CH420600A - Process for the production of preferably voluminous mats for technical purposes - Google Patents
Process for the production of preferably voluminous mats for technical purposesInfo
- Publication number
- CH420600A CH420600A CH640663A CH640663A CH420600A CH 420600 A CH420600 A CH 420600A CH 640663 A CH640663 A CH 640663A CH 640663 A CH640663 A CH 640663A CH 420600 A CH420600 A CH 420600A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- plasticizable
- mats
- sub
- production
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/551—Resins thereof not provided for in groups D04H1/544 - D04H1/55
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
- D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/552—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving by applying solvents or auxiliary agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/68—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions the bonding agent being applied in the form of foam
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von vorzugsweise voluminösen Matten für technische Zwecke Es ist bekannt, voluminöse Faservlies-Matten durch Imprägnieren eines gekrempelten Faservlieses mit einer Lösung oder Dispersion eines Bindemittels in einem die Faser nicht anquellenden Lösungsmittel herzustellen.
Ferner ist bekannt, voluminöse Faservlies-Matten durch ein- oder beidseitiges Besprühen eines Faser vlieses zu erzeugen. Dieses Verfahren hat den Nach teil, dass hierfür a) nur sehr lockere Vliese verwendet werden kön nen, z. B. aus grobtitrigen Fasern, b) eine gleichmässige Durchdringung des Vlieses mit dem Bindemittel nicht Gewährleistet ist.
Weiterhin ist bekannt, Faservlies-Matten durch Verwendung von plastifizierbaren Fasern herzustel len. Zu diesem Zweck werden diese Fasern zur Er niedrigung ihres Erweichungspunktes mit spezifi schen Weichmachern geschmälzt, gekrempelt und in einem Wärmekanal der Einwirkung von höheren Temperaturen ausgesetzt. Die Menge des Weichma chers ist in diesem Falle so zu dosieren, dass nach der Verfestigung die Faserstruktur der Vliesmatte erhal ten bleibt.
Dieses Verfahren ist für verhältnismässig wenige Fasern anwendbar; ebenso ist ein Zusatz von gegen das Plastifizierungsmittel inerter Fasern nur in einem sehr beschränkten Umfang möglich (ca. 20 %), da sonst ein merklicher Abfall der mechanischen Festigkeit der daraus gefertigten Matten zu verzeich nen ist.
Die mangelnde Möglichkeit eines beliebigen Zu satzes einer beliebigen Faser macht sich insofern un angenehm bemerkbar, als dadurch die Möglichkeit genommen wird, den Vliesmatten bestimmte Eigen schaften zu verleihen, wie z. B. Hydrophobizität, Schwerentflammbarkeit, erhöhte Sprungelastizität etc. Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man die obigen Nachteile beseitigen kann.
Das entsprechende Ver fahren zur Herstellung von vorzugsweise voluminö sen Matten für technische Zwecke aus einem losen Gemisch von überwiegend nicht plastifizierbaren Fasern und einem geringeren Anteil plastifizierbarer Fasern ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das Fasergemisch mit einem solchen Überschuss eines Weichmachers schmälzt, bei dem die Struktur der plastifizierbaren Fasern bei einer nachfolgenden Hit zebehandlung vollkommen zerstört wird, anschlies- send krempelt und dann einer Temperatur von ca.
120 C aussetzt.
Wenn man also dieses Fasergemisch mit Weich macher behandelt, dann erhält man eine Schmälze. Diese Schmälze besitzt genügend Bindekraft, um in verhältnismässig geringer Konzentration andere Fasern miteinander zu verbinden. Der Überschuss des Weichmachers wird zweckmässigerweise dadurch auf die plastifizierbare Faser aufgebracht, dass das gesamte Fasergemisch, bestehend aus plastifizierba- ren und nicht plastifizierbaren Fasern gemeinsam geschmälzt wird.
Man kann jedoch auch die überdo- sis des Weichmachers ausschliesslich auf die plastifi- zierbare.n Fasern aufbringen und anschliessend die nicht plastifizierbaren Fasern beimischen, doch kön nen hierbei Schwierigkeiten beim nachträglichen Krempeln auftreten. Das zuerst angeführte Verfah ren hat ausserdem den Vorteil,
dass durch die An wesenheit des Weichmachers, auf den nicht plastifi- zierbaren Fasern, die schmälzenden plastifzierbaren Fasern leichter an den nicht plastifizierbaren Fasern haften, wodurch eine besonders hohe Festigkeit der Vliesmatte erzielt wird.
Das erhaltene Produkt erweckt unter dem Mikroskop den Eindruck, als wenn die Fasermatte mittels der Sprüh-Methode verfestigt wäre.
Dieses Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass a) praktisch jede beliebige Faser auf diese Weise mitverwendet werden kann, b) dass Fasermatten jeder beliebigen Stärke er halten werden können, c) dass auch feintitrige Fasern Verwendung fin den können im Gegensatz zu der anfangs erwähnten Sprüh-Verfestigungsmethode, bei der nur grobtitrige Fasern eingesetzt werden können.
Solche Vliesstoffmatten können als solche, z. B. als Luftfilter Verwendung finden, oder sie können wegen ihrer Stabilität ohne Vliesverschiebung einer Nachbehandlung unterzogen werden, wofür bei nicht vorverfestigten Vliesgebilden besondere technische Einrichtungen erforderlich sind.
Die vorverfestigten Vliesmatten können z. B. zu sätzlich hydrophob, knitterarm, schwerentflammbar, sprungelastisch usw. ausgerüstet werden.
<I>Beispiel 1</I> Ein Gemisch, bestehend aus 80 % Zellwolle 1,4 den. und 20 % einer Faser aus 88 % Vinylchlorid und 12 % Vinylacetat (Vinyon)
werden mit Benzolsulfosäure-butyl-amid so besprüht, dass eine Aufnahme von 15 % erfolgt. Anschliessend werden die so besprühten Fasern zu einem Faservlies von 300 g/ml gekrempelt und in einem Flachbahn- trockner einer Temperatur von 120 C ausgesetzt.
Diese Temperatur reicht aus, um die synthetischen Fasern zu schmälzen und die Viskosezellwolle zu verfestigen.
Die Menge des Weichmachers, die auf die plasti- fizierbare Faser einwirken kann, beträgt in diesem Falle 75 % des Gewichts der plastifizierbaren Faser.
<I>Beispiel 2</I> Ein Fasergemisch aus 90 % Baumwolle und 1 0 % PVC-Fasern (Rhovyl) werden mit Trichloräthylphosphat so geschmälzt,
dass eine Aufnahme von 12 % erfolgt. Die Bildung der Vliesmatte aus den geschmälzten Fasern erfolgt wie in Beispiel 1 angegeben. In diesem Falle beträgt die Menge des Plastifikators 120 0/0.
<I>Beispiel 3</I> Vinyon-Fasern werden mit 40 % Trichloräthyl- phosphat geschmälzt und anschliessend in einer Menge von 10 % Schafwolle zugesetzt. Die Bildung und Verfestigung der
Vliesmatte erfolgt wie in Bei spiel 1 aufgeführt.
<I>Beispiel 4</I> Die nach Beispiel 3 erhaltene Vliesmatte wird mit einer Mischung, bestehend aus 50 Teilern. Polyvinylchlohd 20 Teilen Antimonttrioxyd 200 Teilen Methylenchlorid 700 Teilern, Trichloräthylen so imprägniert,
dass nach dem Trocknen eine Ge- wichtszunahme von 20 % erhalten wird. Diese Vlies- matte ist schwer entflammbar.
<I>Beispiel 5</I> Auf die nach Beispiel 1 hergestellte Vliesmatte wird einseitig ein Schaum, bestehend aus 20 Teilen einer Po@lyvinylchlorid-Dispersion 5 Teilen Benzolsulfonat und 975 Teilen Wasser aufgestrichen. Nach dem Trocknen bildet sich eine poröse Deckschicht, die eine zusätzliche Versteifung der Vliesmatte bewirkt.
Process for the production of preferably voluminous mats for technical purposes It is known to produce voluminous fiber fleece mats by impregnating a carded fiber fleece with a solution or dispersion of a binder in a solvent which does not swell the fibers.
It is also known to produce voluminous fiber fleece mats by spraying a fiber fleece on one or both sides. This process has the disadvantage that a) only very loose fleeces can be used for this, e.g. B. from coarse denier fibers, b) a uniform penetration of the fleece with the binder is not guaranteed.
It is also known to produce nonwoven mats by using plasticizable fibers. For this purpose, these fibers are melted, carded and exposed to higher temperatures in a heat channel to lower their softening point with specific plasticizers. In this case, the amount of plasticizer is to be dosed in such a way that the fiber structure of the fleece mat is retained after it has solidified.
This method can be used for relatively few fibers; Likewise, the addition of fibers inert to the plasticizer is only possible to a very limited extent (approx. 20%), since otherwise there is a noticeable decrease in the mechanical strength of the mats made from it.
The lack of the possibility of any addition to any fiber makes itself uncomfortably noticeable, as it takes away the possibility of giving the fleece mats certain properties such. B. hydrophobicity, flame retardancy, increased resilience, etc. It has now been found that the above disadvantages can be eliminated.
The corresponding process for the production of preferably voluminö sen mats for technical purposes from a loose mixture of predominantly non-plasticizable fibers and a smaller proportion of plasticizable fibers is characterized in that the fiber mixture is melted with such an excess of a plasticizer that the structure of the plasticizable fibers are completely destroyed in a subsequent heat treatment, then carded and then brought to a temperature of approx.
120 C exposes.
So if you treat this fiber mixture with plasticizer, you get a sump. This sludge has sufficient binding power to connect other fibers to one another in a relatively low concentration. The excess of the plasticizer is expediently applied to the plasticizable fiber in that the entire fiber mixture, consisting of plasticizable and non-plasticizable fibers, is melted together.
However, the excessive amount of plasticizer can also be applied exclusively to the plasticizable fibers and then the non-plasticizable fibers can be mixed in, but difficulties can arise with subsequent carding. The first mentioned procedure also has the advantage
that due to the presence of the plasticizer on the non-plasticizable fibers, the melting plasticizable fibers adhere more easily to the non-plasticizable fibers, whereby a particularly high strength of the non-woven mat is achieved.
Under the microscope, the product obtained gives the impression that the fiber mat has been consolidated by means of the spray method.
This method has the advantage that a) practically any fiber can be used in this way, b) that fiber mats of any thickness can be obtained, c) that fine-denier fibers can also be used in contrast to the spraying mentioned at the beginning. Solidification method in which only coarse-denier fibers can be used.
Such nonwoven mats can be used as such, e.g. B. can be used as air filters, or they can be subjected to post-treatment because of their stability without shifting the fleece, for which special technical facilities are required for non-pre-consolidated fleece structures.
The pre-consolidated fleece mats can, for. B. to additionally hydrophobic, crease-resistant, flame-retardant, resilient, etc. are equipped.
<I> Example 1 </I> A mixture consisting of 80% viscose wool 1.4 den. and 20% of a fiber made of 88% vinyl chloride and 12% vinyl acetate (Vinyon)
are sprayed with benzenesulfonic acid butyl amide in such a way that an absorption of 15% occurs. The fibers thus sprayed are then carded to form a fiber fleece of 300 g / ml and exposed to a temperature of 120 ° C. in a flat web dryer.
This temperature is sufficient to melt the synthetic fibers and solidify the viscose rayon.
The amount of plasticizer that can act on the plasticizable fiber is in this case 75% of the weight of the plasticizable fiber.
<I> Example 2 </I> A fiber mixture of 90% cotton and 1 0% PVC fibers (Rhovyl) are melted with trichloroethyl phosphate so that
that an uptake of 12% occurs. The formation of the fleece mat from the melted fibers takes place as indicated in Example 1. In this case, the amount of plasticizer is 120%.
<I> Example 3 </I> Vinyon fibers are melted with 40% trichloroethyl phosphate and then added in an amount of 10% sheep wool. The formation and solidification of the
Fleece mat takes place as shown in Example 1.
<I> Example 4 </I> The fleece mat obtained according to Example 3 is mixed with a mixture consisting of 50 dividers. Polyvinylchlohd 20 parts antimony trioxide 200 parts methylene chloride 700 parts, trichlorethylene so impregnated,
that after drying a weight increase of 20% is obtained. This fleece mat is hardly inflammable.
Example 5 A foam consisting of 20 parts of a polyvinyl chloride dispersion, 5 parts of benzenesulfonate and 975 parts of water is spread on one side of the fleece mat produced according to Example 1. After drying, a porous cover layer forms, which causes additional stiffening of the fleece mat.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH640663A CH420600A (en) | 1963-05-22 | 1963-05-22 | Process for the production of preferably voluminous mats for technical purposes |
GB2084364A GB1066132A (en) | 1963-05-21 | 1964-05-20 | Production of non-woven bonded materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH640663A CH420600A (en) | 1963-05-22 | 1963-05-22 | Process for the production of preferably voluminous mats for technical purposes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH420600A true CH420600A (en) | 1966-09-15 |
Family
ID=4309069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH640663A CH420600A (en) | 1963-05-21 | 1963-05-22 | Process for the production of preferably voluminous mats for technical purposes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH420600A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989004886A1 (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-06-01 | Maxwell Victor Lane | Bonded fibrous insulation batt |
-
1963
- 1963-05-22 CH CH640663A patent/CH420600A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989004886A1 (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-06-01 | Maxwell Victor Lane | Bonded fibrous insulation batt |
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