CH704257B1 - Assembly of a fragile piece not having a plastic field. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembly of a member (27) made of a first material extending axially in the opening of a workpiece made of a second brittle material that does not comprise a plastics field. According to the invention, the part comprises cut-outs (26) making it possible to form elastic deformation means distributed around its opening. Moreover, said member (27) comprises a portion (24) elastically and plastically deformed which clamps radially (B). a wall of said part surrounding the opening by biasing said elastic deformation means to non-destructively fasten the assembly for said part. The invention relates in particular to the field of timepieces.

Description

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to an assembly of a part whose fragile material does not comprise a plastic field, with a member comprising another type of material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Current assemblies comprising a silicon-based part are generally bonded together. Such an operation requires extreme finesse of application which makes it expensive. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0003] The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a glueless assembly capable of securing a part whose fragile material, which does not include a plastic field, with an element comprising a ductile material such as, for example, a metal or a metal alloy.

For this purpose, the invention relates to an assembly of a member made of a first material extending axially in the opening of a part made of a second fragile material, having no plastic domain, characterized in that the piece comprises perforations for deforming elastic deformation means distributed around its opening and in that said member comprises an elastically and plastically deformed portion which radially clamps a wall of said part surrounding the opening by soliciting said deformation means elastic to non-destructively fasten the assembly for said part.

This configuration advantageously allows to secure the whole part - intermediate part - body without bonding with a usual member to the controlled precision while ensuring that the part does not undergo destructive efforts even if it is formed, for example, from silicon.

According to other advantageous features of the invention: - the outer wall of the deformed portion is substantially of corresponding shape to the opening of the workpiece to exert a substantially uniform radial stress on a wall of the workpiece surrounding said opening; - the opening of the room is circular; the opening of the part is asymmetrical in order to avoid relative displacements between the elements of said assembly; the perforations are formed at a distance and around the opening by two first series of diamond-shaped holes distributed in a staggered manner in order to form distributed V-shaped beams; the perforations comprise, between the first two series and the opening, a third series which is formed of holes in the form of a triangle and distributed in staggered rows with one of the first two series in order to form distributed X-shaped beams; ; - The part has slots for communicating the third set of holes with the opening; the perforations are formed at a distance and around the opening by a first series of oblong holes distributed in staggered rows with a second series of triangular shaped holes, the second series being the closest to the opening, each triangular shaped hole; communicating with the opening by a notch to form radially movable beams according to the thickness of the oblong holes; the perforations comprise a third series of holes in the form of a triangle, each hole of the third series being distributed between two triangular holes of the second series and communicating with the opening by a slot in order to form independent two-arm beams; radially movable according to the thickness of the oblong holes and tangentially according to the thickness of the slots; the series of holes extend over a width of between 100 μm and 500 μm from the wall of the part surrounding the opening; In addition, the invention relates to a timepiece characterized in that it comprises an assembly according to one of the preceding variants.

Finally, the invention relates to a method of assembling an organ made of a first material in a part made of a second fragile material, not comprising a plastic field, said method comprising the following steps: a) forming the part with an opening and perforations distributed around the opening intended to form elastic deformation means; b) forming the member into said second material; c) introducing without constraint, in the opening, a portion of said organ; d) elastically and plastically deforming the portion of said member in the opening by bringing two tools together in order to exert a radial stress against the wall of the part surrounding the opening by urging said means of elastic deformation of the part in order to secure the non-destructively assembling for said workpiece.

This method advantageously allows to radially fasten the member and the workpiece without any axial force is applied to the workpiece. Indeed, advantageously according to the invention, only a radial elastic deformation is applied to the workpiece. Finally, such a method makes it possible to secure the whole piece - intermediate part - body by adapting to the manufacturing dispersions of the various constituents.

According to other advantageous features of the invention: the outer wall of the portion of said member in the opening is substantially of corresponding shape to the opening of the part to exert a substantially uniform radial stress on the wall of the room surrounding the opening; - the opening of the room is circular; the opening of the part is asymmetrical in order to avoid relative displacements between the elements of said assembly; during step d), the deformation exerts a tightening of between 8 μm and 20 μm; during steps c) and d), the part of the organ in the opening is held in the opening by one of the two tools; the second material is formed based on silicon; the first material is formed based on metal or metal alloy; the piece can be, for example, a watch mobile, a watch anchor, a watch winder, a resonator or else a MEMS.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0011] Other features and advantages will become clear from the description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a partial schematic view of a watch movement comprising three assemblies according to the invention; fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of a watch hairspring comprising a fourth assembly according to the invention; figs. 3 to 6 are views of variants according to a first embodiment of elastic deformation means according to the invention; figs. 7 and 8 are views of variants according to a second embodiment of elastic deformation means according to the invention; figs. 9 to 11 are schematic representations of successive steps of the assembly method according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0012] As explained above, the invention relates to an assembly and its method for joining a fragile material, that is to say not having a plastic field as a material. based on silicon, with a ductile material such as a metal or a metal alloy.

This assembly was designed for applications in the watchmaking field. However, other areas can perfectly be imagined as including aeronautics, jewelry, automotive or the arts of the table.

In the field of watchmaking, this assembly is made necessary by the increasing share of fragile materials such as those based on silicon, quartz, corundum or more generally ceramic. One can for example consider forming the hairspring, the balance, the anchor, bridges or even mobiles such as exhaust wheels totally or partially based on fragile materials.

However, the fact of always being able to use usual steel axes whose production is controlled, is a constraint that is difficult to reconcile with the use of fragile parts not having a plastic field. Indeed, during tests carried out, the driving of a steel shaft is impossible and systematically breaks the fragile parts, that is to say not having a plastic field. For example, it has been found that the shear generated by the entry of the metal axis into the opening of a silicon part breaks the latter systematically.

Therefore, the invention relates to an assembly between a member of a first material, for example ductile like steel, in the opening of a part in a second material having no plastic field , as a silicon-based material, by deformation of a portion of the member which is mounted in the opening of said piece.

According to the invention, said member comprises an elastically and plastically deformed portion which radially clamps the wall of said part surrounding the opening by biasing said elastic deformation means to non-destructively fasten the assembly for said part. .

In addition, preferably, the outer wall of the portion of the member in the opening is substantially of corresponding shape to the opening of the part to exert a substantially uniform radial stress on the wall of the the piece surrounding said opening. Indeed, during the researches carried out, it appeared preferable that the part of the organ present in the opening evenly distribute the radial stresses induced by its deformation on the wall of the room surrounding the opening.

Therefore, if the opening in the fragile part is circular, it is preferable that the outer wall of the part of the member present in the opening is in substantially continuous cylinder shape, that is to say say without radial slit or axial ajourage, is made preferable to avoid localized stresses on a part of the wall of the room surrounding the opening that are suitable for initiating break points.

This interpretation also justifies the non-use of a washer on the upper or lower part of the part of the body present in the opening. Indeed, during deformation, such a washer transmits a portion of the axial deformation force on the top (or bottom) of the fragile part. Therefore, the shear exerted in particular by the edges of the washer on the top (or bottom) of the fragile part generates in the same manner localized stresses suitable to initiate break points.

Therefore, the part of the member present in the opening with a shape corresponding to the opening can be interpreted, if the section of the opening is circular, as a solid disc whose outer wall is continuous , that is to say without groove or more generally material discontinuity. The corresponding shape of the part of the member present in the opening thus allows, by elastic and plastic deformation, to generate only a substantially uniform radial stress on a maximized surface of the wall of the part around the opening.

Finally, according to the invention, the piece comprises perforations forming elastic deformation means which are distributed around and away from its opening and which are intended to absorb said radial forces to restore them once the constraint of the tools released. in order to finally secure the assembly in a non-destructive manner for said part.

The assembly according to the invention will be better understood in relation to FIGS. 1 to 8 presenting examples of applications in the field of watchmaking. We can see in fig. 1, a watch exhaust system comprising an anchor 1 and an escape wheel 3 and in FIG. 2, a hairspring 61.

In the case of FIG. 1, the anchor 1 as an example comprises two assemblies 2, 12 according to the invention respectively for securing the stinger 7 and the member, here a pivot axis 17, with its rod 5. As shown in FIG. . 1, each assembly 2,12 has a discoidal portion 4,14 formed in the form of the stinger 7 or the member 17 and cooperating with the rod 5 of the anchor 1. Moreover, each assembly 2,12 comprises cut-outs 6 , 16 made in the rod 5 around an opening 8, 18 and which are intended to form elastic deformation means. It is therefore understood that the assembly 2, 12 is sufficiently strong not to generate relative movements between its components.

The escape wheel 3, and more generally the mobile 3 comprises, for example, an assembly 22 for respectively securing the member, here a pivot axis 27, with the body 25 of the wheel 3. As shown in fig. 1, the assembly 22 comprises a discoidal portion 24 formed in shape with the member 27 and cooperating with the body 25 of the wheel 3. In addition, the assembly 22 comprises cut-outs 26 made in the hub around an opening 28 of the wheel 3 and which are intended to form elastic deformation means.

It is therefore immediately understood that the example of the assembly 22 can be applied to any type of mobile. In addition, the member 27 may comprise, in addition to the portion 24, in one piece a pinion to form the finished mobile.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, it is possible to fix a hairspring 61 on a member, here a balance shaft 67, with the aid of an assembly 62 according to the invention. Cutouts 66 are formed in the hub 63 of the hairspring 61 and a shaped disc portion 64 formed with the member 67 is mounted in the opening 68 of the hub 63, similarly to the explanations above.

Examples of openwork are shown in FIGS. 3 to 8. According to a first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6, the perforations are formed at a distance and around the opening by two series of diamond-shaped holes distributed in staggered rows so as to form distributed V-shaped beams.

Fig. 3 is a representation of the perforations 6, 16, 26, 66 of FIGS. 1 and 2. For simplicity only the references of the wheel 3 are shown in FIG. 3. The latter shows cutouts 26 which, preferably, completely cross the thickness of the body 25 of fragile material. The perforations 26 are distributed at a distance and around the opening 28 formed, preferably, also completely through in the thickness of the body 25 of fragile material.

As shown in FIG. 3, the perforations 26 form a first series of holes 31, furthest from the opening 28, and a second series of holes 33 which are diamond-shaped and distributed in staggered rows. We see in fig. 3 that the perforations 31,33 thus form V-shaped beams 32 which are intersecting with each other.

In a first variant of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the cut-outs 26 'take up the first and second series of holes 31, 33 with, in addition, a third series which, formed of holes 35 in the form of a triangle, is situated between the first two series and the opening 28, c that is to say, the closest to the opening 28. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the third set of holes 35 is staggered with one of the first two sets to form beams 34 distributed in intersecting X's.

In a second variant of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the cut-outs 26 "repeat the cut-outs 26 'of Fig. 4 with, in addition, slots 36 for communicating the third set of holes 35 with the opening 28.

Advantageously according to the invention, the series of holes 31,33 and 35 and the slots 36 are used to form elastic deformation means capable of absorbing radial stresses, that is to say the forces exerted from the center. from the opening 28 to the wall of the body 25 surrounding said circular opening.

Of course, the two or three series may be more or less close to each other and / or different shapes and / or different dimensions depending on the maximum desired deflection and the desired stress to deform the beams 32, 34.

By way of example, an alternative of FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. 6. It can be seen that the cut-outs 26 "are similar to those 26" of FIG. 5, however, the three sets of holes are further spaced from each other. In addition, it is visible that the shapes and dimensions of both holes and slots are different. It is therefore clear that the alternative of FIG. 6 modifies the rigidity of the elastic deformation means in the brittle material.

Preferably, the cut-outs 26, 26 ', 26 ", 26'" extend over a width of between 100 μm and 500 μm from the wall of the body 25 surrounding the opening 28. In addition, the slots 36 are between 15 pm and 40 pm. Finally, preferably, the section of the opening 28 is between 0.5 and 2 mm.

According to a second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, the perforations are formed at a distance and around the opening by a first series of oblong holes distributed in staggered rows with a second series of triangular shaped holes, the second series being the closest to the circular opening, each triangular shaped hole communicating with the opening by a notch to form radially movable beams according to the thickness of the oblong holes.

Thus, FIG. 7 shows cutouts 46 which, preferably, completely cross the thickness of the body 25 of fragile material. The perforations 46 are distributed at a distance and around the opening 28 formed, preferably, also completely through in the thickness of the body 25 of fragile material.

As shown in FIG. 7, the perforations 46 form a first series of oblong holes 51 and a second series of holes 53 of triangular shape. According to the second embodiment, the two sets of holes 51, 53 are distributed in staggered rows.

In addition, each hole 53 of triangular shape communicates with the opening 28 by a notch 57. It can be seen in FIG. 7 that the perforations 46 and form substantially trapezoidal beams 52 which are separated from each other by the notches 57. Note also that each beam 52 is centered on an oblong hole 51 which makes each beam 52 movable radially according to the invention. thickness of an oblong hole 51.

In a variant of the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the openwork 46 'repeat the openwork 46 of FIG. 7 with, in addition, a third series of holes 55 in the form of a triangle. In addition, each hole 55 of the third series is distributed between two holes 53 of triangular shape of the second series and communicates with the opening 28 by a slot 56. The perforations 46 'thus form beams 54 with two independent arms symmetrical and substantially L-shaped which are radially movable according to the thickness of the holes 51 oblong and tangentially according to the thickness of the slots 56 and notches 57.

Of course, as for the first embodiment, the two or three series may be more or less close to each other and / or different shapes and / or different dimensions depending on the desired maximum movement and the stress required to deform the beams 52, 54.

Preferably, the openwork 46, 46 'extend over a width between 100 and 500 pm from the wall of the body 25 surrounding the opening 28. In addition, the slots 56 and notches 57 are included between 15 pm and 40 pm. Finally, preferably, the section of the opening 28 is between 0.5 and 2 mm.

The assembly process will now be explained in connection with the schematic figures 9 to 11. For simplicity, only the references of the wheel 3 are shown in Figs. 9 to 11. According to the invention, a first step consists in forming the part 3 in a fragile material having no plastic domain with an opening 28 and cut-outs 26 distributed around the opening 28 intended to form means for elastic deformation according to, for example, the embodiments explained above. As shown in fig. 9, the opening 28 has a section e-ι and the perforations 26 include in particular holes section e2.

Such a step can be carried out by etching in dry or wet form, such as, for example, a deep reactive ion etching (also known as the English abbreviation "DRIE").

In addition, in a second step, the method consists in forming the member, a pivot axis 27 in the example of FIGS. 9 to 11, in a second material with a main section e3 and a portion 24 to be deformed with a maximum section e4. The portion 24 may have a thickness of between 100 μm and 300 μm. As explained above, the second step can be performed according to the usual processes for producing axes. The member 27 is preferably metallic and may, for example, be formed of steel.

Of course, the first two steps have no consecutivity to respect and can even be performed at the same time.

In a third step, the portion 24 is introduced without contact in the opening 28. This means as visible in FIG. 10 that the section ei of the opening 28 is greater than or equal to the outer section e4 of the portion 24 of the member 27.

Preferably, the difference between the section e-ι of the opening 28 and the outer section e4 of the portion 24 is about 10 μm, that is to say a gap of about 5 μm. which separates the body 25 from the part 3 with respect to the part 24 of the member 27.

In addition, preferably according to the invention, the portion 24 and, incidentally, the member 27, is held in the opening 28 with one of the tools 21 used for the deformation step. Finally, preferably, the tool 21 comprises a recess 29 intended to receive a part of the member 27.

Finally, the method comprises a fourth step of elastically and plastically deforming the portion 24 of the member 27 by bringing the tools 20, 21 in the axial direction A in order to exert a radial stress B uniform against the wall of the the part surrounding the opening 28 by biasing the elastic deformation means of the part 3, that is to say the cut-outs 26.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 11, the pressing of the deformed portion 24 at its upper and lower portions respectively by the tool 20 and 21 in the axial direction A will induce an elastic and plastic deformation of the portion 24 in an exclusively radial manner along the direction B, that is to say towards the body 25.

Preferably according to the invention, the deformation is set so that the clamping is greater than the gap between the undeformed portion 24 and the wall of the body 25 surrounding the opening 28. Preferably, the clamping is between 8 pm and 20 pm.

Therefore, it is intended that the elastic and plastic deformation of the portion 24 exerts the elastic deformation of the body 25 around the opening 28 in order to secure together the member 27 and therefore its deformed part 24, with the body 25 of the wheel 3 as shown in FIG. 11. It should be noted that this embodiment allows in particular an automatic centering of the entire body 27 - body 25. As such, in FIG. 11, it is noted that the perforations 26 comprise a section referenced es and no longer e2.

Advantageously according to the invention, it is possible to secure the member 27 of any side of the body 25 of the wheel 3. Moreover, no axial effort (by definition likely to be destructive) is applied to the body 25 of the wheel 3 during the process. Only a radial elastic deformation is applied to the body 25. It should also be noted that, preferably, the use of the portion 24 allows, during the radial deformation B of the portion 24, to exert a uniform stress on a surface maximized the wall of the body 25 around the opening 28 to prevent any beginning of breakage of the wheel 3 of fragile material and adapt to the manufacturing dispersions of the various elements.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is susceptible of various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art. In particular, the perforations of the piece of fragile material may comprise more or less series of holes than the embodiments presented above. In addition, the presented embodiments are capable of being combined with one another according to the intended applications.

The portion 24 may also include a different geometry to optimize or "program" the deformation to the body 25. It may be, for example, considered to minimize or locally increase the thickness of the portion 24 to favor one direction of deformation with respect to the other in the direction B. For example, it is thus possible to make a conical recess and coaxial with the member 27 to facilitate the radial orientation B but also to make the progressive induced stress.

Figs. 1 and 2 have applications for an exhaust system such as the anchor 1 and the escape wheel 3 or a spiral 61 of a watch movement. Of course, the present assembly 2, 12, 22, 62 can be applied to other elements. One can, in a non-exhaustive way, consider forming a pendulum, a bridge or more generally a mobile with an assembly 2, 12, 22, 62 as explained above.

It is also possible to use the assembly 2, 12, 22, 62 to replace the elastic deformation means 48 or cylinders 63, 66 of the document WO 2009/115 463 (which is incorporated by reference herein). description) in order to fix a monobloc balance-spring type resonator on a pivot axis.

Of course, two parts as described above can also be secured on the same axis with two separate assemblies 2,12, 22, 62 to secure their respective movement. It is then understood that the same axis will be formed with two parts 4, 14, 24, 64 intended to be deformed.

Finally, the assembly 2, 12, 22, 62 according to the invention can also allow the joining of any type of watchmaking member or not whose body is formed of a fragile material having no plastic field ( silicon, quartz, etc.) with an axis such as, for example, a resonator of the tuning fork type or more generally a MEMS (acronym from the English term "Micro-Electro-Mechanical System").

Claims (24)

claims 1. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) of a member (7, 17, 27, 67) of a first material extending axially into the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) of a part (1, 3, 61) in a second fragile material, having no plastic field, characterized in that the piece (1, 3, 61) comprises cutouts (6, 16, 26, 26 ', 26 ", 26 46, 46 ', 66) for forming elastic deformation means distributed around its opening (8, 18, 28, 68) and in that said member (7, 17, 27, 67) comprises a portion (4, 14, 24, 64) elastically and plastically deformed which radia-lement (B) a wall of said part surrounding the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) by biasing said elastic deformation means to secure the assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) non-destructively for said workpiece. 2. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that an outer wall of the portion (4, 14, 24, 64) deformed is substantially of corresponding shape to the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) of the workpiece (1,3, 61) in order to exert a substantially uniform radial stress (B) on the wall of the workpiece (1,3, 61) surrounding said opening. 3. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) of the part (1, 3, 61) has a section of circular shape. 4. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) of the part (1,3, 61) is asymmetrical in order to avoid relative displacements between the elements of said assembly. 5. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforations (6, 16, 26, 26 ', 26 ", 26'", 66) are formed remotely and around the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) by two first series of diamond-shaped holes (31, 33) distributed in staggered form to form beams (32) distributed in a V-shape intersecting. 6. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the perforations (26 ', 26 ", 26'") comprise, between the first two series (31,33) and the opening (8, 18, 28, 68), a third series which is formed of holes (35) in the form of a triangle and distributed in staggered with one (33) of the first two series to form beams (34) distributed in shape of X secants. 7. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the part (1,3, 61) has slots (36) for communicating the third series of holes (35) with the opening (8, 18, 28, 68). 8. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the perforations (46, 46 ') are formed at a distance and around the opening (8, 18, 28 , 68) by a first series of oblong holes (51) distributed in staggered rows with a second series of triangular holes (53), the second series (53) being closest to the opening (8, 18, 28, 68), each hole (53) of triangular shape communicating with the opening (8, 18, 28) by a notch (57) to form beams (52) movable radially according to the thickness of the oblong holes (51). 9. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the perforations (46 ') comprise a third series of holes (55) in the form of a triangle, each hole (55) of the third series. being distributed between two holes (53) of triangular shape of the second series and communicating with the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) by a slot (56) to form beams (54) with two independent arms radially movable according to the thickness of the oblong holes (51) and tangentially according to the thickness of the slots (56). 10. Assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the series of holes (31, 33, 35, 51, 53, 55) extend over a width between 100 μm and 500 μm from the wall of the part (1, 3, 61) surrounding the opening (8, 18, 28, 68). 11. Timepiece characterized in that it comprises at least one assembly (2, 12, 22, 62) according to one of claims 1 to 10. 12. A method of assembling a member (7, 17, 27, 67) of a first material in a part (1.3, 61) of a second fragile material, not comprising a plastic field, said method comprising the following steps: a) forming the part (1,3, 61) with an opening (8, 18, 28, 68) and cut-outs (6, 16, 26, 26 ', 26 ", 26'", 46, 46 ', 66) distributed around the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) for forming elastic deformation means; b) forming the member into said second material; c) introducing without constraint, in the opening (8, 18, 28, 68), a portion (4, 14, 24, 64) of said member; d) elastically and plastically deforming the portion (4, 14, 24, 64) of said member in the opening by bringing two tools (20, 21) closer together so as to exert a radial stress (B) against the wall of the part ( 1.3, 61) surrounding the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) by biasing said means of elastic deformation of the part (1, 3, 61) to secure the assembly (2, 12, 22, 62 ) non-destructively for said workpiece. 13. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the outer wall of the portion (4, 14, 24, 64) of said member in the opening is substantially of corresponding shape to the opening (8, 18, 28, 68 ) of the workpiece (1,3, 61) in order to exert a substantially uniform radial stress (B) on the wall of the workpiece (1,3, 61) surrounding the opening (4, 14, 24, 64). 14. The method of claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) of the part (1, 3, 61) has a circular section. 15. The method of claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) of the part (1, 3, 61) is asymmetrical in order to avoid relative displacements between the elements of said assembly. . 16. The method of assembly according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that, in step d), the deformation exerts a clamping between 8 pm and 20 pm. 17. The method of assembly according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that, during steps c) and d), the portion (4, 14, 24, 64) of the member (7, 17, 27, 67) in the opening is held in the opening (8, 18, 28, 68) with one of the two tools (20, 21). 18. The assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the second material is formed based on silicon. 19. The assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the first material is formed based on metal or metal alloy. 20. The assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that the piece is a mobile (3) clock. 21. The assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that the piece is an anchor (1) clock. 22. The assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that the piece is a spiral (61) clock. 23. Assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that the part is a resonator. 24. The assembly method according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that the piece is a MEMS.