CH277400A - Process for increasing the resistance of the surface of steel parts to wear, especially at high temperatures. - Google Patents
Process for increasing the resistance of the surface of steel parts to wear, especially at high temperatures.Info
- Publication number
- CH277400A CH277400A CH277400DA CH277400A CH 277400 A CH277400 A CH 277400A CH 277400D A CH277400D A CH 277400DA CH 277400 A CH277400 A CH 277400A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- metallic coating
- produced
- coating
- wear
- metallic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C12/00—Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Widerstandes der Oberíläehe von Stahlteilen gegen Verschleiss, insbesondere bei hohen Temperaturen.
Es sind eine Reihe von Massnahmen bekanntgeworden, um die Lebensdauer von Itonstruktionsteilen zu verlängern, die starken Versehleissbeallspruehungen, insbesondere bei sehr hohen Temperaturen, ausgesetzt sind und teilweise sogar durch Ausbrennun gen oder Ausschmdzungen im Betrieb zerstört werden.
Man hat zunächst versucht, die Wider standsfähigkeit durch Verwendung hochlegierter Werkstoffe, die ausserdem auf hohe Festigkeiten vergütet wurden, zu steigern.
Andere Massnahmen zielten auf eine besondere Oberflächenbehandlung hin, indem man vor allem verschiedene widerstandsfähige Metall- schichten in verschiedener Art und Weise auf die Oberfläche aufbrachte.
In diesem Zusammenhang sind Verfahren für das Eindiffundieren von Metallen wie Chrom oder Wolfram bekanntgeworden. Diese konnten aber nicht in solchen Fällen ver N-endet werden, in denen es neben hohem mechanischem Verschleiss auf besondere Hitzebeanspruchung ankommt, sondern sie bewährten sieh vorwiegend für spanabhebende Werkzeuge, Messgeräte und dergleichen. Besonders durch die Beanspruchung von Stählen in den Verbrennungskammern, bei Leit- und Laufteilen moderner Abgasturbinen, sowie im Innern der Läufe luftgekühlter Sehnellfeuer- schusswaffen konnte eine vorzeitige Abnützung, Ausbrennung und Aussehmelzung nicht vermieden werden.
Das Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung ermöglicht es nun, in oder auf solchen derartig beanspruchten Teilen Oberflächen schichten herzustellen, die sieh durch beson d ers hohen Widerstand gegen Ausbrennungen und Verschleiss auszeichnen.
Erfindungsgemäss erhält die Oberfläche der Stahlteile einen Überzug, der mindestens ein karbid- und nitridbildendes Metall, wie z. B. Niob, Tantal, Vanadin, Titan, Chrom, Molybdän und Wolfram, enthält. Das Aufbringen dieses Überzuges kann in an sich bekannter Weise, z. B. durch Abscheidung auf clektrolytisehem Wege, erfolgen. Anschliessend wird der Überzug mit dem Stahlteil durch Diffusion innig verbunden und durch Eindiffundieren mindestens eines Nichtmetalles gehärtet und hierdurch verschleissfest gemacht. Das Härten der Oberflächenschicht kann z. B. durch Zementieren, Nitrieren oder durch gleichzeitiges Zementieren und Nitrieren erfolgen, wobei dann die unmittelbar dem Verschleiss ausgesetzte Schicht vorwiegend aus Karbiden, Nitriden oder aus Karbiden und Nitriden der genannten Metalle besteht.
Die Zähigkeit der verschleissfesten Schicht kann dadurch verbessert werden, dass der metallische Überzug noch Zusätze von Metallen erhält, die im Stahl kein Karbid bilden, wie z. B. von Kupfer, Kobalt und Nickel. Auch diese Metalle können einzeln oder zu mehreren zur Anwendung kommen. Das Zusetzen der selben kann ebenfalls durch Absehneidung in an sich bekannter Weise erfolgen, und zvar vor, gleichzeitig mit oder nach der Abseheü dung der Überzüge, die karbid- und nitridbildende Metalle enthalten. Beim Diffusionsvorgang können die Metalle, welche im Stahl kein Karbid bilden, sowohl in die karbid- und nitridbildende Metalle enthaltende Schicht als auch in den Stahlteil diffundieren.
Es ist möglich, den Diffusionsvorgang und die durch Eindiffundieren mindestens eines Nichtmetalles erfolgende Härtung der Oberflächenschicht in einem Arbeitsgang durchzuführen.
Diese Oberflächenbehandlung kann in an sich bekannter Weise mit Hilfe von gasförmigen, flüssigen oder festen Härtungsmitteln erfolgen.
Process to increase the resistance of the surface of steel parts to wear, especially at high temperatures.
A number of measures have become known to extend the service life of construction parts which are exposed to severe damage caused by damage, especially at very high temperatures, and which are sometimes even destroyed by burn-out or burn-out during operation.
Attempts were first made to increase the resistance by using high-alloy materials that were also tempered to high strengths.
Other measures aimed at a special surface treatment, primarily by applying different resistant metal layers to the surface in different ways.
In this context, processes for the diffusion of metals such as chromium or tungsten have become known. However, these could not be N-ended in those cases in which, in addition to high mechanical wear and tear, special heat stress is important, but rather they have proven themselves primarily for cutting tools, measuring devices and the like. Due to the stress on steels in the combustion chambers, on the guide and barrel parts of modern exhaust gas turbines, as well as on the inside of the barrels of air-cooled tendon firearms, it was impossible to avoid premature wear and tear, burn-out and disintegration.
The method of the present invention now makes it possible to produce surface layers in or on such stressed parts that are characterized by particularly high resistance to burnout and wear.
According to the invention, the surface of the steel parts is given a coating that contains at least one carbide- and nitride-forming metal, such as. B. niobium, tantalum, vanadium, titanium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten contains. This coating can be applied in a manner known per se, for. B. by deposition in clektrolytic ways. The coating is then intimately connected to the steel part by diffusion and hardened by diffusion of at least one non-metal and thereby made wear-resistant. The hardening of the surface layer can e.g. B. by cementing, nitriding or by simultaneous cementing and nitriding, in which case the layer directly exposed to wear consists primarily of carbides, nitrides or carbides and nitrides of the metals mentioned.
The toughness of the wear-resistant layer can be improved by adding metals to the metallic coating that do not form carbide in the steel, such as e.g. B. of copper, cobalt and nickel. These metals can also be used individually or in groups. The addition of the same can also be done by cutting off in a manner known per se, and zvar before, at the same time with or after the Abseheü training of the coatings that contain carbide- and nitride-forming metals. During the diffusion process, the metals which do not form carbide in steel can diffuse into the layer containing carbide and nitride-forming metals as well as into the steel part.
It is possible to carry out the diffusion process and the hardening of the surface layer, which takes place by diffusing in at least one non-metal, in one operation.
This surface treatment can be carried out in a manner known per se with the aid of gaseous, liquid or solid hardeners.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH277400T | 1948-01-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH277400A true CH277400A (en) | 1951-08-31 |
Family
ID=4481216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH277400D CH277400A (en) | 1948-01-08 | 1948-01-08 | Process for increasing the resistance of the surface of steel parts to wear, especially at high temperatures. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH277400A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE954301C (en) * | 1953-11-26 | 1956-12-13 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Precision machine bearings with hardened surface |
DE954564C (en) * | 1953-11-16 | 1956-12-20 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Rolling bearings with hard surfaces |
DE1001239B (en) * | 1953-06-23 | 1957-01-24 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Corrosion-resistant electrode for electrostatic precipitators |
DE1056880B (en) * | 1957-09-18 | 1959-05-06 | Licentia Gmbh | Bearing material |
DE1078095B (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1960-03-24 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Corrosion-resistant discharge electrode for electrostatic precipitators |
DE1092272B (en) * | 1952-09-12 | 1960-11-03 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Process for surface refinement of metallic workpieces by diffusing in nitrogen |
DE1101619B (en) * | 1957-03-30 | 1961-03-09 | Philips Nv | Method of manufacturing a large surface area electrode for an electrolytic capacitor |
DE1129353B (en) * | 1952-09-12 | 1962-05-10 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Process for the production of objects from low-carbon iron and iron alloys with wear-resistant surfaces |
DE1140135B (en) * | 1960-08-27 | 1962-11-22 | Nordstroems Linbanor Ab | Storage for cement-conveying screws |
FR2195704A1 (en) * | 1972-08-09 | 1974-03-08 | Engel Niels | |
DE3118967A1 (en) * | 1981-05-13 | 1982-12-09 | Karsten 7148 Remseck Laing | Water-lubricated air compressor |
-
1948
- 1948-01-08 CH CH277400D patent/CH277400A/en unknown
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1092272B (en) * | 1952-09-12 | 1960-11-03 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Process for surface refinement of metallic workpieces by diffusing in nitrogen |
DE1129353B (en) * | 1952-09-12 | 1962-05-10 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Process for the production of objects from low-carbon iron and iron alloys with wear-resistant surfaces |
DE1001239B (en) * | 1953-06-23 | 1957-01-24 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Corrosion-resistant electrode for electrostatic precipitators |
DE1078095B (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1960-03-24 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Corrosion-resistant discharge electrode for electrostatic precipitators |
DE954564C (en) * | 1953-11-16 | 1956-12-20 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Rolling bearings with hard surfaces |
DE954301C (en) * | 1953-11-26 | 1956-12-13 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Precision machine bearings with hardened surface |
DE1101619B (en) * | 1957-03-30 | 1961-03-09 | Philips Nv | Method of manufacturing a large surface area electrode for an electrolytic capacitor |
DE1056880B (en) * | 1957-09-18 | 1959-05-06 | Licentia Gmbh | Bearing material |
DE1140135B (en) * | 1960-08-27 | 1962-11-22 | Nordstroems Linbanor Ab | Storage for cement-conveying screws |
FR2195704A1 (en) * | 1972-08-09 | 1974-03-08 | Engel Niels | |
DE3118967A1 (en) * | 1981-05-13 | 1982-12-09 | Karsten 7148 Remseck Laing | Water-lubricated air compressor |
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