CH118082A - As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. - Google Patents

As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter.

Info

Publication number
CH118082A
CH118082A CH118082DA CH118082A CH 118082 A CH118082 A CH 118082A CH 118082D A CH118082D A CH 118082DA CH 118082 A CH118082 A CH 118082A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
separator
electrolytic
osmotic
primary
filter
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Beckmann Dr Hermann
Original Assignee
Beckmann Dr Hermann
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DEB115340D external-priority patent/DE414975C/en
Application filed by Beckmann Dr Hermann filed Critical Beckmann Dr Hermann
Publication of CH118082A publication Critical patent/CH118082A/en

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411Organic material
    • H01M50/414Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

       

  Als     Diaphragma    für Primär-     und    Sekundärelemente,     elektrolytische,        osmotische    und       elektroosmotische    Zellen, oder als Filter     verwendbarer        Scheider.       Für die gute Wirksamkeit eines     Schei-          ders    ist es     notwendig,    dass er möglichst feine  Poren enthält, damit kleinste Stoffteile am  Durchwandern gehindert werden, ferner, bei       Verwendung    als     Diaphragma,    dass die An  zahl der in ihm enthaltenen Poren möglichst  gross ist,

   damit sein elektrischer Widerstand  gering ist und endlich,     dass    er gegen che  mische und elektrolytische Wirkungen wi  derstandsfähig ist. Es sind beispielsweise       Scheider    zur Verwendung als     Diaphragmen          bekannt,    die aus Hartgummi bestehen, wel  che von kurzen     Baumwollfäden,    die den  Durchgang des Stromes ermöglichen, durch  setzt sind; falls sich die Fäden aber heraus  lösen, so sind die so gebildeten Poren nicht  eng genug, um mit Sicherheit ein Durchwan  dern von kleinen Teilen zu verhindern.

   Wei  ter werden solche Scheider in Form von       Hartgummiröhren    mit vielen sehr engen  Schlitzen gebaut, welche     Scheider    wohl das  Durchtreten feiner     Masseteile    verhindern  und gegen elektrolytische Wirkungen wi  derstandsfähig sind, die aber dem Strom     ver,            hältnismässig    - hohen Widerstand entgegen  setzen, weil die feinen Schlitze aus Gründen  der Festigkeit. nur einen kleinen Teil der Ge  samtfläche des     Scheiders    ausmachen können,  so dass .der Gesamtquerschnitt des Strom  weges eine beträchtliche Verringerung er  fährt.

   Endlich sind     Scheider    aus     schwamm-          förmigem        gollodium    vorgeschlagen, die al  lerdings Poren von höchster Feinheit und  grösster Zahl besitzen, so dass in der Tat der  elektrische Widerstand gering ist, und  feinste mechanische Teile zurückgehalten  werden, die sich aber in ihrem Baustoff  nicht als genügend widerstandsfähig erwie  sen haben, weil die Nitrozellulose des     Schei-          ders    an der der     positiven        Elektrodenplatte     zugekehrten Seite zersetzt wird. Das gleiche  gilt für die als     Scheider    viel benutzten Holz  brettchen.  



  Diese Nachteile können durch den     Schei-          der    gemäss     vorliegender    Erfindung vermieden  werden, welcher dadurch     gekennzeichnet    ist.  dass derselbe ein aus     schwammförmigem,     durch Gerinnen von Latex als Gel gewon-           neuem    Gummi bestehendes, von unendlich  vielen, äusserst feinen Poren, deren Durch  messer etwa dem Durchmesser kolloidaler  Teilchen entspricht,     durchsetztes    Gebilde  darstellt.-     Gummischeider    dieser Art     können     auch die feinsten Stoffteile     zurückhalten,

       setzen dem elektrischen Strom und dein Flüs  sigkeitsaustausch nur sehr     geringen    Wider  stand entgegen, sind gegenüber der oxydie  renden     Wirkung    des Sauerstoffes, sowie ge  <U>g</U>enüber den meisten chemischen     rlgentien     von höchster     ZViderstandsfäliigkeit    und zeich  nen sich zudem durch hohe Elastizität und       Zerreissfestigkeit    aus.  



  Ausser als     Diaphragmen    für Primär- und       Sekundärelemente    und     clektrolytische    Zel  len können solche     Scheider    auch als Dia  phragmen für     osmotische    oder     elel-,troosmo-          tische    Zellen, sowie als Filter für     allbenieinc#     chemische Zwecke gut verwendet werden.  



  Die Herstellung eines     Sclieiders        kann          folgendermassen    erfolgen: .  100 cm"'     Latex    werden mit 70     cm     Was  ser versetzt, in welchem 15     gr        Schwefel     gleichmässig verteilt sind. Zu dieser     Mi-          ,chunb    werden allmählich unter Umrühren       1.,30    cm' einer     Magnesiumsulfatlösung    hinzu  geführt, die auf 1 Liter     Wasser   <B>17</B>     gr    Mag-         nesiumsulfat    enthält.

   Nach wenigen     131i-          nuten    tritt dann ein Eindicken zu einer  gleichmässigen     Clallerte    ein, die sodann in  feuchtem     Zustande    zu dünnen Platten in       Form    des     gewünschten        Scheiders    ausgegossen  oder     a.u,gestrichen    und bei einem Druck von       614        Atm.    in     ge,iittigtem        Wasserdampf    oder  in' Wasser ?     1::    Stunden vulkanisiert     wird.     



  Zur     Verwendung    für elektrische Ele  mente kann der vorliegende     Selieider    in jeder  beliebigen     Fornt    gebaut werden, zum Beispiel  derart, dass er     die        Elektrode        ganz    oder teil  weise umhüllt.



  As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. For a separator to be effective, it is necessary that it contains the finest possible pores so that the smallest pieces of material are prevented from migrating through, and furthermore, when used as a diaphragm, that the number of pores it contains is as large as possible,

   so that its electrical resistance is low and finite, so that it is able to withstand chemical and electrolytic effects. There are, for example, separators for use as diaphragms known which are made of hard rubber, wel che of short cotton threads that allow the passage of the current through sets; but if the threads come loose, the pores formed in this way are not narrow enough to prevent small parts from wandering through with certainty.

   Such separators are also built in the form of hard rubber tubes with many very narrow slots, which separators probably prevent the passage of fine mass parts and are resistant to electrolytic effects, but which offer a relatively high resistance to the current because the fine slots are out Reasons of strength. can only make up a small part of the total area of the separator, so that .the total cross-section of the current path is a considerable reduction.

   Finally, separators made of spongy gollodium have been proposed which, however, have pores of the highest fineness and the greatest number, so that the electrical resistance is indeed low, and the finest mechanical parts are retained, which, however, are not sufficiently resistant in their building material because the nitrocellulose of the separator is decomposed on the side facing the positive electrode plate. The same applies to the wooden boards that are widely used as separators.



  These disadvantages can be avoided by the separator according to the present invention, which is characterized by this. that it is a structure made of spongy rubber, which has been made into a gel by coagulating latex, and interspersed with an infinite number of extremely fine pores, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to the diameter of colloidal particles. Rubber sheaths of this kind can hold back even the finest pieces of fabric ,

       offer very little resistance to electrical current and the exchange of fluids, are extremely resistant to the oxidizing effect of oxygen and most chemical agents and are also characterized by high elasticity and tensile strength.



  In addition to being used as diaphragms for primary and secondary elements and clectrolytic cells, such separators can also be used well as diaphragms for osmotic or elliptical, troosmotic cells, and as filters for all kinds of chemical purposes.



  A sclieider can be produced as follows:. 100 cm of latex are mixed with 70 cm of water in which 15 grams of sulfur are evenly distributed. To this mix, 1. 30 cm of a magnesium sulfate solution are gradually added with stirring, which is made up to 1 liter of water Contains> 17 </B> gr magnesium sulphate.

   After a few minutes, thickening occurs to form a uniform clump, which is then poured into thin sheets in the form of the desired separator in the moist state, or a.u, painted and at a pressure of 614 atm. in heated steam or in water? 1 :: hours is vulcanized.



  For use for electrical ele ments, the present selector can be built in any shape, for example in such a way that it completely or partially covers the electrode.


    

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Als @ia,phrabma für Primär- und Sekun därelemente, elektrolytische, osmotische und elel@troosmoti,clic Zellen, oder als Filter ver- wendbarc r Scheiden dadurch gekennzeich net, dass derselbe ein aus sehwammförmigein, durch Gerinnen von Latex als Crel gewon nenem Gummi bestehendes, von unendlich vielen, äusserst feinen Poren, deren Durch- nie, PATENT CLAIM: As @ ia, phrabma for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and elel @ troosmoti, clic cells, or can be used as a filter for sheaths characterized in that they are made from a sponge-like crel by coagulating latex consisting of an infinite number of extremely fine pores, the penetration of which ser etwa. dein Durcliinerser 1_olloidalt,r Teilchen entspricht, durchsetztes Gebildr: darstellt. ser about. your Durcliinerser 1_olloidalt, r corresponds to particles, interspersed structurer: represents.
CH118082D 1924-08-22 1925-07-15 As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. CH118082A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB115340D DE414975C (en) 1924-08-22 1924-08-22 Rubber membrane as a separator for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic cells, filters, etc. like
DEB122278D DE439415C (en) 1924-08-22 1925-10-09 Rubber membrane as a separator for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic cells, filters, etc. like
DE544906T 1930-08-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH118082A true CH118082A (en) 1926-12-16

Family

ID=31950157

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH118082D CH118082A (en) 1924-08-22 1925-07-15 As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter.
CH122944D CH122944A (en) 1924-08-22 1926-08-05 As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter.

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH122944D CH122944A (en) 1924-08-22 1926-08-05 As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CH (2) CH118082A (en)
DE (2) DE439415C (en)
GB (3) GB238870A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE888273C (en) * 1943-01-15 1953-08-31 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Process for the production of corrugated separators from plastic for accumulators
BE511274A (en) * 1951-05-09
US6458491B1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2002-10-01 Microporous Products, Lp Separator for energy storage cells
CN113635578B (en) * 2021-05-25 2023-07-18 浙江玖邦科技有限公司 Preparation method of fuel cell protective film

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE439415C (en) 1927-01-10
GB238870A (en) 1926-11-08
CH122944A (en) 1927-10-17
GB365971A (en) 1932-01-28
GB259542A (en) 1927-01-20
DE544906C (en) 1932-02-23

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