve in an open configuration; fig. 3a, 3b and 3c are each identical to fig. 2, and in which is schematically represented the progression of a fluid, for example helium, in the evacuation channel; fig. 4 shows a half-section view of a crown adjusting head in a screwed position according to another embodiment with safety valve in a closed configuration; fig. 5 shows a view similar to fig. 4 with the crown adjustment head in an unscrewed position and the safety valve in an open configuration; fig. 6a, 6b and 6c are each identical to fig. 5, and in which is shown schematically the progression of the fluid in the evacuation channel; CH 714 006 A2 fig. 7 shows a half-section view of an automatic safety valve according to an embodiment in a closed configuration; and fig. 8a, 8b and 8c each represents the valve of FIG. 7 in an open configuration, and in which is shown schematically the progression of the fluid in the evacuation channel. Detailed description of preferred embodiments A crown adjustment head 10 in particular for a diving watch according to a first embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3c. The crown head 10 comprises a tube 20 intended to be fixed to a watch case (not shown) by screwing or driving in the middle of the case. The tube 20 comprises a threaded portion 21a disposed on its internal wall 21 as well as a bulge 22a disposed along the circumference of its external wall 22. The crown head 10 also comprises a cover 11, which comprises a cover 12 and a skirt axial 13 having a symmetry of revolution about the axis of rotation A of the cover 11. The cover 12 and the axial skirt 13 of the cover 11 define a cavity 15 in the cover 11. The crown head 10 further comprises a central barrel 23 arranged in the cavity 15 of the cover 11 and integral with the latter. The central barrel 23 has on its outer wall 25 a threaded part 25a screwed into the threaded part 21 a of the tube 20. The adjusting crown head 10 also includes a seal 17 interposed between the axial skirt 13 of the cover 11 and the tube 20 so as to guarantee the sealing of the crown head independently of the fact that the cover 11 is in a first axial position in which the crown head is screwed or in a second axial position in which the crown head is unscrewed. In this embodiment, this seal 17 is an O-ring. This seal 17 is arranged between a circular shoulder 14 formed in the axial skirt 13 and a retaining ring 18 of annular shape. This ring 18 is fixed, for example by driving, in a groove 16 of corresponding shape located towards the base of the axial skirt 13 opposite the tube 20. The crown head 10 further comprises a guide ring 26 secured to the end of the tube 20 and disposed in the cavity 15 against a portion of the axial skirt 13. The guide ring 26 is preferably embedded on the end of the tube 20 but can also be glued or fixed in any other way to the tube 20. This ring 26 has a bearing surface 26a capable of exerting pressure on the seal 17. Referring to FIG. 1, the seal 17 is overcompressed by the bulge 22a of the tube 20 so that the sealing properties are the best possible when the cover 11 is in the first axial position in which the crown head 10 is in a so-called screwed configuration. According to fig. 2, the seal 17 is compressed between the retaining ring 18 on the one hand and the guide ring 26 on the other hand so that the sealing properties of the crown head 10 are also the best possible when the cover 11 is in the second axial position in which the crown head 10 is in a configuration known as unscrewed. To do this, the bearing surface 26a is preferably oblique with respect to the axis of rotation A of the cover 11. In other words, the guide ring 26 is bevelled. This ring 26 also makes it possible to prevent the cover 11 from becoming detached from the tube 20 by excessive unscrewing since the seal 17 also acts as a stop as soon as the cover 11 has reached the second axial position corresponding to the unscrewed configuration of the crown head. The crown adjustment head 10 also includes a piston 32 housed in a central opening of the central barrel 23 and an elastic member, for example a compression spring 34 of the helical type, in a cavity defined by the cover assembly -canon on the one hand and by the piston 32 on the other hand. The spring 34 is axially compressed between the cover 12 of the cover 11 and a shoulder 32a of the piston 32 and it allows in particular to move the cover 11 away from the shoulder of the piston 32. The piston 32 kinematically connects the cover 11 to a rod of control (not shown) of the watch movement housed in the watch case. This control rod allows the wearer to carry out various commands as a function of the axial position of the cover 11 relative to the tube 20, for example the winding of the watch when the cover 11 is in a first axial position as illustrated by fig. 1, or certain corrections, such as that of the hour, when the cover 11 is in a second axial position as illustrated in FIG. 2. The piston 32 and the spring 34 are also involved in regulating the pressure inside the watch case through a safety valve, a detailed description of which is given below. The piston and the spring therefore form an assembly which has the advantage of being involved in the achievement of two main functions which are independent of each other, namely: the activation of the control rod to make various adjustments on the one hand, and regulating the pressure inside the watch case on the other. To reduce stress on the crown head seals, and to better regulate the pressure variations inside the watch case caused for example by the ascent of the plunger to the surface, a safety valve is integrated into the crown head. The safety valve according to one embodiment comprises a discharge channel arranged to be able to be in fluid communication with the interior of the watch case when the valve is in an open configuration CH 714 006 A2 in order to release excess pressure in the housing. This valve further comprises a pressure regulator arranged inside the evacuation channel for controlling the speed of exit of a fluid which is in the form of a gas, preferably helium. The pressure regulator comprises for this purpose a ball 35 cooperating with a ball seat 37. The ball seat 37, the tube 20 and the axial skirt 13 have a symmetry of revolution relative to the axis of rotation A of the cover 11. The ball and its seat can for example be metal-based, of ceramic or thermoplastic materials among others. The seat 37 has an annular base 37a having an opening whose axis of revolution coincides with the axis of rotation A of the cover 11. The diameter of this opening is less than the diameter of the ball 35. This opening corresponds to the inlet 30 of the valve discharge channel. The seat 37 also includes an inclined and circular support surface 37b intended to be in contact with the ball 35 as well as a peripheral support surface 37c. A retaining ring 36 comprising an external lateral wall bearing against the circumference of the internal wall 21 of the tube 20 rests on the peripheral bearing surface 37c of the seat 37 in order to encircle the ball 35 to ensure its centering with respect to the axis of rotation A of the cover 11. The ball 35 is arranged on its seat 37 so as to obstruct the passage of gas in the evacuation channel when the pressure in the watch case, upstream of the ball, is less than a predetermined value. This value can be adapted to the circumstances, this adaptation being achieved by the choice of the compression spring 34 which keeps one end of the piston 32 in abutment against the ball 35. The properties of the spring 34 are therefore chosen to manage the stress exerted by the piston 32 on ball 35 in order to control the opening pressure of the valve. The end of the piston 32 has a recess 32b essentially similar to a cone so as to form, with the seat 37 and the retaining ring 36, a cage delimiting a space in which the ball 35 can move under the effect of gas pressure. It will be noted for this purpose that the ball is always under the stress of the spring 34 when the crown head 10 is in a screwed configuration (fig. 1) while the spring 34 is adjusted so that the ball 35 is free or slightly under stress when the crown head 10 is in a unscrewed configuration (fig. 2). Referring to Figs. 3a, 3b, and 3c, the crown head 10 is in a unscrewed configuration while the pressure inside the watch case exceeds a critical threshold. Under the effect of this excessive pressure, the ball 35 is dislodged from its seat 37 which allows the gas to access the inlet 30 of the discharge channel (fig. 3a), then to move along this channel (fig. 3b) to the outlet 31 of the channel (fig. 3c) to allow the evacuation of gas out of the valve. A crown adjusting head 10 for a diving watch according to a second embodiment will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6c. The operating principle of the crown head according to this embodiment is identical to that which has just been described. Also, for reasons essentially of conciseness and clarity, only the structural differences will be described below. According to Figs. 4 and 5, which illustrate the adjusting crown head in a screwed, respectively unscrewed configuration, the pressure regulator comprises a piston 32 containing a thread in which a guide screw 33 is screwed. The head 33a of the guide screw is arranged opposite the ball 35 and comprises a hollowed-out central part 33b in the form of a cone as well as a peripheral annular part 33c which extends to the internal wall 21 of the tube 20. The ball seat 37 comprises an annular base 37a, a circular and inclined bearing surface 37b, a cylindrical wall 37d in order to ensure the centering of the ball 35 relative to the axis of rotation A of the cover 11 and a surface peripheral support 37c disposed opposite the annular peripheral portion 33c of the head 33a of the guide screw 33. The configuration and positioning of these various elements also makes it possible to form a cage delimiting a space in which the ball can move under the effect of pressure. Instead of the guide ring according to the first embodiment, the inner wall 21 of the tube 20 has a shoulder 21b. The peripheral annular part 33c of the head 33a of the guide screw 33 is arranged to abut against this shoulder when the cover 11 is brought into its second axial position. In addition, there is provided a rim 23a at the base of the central barrel 23 arranged to come into abutment against the underside of the shoulder 32a of the piston 32 and engage in a notch 32c provided for this purpose under the underside of the shoulder 32a of the piston 32. Thus, when the crown head 10 is unscrewed, the central barrel 23 will be blocked by the shoulder 32a of the piston 32, which itself will be blocked, being integral with the guide screw 33 it even blocked by the shoulder 21 b of the tube 20. This makes it possible to avoid an excessive unscrewing of the crown head 10 so as to prevent the cover 11 from becoming detached from the tube 20. An automatic safety valve 40 in particular for a diving watch according to another embodiment will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 8c. According to FIG. 7, the automatic safety valve 40 comprises a valve head 11 and a tube 20 integral with the valve head and comprising on its external wall 22 a threaded portion 222a so that the tube 20 can be screwed into the middle part in particular d 'a diving watch. Like the valve integrated in the crown head, the automatic valve 40 has a discharge channel arranged to be able to be in fluid communication with the interior of the watch case when the safety valve is in an open configuration in order to '' remove excess fluid. The safety valve further comprises a pressure regulator arranged inside the evacuation channel to control the speed of exit of the fluid. This pressure regulator is of the type described in the first two embodiments CH 714 006 A2 also comprising a ball 35 and its seat 37 mounted at the inlet 30 of the evacuation channel. The head of the valve 11 rests on a shoulder 21b situated on the circumference of the internal wall 21 of the tube 20. The head 11 has a cylindrical extension 32 acting as a piston. The piston 32 extends along a central axis A of the valve 40 in the direction of the ball 35. In this example, the piston 32 includes a thread in which is screwed a guide screw 33. The shape of the piston-guide screw assembly can be in one variant in one piece. A spring 34 is axially compressed between the valve head 11 and a peripheral part of the guide wash 33. Just like the first embodiment, the seat 37 of the safety valve has an annular base 37a having an opening of which the axis of revolution coincides with the central axis A of the valve. This opening corresponds to the inlet 30 of the valve discharge channel. The seat 37 also includes an inclined and circular support surface 37b intended to be in contact with the ball 35 as well as a peripheral support surface 37c. A retaining ring 36 comprising an external lateral wall bearing against the circumference of the internal wall 21 of the tube 20 rests on the peripheral bearing surface 37c of the seat 37 in order to encircle the ball 35 to ensure its centering with respect to the central axis A of the valve 40. The valve head 11 has a lip seal 17a. This sealing lip 17a is in abutment against the internal wall 21 of the tube 20 when the pressure downstream of the ball 35 is less than a predetermined value. The sealing lip is configured to flex in a direction substantially perpendicular to the internal wall 21 of the tube 20 when the pressure downstream of the ball 35 exceeds the predetermined value in order to allow the evacuation of the fluid out of the valve. The valve 40 further comprises a shoulder 22b on the circumference of the outer wall 22 of the tube 20 having a bearing surface against which a sealing ring 28 is bonded. The configuration of the valve according to any of the embodiments which have just been described has many advantages, in particular the possibility of adjusting the speed of the fluid at the outlet of the discharge channel, by a choice compression spring, in order to limit the variations in the opening pressure exerted on the seals when raising the plunger. The seal (O-ring for the valve integrated in the crown head, lip for the automatic safety valve) is therefore less stressed, which overcomes problems related to the bonding of the seal. In addition, the pressure inside the watch case is optimally regulated, which prevents degradation of the various watch components which could be caused by excessive pressure variations. In addition, the use of a compression spring for pressure regulation eliminates the problems associated with the tolerance of the parts. Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the end of the piston acting on the ball may take other forms capable of limiting the axial movement of the ball when the valve is in an open configuration. The piston can also be in one piece or consist of several assembled parts. One could also imagine that the central barrel and the cover form an assembly capable of being placed in three axial positions relative to the tube in order to be able to control one or more additional functions. The safety valve according to this alternative embodiment could be operational for example in two of the three axial positions. List of references used [0049] Adjusting crown head 10 Hood 11 Cover 12 Axial skirt 13 Shoulder 14 Cavity 15 Slot 16 Gasket 17 O-ring Retaining ring 18 CH 714 006 A2 Tube 20 Internal wall 21 Tapped part 21a Shoulder 21b (1 embodiment) Bearing surface External wall 22 Bulge 22a Central cannon 23 Internal wall 24 External wall 25 25a threaded part Guide ring 26 (alternative) Support surface 26a Safety valve Drainage channel Entrance 30 Exit 31 Pressure regulator Piston 32 Shoulder 32a Hollow end 32b cone-shaped Guide screw 33 Screw head 33a Hollow center part 33b Peripheral annular part 33c Elastic member 34 Coil spring Ball 35 Retaining ring 36 Ball seat 37 Ring base 37a Inclined support surface 37b Peripheral support surface 37c Cylindrical wall 37d CH 714 006 A2 Automatic safety valve 40 Valve head 11 Gasket 17 Lip seal 17a Tube 20 Internal wall 21 Shoulder 21b External wall 22 Threaded part 222a Shoulder 22b Bearing surface Sealing ring 28 Drainage channel Entrance 30 Exit 31 Pressure regulator Piston 32 Guide screw 33 Elastic member 34 Coil spring Ball 35 Retaining ring 36 Ball seat 37 Ring base 37a Inclined support surface 37b Peripheral support surface 37c claims 1. Crown head (10) for a timepiece, in particular for a diving watch, comprising a cover (11) comprising a cover (12) and an axial skirt (13), a tube (20) intended to be fixed in a case of the timepiece, a seal (17) disposed between the tube (20) and the axial skirt (13), and a central barrel (23) arranged to be engaged with the tube (20), the central barrel (23) and the cover (11) forming an assembly capable of being placed in different axial positions relative to the tube (20), the crown head (10) further comprising a safety valve comprising a discharge channel arranged to be in fluid communication with the interior of the housing when the valve is in an open configuration in order to discharge an excess of fluid, characterized in that the safety valve also comprises a pressure regulator arranged inside of the evacuation channel to control the v fluid outlet rate. CH 714 006 A2 2. crown head according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure regulator comprises a ball (35) arranged to cooperate with a ball seat (37), the ball being arranged on the ball seat so as to obstruct the passage of a fluid in the discharge channel when the internal pressure upstream of the ball is less than a predetermined value, the ball (35) being dislodged from the seat (37) when said internal pressure exceeds the predetermined value in order to establish said fluid communication. 3. crown head according to claim 2, characterized in that the ball seat (35), the tube (20) and the axial skirt (13) have a symmetry of revolution relative to the axis of rotation (A) of the cover (11), the seat (35) comprising a central opening (30) corresponding to the inlet of the discharge channel as well as a bearing surface (37b) intended to be in contact with the ball (35). 4. crown head according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the pressure regulator further comprises a piston (32) mounted inside the central barrel (23) and an elastic member (34) arranged to cooperate with the piston (32), which is configured to move axially with variations in pressure inside the housing. 5. crown head according to claim 4 characterized in that the piston (32) and the elastic member (34) form an assembly arranged on the one hand to be able to actuate the movement of a control rod, and on the other hand , for regulating the pressure inside the housing. 6. Crown head according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising blocking means (21b; 26) preventing the separation between the cover (11) and the tube (20). 7. crown head according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking means are in the form of a guide ring (26) arranged at one end of the tube (20) at least partially on its circumference, the guide ring comprising a bearing surface (26a) arranged to exert pressure on the seal (17). 8. crown head according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking means are in the form of a shoulder (21b) arranged on the internal wall (21) of the tube (20) and comprising a bearing surface against which part of the piston (32) can come into abutment and in the form of a rim (23a) provided at the base of the central barrel (23) and arranged to come into abutment against a shoulder (32a) provided on the piston (32 ). 9. Automatic safety valve (40) for a timepiece, in particular for a diving watch, the valve comprising a valve head (11), a tube (20) intended to be fixed in a housing of the timepiece , and a discharge channel arranged to be able to be in fluid communication with the interior of the housing when the safety valve is in an open configuration in order to discharge an excess of fluid, characterized in that the safety valve further comprises a pressure regulator arranged inside the evacuation channel to control the speed of exit of the fluid. 10. Valve according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure regulator comprises a ball (35) arranged to cooperate with a ball seat (37), the ball being arranged on the seat (37) so as to obstruct the passage of a fluid in the discharge channel when the internal pressure upstream of the ball is less than a predetermined value, the ball (35) being dislodged from the seat (37) when said internal pressure exceeds the predetermined value in order to establish said fluid communication. 11. Valve according to claim 10, characterized in that the seat (37) and the tube (20) have a symmetry of revolution with respect to a reference axis (A), the seat (37) having a central opening ( 30) corresponding to the inlet of the discharge channel as well as a bearing surface (37b) intended to be in contact with the ball (35). 12. Valve according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the pressure regulator further comprises a piston (32) mounted inside the tube (20) and an elastic member (34) arranged to cooperate with the piston ( 32), the piston (35) being configured to move axially according to the pressure variations inside the housing. 13. Valve according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the external wall (22) of the tube (20) has a threaded part (222a) intended to be screwed into the middle part of the housing. 14. Valve according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that it further comprises a retaining ring (36) comprising an external side wall bearing against the circumference of the internal wall (21) of the tube ( 20), the retaining ring (36) resting on the ball seat (35) ensuring the centering of the ball (35) relative to a reference axis (A). 15. Valve according to any one of claims 10 to 14, further comprising a lip seal (17a) incorporated in the valve head (11), the sealing lip (17a) being in abutment against the inner wall (21) of the tube (20) when the pressure downstream of the ball (35) is less than a predetermined value, the sealing lip being configured to flex in a direction substantially perpendicular to the inner wall of the tube when the pressure downstream of the ball exceeds the predetermined value in order to allow the evacuation of the fluid out of the valve. 16. Timepiece, in particular diving watch, comprising the crown adjusting head according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the safety valve according to any one of claims 9 to 15. CH 714 006 A2 CH 714 006 A2