CH712417A2 - Sanitary hot water storage device. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for storing hot water, comprising a storage tank (2) and an access door (3) to the storage tank. The access hatch is provided with means (7) for reducing and orienting the speed of a stream of water intended to supply water to the storage tank (2).

Description

Description: [0001] The subject of the invention is a hot water storage device.

Generally, a hot water storage device comprises a water storage tank and an access door to the storage tank.

In a known manner, the hatch allows, during a manufacturing process of the device, to apply a suitable coating on an inner surface of the water storage tank.

In such a storage device, it is essential to provide thermal stratification of the water contained in the storage device since the thermal stratification of the water ensures a reduction of the energy to be supplied to heat the water. water.

By thermal stratification is meant distribution of water in layers or horizontal layers, each layer corresponding to a given temperature.

Due to the natural thermal stratification of water, hot water occupies a higher level in the tank, while cold water occupies the bottom of the tank.

Thus, to benefit from this natural distribution of water, in the so-called drawing phase, the reservoir is fed in the lower part in cold water, and is taken in the upper part hot water; and in the so-called loading phase, the cold water is taken off at the bottom and the upper part is supplied with hot water.

However, to optimize the stratification, it is necessary to avoid any internal movement of the water in the tank.

However, the cold water or hot water enters the tank via a quilting with a given speed, and penetrates deep into the tank eventually to layers of warm water, which inevitably causes a stirring of water. 'water.

It follows a significant increase in the energy to be provided to heat the entire volume of water to a desired temperature, due to a loss of performance of a heat generator.

The object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.

To this end, the invention relates to a hot water storage device, comprising a storage tank and an access door to the storage tank, characterized in that said access door is provided with means for reducing and orienting the speed of a water flow for supplying water to the storage tank.

With the device according to the present invention, it is possible to optimize the stratification in the storage tank, since the reduction means and speed orientation breaks the speed of the flow of water into the storage tank. , which avoids any mixing of water in the storage tank and preserves the thermal differentiation of the water layers.

In addition, the device according to the present invention is derived from a simple manufacturing process, because a surface treatment (for example against corrosion and / or to ensure the compatibility of the storage device with the food) can be applied independently to the tank on the one hand and by means of reduction and speed orientation on the other hand.

In addition, the device according to the present invention is flexible, insofar as the specific structure of the reduction means and speed orientation is advantageously chosen prior to its attachment to said trap.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the hatch is arranged in an end of the storage tank forming the bottom of the storage tank, the reduction and speed orientation means being arranged projecting from the hatch in the tank. storage, in the center of the bottom of the storage tank.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a second access door to the storage tank.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the second door is provided with a means for reducing and speed orientation of a water flow for supplying water to the storage tank.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the second hatch is disposed in an opposite end of the bottom of the storage tank forming the top of the storage tank, the reduction means and speed orientation being arranged projecting from the hatch in the storage tank, in the center of said upper part.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a rod comprising a first end secured to the second door and a second end integral with the speed reduction and orientation means, and preferably a length depends on a power and / or a flow rate of a heat generator of the storage device.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the means or at least one of the reduction and speed orientation means is a deflector.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the means or at least one of the speed reduction and orientation means comprises a main body having a plurality of water outlet holes out of the main body.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the main body comprises two water inlets in the speed reduction and orientation means, one of the two inputs being configured to be connected to a so-called return branch. loop of a collective sanitary hot water installation.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a water heating generator and a heat exchanger between a stream of water from the reservoir and another fluid.

The invention also relates to a sanitary hot water installation of a plurality of premises, comprising a storage device as described above, comprising a hot water supply branch of each room and a branch. returning the hot water from each local to the storage tank, said return branch, one of the two main body end of the return branch of the inlet.

The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a storage device as described above, comprising a surface treatment step of the storage tank and a surface treatment step of said at least one reducing means and speed orientation, independent of the surface treatment step of the storage tank.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the description which follows. This is purely illustrative and should be read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a storage device according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a detail view in perspective of a bottom of a storage tank of the storage device of FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a detail view in perspective of an outside of the bottom of FIG. 2; fig. 4 is a detail view in longitudinal section of a top of the device of FIG. 1 according to a variant embodiment; fig. 5 is a detail view in longitudinal section of a bottom of the device of FIG. 1 according to an alternative embodiment; fig. 6 is a perspective view of a speed reduction and orientation means of a water flow of FIG. 1; fig. 7 is a perspective view of a means for reducing and orienting the speed of a water flow according to a variant; figs. 8a and 8b are simulation results of a thermal distribution of the device of FIG. 1, a speed reduction and orientation means having respectively 12 holes and 24 holes, for a flow rate of 96L / min; fig. 9 is a simulation result of a thermal distribution of the device of FIG. 1, speed reduction and orientation means having 24 holes for a flow rate of 45 L / min; figs. 10 and 11 illustrate a temporal evolution of a temperature in the lower part and the middle of the storage tank of FIG. 1, in comparison with a time evolution according to the prior art; fig. 12 illustrates connections of a collective installation comprising the storage device of FIG. 1; and FIG. 13 illustrates a speed reduction and orientation means according to a variant particularly adapted to the installation of FIG. 12.

The invention relates to a hot water storage device, referenced 1 in the figures.

As shown in the figures, the device 1 comprises a water storage tank 2 and at least one access door to the storage tank 2.

[0030] Preferably, the storage tank 2 has a generally cylindrical shape.

In the illustrated embodiment, the reservoir 2 comprises a first and a second trap 3, 4.

The first hatch 3 is disposed in a first end of the tank 2 forming internal bottom 5 of the storage tank.

The second hatch 4 is disposed in an opposite end of the bottom 5 and forming the top 6 of the tank 2.

As more particularly visible in FIGS. 1 to 3, each access hatch 3, 4 is provided with means for reducing and orienting the speed of a stream of water intended to supply water to the storage tank 2, and referenced respectively as 7, 8 .

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the means 7 protrude from the first hatch 3 in the storage tank 2, preferably at the center 9 of the bottom 5 of the storage tank 2.

Similarly, the means 8 protrudes from the second hatch 4 in the tank 2, preferably at the center 10 of the top 6 of the storage tank 2.

Advantageously, the tank 2 is fed with cold water via the means 7.

Advantageously, the tank 2 is supplied with hot water via the means 8.

As shown in FIG. 1, the storage device 1 also comprises a heat exchanger 11 for heating the water of the tank 2 via a heat exchange with a second fluid.

The second fluid is itself heated by a generator 12, such as a boiler, a heat pump or solar panels.

The second fluid may be water.

The storage device 1 comprises a branch 13 for supplying cold water from a tapping 14 of the tank 2 to the heat exchanger 11.

The storage device 1 also comprises a branch 15 for supplying hot water from the heat exchanger 11 to a quilting 16 connected to the means 8.

Advantageously, the device comprises water circulation pumps in one of the branches, 13 or 15, not shown.

The tank 2 comprises a quill 17 cold water inlet into the tank 2, connected to the means 7 of reduction and orientation.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet tap 17 is arranged at the bottom of the tank 2.

The tank 2 comprises a stitching 18 of hot water outlet out of the tank 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet tap 18 is disposed at the top of the tank 2.

The stitching 18 is advantageously arranged on the hatch 4.

It is noted that the reservoir 2 contains water which is stratified naturally, that is to say that the water is distributed in the tank 2 layer of different temperatures, a layer of colder water being disposed on the bottom 5 and a layer of the hottest water being disposed at the top of the tank 2.

By cold water is meant water of the coldest water layer.

The cold water is for example at 10 ° C.

By hot water is meant water of the hottest layer.

The hot water is for example at 60 ° C.

Circulation of water in the storage device [0055] In drawing, that is to say when the heating device 1 supplies a hot water room, a stream of hot water leaves the tank 2 by the quilting exit 18.

In parallel, a stream of cold water F enters the bottom of the tank 2 by the means 7.

The speed reduction and orientation means 7 significantly reduces the speed of the cold water, as will be explained later, which ensures an optimization of the stratification of the water contained in the tank 2.

In charge, that is to say in the heating mode, a portion of the cold water is taken from the tank 2 by the nozzle 14 and flows successively in the branch 13 and the heat exchanger 11, where the water is heated by the second fluid.

The input quilting 14 is advantageously arranged on the hatch 3.

Then, the heated water circulates in the branch 15 before entering the tank 2 by the means 8 via the stitching 16.

The reduction means and speed orientation 8 significantly reduces the speed of the hot water, as will be explained later, which ensures an optimization of the stratification of the water contained in the tank 2.

According to a variant illustrated in FIG. 4, the outlet stitching 18 may advantageously be arranged on a flange 22, described below.

According to another variant illustrated in FIG. 5, the stitching 14 is distinct from the flange 22.

Speed reduction and orientation means [0064] According to a preferred variant, illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the speed reduction and orientation means 7 and 8 each comprise a main body 20 having a plurality of water outlet holes out of the main body, referenced 21.

As more particularly visible in FIG. 6, the main body 20 is a shell, a longitudinal axis is preferably vertical.

The ferrule 20 is preferably welded to a flange 22 bolted to the associated hatch 3, 4.

The flange 22 has a general shape of a crown.

It is noted that, seen from the outside, only the taps 14, 17 and the flange 22 are visible from outside the tank 2.

As shown in FIG. 6, the holes 21 are arranged on a side wall 23 of the ferrule 20.

The wall 23 is delimited between the flange 22 and a disk 24 opposite the disk 22.

The holes 21 of the ferrule 20 constitute the only water outlet passages out of the inlet nozzle 16, 17.

Due to the presence of a multitude of holes 21, a flow F entering the means 7 is converted into a multitude of flows f coming out of the means 7.

Because the holes 21 are arranged laterally, the flux f leaving the shell 20 form a non-zero angle with the longitudinal direction L of the ferrule 20.

The means 7, 8 are placed in the tank 2 so that the longitudinal direction L of the rings 20 coincide with the longitudinal axis Z of the tank 2.

The fluxes f also form a non-zero angle with the direction of the longitudinal axis Z of the tank 2, which makes it possible to prevent the water from moving longitudinally in the tank 2 and penetrates into the successive layers of the stratification.

The total section of the holes 21 is adjusted to limit the exit speed of the water from the shell 20.

In FIG. 2, it can be seen that the means 7 of the bottom of the tank 2 are arranged so that the edge 24 is as close as possible to the bottom 5 of the tank 2.

It is possible, however, that the reduction and orientation means comprises a rod secured to the ferrule 20.

This variant is particularly advantageous for the means 8 mounted in the upper part of the tank 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rod 25 comprises a first end 26 integral with the second hatch 4 and a second end 27 integral with the ferrule 20.

The rod 25 extends longitudinally along the tank 2, in a direction coinciding with the longitudinal axis Z of the tank 2.

The length of the rod 25 is chosen so as to penetrate the water in the tank 2 via the means 8 in a layer of water whose temperature is not too high, so as not to disturb the volume hot water available above the middle 8.

The length depends in particular on a power and a flow rate of the generator 12.

According to a variant illustrated in FIG. 7, the speed reduction and orientation means is a deflector 28.

The deflector 28 comprises a wall 29 for deflecting the flow of water entering the means 7, which allows both to reduce the speed of the incoming water flow F and to direct the flow F into a stream F 'to prevent it from penetrating deeply into the reservoir 2. Simulation Results [0086] The results of FIGS. 8a and 8b illustrate a thermal distribution in the tank 2 after 60s of a load of the tank 2 in cold water, the shell 20 being provided respectively with 12 holes and 24 holes.

The water flow rate is 96 L / min (1.6x10_3m3 / s).

As shown in FIG. 8a, the coldest water flows along the bottom 5 and on the lateral edges of the tank 2.

Due to the presence of the holes 21 on the side wall of the ferrule 20, no jet of cold water is emitted longitudinally along the Z axis.

As is clear from FIG. 8a, the stratification of the balloon is not modified by the arrival of cold water, since the cold water is directed only in the lower part of the tank 2.

As shown in FIG. 8b, it can be seen that the stratification is not disturbed by the cold water load.

Because the shell has twice as many holes as for the embodiment of FIG. 8a, the stratification is even better, the hot water cold water mixture being even lower than in FIG. 8a.

Thus, it is clear from the comparison of FIGS. 8a and 8b that, according to the configuration of the means 7, 8, in particular according to the arrangement, the area and the number of holes, the storage device 1 adapts to the use that one wishes to make.

In other words, the storage device 1 is adjustable according to the desired use.

The results of FIG. 9 illustrate a thermal distribution in the tank 2 after 60 s load, the ferrule being provided with 24 holes.

The water flow is 45 L / min (0.75x10 ~ 3m3 / s).

As shown in FIG. 9, for a flow rate of 45 L / min (0.75x10_3m3 / s), the 24-hole shell provides a better distribution of hot and cold water.

However, for a lower flow rate, for example of the order of 10 L / min (0.16x10 ~ 3m3 / s), the ferrule with 24 holes and the ferrule with 12 holes can lead to the same volume of hot water, depending on the set heating time. Experimental Results [0099] FIG. 10 illustrates a curve 81 of time evolution of an ideal temperature at the bottom of the tank 2.

FIG. 10 also illustrates a curve 82 of time evolution of a real temperature at the bottom of the tank 2 of the prior art, without means of reduction and orientation.

[0101] FIG. 10 also illustrates a curve 83 of temporal evolution of a real temperature at the bottom of the tank 2 of the storage device of FIG. 1.

As can be seen in FIG. 10, the ideal curve 81 is a constant temperature at 10 ° C from 18h.

From 18h, the curve 83 is almost constant, at an average temperature of about 14 ° C.

From 18h, the curve 82 describes more changes, for an average temperature above 20 ° C.

Thus, curve 83 is much closer to the ideal curve 81 than curve 82.

[0106] FIG. 11 illustrates a curve 91 of time evolution of an ideal temperature at half height of the tank 2.

[0107] FIG. 11 also illustrates a curve 92 of temporal evolution of a real temperature at half height of the reservoir 2 of the prior art, without means of reduction and orientation.

[0108] FIG. 11 also illustrates a curve 93 of time evolution of a real temperature at half height of the tank 2 of the storage device of FIG. 1.

As can be seen in FIG. 11, the ideal curve 91 is a constant temperature at 10 ° C between 19h and 6h, followed by two charges of water at 65 ° C between 7h and 8h and between 8h and 8h30.

As it is clear from the time evolution, the curve 93 is closer to the ideal curve 91 than the curve 92.

Collective Installation [0111] As shown in FIG. 12, the storage device 1 equips a collective hot water installation 100.

The installation 100 supplies hot water with a plurality of premises, such as apartments.

As can be seen in FIG. 12, the installation 100 comprises a branch 101 for supplying domestic hot water from each room 104 and a branch 102 for returning the domestic hot water from each room 104 to the tank 2, said return branch.

Embodiment variant [0114] As shown in FIG. 13, the storage device 1 advantageously comprises a lamination rod 120.

The lamination rod 120 is coaxial with the shell 20 of the means 7 disposed at the bottom 5 of the tank 2.

The rod 120 is screwed on the stitching 121 which passes through the reduction means and speed orientation.

Advantageously, the lamination rod 120 extends longitudinally along the Z axis of the tank 2.

Claims (12)

The water of the return branch flows in the lamination rod 120. The lamination rod 120 comprises a plurality of holes 122 arranged one above the other. Each hole is provided with a shutter valve of the hole. The laminating rod 120 is configured to allow the opening of only one hole at a time. Because the rod 120 extends longitudinally in the tank 2, the holes 121 are arranged in the successive thermal layers. The open hole 121 is the one immersed in the water layer of the tank 2 whose temperature is closest to the temperature of the water of the return branch. This variant makes it possible to further optimize the lamination in the tank 2 with respect to the loop return. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the storage device 1 comprising a surface treatment step of the storage tank 2 and a surface treatment step of the reduction and orientation means of the storage tank 2. speed, 7.8, this step being independent of the surface treatment step of the storage tank. The surface treatment is advantageously a coating against corrosion and / or a coating to make the device 1 compatible with food or sanitary liquids. For example, the surface coating of the tank 2 may be enamel, while the material of the means 7, 8 may be stainless steel. The manufacturing method of the storage device 1 is simple, since several separate stages allow a suitable treatment of the tank on the one hand and means 7, 8, on the other hand. claims 1. Sanitary hot water storage device, comprising a storage tank (2) and a hatch (3, 4) for access to the storage tank (2), characterized in that said access hatch (3) is provided with means for reducing and speeding (7) a flow of water for supplying water to the storage tank (2). Storage device according to claim 1, wherein the flap (3) is arranged in one end of the bottom storage tank (5) of the storage tank (2), the speed reduction and orientation means ( 7, 8) being arranged projecting from the hatch in the storage tank, in the center (9) of the bottom (5) of the storage tank. 3. Storage device according to one of claims 1 or 2, comprising a second door (4) for access to the storage tank. 4. Storage device according to the preceding claim, wherein the second door (4) is provided with a reduction means and speed of a flow of water for supplying water to the storage tank. 5. Storage device according to one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the second flap (4) is disposed in an opposite end of the bottom of the storage reservoir forming the top (6) of the storage tank (2), the means reduction and speed orientation device (8) being arranged projecting from the hatch (4) in the storage tank (2), in the center of said vertex. 6. Storage device according to one of claims 4 or 5, comprising a rod (25) comprising a first end (26) secured to the second door (4) and a second end (27) integral with the reduction means and speed orientation (8). 7. Storage device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the means or at least one of the reduction means and speed orientation (7, 8) is a deflector (28). The storage device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the means or at least one of the speed reduction and orientation means comprises a main body (20) having a plurality of holes (21). leaving water out of the main body (20). 9. Storage device according to the preceding claim, wherein the main body comprises two water inlets in the reduction means and speed orientation, one of the two inputs being configured to be connected to a so-called return branch. loop of a collective sanitary hot water installation. 10. Storage device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a water heating generator (12) and a heat exchanger (11) between a stream of water from the reservoir and another fluid. 11. Installation of domestic hot water of a plurality of premises, provided with the storage device according to claim 9, comprising a branch (101) for supplying domestic hot water of each room and a branch (102) of return of the hot water from each local to the storage tank, said return branch, one (103) of the two inputs of the main body forming the end of the return branch. 12. A method of manufacturing a storage device according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising a surface treatment step of the storage tank (2) and a surface treatment step of said at least one reduction means and speed orientation (7, 8), independent of the surface treatment step of the storage tank.