CH649243A5 - Machine tool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to cutting machine tools with automatic pallet change according to claim 1.

The present invention can be most effectively applied in the machining machine tools with automated pallet change, which are equipped with numerical control and are intended for processing housings and other parts of arbitrary shape.

A cutting machine tool with automated pallet change is known, which contains a frame on which a slide is arranged displaceably in the horizontal plane along one of the coordinate axes. The machine tool also contains a work table which is movably mounted in the horizontal plane along another axis which is perpendicular to the first coordinate axis. The work table is equipped with transport guides for moving pallets with workpieces attached to them.

In addition, the machine tool includes a device for automatic pallet change on the work table when it is set in the pallet change position, which device contains a fixed base and a rotatable platform with two stations mounted thereon, in each of which transport guides for attaching and moving pallets on them attached blanks are available.

A device for moving the pallet from the corresponding station onto the work table and back is provided on the rotatable platform in each of the stations.

After completion of the processing, the pallet with the workpiece to be processed is moved with the aid of its displacement device into the free station of the rotating platform of the device for automatic pallet change, which is in such a position that its transport guides coincide with the transport guides of the work table.

Then, with the help of a rotating mechanism mounted on the fixed substructure, the rotating platform of the device for automatic pallet change is rotated by a required angle (180 degrees with two stations) and so that with the transport guides of the work table, the transport guides of the other station of the platform for automatic pallet change in which the pallet with the new blank is located. The pallet with the new blank is then moved onto the work table with the help of its sliding device, where it is fixed and clamped so that a next processing cycle is possible.

Devices of a similar type are used in many known machine tools.

In the described devices for automatic pallet change, in addition to the fixed substructure, there is a rigid and heavy rotating platform which can carry two or more pallets with blanks, a rotating mechanism of the platform and long-stroke devices for moving the pallets from the station of the rotating platform of the automatic device Pallet change on the work table and back. To carry out the pallet change, three movements are required: moving the pallet with the machined workpiece to one of the stations of the device mentioned, rotating the platform and moving the new pallet to the work table.

The presence of several of the above-mentioned shifts extends the time for changing the pallet.

In addition, because of the two stations on the rotating platform of the automatic pallet changing device, one of the outer dimensions of the machine tool is increased by more than twice the length of the pallet.

The present invention has for its object to provide a machine tool with such a constructive design of the device for automatic pallet change and the transport guides, which would ensure a minimum number of movements when changing the pallet and would reduce the external dimensions of the machine tool.

The object is achieved by means of a metal-cutting machine tool with automatic pallet change, which has a frame with a slide which is displaceably arranged on it in the horizontal plane along one of the coordinate axes, one on the slide with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane along another the first vertical, coordinate axis mounted work table, the transport guides for displacement

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who has pallets with workpieces fastened to them to be machined, and contains a device for automatic pallet change on the work table and in the case of the device for automatic pallet change according to the invention a fixed substructure with transport guides rigidly attached to this, a pallet displacement device mounted on the fixed substructure and at least one on Carriage attached to the carriage with transport guides for pallet displacement, the transport guides of the work table, the substructure and the console support being designed in such a way that when the work table is placed in the pallet changing position, these guides form a uniform, closed contour from the guides mentioned, by means of which the guides are used Device to move the pallets from the automatic pallet changing device to the work table and back.

Thanks to the displacement of the pallets over the closed contour consisting of the guides, which form a circle, an oval, an ellipse, a square with rounded corners and the like. can represent the shifting of the pallets from the loading device to the work table and back with a minimum number of movements.

In addition, the above-mentioned design of the device for automatic pallet changing offers the possibility of reducing the external dimensions of the machine tool.

The greatest simplification of the device for automatic pallet change is achieved when the closed contour of the guides represents a circle; the transport guides of the work table, the substructure and the bracket support can be designed in the form of arcs in a circle.

The pallet displacement device is expediently designed in the form of a pivoting lever, in which the number of its arms equals the total number of pallets attached to the work table and the device for automatic pallet change and that on the fixed base with the possibility of its arms interacting with the pallets for the displacement the latter is mounted on the work table and back by the device for automatic pallet change.

Such a constructive design enables the displacement of all attached pallets from one and the same drive mechanism.

In the following the present invention is explained by a detailed description of a concrete embodiment of the same with reference to the attached drawings, in which it shows:

Figure 1 shows the cutting machine tool according to the invention in a schematic representation, front view.

Fig. 2 the same, plan view;

Fig. 3 is a section along line III-III of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a section along line IV-IV of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 shows a variant of the cutting machine tool according to the invention with a multiple device for automatic pallet change, plan view.

The cutting machine tool proposed according to the invention contains a frame 1 (FIG. 1) which has guides 2 on which a slide 3 is arranged so as to be displaceable in the horizontal plane along one of the coordinate axes X. The carriage 3 also has guides 4 on which a work table 5 (FIG. 1) of the machine tool is mounted with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane along another coordinate axis Y (FIG. 2), which runs perpendicular to the coordinate axis X.

A device 6 for fixing and clamping pallets is rigidly fastened on the work table 5, which is not dealt with in the present description, because any device suitable for this purpose can be used. On the upper surface of this device 6 there are two transport guides 7 and 8 for attaching and moving pallets thereon, namely a pallet 9 and a pallet 10 respectively, the guide 7 being flat and the guide 8 being V-shaped.

The guide 7 only takes the load off the pallets with the blank located on them, while the guide 8 also orientates the position of the pallets during their transport from the device for automatic pallet change to the work table and back. The pallets 9 and 10 are provided with roller supports on which they can move via the guides 7 and 8, the support comprising the guide 8 being designed such that it hinders a radial displacement of the pallets 9 and 10 relative to the guide 8. The construction of the supports is not shown in the drawing, since it has no influence on the essence of the invention.

The guides 7 and 8 can be cushioned in the vertical direction if a certain displacement of the pallet on the work table 5 towards the surface of the device 6 is required to clamp the pallet.

The movement of the work table 5 along the axis X takes place with the aid of a motor 11, which is kinematically connected to the work table 5 via a screw mechanism 12 (FIG. 3).

The movement of the work table 5 along the axis Y together with the slide 3 is carried out by a motor 13 which is kinematically connected to the slide 3 via a screw mechanism 14 (not shown in the figure).

With the frame 1, a column 15 (Fig. 1) is rigidly connected to guides 16, on which along a Z axis a slide 17 is vertically slidably mounted, on which a headstock 18 is attached, which carries a spindle 19, which in this Example of the specific design of the machine tool is arranged vertically, but can also be arranged horizontally.

The spindle 19 is set in rotation by an electric motor 20 of the main movement.

The displacement of the headstock 18 along the axis Z is carried out by a motor 21 which is kinematically connected to the slide 17 of the headstock 18 via a screw mechanism 22.

The machine tool also has a device 23 for automatic pallet change on the work table 5 which, according to the invention, contains a fixed substructure 24 which is rigidly connected to the frame 1 and whose upper part constitutes a plate 25. On the plate 25 two transport guides 7a and 8a are rigidly attached. The guide 7a is flat and the guide 8a is V-shaped.

The guides 7a and 8a correspondingly have the same profiles and radius as the guides 7 and 8 of the device 6 installed on the work table 5.

The device 23 also contains a pallet displacement device mounted on the fixed substructure 24 and bracket supports 26 and 27 fastened to the slide 3, on the upper surfaces of which there are transport guides 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c.

The guides 7b and 8b are mounted on the bracket support 26 and the guides 7c and 8c on the bracket support 27.

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Here, the transport guides 7 and 8 of the work table 6, the guides 7a and 8a of the fixed substructure 24 and the guides 7b, 7c and 8b, 8c of the bracket supports 26 and 27 are designed such that when the work table 5 is set into the pallet changing position, they are all uniform form closed contours from the guides 7, 7a, 7b and 7c and 8, 8a, 8b and 8c, on which the pallets are moved by the device 23 for automatic pallet change onto the work table 5 and back with the aid of the said pallet shifting device.

The transport guides 7 and 8 of the work table 5, the 7a and 8a of the fixed substructure 24, the 7b and 8b of the bracket support 26 and the 7c and 8c of the bracket support 27 are designed in the form of arcs of a circle.

The pallet displacement device is designed in the form of a pivot lever 28 with arms 29 and 30, which interact with the pallet 9 and 10 via respective stops 29a, 29b and 30a, 30b. Here, the number of arms of the pivot lever 28 is equal to the total number of pallets attached to the work table 5.

The pivot lever 28 (FIG. 4) is connected via a coupling 31, a shaft 32, gears 33, 34 and 35, gears 37 and 38 (FIG. 3) to a motor 39 for pivoting the lever 28.

A plurality of pallets, in the present concrete example four pallets 40, 41, 42 and 43, are attached to the device 23 for automatic plate changing of the machine tool shown in FIG. 5. The lever 44 in this case has four arms 45, 46, 47 and 48, which with their respective stops 45a and 45b, 46a and 46b, 47a and 47b, 48a and 48b with the pallet 40 mounted on the work table 5 and on one Plate 49 attached pallets 41,42 and 43 are coupled. So that there is space for three pallets on the device 23, a corresponding projection on the plate 49 is provided instead of the bracket support 27 (FIG. 2).

This version of the device 23 is expediently to be used in an automatic machine tool which is intended for long-term operation without constant presence of the machine operator.

The stations in which the pallet 10 is placed on the plate 25 (Fig. 2) or the pallets 41, 42 and 43 (Fig. 5) on the plate 49 of the device 23 are made by any known method, for example by means of Spring and controllable locks fixed.

The guides 2 of the frame 1 are covered on both sides of the slide 3 by protective devices 50 (FIG. I) and 51, the protective device 51 being arranged under the plate 25 in such a way that it does not hinder the displacement of the pallets.

The guides 4 of the carriage 3 are covered on both sides of the work table 5 by protective devices 52 (FIG. 2) and 53.

The machine tool is provided with a numerical control device, on the commands of which all work and auxiliary movements of the mechanisms of the machine tool are accomplished.

The mode of operation of the cutting machine tool according to the invention is illustrated to the fullest by FIGS. 1, 2 and.

During the work of the machine tool, the pallet 9 with a blank to be machined is located on the work table 5. Here, the work table 5 can perform any coordinate movements along the X axis and along the Y axis together with the slide 3 and the bracket supports 26 and 27.

The pallet 10 is meanwhile in the fixed position on the plate 25, wherein it is coupled to the stops 30a and 30b of the arm 30 of the pivot lever 28. In this position, the machined workpiece is removed from the pallet 10 and a new blank is applied to it, this being done simultaneously with the machining of the blank which is fastened on the pallet 9 located on the work table 5.

The device 23 is arranged with respect to the work table 5 of the machine tool in such a way that the station of the work table 5 is in the end positions of the same 5 on the axes X and Y when the pallet is changed. Therefore, the arm 29 of the pivot lever 28 does not hinder any possible coordinate movements of the work table 5.

After the processing of the blank on the pallet 9 has ended, the work table 5 is moved into the pallet changing position in accordance with the program of the numerical control device. Here, the transport guides of the work table 5 and the fixed plate 25 form uniform, equidistant closed contours (in the given specific example - concentric circles), while the pallet 9 is coupled to the stops 29a and 29b of the arm 29 of the pivot lever 28.

The transport guides 7 of the work table 5, the guides 7a of the plate 25, the guides 7b of the console support 26 and the guides 7c of the console support 27 as well as the transport guides 8 of the work table 5, the guides 8a of the plate 25, the guides 8b of the console support 26 and the guides 8c of the bracket support 27 have a uniform closed contour made of the said guides. Furthermore, at the command of the control device, the pallet 9 is pressed on the work table 5, the pallets 9 and 10 are unlocked if the fixing devices are designed as controlled mechanisms, and the lever 28 is pivoted by 180 degrees, at the same time as the pallet 9 on the resulting uniform closed contours of the transport guides 7, 7a, 7b, 7c and 8, 8a, 8b, 8c moved to the plate 25 of the device 23 and fixed there, but the pallet 10 is moved to the work table 5, where it is Execution of a subsequent work cycle is fixed and clamped.

If the device 23 (FIG. 5) has three loading stations on the plate 49, the swivel angle is 360

of the lever 44 90 ° or degrees, where n is the number of n + 1

Stations means and must be somewhat larger than the total angle of the transport guides 7 and 7b, 8 and 8b on the work table and the bracket support 26.

The preferred variant of the invention described above is given as an example and does not limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications and variations of the invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, which are defined by the claims below.

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3 sheets of drawings

Claims (3)

649243 PATENT CLAIMS 1. Cutting machine tool with automatic pallet change, which has a frame with a slide which is displaceably arranged on it in the horizontal plane along one of the coordinate axes, one on the slide with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane along another, perpendicular to the first, Coordinate axis mounted work table, which has transport guides for moving the pallets with workpieces fastened to them, and a device for automatic pallet change on the work table, characterized in that the device (25) for automatic pallet change includes a fixed substructure (24) this rigidly attached transport guides (7a and 8a), a pallet displacement device mounted on the fixed substructure (24) and at least one bracket support (26 and 27) attached to the slide (3) with transport guides (7b and 8b, 7c and 8c) for pallet displacement, wherein d he transport guides (7 and 8, 7a and 8a, 7b and 8b, 7c and 8c) of the work table (5), the substructure (24) and the bracket support (26 and 27) are designed such that when the work table (5) is set In the pallet changing position, these guides (7 and 8, 7a and 8a, 7b and 8b, 7c and 8c) form a uniform, closed contour from the guides mentioned, via which the pallets (9 and 10) can be removed from the device ( 23) can be moved to the work table (5) and back for automatic pallet change. 2. Machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport guides (7 and 8,7a and 8a, 7b and 8b, 7c and 8c) of the work table (5), the substructure (24) and the bracket support (26 and 27) as Arcs of a circle are executed. 3. Machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the pallet displacement device is designed in the form of a pivot lever (28) in which the number of its arms (29 and 30) the total number of on the work table (5) and the device (23) for automatic pallet changing the attached pallets (9 and 10) is the same and that on the fixed base (24) with the possibility of interaction of his arms (29 and 30) with the pallets (9 and 10) for their displacement from the device (23) to automatic pallet change is mounted on the work table (5) and back.