CH118082A - As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. - Google Patents
As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter.Info
- Publication number
- CH118082A CH118082A CH118082DA CH118082A CH 118082 A CH118082 A CH 118082A CH 118082D A CH118082D A CH 118082DA CH 118082 A CH118082 A CH 118082A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- electrolytic
- osmotic
- primary
- filter
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Als Diaphragma für Primär- und Sekundärelemente, elektrolytische, osmotische und elektroosmotische Zellen, oder als Filter verwendbarer Scheider. Für die gute Wirksamkeit eines Schei- ders ist es notwendig, dass er möglichst feine Poren enthält, damit kleinste Stoffteile am Durchwandern gehindert werden, ferner, bei Verwendung als Diaphragma, dass die An zahl der in ihm enthaltenen Poren möglichst gross ist,
damit sein elektrischer Widerstand gering ist und endlich, dass er gegen che mische und elektrolytische Wirkungen wi derstandsfähig ist. Es sind beispielsweise Scheider zur Verwendung als Diaphragmen bekannt, die aus Hartgummi bestehen, wel che von kurzen Baumwollfäden, die den Durchgang des Stromes ermöglichen, durch setzt sind; falls sich die Fäden aber heraus lösen, so sind die so gebildeten Poren nicht eng genug, um mit Sicherheit ein Durchwan dern von kleinen Teilen zu verhindern.
Wei ter werden solche Scheider in Form von Hartgummiröhren mit vielen sehr engen Schlitzen gebaut, welche Scheider wohl das Durchtreten feiner Masseteile verhindern und gegen elektrolytische Wirkungen wi derstandsfähig sind, die aber dem Strom ver, hältnismässig - hohen Widerstand entgegen setzen, weil die feinen Schlitze aus Gründen der Festigkeit. nur einen kleinen Teil der Ge samtfläche des Scheiders ausmachen können, so dass .der Gesamtquerschnitt des Strom weges eine beträchtliche Verringerung er fährt.
Endlich sind Scheider aus schwamm- förmigem gollodium vorgeschlagen, die al lerdings Poren von höchster Feinheit und grösster Zahl besitzen, so dass in der Tat der elektrische Widerstand gering ist, und feinste mechanische Teile zurückgehalten werden, die sich aber in ihrem Baustoff nicht als genügend widerstandsfähig erwie sen haben, weil die Nitrozellulose des Schei- ders an der der positiven Elektrodenplatte zugekehrten Seite zersetzt wird. Das gleiche gilt für die als Scheider viel benutzten Holz brettchen.
Diese Nachteile können durch den Schei- der gemäss vorliegender Erfindung vermieden werden, welcher dadurch gekennzeichnet ist. dass derselbe ein aus schwammförmigem, durch Gerinnen von Latex als Gel gewon- neuem Gummi bestehendes, von unendlich vielen, äusserst feinen Poren, deren Durch messer etwa dem Durchmesser kolloidaler Teilchen entspricht, durchsetztes Gebilde darstellt.- Gummischeider dieser Art können auch die feinsten Stoffteile zurückhalten,
setzen dem elektrischen Strom und dein Flüs sigkeitsaustausch nur sehr geringen Wider stand entgegen, sind gegenüber der oxydie renden Wirkung des Sauerstoffes, sowie ge <U>g</U>enüber den meisten chemischen rlgentien von höchster ZViderstandsfäliigkeit und zeich nen sich zudem durch hohe Elastizität und Zerreissfestigkeit aus.
Ausser als Diaphragmen für Primär- und Sekundärelemente und clektrolytische Zel len können solche Scheider auch als Dia phragmen für osmotische oder elel-,troosmo- tische Zellen, sowie als Filter für allbenieinc# chemische Zwecke gut verwendet werden.
Die Herstellung eines Sclieiders kann folgendermassen erfolgen: . 100 cm"' Latex werden mit 70 cm Was ser versetzt, in welchem 15 gr Schwefel gleichmässig verteilt sind. Zu dieser Mi- ,chunb werden allmählich unter Umrühren 1.,30 cm' einer Magnesiumsulfatlösung hinzu geführt, die auf 1 Liter Wasser <B>17</B> gr Mag- nesiumsulfat enthält.
Nach wenigen 131i- nuten tritt dann ein Eindicken zu einer gleichmässigen Clallerte ein, die sodann in feuchtem Zustande zu dünnen Platten in Form des gewünschten Scheiders ausgegossen oder a.u,gestrichen und bei einem Druck von 614 Atm. in ge,iittigtem Wasserdampf oder in' Wasser ? 1:: Stunden vulkanisiert wird.
Zur Verwendung für elektrische Ele mente kann der vorliegende Selieider in jeder beliebigen Fornt gebaut werden, zum Beispiel derart, dass er die Elektrode ganz oder teil weise umhüllt.
As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. For a separator to be effective, it is necessary that it contains the finest possible pores so that the smallest pieces of material are prevented from migrating through, and furthermore, when used as a diaphragm, that the number of pores it contains is as large as possible,
so that its electrical resistance is low and finite, so that it is able to withstand chemical and electrolytic effects. There are, for example, separators for use as diaphragms known which are made of hard rubber, wel che of short cotton threads that allow the passage of the current through sets; but if the threads come loose, the pores formed in this way are not narrow enough to prevent small parts from wandering through with certainty.
Such separators are also built in the form of hard rubber tubes with many very narrow slots, which separators probably prevent the passage of fine mass parts and are resistant to electrolytic effects, but which offer a relatively high resistance to the current because the fine slots are out Reasons of strength. can only make up a small part of the total area of the separator, so that .the total cross-section of the current path is a considerable reduction.
Finally, separators made of spongy gollodium have been proposed which, however, have pores of the highest fineness and the greatest number, so that the electrical resistance is indeed low, and the finest mechanical parts are retained, which, however, are not sufficiently resistant in their building material because the nitrocellulose of the separator is decomposed on the side facing the positive electrode plate. The same applies to the wooden boards that are widely used as separators.
These disadvantages can be avoided by the separator according to the present invention, which is characterized by this. that it is a structure made of spongy rubber, which has been made into a gel by coagulating latex, and interspersed with an infinite number of extremely fine pores, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to the diameter of colloidal particles. Rubber sheaths of this kind can hold back even the finest pieces of fabric ,
offer very little resistance to electrical current and the exchange of fluids, are extremely resistant to the oxidizing effect of oxygen and most chemical agents and are also characterized by high elasticity and tensile strength.
In addition to being used as diaphragms for primary and secondary elements and clectrolytic cells, such separators can also be used well as diaphragms for osmotic or elliptical, troosmotic cells, and as filters for all kinds of chemical purposes.
A sclieider can be produced as follows:. 100 cm of latex are mixed with 70 cm of water in which 15 grams of sulfur are evenly distributed. To this mix, 1. 30 cm of a magnesium sulfate solution are gradually added with stirring, which is made up to 1 liter of water Contains> 17 </B> gr magnesium sulphate.
After a few minutes, thickening occurs to form a uniform clump, which is then poured into thin sheets in the form of the desired separator in the moist state, or a.u, painted and at a pressure of 614 atm. in heated steam or in water? 1 :: hours is vulcanized.
For use for electrical ele ments, the present selector can be built in any shape, for example in such a way that it completely or partially covers the electrode.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEB115340D DE414975C (en) | 1924-08-22 | 1924-08-22 | Rubber membrane as a separator for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic cells, filters, etc. like |
DEB122278D DE439415C (en) | 1924-08-22 | 1925-10-09 | Rubber membrane as a separator for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic cells, filters, etc. like |
DE544906T | 1930-08-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH118082A true CH118082A (en) | 1926-12-16 |
Family
ID=31950157
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH118082D CH118082A (en) | 1924-08-22 | 1925-07-15 | As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. |
CH122944D CH122944A (en) | 1924-08-22 | 1926-08-05 | As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH122944D CH122944A (en) | 1924-08-22 | 1926-08-05 | As a diaphragm for primary and secondary elements, electrolytic, osmotic and electroosmotic cells, or a separator that can be used as a filter. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (2) | CH118082A (en) |
DE (2) | DE439415C (en) |
GB (3) | GB238870A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE888273C (en) * | 1943-01-15 | 1953-08-31 | Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag | Process for the production of corrugated separators from plastic for accumulators |
BE511274A (en) * | 1951-05-09 | |||
US6458491B1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-10-01 | Microporous Products, Lp | Separator for energy storage cells |
CN113635578B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2023-07-18 | 浙江玖邦科技有限公司 | Preparation method of fuel cell protective film |
-
1925
- 1925-07-15 CH CH118082D patent/CH118082A/en unknown
- 1925-08-06 GB GB19856/25A patent/GB238870A/en not_active Expired
- 1925-10-09 DE DEB122278D patent/DE439415C/en not_active Expired
-
1926
- 1926-07-30 GB GB19046/26A patent/GB259542A/en not_active Expired
- 1926-08-05 CH CH122944D patent/CH122944A/en unknown
-
1930
- 1930-08-03 DE DE1930544906D patent/DE544906C/en not_active Expired
-
1931
- 1931-06-26 GB GB18573/31A patent/GB365971A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE439415C (en) | 1927-01-10 |
GB238870A (en) | 1926-11-08 |
CH122944A (en) | 1927-10-17 |
GB365971A (en) | 1932-01-28 |
GB259542A (en) | 1927-01-20 |
DE544906C (en) | 1932-02-23 |
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