CH708135A1 - Locking device and door with locking device. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking device (11) with a housing (27a, 27b), a in the housing (27a, 27b) arranged and movable in a displacement bolt (19a, 19b) which is displaceable by a certain closing path from an open position to a locking position a first spring, which biases the bolt (19a, 19b) into the locking position, a locking bar (17a, 17b), which is connected to a first end with the bolt (19a, 19b) and is also displaceable in the direction of displacement, and a pivotable actuating lever (13a, 13b) which engages the second end of the locking bar (17a, 17b), for actuating the locking bar (17a, 17b). Furthermore, the locking device (11) comprises a movable latch disposed adjacent to the latch (19a, 19b), which is biased by a spring means into a locking position and can lock the latch (19a, 19b) in the open position. The invention also relates to a fire door with this locking device.

Description

The invention relates to a locking device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a gate according to claim 14.

State of the art:

Fire and smoke doors are used in tunnels in both directions of access. On the one hand, they serve escaping people from the tunnel and, on the other hand, they serve firefighters and rescue personnel as access to the tunnel. This applies to persons as well as vehicles.

In DE 10 2006 012 093 a fire and smoke protection door is described, which is designed as a swing door. The fire and smoke protection door contains as essential elements a door frame made of refractory material, at least one door of refractory material which is rotatably connected about a vertical axis with the door frame, wherein the door opens in both opening directions and closes in both closed positions. A door closing device for moving the door leaf from an open position into a closing position closing the door opening, a locking device for locking the door leaf with the door frame in the closed position and a seal acting on the door leaf in both opening directions and / or on the door frame for sealing the intermediate space between the door leaf and the door surround in the closed position against the passage of smoke is also provided on the door. However, the design of the locking device with door handle and spring-loaded pins which engage in the door frame is not permanently stable and loses its reliability with increasing age caused by the constant pressure load changes of the passing traffic.

task

Object of the present invention is therefore to propose a door or a gate with a locking device, which locking device reliably and permanently opens and closes, especially at high pressure and vacuum conditions, as they are caused in traffic tunnels of trucks and trains.

description

These and other objects are achieved by the subject matter of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the inventive subject matter are defined in the subclaims.

The object we according to the preamble of claim 1 by a juxtaposed to the latch, movable latch, which is biased by a spring means in a locked position and can block the latch in the open position solved. The pawl or rocker is preferably biased in a vertical position, i. the pawl swings back after deflection from the vertical position out again in the locked position. It lies against the extended latch and pivots over the latch as soon as it releases the path for the latch in the open position in the open position. The latch control is therefore automatic by the position of the bolt and requires no additional manual operation.

Characterized in that the movable latch is preferably pivotable, it can also be referred to as a rocker part. Conveniently, the movable pawl from the locking position is pivoted on both sides. This is particularly advantageous for swing doors, since the pawl is in any case pivoted or deflected out of the vertical blocking position, regardless of which of the two possible open positions the door is closed.

In a preferred embodiment, the spring means is a bent leaf spring, preferably in the shape of the Greek letter omega. The leaf spring is symmetrical in shape and therefore builds from both Ausschwenkpositionen the same pressure on the pawl when it abuts the extended latch in the locked position. Of course, other spring means may be used, provided they allow a deflection and a voltage regardless of the deflection of the pawl or rocker.

Advantageously, the bolt on a plea, which can interact with the pawl. For this purpose, the pawl has a recess into which the engagement means can lock in the locked position, but can leave it again with little resistance when the pawl is pivoted.

It proves to be advantageous if the engagement means is a projection or a cam, which is arranged on the latch or formed on this. Such a projection is reliably connected to the pawl and can be adapted to the recess on the pawl, with which the projection cooperates, in its shape exactly.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the bolt and the locking bar are mechanically decoupled from each other. This design feature ensures that the latch can not be pulled or pushed by the latch bar. When it is locked by the latch in the open position. This prevents accidental release of the bolt from its open position.

Conveniently, the bolt and the locking bar by a certain distance, which essentially corresponds to the closing path of the bolt, independently movable. The locking bar, it is operated by the operating lever when the bolt is in the open position, therefore passes through empty and has no effect on the latch. Since the locking bar is translated so that it can only move by the distance of the closing path, it is of interest that the locking bar also passes empty by this distance relative to the locking bar. Advantageously, the mechanical decoupling of bolt and locking bar can be achieved in that the locking bar comprises a first and a second portion connected to the bolt and the first and second portion are movable independently of each other substantially over the length of the closing path of the bolt. This form of decoupling is simple and therefore cost effective and reliable.

In a further preferred embodiment, at the end of the first portion, which faces the second portion, a sleeve is fixed with at least one elongated hole, in which sleeve, the second portion on the length of the slot independently of the first portion is movable. The second section is equipped with Gleitvorsprüngen which slide in the least one slot. If the sliding projection abuts against the ends of the oblong hole, a pulling movement is transmitted from the first section to the second section. Therefore, the first section can only pull the second section when the latch is in the locking position. If the latch is held in the open position by the latch, the sliding projections slide in the slot without transmitting movement to the second section.

Conveniently, the locking bar attack only in the locked position of the bolt on the bolt. As a result, by the locking bar or with this mechanically coupled actuating lever while pulling the bolt in the open position, but not press out of the open position. The release of the bolt from the open position is carried out exclusively by the pawl or the rocker.

It proves to be advantageous if the locking bar is biased by a second spring in a first end position. The locking bar is therefore always brought from the second, spring in a position in which they can pull the latch in the open position. The second spring may also be provided for returning the actuating lever (panic bar) mechanically coupled to the locking bar to the position in which it can be pressed by a user.

In a further preferred embodiment, the actuating lever and the locking bar are designed and cooperate such that upon actuation of the actuating lever, the locking bar is moved from the first end position to a second end position and thereby moves the bolt in the open position. Pressing the operating lever therefore causes a pulling movement of the one or two locking bars.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a gate, in particular a fire and smoke protection gate with the locking device described above. In gates, when used in traffic tunnels, the locking device reliably closes the gate even during high pressure changes caused by passing vehicles in a tunnel. The locking device is able to sustain even strong pressure waves of heavy vehicles or trains permanently.

It proves to be advantageous if the vertical axis of rotation is arranged substantially centrally in the depth of the door leaf and the door frame, whereby the door leaf acts as a pendulum door leaf. The gate can therefore be opened in two directions. If the gate is installed in a tunnel, each gate can be used to leave the tunnel or gain access to the tunnel.

Preferably, the door leaf is rotatably connected by bearings with the door frame, wherein the door leaf is biased by a clamping element, which resets the door leaf in the closed position. The door leaves can not be accidentally left open by this return mechanism and the door is always closed when not in use. The clamping elements can be hydraulic elements or conventional gate closers, which also dampen the closing of the gate leaves. For the interaction of stop and pawl, it is important that the gate is automatically closed, because only during the closing process, the pawl or the rocker can be pivoted by the stop.

Advantageously, the at least one leaf has a circumferential profile with a seal for sealing the gap between the leaf and door frame in the closed position. As a result, flue gases are reliably retained by the gate, since at the impact of the door leaf and at the transition between door frame and door leaf, the seal acts substantially gas-tight.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the pawl releases the latch in the closed state of the door leaf. When closing the gate, the bolt is automatically brought into the locked position. The closed gate is therefore always locked, no matter from which direction it is brought into the closed position.

Conveniently, the pawl is moved away in the closed state of the door leaf by a stop on the door frame from the locked position. The pawl is therefore always deflected in the closed position of the gate from the locked position and the bolt is always in the locked position. The stop acts as a positive guide for the pawl or the rocker.

Conveniently, the gate comprises a sandwich fire protection plate with a filling of refractory material and the goal frame is made of a refractory material. As a result, the gate can be used as a fire and smoke protection gate.

Preferably, the seal is formed from two sealing profiles defining a gap, in the space a thermosensitive sealant is arranged, which increases its volume under the action of heat above a certain temperature to fill the gap between gate and door frame. If the door becomes very hot during fires, another sealing function is triggered to maintain the door's sealing function, even if the sealing profiles fail.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. It shows: <Tb> FIG. 1: <SEP> an axonometric view of a locking device according to the invention, <Tb> FIG. 2: <SEP> is a side view of the locking device of FIG. 1, <Tb> FIG. 3: <SEP> axonometric sectional view of a locking element with a latch in the locking position, <Tb> FIG. 4: <SEP> Axonometric representation of the locking element with a pivotable pawl in the open position and the bolt in the locking position, <Tb> FIG. 5: <SEP> Axonometric representation of the locking element with a pivotable pawl in the locked position and the latch in the open position, <Tb> FIG. 6: <SEP> a fire and smoke protection door with the door leaves open in a first direction, <Tb> FIG. 7: <SEP> the fire and smoke protection door of FIG. 6 with the door leaves open in a second direction, <Tb> FIG. 8: <SEP> is a sectional view of a gate leaf with a built-in locking device, <Tb> FIG. 9: <SEP> the door leaf in a sectional view with the bolt in detail <Tb> FIG. 10: <SEP> a detailed view of the built-in locking device with the latch in the open position and the latch in the locking position, <Tb> FIG. 11: <SEP> the detail view from FIG. 10 in axonometric representation, <Tb> FIG. 12: <SEP> a plan view of the shock of the two wings and <Tb> FIG. 13: <SEP> a plan view of the transition between gate and goal frame

The locking device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is generally designated by the reference numeral 11. The locking device 11 is operated via an actuating lever 13, for example a panic bar. It is also possible for two actuating levers 13a, 13b to be arranged on both sides of a door or gate leaf. About a in Fig. 8 apparent lever transmission 15, the second ends of a first and second locking bar 17a, 17b are driven. The first ends of the locking bars 17a, 17b are indirectly connected to vertically slidable bars 19a, 19b.

When pressing the actuating lever 13a, 13b, the locking bars 17a, 17b are pulled in the direction of the actuating lever 13a, 13b and pull the latch 19a, 19b from the locking position to the open position. The locking bars 17a, 17b move in a direction of displacement 20. In order for the actuating levers 13a, 13b to be brought back into the basic position after release, second springs 21a, 21b are attached to the locking bars 17a, 17b. The compressed upon actuation of the actuating lever 13a, 13b second springs 21a, 21b push the locking bars 17a, 17b back to the normal position.

However, the latch 19a, 19b are not brought by the second springs 21a, 21b in the extended locking position, since they are retained by a pawl 23, and a rocker member, and are decoupled by a slot 25 mechanically from the locking bar. These design features will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5: The bolts 19 are each received in a housing 27a, 27b and can move linearly in the housing in the vertical direction, whereby the closing path of the bolt is defined. The latches 19a, 19b cooperate with the pawls 29a, 29b by retaining the pawls 29 in the open position. To simplify the description, only one latch 19 is described in FIGS. 3 to 5, although the description applies to both latches 19a, 19b.

A first spring 31, which depressed between the housing 27 and latch 19, biases the latch 19 in the locked position. If the latch 19 is pulled by the locking bar 17 in the open position along the direction of displacement, the first spring is compressed. The latch 19 slides in a guide slot 28 with a bolt 30 (shown in Figs. 3 and 9). As a result, the closing path of the bolt is defined, having arrived in the open position, the latch 19 is prevented by the pawl 23, which is in a locking position, from returning to the locking position. This is shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

The pawl 23 is pivotable about an axis, wherein the axis is oriented normal to the displacement direction 20. The pawl 23 is biased by a leaf spring 33 in the vertical in the locked position and can be pivoted under tension in both directions from the vertical locking position. The leaf spring 33 preferably has the shape of the Greek letter omega, wherein a bilateral pivoting of the rocker is made possible and the leaf spring 33 is equally strong in both directions.

If the latch 19 is now pulled by the locking bar 17 in the open position, it pivots the pawl 23 by means of a cam 35 from the locking position to the side and clamps the pawl 23. When the latch has reached the open position, so there is the cam 35, the latch 23 free. The pawl 23 then snaps back over the cam 35 into the locked position and prevents a return of the now biased by the first spring 31 bolt in the locked position.

Although the latch 19 is locked in the open position of the pawl 23, the locking bar 17 and the actuating lever 17 can be moved back from a second end position of the second spring in the normal position or a first end position. This is made possible by the locking bar 17 being subdivided into a first section 37 and a second section 39 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 9). At the second portion 39, a sleeve 41 is attached to the vertical slot 25. Two opposing slots 25 are preferably provided on the sleeve, wherein the first portion 37 slides with retaining projections in the slots 25. Conveniently, the slot 25 has the length of the Schliessweges. If the latch 19 is locked in the open position by the pawl 23, then the first portion 37 slides freely in the sleeve 41 when the actuating lever is pressed. That the retaining projections slide in the oblong holes. The latch 19 is in the locking direction, then the retaining projections are struck on the slots 25 and a pulling of the first portion 37 is transmitted to the second portion 39 and thus also to the bolt 19.

The fine adjustment of the closing path and the bias of the second spring can be done for example by provided on the locking bar 17 spindles or a right and left-hand thread.

Conveniently, the pawl 23 releases the latch 19 from the locked position when latching is desired. Using the example of a fire and smoke protection door 43, this is carried out in FIGS. 6 to 10:

The gate 43 comprises a goal frame 45 and two gate wings 47a, 47b. The leaves 47 a, 47 b are rotatably received in the goal frame 45. FIGS. 6 and 7 show that the door leaves 47a, 47b are designed as pendulum door leaves, ie can be opened in both directions. For this purpose, the axes of rotation 48 of the door leaves 47 extend centrally on the outer edges through the depth of the door leaves 47 (FIG. 13). Preferably, the door leaves 47 are biased in the closed position, so that they automatically return to this position from both open positions. The bias can be achieved by a variety of clamping elements, such as hydraulic elements or commercially available Torschliesser.

Since the leaves 47 are made fireproof, they consist of a sandwich fire protection board. The seal on the butt of the leaves 47 and between gates 47 and goal frame 45 is effected by two parallel circumferential sealing profiles 49. In the intermediate space, which is formed by the sealing profiles, a thermo-sensitive sealant 51 is provided.

In the door leaves 47, a locking device 11 is installed on the mutually facing sides of the door leaf 47 each. From the locking position, the bars 19a, 19b can be pulled into the open position by pressing the panic bars 13a, 13b, which are in the first end position, by pressing the panic bars 13a, 13b into the second end position. The latches 23 then snap over the latches 19a, 19b and are in the locked position preventing the latches 19 from moving back to the locked position. Once the pawl 23 has been snapped into the locked position, movement of the panic bar 13 between the first and second end positions does not act on the latch 19. Rather, the first section 37 in the sleeve 41 or slotted holes 25 is empty. The leaves 47a, 47b can now be moved in both directions in the open position. If the leaves 47a, 47b are moved back into the closed position, either automatically by a door closer or by external action, the rocking part 23 strikes against a stop 53 on the goal frame 45 (FIGS. 10 and 11). The n-shaped leaf spring 33 has the advantage that the rocker member 23 is deflected from both sides of the stop 53 under spring tension, regardless of the direction in which the leaves 47 a, 47 b were opened. If the rocker part 23 is pivoted, the latch 19 is released and the latch is pressed by the first spring 31 into the locking position. The latch 19 engages in the door frame 45 a. This lock is very reliable and withstands pressure changes from passing vehicles of any kind. The sleeve 41 with the elongated holes 25 is now displaced by the first spring 31 and the bolt 19 relative to the first portion 37, that the retaining projections abut the slot ends. A pulling movement of the first portion 37 can thereby be transferred to the second portion 39 and the bolt 19 again.

Legend

[0038] <Tb> 11 <September> locking device <tb> 13a, 13b <SEP> Operation lever, panic bar <Tb> 15 <September> leverage <tb> 17a, 17b <SEP> Tie Bars <tb> 19a, 19b <SEP> Latch <Tb> 20 <September> displacement direction <tb> 21a, 21b <SEP> second springs <tb> 23 <SEP> Handle, rocker <Tb> 25 <September> slot <tb> 27a, 27b <SEP> Case <Tb> 28 <September> guide link <Tb> 30 <September> Bolts <tb> 31 <SEP> first spring <tb> 33 <SEP> Leaf spring in omega shape <Tb> 35 <September> cams <tb> 37 <SEP> first section of the locking bar <tb> 39 <SEP> second section of the locking bar <Tb> 41 <September> Barrel <Tb> 42 <September> Spindle <tb> 43 <SEP> Fire and smoke protection gate <Tb> 45 <September> door frame <tb> 47a, 47b <SEP> Gate leaf <Tb> 48 <September> axes of rotation <tb> 49 <SEP> circumferential sealing profiles <tb> 51 <SEP> thermosensitive sealant <Tb> 53 <September> stop

Claims (21)

1. locking device (11) with A housing (27), - One in the housing (27) arranged and in a displacement direction (20) movable latch (19) which is displaceable by a certain closing path from an open position to a locking position, A first spring (31) which biases the latch (19) into the locking position, - A locking bar (17) which is connected to a first end with the bolt (19) and also in the displacement direction (20) is displaceable, and - A pivotable actuating lever (13) which engages the second end of the locking bar (17), for actuating the locking bar (17), further characterized by a movable pawl (23) disposed adjacent to the latch (19) and biased by a spring means (33) into a locked position and capable of blocking the latch (19) in the open position. 2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable pawl (23) is pivotable. 3. Locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable pawl (23) is pivotable out of the locking position on both sides. 4. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring means is a bent leaf spring (33), preferably in the shape of the Greek letter Omega. 5. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bolt (19) has an engaging means (35) which can cooperate with the pawl. 6. Locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that the engagement means is a projection or a cam (35) which is arranged on the bolt (19) or formed thereon. 7. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bolt (19) and the locking bar (17) are mechanically decoupled from each other. 8. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bolt (19) and the locking bar (17) by a certain distance, which essentially corresponds to the closing path of the bolt (19), are independently movable. 9. Locking device according to one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the mechanical decoupling of bolt (19) and locking bar (17) can be achieved in that the locking bar (17) has a first and a bolt connected to the second portion (37 , 39) and the first and second sections (37, 39) are movable independently of one another substantially along the length of the closing path of the bolt (19). 10. Locking device according to claim 9, characterized in that at the end of the first portion (37), which faces the second portion (39), a sleeve (41) is fixed with at least one slot (25), in which sleeve ( 41), the second section (39) is movable along the length of the oblong hole (25) independently of the first section (37). 11. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the locking bar (17) can engage only in the locking position of the bolt (19) on the bolt (19). 12. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the locking bar (17) by means of a second spring (21) is biased in a first end position. 13. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the actuating lever (13) and the locking bar (17) are designed and can cooperate such that upon actuation of the actuating lever (13), the locking bar (17) of the first End position is moved to a second end position and thereby moves the latch (19) in the open position. 14th goal (43) with A gate frame (45), - At least one gate (47) which is connected about a vertical axis of rotation (48) rotatably connected to the door frame (45), said gate (47) and door frame (45) have a width, height and depth, - A gate opening device, preferably at least one panic bar (13), for moving the gate (47) from at least one closed position to an open position and - A locking device (11) according to one of claims 1 to 13 for locking the door leaf (47) with the door frame (45) in the closed position. 15. Locking device according to claim 14, characterized in that the vertical axis of rotation (48) is arranged substantially centrally in the depth of the gate (47) and the door frame (45), whereby the gate (47) acts as a pendulum gate. 16. Locking device according to one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that the gate (47) is rotatably connected by bearings with the door frame (45), wherein the gate (47) is biased by a clamping element, which the gate (47) returns to the closed position. 17. Locking device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the at least one gate (47) has a circumferential profile with a seal (49) for sealing the gap between the gate (47) and door frame (45) in the closed position , 18. Locking device according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the pawl (23) in the closed state of the door leaf (47) releases the bolt (19). 19. Locking device according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the pawl (23) in the closed state of the door leaf (47) by a stop (53) on the door frame (45) is moved away from the locked position. 20. Locking device according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the gate (47) comprises a sandwich fire protection plate with a filling of refractory material and the door frame (45) is made of a refractory material. 21. Locking device according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the seal of two gap defining a sealing profiles (49) is formed and in the space a thermosensitive sealant (51) is arranged, which under the action of heat above a certain temperature its volume increased to fill the gap between gate and goal frame.