CH527379A - Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways - Google Patents
Device on slide bearings to relieve the slidewaysInfo
- Publication number
- CH527379A CH527379A CH188071A CH188071A CH527379A CH 527379 A CH527379 A CH 527379A CH 188071 A CH188071 A CH 188071A CH 188071 A CH188071 A CH 188071A CH 527379 A CH527379 A CH 527379A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- slideways
- relieve
- slide bearings
- slide
- guide
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
- F16C29/02—Sliding-contact bearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
- B23Q1/262—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members with means to adjust the distance between the relatively slidable members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0423—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
- F16C32/0427—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for axial load mainly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0423—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
- F16C32/0434—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for parts moving linearly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C39/00—Relieving load on bearings
- F16C39/06—Relieving load on bearings using magnetic means
- F16C39/063—Permanent magnets
- F16C39/066—Permanent magnets with opposing permanent magnets repelling each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/39—General buildup of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2370/00—Apparatus relating to physics, e.g. instruments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Description
Einrichtung an Gleitlager zur Entlastung der Gleitbahnen
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung an Gleitlager zur Entlastung der Oleitbahnen, wie sie z. B. im Präzisons-Werkzeugmaschinenbau und besonders auch bei Messinstrumenten vorkommen; sie umfasst sowohl Gleitbahnen für Geradführungen als auch solche für Rundführungen.
Es ist eine solche Einrichtung zur Entlastung der Gleitbahnen eines Schlittens für Werkzeugmaschinen bekanntgeworden, bei der die Entlastung durch höhenverstellbare Wälzrolien geschieht, diese Wählzrollen über je einen federbelasteten Hebel verstellbar sind und durch Hydraulikkolben beeinflusst werden. Ausser der relativ komplizierten Mechanik muss jedoch auch Drucköl für die Hydraulik auf den beweglichen Teil zugeführt werden, was ausser der Gefahr von Vibrationen eine weitere Komplikation bedeutet.
Weiter ist eine Entlastungsvorrichtung einer Führungsbahn für einen verschiebbaren Schlitten bekannt geworden, die eine Tragbahn enthält und sich der Schlitten darauf im wesentlichen abstützt; dabei ist die Verbindung zwischen Führungsbahn und Tragbahn durch eine Dreikugelauflage oder einen einzelnen Dorn so ausgestaltet, dass keine Biegemomente zwischen den beiden genannten Bahnen übertragen werden um dadurch höchste Präzision in der Geradführung zu erhalten.
Durch die Anordnung einer besonderen Tragbahn mit darauf langeordneten Abstützmechanismen und der biegemomentfreien Verbindung zwischen den beiden Elementen ist jedoch eine erhebliche Komplikation in Kauf zu nehmen, die nicht nur kostenanteilig ins Gewicht fällt, sondern auch Anforderungen an die Wartung stellt.
Dann ist auch eine Führungsvorrichtung bekannt geworden mit einer IFührung, bei der ein Gaskissen zwischen den einander zugekehrten und zusammenwirkenden Führungsflächen aufrechterhalten wird, wobei zu Vorspannung der Führung und deshalb auch des Gaskissens Magnete durch ihre anziehende Wirkung auf einander angeordnet sind. Durch Einsatz von Elektromagneten wird in diesem Fall über die gemessene Stärke des Gaskissens zwischen den Führungsflächen und An- derung des Erregerstromes ein Regelmechanismus erhalten. Bei dieser Vorrichtung ist eine ständige Druckgaszufuhr mit all ihren nicht kleinen Kosten und Komplikationen der Dichtungen notwendig; auch ist bei Ausführung mit Elektromagneten eine Stromzufuhr mit der daraus resultierenden Erwärmung zusätzlich notwendig.
Die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung bezweckt, die erwähnten Nachteile zu beheben und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Idie Entlastung mittels mindestens zweier permanenter und einander gegenüberliegender abstossender Magnete erfolgt.
Dadurch wird diese Einrichtung z. B. sowohl geräuschfrei, braucht keine Wartung und benötigt zudem keine Energiezufuhr irgendwelcher Art. Darüber hinaus entstehen bei dieser Einrichtung auch keine Vibrationen, die z. B. im Falle von Messinstrumenten die Messungen stören würden.
Die Erfindung ist beispielsweise einer Zeichnung mit 3 Figuren dargestellt, wobei
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Gleitbahn für eine Längsführung zeigt,
Fig. 2 den Querschnitt II-II der Fig. 1 zeigt,
Fig. 3 den Axialschnitt durch eine Gleitbahn für eine Rundführung zeigt.
In einem Bett 1 einer Längsführung (Fig. 1 und 2 sind permanente Magnetstäbe 2 befestigt. Auf dem Bett 1 gleitet ein Schlitten 3 in entsprechenden -Gleitbahnen hin und her. Im Schlitten 3 sind die beiden Magnetstäbe 2 als abstossende permanente Magnetstäbe 4 ausgeführt und höhenverstellbar angeordnet. Zur Höhenverstellung dieser beiden Magnetstäbe 4 und damit zur Feineinstel- lung des Luftspaltes a zwischen den beiden sich abstossenden Magnetstäben dienen Schrauben 5. Die magnetische Abstossung P2 beträgt entsprechend dem Cou lomb'schen Gesetz
EMI2.1
worin k2 = Faktor Polstärke der Magnete 2 mg =Polstärke der Magnete 4 a = Grösse des Luftspaltes bedeuten.
Damit kann die Entlastung des Schlittens 3 von den Gleitbahnen genau dosiert werden.
In einem Bett 10 einer Rundführung (Fig. 3) ist ein Rundtisch 11 mittels zweier Kugellager 12 und 13 gelagert. Am Bett 10 ist ein Ring 14 angebracht und mittels eines Gewindes 15 vertikal feineinstellbar. Im Ring 14 ist ein permanenter Ringmagnet 16 befestigt. Ein analoger Ringmagnet 17 der den Ringmagnet 16 abstösst ist im Rundtisch 11 befestigt.
Die Abstosskraft P3 ist mit teils des Luftspaltes lb einstellbar und entlastet den Rundtisch bzw. die Gleitbahnen der Kugellager 12 und 13 Die Berechnung der Abstosskraft P8 leitet sich aus der analogen Formel wie oben ab:
EMI2.2
Worin ks = Faktor = =Polstärke des Magneten 16 m17 =Polstärke des Magneten 17 b Grösse des Luftspaltes
Die permanentmagnetische Abstossung erfordert we der Leitungs -noch- Energiezuführungen, arbeitet lärmund vibrationsfrei und erfordert auch keine Wartung.
Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways
The invention relates to a device on sliding bearings to relieve the Oleitbahnen, as they are such. B. occur in precision machine tool construction and especially in measuring instruments; it includes slideways for straight guides as well as those for circular guides.
Such a device for relieving the load on the slides of a slide for machine tools has become known, in which the relief takes place by means of height-adjustable rolling rollers, these dial rollers can be adjusted via a spring-loaded lever and are influenced by hydraulic pistons. In addition to the relatively complicated mechanics, however, pressure oil for the hydraulics must also be fed to the moving part, which, in addition to the risk of vibrations, means a further complication.
Furthermore, a relief device for a guideway for a displaceable slide has become known which contains a support path and the slide is essentially supported thereon; The connection between the guide track and the support track is designed using a three-ball support or a single mandrel so that no bending moments are transmitted between the two mentioned tracks, thereby achieving maximum precision in the straight line.
Due to the arrangement of a special supporting track with long-term support mechanisms and the bending moment-free connection between the two elements, however, a considerable complication has to be accepted, which is not only significant in terms of costs, but also places demands on maintenance.
Then a guide device has also become known with an I-guide in which a gas cushion is maintained between the mutually facing and interacting guide surfaces, magnets being arranged to bias the guide and therefore also the gas cushion by their attractive effect. In this case, by using electromagnets, a regulating mechanism is obtained via the measured thickness of the gas cushion between the guide surfaces and changing the excitation current. In this device, a constant supply of pressurized gas is necessary with all of its considerable costs and complications of the seals; a power supply with the resulting heating is also necessary for the version with electromagnets.
The purpose of the device according to the invention is to remedy the disadvantages mentioned and is characterized in that the load is relieved by means of at least two permanent and mutually opposing repelling magnets.
This means that this facility z. B. both noise-free, does not need maintenance and also does not require any kind of energy supply. In addition, this device also does not generate any vibrations which, for. B. in the case of measuring instruments would interfere with the measurements.
The invention is illustrated, for example, in a drawing with 3 figures, wherein
Fig. 1 shows a side view of a slide for a longitudinal guide,
Fig. 2 shows the cross-section II-II of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 shows the axial section through a slide for a circular guide.
Permanent magnetic bars 2 are fixed in a bed 1 of a longitudinal guide (FIGS. 1 and 2). A carriage 3 slides back and forth in corresponding sliding tracks on the bed 1. In the carriage 3, the two magnetic bars 2 are designed as repelling permanent magnetic bars 4 and are height adjustable Screws 5 are used to adjust the height of these two magnet rods 4 and thus to fine-tune the air gap a between the two magnet rods that repel each other. The magnetic repulsion P2 is according to Coulomb's law
EMI2.1
where k2 = factor pole strength of magnets 2 mg = pole strength of magnets 4 mean a = size of the air gap.
In this way, the relief of the slide 3 from the slideways can be precisely dosed.
In a bed 10 of a circular guide (FIG. 3), a rotary table 11 is mounted by means of two ball bearings 12 and 13. A ring 14 is attached to the bed 10 and can be finely adjusted vertically by means of a thread 15. A permanent ring magnet 16 is fastened in the ring 14. An analog ring magnet 17 which repels the ring magnet 16 is fastened in the rotary table 11.
The repulsion force P3 can be adjusted with part of the air gap lb and relieves the load on the rotary table or the slideways of the ball bearings 12 and 13. The calculation of the repulsion force P8 is derived from the analogous formula as above:
EMI2.2
Where ks = factor = = pole strength of magnet 16 m17 = pole strength of magnet 17 b size of the air gap
The permanent magnetic repulsion requires neither the cable nor the energy supply, works free of noise and vibration and does not require any maintenance.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH188071A CH527379A (en) | 1971-02-10 | 1971-02-10 | Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH188071A CH527379A (en) | 1971-02-10 | 1971-02-10 | Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH527379A true CH527379A (en) | 1972-08-31 |
Family
ID=4220737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH188071A CH527379A (en) | 1971-02-10 | 1971-02-10 | Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH527379A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3004591A1 (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-08-13 | Hellmut Dipl Ing Mueller | Boom system for radial drilling machine - has magnet or compressed air drive for raising boom to reduce pressure on casing guide |
EP0266991A2 (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1988-05-11 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Magnetic preload for motor shaft bearing |
WO2006074069A2 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-13 | Rozlev Corp., Llc | A bearing assembly having mechanical bearings and using attractive magnetic forces to relieve the load on the mechanical bearings |
DE102005024004A1 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Schaeffler Kg | Rotary bearing device, in particular for a rotatable rotary table of a machine tool |
US7327060B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2008-02-05 | Rozlev Corp., Llc | Bearing assembly having a mechanical component and using attractive magnetic forces |
DE102006053041A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Schaeffler Kg | Storage arrangement, in particular for a machine tool |
CN101649866A (en) * | 2008-08-16 | 2010-02-17 | 谢夫勒两合公司 | Bearing assembly for machine table with magnetic load relieving mechanism |
FR2971826A1 (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-24 | Atmostat | ROTATING DEVICE IN PARTICULAR FOR INERTIAL WHEEL |
DE102013210694A1 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-11 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotary table bearings |
CN114352637A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 大连理工大学 | Device for intelligently controlling positive pressure acting on guide rail surface by adopting electromagnetic force |
-
1971
- 1971-02-10 CH CH188071A patent/CH527379A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3004591A1 (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-08-13 | Hellmut Dipl Ing Mueller | Boom system for radial drilling machine - has magnet or compressed air drive for raising boom to reduce pressure on casing guide |
EP0266991A2 (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1988-05-11 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Magnetic preload for motor shaft bearing |
EP0266991A3 (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1989-05-03 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Magnetic preload for motor shaft bearing |
US7466052B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2008-12-16 | Rozlev Corp., Llc | Bearing assembly having a mechanical component and using attractive magnetic forces |
WO2006074069A2 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-13 | Rozlev Corp., Llc | A bearing assembly having mechanical bearings and using attractive magnetic forces to relieve the load on the mechanical bearings |
WO2006074069A3 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2007-06-21 | Rozlev Corp Llc | A bearing assembly having mechanical bearings and using attractive magnetic forces to relieve the load on the mechanical bearings |
US7327060B2 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2008-02-05 | Rozlev Corp., Llc | Bearing assembly having a mechanical component and using attractive magnetic forces |
DE102005024004A1 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Schaeffler Kg | Rotary bearing device, in particular for a rotatable rotary table of a machine tool |
DE102006053041A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Schaeffler Kg | Storage arrangement, in particular for a machine tool |
WO2008055917A3 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2009-01-22 | Schaeffler Kg | Bearing arrangement in particular for a machine tool |
CN101649866A (en) * | 2008-08-16 | 2010-02-17 | 谢夫勒两合公司 | Bearing assembly for machine table with magnetic load relieving mechanism |
EP2157328A3 (en) * | 2008-08-16 | 2010-05-12 | Schaeffler KG | Bearing assembly for a machine table with magnetic load relieving |
FR2971826A1 (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-24 | Atmostat | ROTATING DEVICE IN PARTICULAR FOR INERTIAL WHEEL |
EP2492528A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-29 | Atmostat | Rotary device with a thrust rolling bearing and magnetic suspension means to relief the thrust load on the rolling bearing in particular for a flywheel |
DE102013210694A1 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-11 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotary table bearings |
CN114352637A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 大连理工大学 | Device for intelligently controlling positive pressure acting on guide rail surface by adopting electromagnetic force |
CN114352637B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-12-20 | 大连理工大学 | Device for intelligently controlling positive pressure acting on guide rail surface by adopting electromagnetic force |
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Legal Events
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PL | Patent ceased |