CA3130559A1 - Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method - Google Patents
Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3130559A1 CA3130559A1 CA3130559A CA3130559A CA3130559A1 CA 3130559 A1 CA3130559 A1 CA 3130559A1 CA 3130559 A CA3130559 A CA 3130559A CA 3130559 A CA3130559 A CA 3130559A CA 3130559 A1 CA3130559 A1 CA 3130559A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- fuel
- combustion
- combustion chamber
- powder fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 355
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 350
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 47
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/042—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with fuel supply in stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/06—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air into the fire bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/31019—Mixing tubes and burner heads
Abstract
[Problem] To provide a combustion apparatus and a combustion method that, without disposing a device such as an uncombusted amount measurement device and without making variable the direction of air injection into a combustion chamber, enables efficient ashing of an object to be combusted in the combustion chamber. [Solution] A powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 is provided with a fuel supply device 10, a primary combustion chamber 20, a secondary combustion chamber 50, an air supply/ash discharge device 32, and a cyclone dust collecting machine 60. An inclination section 23a is formed at a bottom part 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20, and the inclination section 23a has a bottom part air supply port 31 and the air supply/ash discharge device 32. The air supply/ash discharge device 32 is provided with a bottom part air injection nozzle 34 and an ash delivery device 35. The upper end and the lower end of the bottom part air injection nozzle 34 are open, and a plurality of injection ports 34a from which air is injected are provided to the side surface of the bottom part air injection nozzle 34. Air with strong wind pressure is injected regularly or irregularly from the bottom part air injection nozzle 34 during combustion of powder fuel F, and the powder fuel F is stirred, to obtain a good combustion state.
Description
[DESCRIPTION]
[Title of Invention]
POWDER FUEL COMBUSTION APPARATUS AND COMBUSTION
METHOD
[Technical Field]
[0001]
The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus for combusting powder fuel, and a combustion method of the combustion apparatus.
[Background Art]
[Title of Invention]
POWDER FUEL COMBUSTION APPARATUS AND COMBUSTION
METHOD
[Technical Field]
[0001]
The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus for combusting powder fuel, and a combustion method of the combustion apparatus.
[Background Art]
[0002]
Hitherto, a boiler that uses pulverized coal as fuel to perform combustion and recover combustion heat to supply superheated vapor to power plants and the like is known (refer to Patent Literature 1). The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 includes a furnace having a hollow shape and disposed along a vertical direction, and three combustion burners arranged in the vertical direction to inject pulverized coal mixture and the like obtained by mixing solid fuel and combustion air into the furnace.
Hitherto, a boiler that uses pulverized coal as fuel to perform combustion and recover combustion heat to supply superheated vapor to power plants and the like is known (refer to Patent Literature 1). The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 includes a furnace having a hollow shape and disposed along a vertical direction, and three combustion burners arranged in the vertical direction to inject pulverized coal mixture and the like obtained by mixing solid fuel and combustion air into the furnace.
[0003]
Further, the boiler includes a furnace bottom air nozzle that injects combustion air into the furnace below the combustion burner in the vertical direction and a horizontal direction adjustment device capable of adjusting a direction of injection of combustion air through the furnace bottom air nozzle in the horizontal direction. The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 adopts such a configuration to promote combustion of fuel inside the furnace and suppress generation of unburned combustibles.
Further, the boiler includes a furnace bottom air nozzle that injects combustion air into the furnace below the combustion burner in the vertical direction and a horizontal direction adjustment device capable of adjusting a direction of injection of combustion air through the furnace bottom air nozzle in the horizontal direction. The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 adopts such a configuration to promote combustion of fuel inside the furnace and suppress generation of unburned combustibles.
[0004]
The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 uses, as disclosed for example in paragraphs 0027 and 0051 of the Publication, pulverized coal formed by mainly pulverizing coal as powder fuel (solid fuel).
The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 uses, as disclosed for example in paragraphs 0027 and 0051 of the Publication, pulverized coal formed by mainly pulverizing coal as powder fuel (solid fuel).
[0005]
Meanwhile, the present inventors utilize a carbonized fuel production apparatus and a carbonized fuel production method disclosed in Patent Literature 2 to produce a high quality carbonized fuel using synthetic resin and the like that has been recovered mainly for reuse as material.
Meanwhile, the present inventors utilize a carbonized fuel production apparatus and a carbonized fuel production method disclosed in Patent Literature 2 to produce a high quality carbonized fuel using synthetic resin and the like that has been recovered mainly for reuse as material.
[0006]
According to the carbonized fuel production apparatus and the carbonized fuel production method disclosed in Patent Literature 2, even if the quality of the synthetic resin having been recovered is not good and the synthetic resin is Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 not suitable for reuse, it can still be formed into carbonized fuel having a calory close to that of coal. Therefore, even synthetic resin that has been recovered but is not suitable for reuse or synthetic resin that had been disposed as landfill disposal can be regenerated as high quality fuel, so that advantageous effects of recycling synthetic resin and reducing the load applied on landfill disposal sites can be achieved.
[Citation List]
[Patent Literature]
According to the carbonized fuel production apparatus and the carbonized fuel production method disclosed in Patent Literature 2, even if the quality of the synthetic resin having been recovered is not good and the synthetic resin is Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 not suitable for reuse, it can still be formed into carbonized fuel having a calory close to that of coal. Therefore, even synthetic resin that has been recovered but is not suitable for reuse or synthetic resin that had been disposed as landfill disposal can be regenerated as high quality fuel, so that advantageous effects of recycling synthetic resin and reducing the load applied on landfill disposal sites can be achieved.
[Citation List]
[Patent Literature]
[0007]
[PTL 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2017-[PTL 2] International Publication No. WO 2018/074189 [Summary of Invention]
[Technical Problem]
[PTL 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2017-[PTL 2] International Publication No. WO 2018/074189 [Summary of Invention]
[Technical Problem]
[0008]
The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 includes three combustion burners arranged in a vertical direction in a vertically long furnace, and pulverized coal is combusted inside the furnace, wherein unburned matter is accumulated at a bottom portion of the furnace. According to Patent Literature 1, combustion air is introduced through the furnace bottom air nozzle to the pulverized coal accumulated at the bottom portion of the furnace to thereby burn the unburned matter at the bottom of the furnace.
The boiler according to Patent Literature 1 includes three combustion burners arranged in a vertical direction in a vertically long furnace, and pulverized coal is combusted inside the furnace, wherein unburned matter is accumulated at a bottom portion of the furnace. According to Patent Literature 1, combustion air is introduced through the furnace bottom air nozzle to the pulverized coal accumulated at the bottom portion of the furnace to thereby burn the unburned matter at the bottom of the furnace.
[0009]
According further to the boiler disclosed in Patent Literature 1, as illustrated in FIG. 9 of the publication, a hopper for storing ashes and unburned combustibles is provided at the bottom of the furnace. According to the boiler 1 of Patent Literature 1, ashes and unburned combustibles stored in the hopper are analyzed by an unburned combustibles measurement device and an unburned combustibles analyzing device provided at the bottom of the hopper so as to adjust a direction of injection of air through the furnace bottom air nozzle and reduce the amount of unburned combustibles.
According further to the boiler disclosed in Patent Literature 1, as illustrated in FIG. 9 of the publication, a hopper for storing ashes and unburned combustibles is provided at the bottom of the furnace. According to the boiler 1 of Patent Literature 1, ashes and unburned combustibles stored in the hopper are analyzed by an unburned combustibles measurement device and an unburned combustibles analyzing device provided at the bottom of the hopper so as to adjust a direction of injection of air through the furnace bottom air nozzle and reduce the amount of unburned combustibles.
[0010]
The unburned combustibles measurement device, the unburned combustibles analyzing device or the configuration of varying the direction of injection of the air nozzle as disclosed in Patent Literature 1 are adoptable in large-scale plants from viewpoints of both technique and costs. However, in a small apparatus, the configuration of the apparatus becomes complex and installation costs are increased. Moreover, such measurement devices and Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 variable mechanism for the nozzle require daily maintenance operations, and the running costs are also undesirably increased.
The unburned combustibles measurement device, the unburned combustibles analyzing device or the configuration of varying the direction of injection of the air nozzle as disclosed in Patent Literature 1 are adoptable in large-scale plants from viewpoints of both technique and costs. However, in a small apparatus, the configuration of the apparatus becomes complex and installation costs are increased. Moreover, such measurement devices and Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 variable mechanism for the nozzle require daily maintenance operations, and the running costs are also undesirably increased.
[0011]
In order to solve the problems mentioned above, the present invention aims at providing a combustion apparatus and a combustion method capable of efficiently ashing matter to be combusted in a combustion chamber without installing the unburned combustibles measurement device or the unburned combustibles analyzing device and without varying the direction of injection of air into the combustion chamber.
[Solution to Problem]
In order to solve the problems mentioned above, the present invention aims at providing a combustion apparatus and a combustion method capable of efficiently ashing matter to be combusted in a combustion chamber without installing the unburned combustibles measurement device or the unburned combustibles analyzing device and without varying the direction of injection of air into the combustion chamber.
[Solution to Problem]
[0012]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention is a combustion apparatus for combusting a powder fuel, including a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber comprises a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber comprises an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided to a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, the bottom portion air injection nozzle comprising openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof and ignite a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and a secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary Date Regue/Date Received 2021-08-17 burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device.
[00131 The controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner and activate the secondary burner to heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber and combust the powder fuel and activate the fuel supply device as a burner, and upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the secondary air supply device to supply an amount of secondary combustion air necessary to perform complete combustion of the flammable gas through the secondary air supply port to combust the flammable gas.
[0014]
According to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, upon performing gasification combustion of accumulated powder fuel, air is supplied through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle fixed to the primary combustion chamber to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, so that air is injected not only through the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port but also through the bottom portion air injection nozzle. Complete combustion of powder fuel can be performed by the above-mentioned configuration according to the present invention, so that analyzing of unburnt components and change of angle of primary air supply nozzle and the like become unnecessary.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 [00151 Further, according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, upon performing ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber, supply of fuel by the fuel supply device can be stopped, and supply of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle can also be stopped.
[00161 According to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, when ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber are performed, white smoke may occur in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber depending on the component of the powder fuel, and load may be applied on devices such as a cyclone dust collector and a bag filter arranged downstream of the secondary combustion chamber.
[00171 Through earnest investigation, the present inventors have discovered that regarding the occurrence of white smoke during ember combustion and ashing, the occurrence of white smoke can be prevented by stopping the supply of air through the bottom portion air injection nozzle, without adopting the method of heating the interior of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber using a stabilizing burner or a secondary burner.
Therefore, upon performing ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel inside the primary combustion chamber, if white smoke occurred in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the supply of air through the bottom portion air injection nozzle should merely be stopped.
[00181 Further according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, the controller can control the injection air supply device so as to inject air by an amount of injection capable of agitating the powder fuel either regularly or irregularly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle.
[00191 According to this control, the powder fuel is agitated by the air injected either regularly or irregularly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle, so that the powder fuel can be prevented from being fixed to the wall surface of the bottom of the furnace, and the powder fuel can be combusted efficiently.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 [00201 Further according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, the fuel supply device includes a fuel hopper through which the powder fuel is loaded, a hopper injection nozzle arranged in a vertical direction in the fuel hopper to inject air at least to a lower direction thereof, a hopper air supply device configured to supply air to the hopper injection nozzle, a fuel delivery device arranged at a lower direction of the hopper injection nozzle and delivering the powder fuel to the lower direction, a mixing pipe in which the powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower configured to supply air to the mixing pipe, and upon supplying the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber, the controller can to activate the fuel blower and also activate the fuel delivery device, mix the powder fuel and air supplied from the fuel blower in an interior of the mixing pipe and supply the powder fuel from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and activate the hopper air supply device at a predetermined timing to inject air through the hopper injection nozzle.
[00211 According to the present configuration, the powder fuel in the fuel hopper can be delivered smoothly to the fuel delivery device by the hopper air supply device, and the powder fuel can be supplied stably into the primary combustion chamber through the mixing pipe.
[00221 Further, the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention is a combustion method of combusting a powder fuel by a powder fuel combustion apparatus, including a fuel charging step, an igniting step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and an ember-ashing step, wherein the powder fuel combustion apparatus includes a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber includes a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber includes an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided to a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 the bottom portion air injection nozzle including openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof and ignite the combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, a secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device.
[00231 The controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device in the fuel charging step, heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber by the secondary burner, and after the interior of the secondary combustion chamber has reached a predetermined temperature, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner in the igniting step, supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, introduce the flammable gas to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the flammable gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the gasification combustion step, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber and combust the powder fuel to activate the fuel supply device as a burner, introduce combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the combustion gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the direct Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 combustion step, and stop supply of fuel by the fuel supply device and perform ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel remaining in the primary combustion chamber in the ember-ashing step.
[0024]
The powder fuel combustion method according to the present invention is composed of the fuel charging step, the igniting step, the gasification combustion step, the direct combustion step, and the ember-ashing step. In the gasification combustion step, air is supplied through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, so that air is injected not only through the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port but also through the bottom portion air injection nozzle. Therefore, air is injected to the powder fuel accumulated in the interior of the bottom portion that is inclined to narrow toward the lower direction, so that the powder fuel can be combusted infallibly compared to the conventional combustion method.
[00251 According to the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention, in the ember-ashing step, supply of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle can be stopped. According to this process, the occurrence of white smoke during the ember-ashing step of the powder fuel can be prevented.
[00261 According further to the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention, in the gasification combustion step and the direct combustion step, the controller can control the injection air supply device so that air is injected by an amount of injection capable of agitating the powder fuel to the bottom portion air injection nozzle either regularly or irregularly. According to this control, the powder fuel accumulated at the bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber can be agitated, so that the powder fuel can be combusted infallibly compared to the conventional combustion method.
[00271 Further according to the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention, the fuel supply device includes a fuel hopper through which the powder fuel is loaded, a hopper injection nozzle arranged in a vertical direction in the fuel hopper to inject air at least to a lower direction thereof, a hopper air supply device configured to supply air to the hopper injection nozzle, a fuel delivery device arranged at a lower direction of the hopper injection nozzle and delivering the powder fuel to the lower direction, a mixing pipe in which the Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower through which air is supplied to the mixing pipe, and in the fuel charging step and the direct combustion step, the controller can activate the fuel blower and also activate the fuel delivery device, mix the powder fuel and air supplied from the fuel blower in an interior of the mixing pipe and supply the powder fuel from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and activate the hopper air supply device at a predetermined timing to inject air through the hopper injection nozzle.
[0028]
According to the present control, during the fuel charging step and the direct combustion step, the powder fuel in the fuel hopper can be delivered smoothly to the fuel delivery device by the hopper air supply device, so that the powder fuel can be supplied stably to the primary combustion chamber from the mixing pipe.
[Advantageous Effects of Invention]
[0029]
The present invention enables to provide a combustion apparatus and a combustion method capable of realizing advantageous combustion of powder fuel such as even carbonized fuel mainly composed of recovered synthetic resin and waste plastic.
[Brief Description of Drawings]
[0030]
[FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view illustrating a power generation system including a powder fuel combustion apparatus according to a present embodiment.
[FIG. 21 FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating a fuel supply device according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment.
[FIG. 31 FIG. 3 is an explanatory view illustrating a configuration of a bottom portion of a primary combustion chamber according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment.
[Description of Embodiments]
[0031]
Next, a powder fuel combustion apparatus and a powder fuel combustion method according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGs. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view illustrating the power generation system including the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating a fuel supply device in the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 illustrating a configuration of a bottom portion of a primary combustion chamber of the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment. According to the present embodiment, powdered char that is made from waste plastic produced using the carbonized fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 is used as powder fuel.
[00321 A powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is a combustion apparatus adopted in a power generation system 2 using powder fuel F, as illustrated in FIG. 1. The power generation system 2 includes, in addition to the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1, a boiler 3, a dust collecting device 4, a power generating device 5, a smokestack 6, and a controller 7 for controlling the devices.
[00331 The powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 includes, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a fuel supply device 10, a primary combustion chamber 20, a secondary combustion chamber 50, an air supply/ash discharge device 32, and a cyclone dust collector 60. An outlet of the cyclone dust collector 60 is connected to the boiler 3.
[00341 The primary combustion chamber 20 has an overall cylindrical shape according to the present embodiment, and it is composed of a ceiling portion positioned at an upper portion thereof, a body portion 22 positioned at a lower side of the ceiling portion 21, and a bottom portion 23 positioned at a lower side of the body portion 22.
[00351 A primary exhaust port 24 through which a flammable gas or a combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is discharged is formed to the ceiling portion 21. Further, a first temperature sensor 25 for detecting the temperature of a combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided in the primary exhaust port 24. The primary exhaust port 24 can be formed on a top panel of the ceiling portion 21 as illustrated in FIG. 1, or it can be formed on a side wall thereof.
[00361 The fuel supply device 10 is connected to the body portion 22. The fuel supply device 10 includes a fuel hopper 11 through which a powder fuel F is charged, a mixing pipe 12 in which the powder fuel F and combustion air are mixed, a fuel delivery device 13 for supplying the powder fuel F charged in the fuel hopper 11 to the mixing pipe 12 by an arbitrary amount of supply, a Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 blower for fuel 14 for supplying combustion air to the mixing pipe 12, and a burner port 15 disposed at a tip portion of the mixing pipe 12.
[00371 A hopper injection nozzle 16 having a tubular shape and extending in a vertical direction is disposed in a center of the fuel hopper 11. The hopper injection nozzle 16 is a tubular shaped member having upper and lower end potions opened, and a plurality of injection ports 16a are formed on a side surface thereof through which air is injected. A lower end portion of the hopper injection nozzle 16 is disposed toward an opening portion 11a of the fuel hopper 11. Further, a hopper air supply device 18 composed of an air compressor 70, a solenoid valve for fuel 17 and an air supply pipe for fuel 16b is connected to the hopper injection nozzle 16.
[00381 The fuel delivery device 13 of the fuel supply device 10 delivers the powder fuel F by rotation of a rotary valve 13b inside a case 13a having a cylindrical shape. An amount of delivery per time of fuel is controlled by subjecting a motor not shown to inverter control and adjusting a rotational frequency of the rotary valve 13b.
[00391 An amount of air blow of the blower for fuel 14 of the fuel supply device 10 can also be adjusted by subjecting a motor not shown to inverter control. An air-fuel ratio of fuel blown out through the burner port 15 can be changed by adjusting the amount of delivery of the powder fuel F of the fuel delivery device
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention is a combustion apparatus for combusting a powder fuel, including a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber comprises a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber comprises an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided to a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, the bottom portion air injection nozzle comprising openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof and ignite a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and a secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary Date Regue/Date Received 2021-08-17 burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device.
[00131 The controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner and activate the secondary burner to heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber and combust the powder fuel and activate the fuel supply device as a burner, and upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the secondary air supply device to supply an amount of secondary combustion air necessary to perform complete combustion of the flammable gas through the secondary air supply port to combust the flammable gas.
[0014]
According to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, upon performing gasification combustion of accumulated powder fuel, air is supplied through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle fixed to the primary combustion chamber to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, so that air is injected not only through the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port but also through the bottom portion air injection nozzle. Complete combustion of powder fuel can be performed by the above-mentioned configuration according to the present invention, so that analyzing of unburnt components and change of angle of primary air supply nozzle and the like become unnecessary.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 [00151 Further, according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, upon performing ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber, supply of fuel by the fuel supply device can be stopped, and supply of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle can also be stopped.
[00161 According to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, when ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber are performed, white smoke may occur in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber depending on the component of the powder fuel, and load may be applied on devices such as a cyclone dust collector and a bag filter arranged downstream of the secondary combustion chamber.
[00171 Through earnest investigation, the present inventors have discovered that regarding the occurrence of white smoke during ember combustion and ashing, the occurrence of white smoke can be prevented by stopping the supply of air through the bottom portion air injection nozzle, without adopting the method of heating the interior of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber using a stabilizing burner or a secondary burner.
Therefore, upon performing ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel inside the primary combustion chamber, if white smoke occurred in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the supply of air through the bottom portion air injection nozzle should merely be stopped.
[00181 Further according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, the controller can control the injection air supply device so as to inject air by an amount of injection capable of agitating the powder fuel either regularly or irregularly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle.
[00191 According to this control, the powder fuel is agitated by the air injected either regularly or irregularly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle, so that the powder fuel can be prevented from being fixed to the wall surface of the bottom of the furnace, and the powder fuel can be combusted efficiently.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 [00201 Further according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, the fuel supply device includes a fuel hopper through which the powder fuel is loaded, a hopper injection nozzle arranged in a vertical direction in the fuel hopper to inject air at least to a lower direction thereof, a hopper air supply device configured to supply air to the hopper injection nozzle, a fuel delivery device arranged at a lower direction of the hopper injection nozzle and delivering the powder fuel to the lower direction, a mixing pipe in which the powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower configured to supply air to the mixing pipe, and upon supplying the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber, the controller can to activate the fuel blower and also activate the fuel delivery device, mix the powder fuel and air supplied from the fuel blower in an interior of the mixing pipe and supply the powder fuel from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and activate the hopper air supply device at a predetermined timing to inject air through the hopper injection nozzle.
[00211 According to the present configuration, the powder fuel in the fuel hopper can be delivered smoothly to the fuel delivery device by the hopper air supply device, and the powder fuel can be supplied stably into the primary combustion chamber through the mixing pipe.
[00221 Further, the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention is a combustion method of combusting a powder fuel by a powder fuel combustion apparatus, including a fuel charging step, an igniting step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and an ember-ashing step, wherein the powder fuel combustion apparatus includes a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber includes a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber includes an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided to a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 the bottom portion air injection nozzle including openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof and ignite the combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, a secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device.
[00231 The controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device in the fuel charging step, heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber by the secondary burner, and after the interior of the secondary combustion chamber has reached a predetermined temperature, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner in the igniting step, supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, introduce the flammable gas to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the flammable gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the gasification combustion step, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber and combust the powder fuel to activate the fuel supply device as a burner, introduce combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the combustion gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the direct Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 combustion step, and stop supply of fuel by the fuel supply device and perform ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel remaining in the primary combustion chamber in the ember-ashing step.
[0024]
The powder fuel combustion method according to the present invention is composed of the fuel charging step, the igniting step, the gasification combustion step, the direct combustion step, and the ember-ashing step. In the gasification combustion step, air is supplied through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, so that air is injected not only through the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port but also through the bottom portion air injection nozzle. Therefore, air is injected to the powder fuel accumulated in the interior of the bottom portion that is inclined to narrow toward the lower direction, so that the powder fuel can be combusted infallibly compared to the conventional combustion method.
[00251 According to the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention, in the ember-ashing step, supply of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle can be stopped. According to this process, the occurrence of white smoke during the ember-ashing step of the powder fuel can be prevented.
[00261 According further to the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention, in the gasification combustion step and the direct combustion step, the controller can control the injection air supply device so that air is injected by an amount of injection capable of agitating the powder fuel to the bottom portion air injection nozzle either regularly or irregularly. According to this control, the powder fuel accumulated at the bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber can be agitated, so that the powder fuel can be combusted infallibly compared to the conventional combustion method.
[00271 Further according to the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention, the fuel supply device includes a fuel hopper through which the powder fuel is loaded, a hopper injection nozzle arranged in a vertical direction in the fuel hopper to inject air at least to a lower direction thereof, a hopper air supply device configured to supply air to the hopper injection nozzle, a fuel delivery device arranged at a lower direction of the hopper injection nozzle and delivering the powder fuel to the lower direction, a mixing pipe in which the Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower through which air is supplied to the mixing pipe, and in the fuel charging step and the direct combustion step, the controller can activate the fuel blower and also activate the fuel delivery device, mix the powder fuel and air supplied from the fuel blower in an interior of the mixing pipe and supply the powder fuel from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and activate the hopper air supply device at a predetermined timing to inject air through the hopper injection nozzle.
[0028]
According to the present control, during the fuel charging step and the direct combustion step, the powder fuel in the fuel hopper can be delivered smoothly to the fuel delivery device by the hopper air supply device, so that the powder fuel can be supplied stably to the primary combustion chamber from the mixing pipe.
[Advantageous Effects of Invention]
[0029]
The present invention enables to provide a combustion apparatus and a combustion method capable of realizing advantageous combustion of powder fuel such as even carbonized fuel mainly composed of recovered synthetic resin and waste plastic.
[Brief Description of Drawings]
[0030]
[FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view illustrating a power generation system including a powder fuel combustion apparatus according to a present embodiment.
[FIG. 21 FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating a fuel supply device according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment.
[FIG. 31 FIG. 3 is an explanatory view illustrating a configuration of a bottom portion of a primary combustion chamber according to the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment.
[Description of Embodiments]
[0031]
Next, a powder fuel combustion apparatus and a powder fuel combustion method according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGs. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view illustrating the power generation system including the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating a fuel supply device in the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 illustrating a configuration of a bottom portion of a primary combustion chamber of the powder fuel combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment. According to the present embodiment, powdered char that is made from waste plastic produced using the carbonized fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 is used as powder fuel.
[00321 A powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is a combustion apparatus adopted in a power generation system 2 using powder fuel F, as illustrated in FIG. 1. The power generation system 2 includes, in addition to the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1, a boiler 3, a dust collecting device 4, a power generating device 5, a smokestack 6, and a controller 7 for controlling the devices.
[00331 The powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 includes, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a fuel supply device 10, a primary combustion chamber 20, a secondary combustion chamber 50, an air supply/ash discharge device 32, and a cyclone dust collector 60. An outlet of the cyclone dust collector 60 is connected to the boiler 3.
[00341 The primary combustion chamber 20 has an overall cylindrical shape according to the present embodiment, and it is composed of a ceiling portion positioned at an upper portion thereof, a body portion 22 positioned at a lower side of the ceiling portion 21, and a bottom portion 23 positioned at a lower side of the body portion 22.
[00351 A primary exhaust port 24 through which a flammable gas or a combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is discharged is formed to the ceiling portion 21. Further, a first temperature sensor 25 for detecting the temperature of a combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided in the primary exhaust port 24. The primary exhaust port 24 can be formed on a top panel of the ceiling portion 21 as illustrated in FIG. 1, or it can be formed on a side wall thereof.
[00361 The fuel supply device 10 is connected to the body portion 22. The fuel supply device 10 includes a fuel hopper 11 through which a powder fuel F is charged, a mixing pipe 12 in which the powder fuel F and combustion air are mixed, a fuel delivery device 13 for supplying the powder fuel F charged in the fuel hopper 11 to the mixing pipe 12 by an arbitrary amount of supply, a Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 blower for fuel 14 for supplying combustion air to the mixing pipe 12, and a burner port 15 disposed at a tip portion of the mixing pipe 12.
[00371 A hopper injection nozzle 16 having a tubular shape and extending in a vertical direction is disposed in a center of the fuel hopper 11. The hopper injection nozzle 16 is a tubular shaped member having upper and lower end potions opened, and a plurality of injection ports 16a are formed on a side surface thereof through which air is injected. A lower end portion of the hopper injection nozzle 16 is disposed toward an opening portion 11a of the fuel hopper 11. Further, a hopper air supply device 18 composed of an air compressor 70, a solenoid valve for fuel 17 and an air supply pipe for fuel 16b is connected to the hopper injection nozzle 16.
[00381 The fuel delivery device 13 of the fuel supply device 10 delivers the powder fuel F by rotation of a rotary valve 13b inside a case 13a having a cylindrical shape. An amount of delivery per time of fuel is controlled by subjecting a motor not shown to inverter control and adjusting a rotational frequency of the rotary valve 13b.
[00391 An amount of air blow of the blower for fuel 14 of the fuel supply device 10 can also be adjusted by subjecting a motor not shown to inverter control. An air-fuel ratio of fuel blown out through the burner port 15 can be changed by adjusting the amount of delivery of the powder fuel F of the fuel delivery device
13 and the amount of air blow of the blower for fuel 14.
[00401 In a state where combustion is performed in the primary combustion chamber 20 of the fuel supply device 10, when the powder fuel F and combustion air are supplied through the burner port 15 to the primary combustion chamber 20, the powder fuel F is ignited near the burner port 15, by which the burner port serves as a burner thereafter to perform combustion.
[0041]
Further, a plurality of primary air supply ports 26 for supplying primary combustion air into the primary combustion chamber 20 are provided on a peripheral wall of the body portion 22. Air is supplied to the primary air supply ports 26 from a primary air blower 27 which is a primary air supply device disposed on an outer side of the body portion 22.
[0042]
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 Further, a steam inlet port 28 and a vent gas inlet port 29 are provided on an upper position of the body portion 22. These inlet ports can be used to introduce steam and vent gas into the primary combustion chamber 20 as needed. As for steam, steam containing smell components recovered during production of fuel by a fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 and the like can be introduced. As for vent gas, gas recovered during production of fuel by the fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 can be used.
[00431 Further, the body portion 22 is provided with a stabilizing burner 30 that helps combustion inside the primary combustion chamber 20, and a stabilizing solenoid valve 30a for supplying air to the stabilizing burner 30. For example, a vent oil that has been recovered during fuel production by the fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 is used as the fuel for the stabilizing burner 30.
[0044]
An inclined portion 23a that is inclined to narrow toward the lower direction from a wall surface of the body portion 22 is formed at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20, and an ash outlet 23b is formed below the inclined portion 23a. The inclined portion 23a is provided with a plurality of bottom portion air supply ports 31 that introduce combustion air to the interior.
Air is supplied from the primary air blower 27 to the bottom portion air supply ports 31.
[00451 The bottom portion 23 is further provided with the air supply/ash discharge device 32 that is arranged in the interior of the inclined portion 23a and an ignition burner 33 that ignites the powder fuel F charged in the bottom portion 23. The fuel used in the ignition burner 33 can be kerosene or heavy oil and the like.
[00461 The air supply/ash discharge device 32 includes a bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 and an ash delivery device 35. The bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is a tubular shaped member extending in the vertical direction, and which is positioned approximately at a center of the inclined portion 23a. The bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 has its upper and lower ends opened, and a plurality of injection ports 34a through which air is injected are provided on the side surface thereof. The lower end portion of the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is arranged toward the ash outlet 23b.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 [00471 An injection air supply device 36 composed of the air compressor 70 and a bottom portion solenoid valve 37, and a bottom portion air supply pipe 38 are connected to the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34. Air for injection is supplied from the injection air supply device 36 to the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34.
[00481 The ash delivery device 35 delivers ashes by having a rotary valve 35b rotate inside a case 35a having a tubular shape. Further, a water spray nozzle 39 for injecting water into a lower portion of the case 35a is provided on the ash delivery device 35. When water is injected through the water spray nozzle 39, the ashes inside the case 35a are cooled and the ashes are gathered by water, by which the ashes fall downward without being scattered.
[00491 An ash receiver 40 is arranged below the ash outlet 23b to pool the ashes discharged through the ash outlet 23b. The ash receiver 40 is capable of being moved by a moving unit such as a forklift from the position below the ash outlet 23b to an ash recovery location.
[00501 In addition to the above, the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 is provided with a vent oil tank 71 for supplying vent oil serving as fuel to the stabilizing burner 30, a water tank 72 for supplying water to the water spray nozzle 39, and so on.
[00511 The secondary combustion chamber 50 is a combustion chamber having a cylindrical shape to which is connected the primary exhaust port 24 through which combustion gas of the primary combustion chamber 20 is introduced. A
secondary burner 51 for igniting combustion gas is provided near a connecting portion of the primary exhaust port 24. A plurality of secondary air supply ports 52 for supplying secondary combustion air for performing secondary combustion are provided to the peripheral wall of the secondary combustion chamber 50. Air is supplied to the secondary air supply ports 52 from a secondary air blower 53 serving as a secondary air supply device.
[00521 A secondary exhaust port 54 which is connected to the cyclone dust collector 60 is provided downstream of the secondary combustion chamber 50. The secondary exhaust port 54 is provided with a second temperature sensor 55 for detecting temperature of combustion gas of the secondary combustion chamber Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 50. Further, a cyclone recovery device 61 is provided below the cyclone dust collector 60.
[00531 The cyclone recovery device 61 is composed of a rotary valve 62 and a screw conveyor 63. Powder dust recovered in the cyclone dust collector 60 is once again returned to the primary combustion chamber 20 by the cyclone recovery device 61 and subjected to combustion.
[00541 The boiler 3 according to the power generation system 2 of the present embodiment is an apparatus that generates superheated vapor and saturated vapor by heat from the exhaust gas subjected to dust collection processing by the cyclone dust collector 60. According to present embodiment, the boiler 3 performs heat recovery from the exhaust gas of approximately 600 C and lowers the outlet temperature of exhaust gas to approximately 200 C.
[00551 The power generating device 5 is a device that generates electricity by rotating a turbine not shown by steam that has been generated in the boiler 3.
A generally used device is adopted as the power generating device 5. The steam generated in the boiler 3 can be utilized not only in the power generating device 5 but also in auxiliary facilities such as a heating equipment.
[00561 The dust collecting device 4 is provided downstream of the boiler 3. A bag filter and the like being widely used in general can be adopted as the dust collecting device 4. Further, a device for lowering the gas temperature and the like can be installed as needed before the bag filter. Even further, other types of dust collectors such as a centrifugal type dust collector, an electric dust collector, or a gravity type dust collector can be adopted as the dust collecting device 4. It may be possible to omit the dust collecting device 4 itself, depending on the scale of the power generation system 2 or the type of fuel being combusted.
[00571 A suction fan not shown is provided on the smokestack 6, and the exhaust gas generated in the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 is sucked to the smokestack 6 and released to the exterior. The suction fan is also driven by inverter control, and the rotational frequency thereof is controlled by signals from the controller 7.
[00581
[00401 In a state where combustion is performed in the primary combustion chamber 20 of the fuel supply device 10, when the powder fuel F and combustion air are supplied through the burner port 15 to the primary combustion chamber 20, the powder fuel F is ignited near the burner port 15, by which the burner port serves as a burner thereafter to perform combustion.
[0041]
Further, a plurality of primary air supply ports 26 for supplying primary combustion air into the primary combustion chamber 20 are provided on a peripheral wall of the body portion 22. Air is supplied to the primary air supply ports 26 from a primary air blower 27 which is a primary air supply device disposed on an outer side of the body portion 22.
[0042]
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 Further, a steam inlet port 28 and a vent gas inlet port 29 are provided on an upper position of the body portion 22. These inlet ports can be used to introduce steam and vent gas into the primary combustion chamber 20 as needed. As for steam, steam containing smell components recovered during production of fuel by a fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 and the like can be introduced. As for vent gas, gas recovered during production of fuel by the fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 can be used.
[00431 Further, the body portion 22 is provided with a stabilizing burner 30 that helps combustion inside the primary combustion chamber 20, and a stabilizing solenoid valve 30a for supplying air to the stabilizing burner 30. For example, a vent oil that has been recovered during fuel production by the fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 2 is used as the fuel for the stabilizing burner 30.
[0044]
An inclined portion 23a that is inclined to narrow toward the lower direction from a wall surface of the body portion 22 is formed at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20, and an ash outlet 23b is formed below the inclined portion 23a. The inclined portion 23a is provided with a plurality of bottom portion air supply ports 31 that introduce combustion air to the interior.
Air is supplied from the primary air blower 27 to the bottom portion air supply ports 31.
[00451 The bottom portion 23 is further provided with the air supply/ash discharge device 32 that is arranged in the interior of the inclined portion 23a and an ignition burner 33 that ignites the powder fuel F charged in the bottom portion 23. The fuel used in the ignition burner 33 can be kerosene or heavy oil and the like.
[00461 The air supply/ash discharge device 32 includes a bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 and an ash delivery device 35. The bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is a tubular shaped member extending in the vertical direction, and which is positioned approximately at a center of the inclined portion 23a. The bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 has its upper and lower ends opened, and a plurality of injection ports 34a through which air is injected are provided on the side surface thereof. The lower end portion of the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is arranged toward the ash outlet 23b.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 [00471 An injection air supply device 36 composed of the air compressor 70 and a bottom portion solenoid valve 37, and a bottom portion air supply pipe 38 are connected to the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34. Air for injection is supplied from the injection air supply device 36 to the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34.
[00481 The ash delivery device 35 delivers ashes by having a rotary valve 35b rotate inside a case 35a having a tubular shape. Further, a water spray nozzle 39 for injecting water into a lower portion of the case 35a is provided on the ash delivery device 35. When water is injected through the water spray nozzle 39, the ashes inside the case 35a are cooled and the ashes are gathered by water, by which the ashes fall downward without being scattered.
[00491 An ash receiver 40 is arranged below the ash outlet 23b to pool the ashes discharged through the ash outlet 23b. The ash receiver 40 is capable of being moved by a moving unit such as a forklift from the position below the ash outlet 23b to an ash recovery location.
[00501 In addition to the above, the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 is provided with a vent oil tank 71 for supplying vent oil serving as fuel to the stabilizing burner 30, a water tank 72 for supplying water to the water spray nozzle 39, and so on.
[00511 The secondary combustion chamber 50 is a combustion chamber having a cylindrical shape to which is connected the primary exhaust port 24 through which combustion gas of the primary combustion chamber 20 is introduced. A
secondary burner 51 for igniting combustion gas is provided near a connecting portion of the primary exhaust port 24. A plurality of secondary air supply ports 52 for supplying secondary combustion air for performing secondary combustion are provided to the peripheral wall of the secondary combustion chamber 50. Air is supplied to the secondary air supply ports 52 from a secondary air blower 53 serving as a secondary air supply device.
[00521 A secondary exhaust port 54 which is connected to the cyclone dust collector 60 is provided downstream of the secondary combustion chamber 50. The secondary exhaust port 54 is provided with a second temperature sensor 55 for detecting temperature of combustion gas of the secondary combustion chamber Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 50. Further, a cyclone recovery device 61 is provided below the cyclone dust collector 60.
[00531 The cyclone recovery device 61 is composed of a rotary valve 62 and a screw conveyor 63. Powder dust recovered in the cyclone dust collector 60 is once again returned to the primary combustion chamber 20 by the cyclone recovery device 61 and subjected to combustion.
[00541 The boiler 3 according to the power generation system 2 of the present embodiment is an apparatus that generates superheated vapor and saturated vapor by heat from the exhaust gas subjected to dust collection processing by the cyclone dust collector 60. According to present embodiment, the boiler 3 performs heat recovery from the exhaust gas of approximately 600 C and lowers the outlet temperature of exhaust gas to approximately 200 C.
[00551 The power generating device 5 is a device that generates electricity by rotating a turbine not shown by steam that has been generated in the boiler 3.
A generally used device is adopted as the power generating device 5. The steam generated in the boiler 3 can be utilized not only in the power generating device 5 but also in auxiliary facilities such as a heating equipment.
[00561 The dust collecting device 4 is provided downstream of the boiler 3. A bag filter and the like being widely used in general can be adopted as the dust collecting device 4. Further, a device for lowering the gas temperature and the like can be installed as needed before the bag filter. Even further, other types of dust collectors such as a centrifugal type dust collector, an electric dust collector, or a gravity type dust collector can be adopted as the dust collecting device 4. It may be possible to omit the dust collecting device 4 itself, depending on the scale of the power generation system 2 or the type of fuel being combusted.
[00571 A suction fan not shown is provided on the smokestack 6, and the exhaust gas generated in the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 is sucked to the smokestack 6 and released to the exterior. The suction fan is also driven by inverter control, and the rotational frequency thereof is controlled by signals from the controller 7.
[00581
14 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 The controller 7 is a so-called control panel that includes various operation switches, an indicator showing operating states of respective devices, and a computer for controlling the respective devices (all of which are not shown).
The computer of the controller 7 is equipped with a CPU, a storage device, a communication device and so on (all of which are not shown), and the storage device stores programs for executing operation of the power generation system 2 including the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
[00591 Next, a combustion method of the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. The combustion method according to the present embodiment is composed of a fuel charging step, an igniting step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and an ember-ashing step. The respective steps are executed by programs stored in the controller 7.
[00601 According to the combustion method of the present embodiment, at first, a fuel charging step is performed. In the fuel charging step, a predetermined amount of powder fuel F is accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 using the fuel supply device 10. The amount of powder fuel F is set so that approximately one-third of a capacity of the primary combustion chamber 20 is filled. The predetermined amount should preferably be approximately one-fourth to one-half of the primary combustion chamber 20 considering operating efficiency of the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1, but it can be varied arbitrarily according to the property of the powder fuel F.
[00611 In the fuel charging step, at first, the fuel supply device 10 is started in a state where the powder fuel F is charged in the fuel hopper 11 of the fuel supply device 10. The charging of the powder fuel F to the fuel hopper 11 can be controlled by the controller 7 using a conveyor, or by manually operating the conveyor or the like.
[00621 When the fuel supply device 10 is started by the controller 7, the rotary valve 13b is rotated and the powder fuel F in the fuel hopper 11 is conveyed to the lower part of the case 13a by the rotary valve 13b. In this state, air for injection is sent at a predetermined timing from the hopper air supply device 18 to the hopper injection nozzle 16 in the fuel hopper 11. Thereby, the powder Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 fuel F in the fuel hopper 11 is conveyed to the lower part of the case 13a by the rotary valve 13b without causing bridging or the like.
[00631 The timing for activating the hopper air supply device 18 can be varied arbitrarily according to the state of the powder fuel F, and for example, the hopper air supply device 18 can be activated every one to ten minutes or can be activated each time the powder fuel F is added to the fuel hopper 11.
[00641 Meanwhile, the operation of the blower for fuel 14 is also started, and air is supplied to the mixing pipe 12. The powder fuel F and the supplied air are mixed in the mixing pipe 12 and discharged frontward through the burner port
The computer of the controller 7 is equipped with a CPU, a storage device, a communication device and so on (all of which are not shown), and the storage device stores programs for executing operation of the power generation system 2 including the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
[00591 Next, a combustion method of the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. The combustion method according to the present embodiment is composed of a fuel charging step, an igniting step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and an ember-ashing step. The respective steps are executed by programs stored in the controller 7.
[00601 According to the combustion method of the present embodiment, at first, a fuel charging step is performed. In the fuel charging step, a predetermined amount of powder fuel F is accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 using the fuel supply device 10. The amount of powder fuel F is set so that approximately one-third of a capacity of the primary combustion chamber 20 is filled. The predetermined amount should preferably be approximately one-fourth to one-half of the primary combustion chamber 20 considering operating efficiency of the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1, but it can be varied arbitrarily according to the property of the powder fuel F.
[00611 In the fuel charging step, at first, the fuel supply device 10 is started in a state where the powder fuel F is charged in the fuel hopper 11 of the fuel supply device 10. The charging of the powder fuel F to the fuel hopper 11 can be controlled by the controller 7 using a conveyor, or by manually operating the conveyor or the like.
[00621 When the fuel supply device 10 is started by the controller 7, the rotary valve 13b is rotated and the powder fuel F in the fuel hopper 11 is conveyed to the lower part of the case 13a by the rotary valve 13b. In this state, air for injection is sent at a predetermined timing from the hopper air supply device 18 to the hopper injection nozzle 16 in the fuel hopper 11. Thereby, the powder Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 fuel F in the fuel hopper 11 is conveyed to the lower part of the case 13a by the rotary valve 13b without causing bridging or the like.
[00631 The timing for activating the hopper air supply device 18 can be varied arbitrarily according to the state of the powder fuel F, and for example, the hopper air supply device 18 can be activated every one to ten minutes or can be activated each time the powder fuel F is added to the fuel hopper 11.
[00641 Meanwhile, the operation of the blower for fuel 14 is also started, and air is supplied to the mixing pipe 12. The powder fuel F and the supplied air are mixed in the mixing pipe 12 and discharged frontward through the burner port
15.
[00651 In this state, the ignition burner 33 and the stabilizing burner 30 are not activated in the primary combustion chamber 20, so that the powder fuel F
discharged from the fuel supply device 10 is accumulated at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20. The operation of the fuel supply device 10 is continued until approximately one-third of the capacity of the primary combustion chamber 20 is filled, and after a predetermined amount of the powder fuel F has been supplied, the operation of the fuel supply device is stopped.
[00661 Next, according to the combustion method of the present embodiment, the igniting step is performed. In the igniting step, at first, combustion of the secondary burner 51 of the secondary combustion chamber 50 is started, and the temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is raised. After the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 50 has reached a predetermined temperature (such as 800 C), the ignition burner 33 is activated to ignite the powder fuel F accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20. In this state, if ignition of the powder fuel F accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 has been confirmed via the first temperature sensor 25, the ignition burner 33 is stopped.
[00671 Next, the gasification combustion step will be described. In the gasification combustion step, a part of the powder fuel F charged during the fuel charging step is combusted in the primary combustion chamber 20 and generates flammable gas. Primary combustion air is supplied to the primary combustion
[00651 In this state, the ignition burner 33 and the stabilizing burner 30 are not activated in the primary combustion chamber 20, so that the powder fuel F
discharged from the fuel supply device 10 is accumulated at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20. The operation of the fuel supply device 10 is continued until approximately one-third of the capacity of the primary combustion chamber 20 is filled, and after a predetermined amount of the powder fuel F has been supplied, the operation of the fuel supply device is stopped.
[00661 Next, according to the combustion method of the present embodiment, the igniting step is performed. In the igniting step, at first, combustion of the secondary burner 51 of the secondary combustion chamber 50 is started, and the temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is raised. After the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 50 has reached a predetermined temperature (such as 800 C), the ignition burner 33 is activated to ignite the powder fuel F accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20. In this state, if ignition of the powder fuel F accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 has been confirmed via the first temperature sensor 25, the ignition burner 33 is stopped.
[00671 Next, the gasification combustion step will be described. In the gasification combustion step, a part of the powder fuel F charged during the fuel charging step is combusted in the primary combustion chamber 20 and generates flammable gas. Primary combustion air is supplied to the primary combustion
16 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 chamber 20 through the primary air blower 27, the primary air supply ports 26 and the bottom portion air supply ports 31.
[00681 In the gasification combustion step, an amount of air smaller than the amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel F is supplied as the primary combustion air introduced to the primary combustion chamber 20. Therefore, in the primary combustion chamber 20, a portion of the powder fuel F is combusted and heats the surrounding powder fuel F to gradually expand the combustion range, so that flammable gas is generated from the powder fuel F.
[00691 Air is supplied intermittently to the primary combustion chamber 20 from the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 of the air supply/ash discharge device 32. Air is injected through upper and lower end portions and injection ports 34a of the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34. In this state, for example, control is performed to inject a minute amount of air for a predetermined time and to increase the amount of injection either regularly or irregularly.
Specifically, a small amount of air that will not cause wind pressure that moves the powder fuel F near the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is injected for five minutes, and once every five minutes, strong air capable of agitating the powder fuel F around the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is injected.
[00701 The injection of air is not limited to regular injection performed every five minutes, for example, and air can be injected normally at a weak wind pressure, wherein if the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the injection of air can be performed at such a strength that the powder fuel F is agitated.
By injecting air intermittently through the upper and lower opening portions of the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 and the injection ports 34a provided on the side walls thereof, the powder fuel F accumulated at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is agitated and preferable combustion is performed.
[00711 If flammable gas from the primary combustion chamber 20 is discharged into the heated secondary combustion chamber 50 during the gasification combustion step, the flammable gas is ignited by the secondary burner 51, and
[00681 In the gasification combustion step, an amount of air smaller than the amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel F is supplied as the primary combustion air introduced to the primary combustion chamber 20. Therefore, in the primary combustion chamber 20, a portion of the powder fuel F is combusted and heats the surrounding powder fuel F to gradually expand the combustion range, so that flammable gas is generated from the powder fuel F.
[00691 Air is supplied intermittently to the primary combustion chamber 20 from the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 of the air supply/ash discharge device 32. Air is injected through upper and lower end portions and injection ports 34a of the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34. In this state, for example, control is performed to inject a minute amount of air for a predetermined time and to increase the amount of injection either regularly or irregularly.
Specifically, a small amount of air that will not cause wind pressure that moves the powder fuel F near the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is injected for five minutes, and once every five minutes, strong air capable of agitating the powder fuel F around the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is injected.
[00701 The injection of air is not limited to regular injection performed every five minutes, for example, and air can be injected normally at a weak wind pressure, wherein if the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the injection of air can be performed at such a strength that the powder fuel F is agitated.
By injecting air intermittently through the upper and lower opening portions of the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 and the injection ports 34a provided on the side walls thereof, the powder fuel F accumulated at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is agitated and preferable combustion is performed.
[00711 If flammable gas from the primary combustion chamber 20 is discharged into the heated secondary combustion chamber 50 during the gasification combustion step, the flammable gas is ignited by the secondary burner 51, and
17 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 complete combustion is performed inside the secondary combustion chamber 50.
[00721 According to the present embodiment, control is performed so that the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is set to 800 C or higher, preferably 900 C or higher. The secondary burner 51 stops operating if the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor becomes equal to the predetermined temperature or higher, but even thereafter, combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is continued by the flammable gas from the primary combustion chamber 20.
[00731 In the gasification combustion step, the controller 7 performs control so that the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is approximately constant. The control of combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is performed by adjusting the amount of primary air supplied by the primary air blower 27 in a state where a constant amount of secondary air necessary for complete combustion of flammable gas is supplied from the secondary air blower 53.
[00741 Further in that state, the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 can be controlled by controlling combustion by the stabilizing burner 30. Meanwhile, even if steam is supplied from the steam inlet port 28 and vent gas is introduced through the vent gas inlet port 29, the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 can be controlled by adjusting the amount of primary air supplied by the primary air blower 27.
[00751 After complete combustion inside the secondary combustion chamber 50, the exhaust gas is discharged through the secondary exhaust port 54 and passed through the cyclone dust collector 60 to be introduced to the boiler 3. In the cyclone dust collector 60, the powder dust contained in the exhaust gas is separated and dropped to the bottom portion of the cyclone dust collector 60.
The powder dust dropped to the bottom portion is returned to the primary combustion chamber 20 by the rotary valve 62 and the screw conveyor 63 of the cyclone recovery device 61 and subjected to combustion.
[00761 The exhaust gas from which powder dust has been removed as described above has a high temperature in the secondary exhaust port 54, but it is
[00721 According to the present embodiment, control is performed so that the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is set to 800 C or higher, preferably 900 C or higher. The secondary burner 51 stops operating if the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor becomes equal to the predetermined temperature or higher, but even thereafter, combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is continued by the flammable gas from the primary combustion chamber 20.
[00731 In the gasification combustion step, the controller 7 performs control so that the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is approximately constant. The control of combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 is performed by adjusting the amount of primary air supplied by the primary air blower 27 in a state where a constant amount of secondary air necessary for complete combustion of flammable gas is supplied from the secondary air blower 53.
[00741 Further in that state, the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 can be controlled by controlling combustion by the stabilizing burner 30. Meanwhile, even if steam is supplied from the steam inlet port 28 and vent gas is introduced through the vent gas inlet port 29, the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 can be controlled by adjusting the amount of primary air supplied by the primary air blower 27.
[00751 After complete combustion inside the secondary combustion chamber 50, the exhaust gas is discharged through the secondary exhaust port 54 and passed through the cyclone dust collector 60 to be introduced to the boiler 3. In the cyclone dust collector 60, the powder dust contained in the exhaust gas is separated and dropped to the bottom portion of the cyclone dust collector 60.
The powder dust dropped to the bottom portion is returned to the primary combustion chamber 20 by the rotary valve 62 and the screw conveyor 63 of the cyclone recovery device 61 and subjected to combustion.
[00761 The exhaust gas from which powder dust has been removed as described above has a high temperature in the secondary exhaust port 54, but it is
18 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 subjected to heat exchange at the boiler 3 and the temperature thereof drops before being passed through the dust collecting device 4 and the smokestack 6 to be discharged to the outer air.
[00771 In the boiler 3. steam is generated by the heat of exhaust gas after combustion, and the steam is used to generate power in the power generating device 5. According to the present embodiment, char made from recovered plastic produced by the carbonized fuel production apparatus according to Patent Literature 2 is used as the powder fuel F. As described, according to the power generating device 5, the powder fuel F serving as fuel is made from recovered plastic, and the recovered plastic is used to generate power, so that power can be generated with extremely small environmental load.
[00781 When the gasification combustion step is continued for a predetermined time, the powder fuel F accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is gradually switched from gasification combustion to direct combustion. The switching of the combustion state is determined based on the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 and the temperature condition inside the secondary combustion chamber 50.
[00791 Specifically, in a state where the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 is either maintained or rising, the gradual switching from gasification combustion to direct combustion is detected at a timing at which the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 50 starts to drop.
According to the control performed by the controller 7, the amount of primary air supplied by the primary air blower 27 is adjusted to make the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 constant.
[00801 When combustion of powder fuel F inside the primary combustion chamber 20 advances, powder fuel F is gradually reduced, so that the controller 7 performs control to increase the rotational frequency of the primary air blower 27 to increase flammable gas. If this state is advanced, the amount of powder fuel F that has decreased in the primary combustion chamber 20 and the amount of primary air having been increased approaches an appropriate air-fuel ratio and approximates complete combustion, so that the amount of flammable gas sent into the secondary combustion chamber 50 is reduced and the temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 starts to drop.
[00771 In the boiler 3. steam is generated by the heat of exhaust gas after combustion, and the steam is used to generate power in the power generating device 5. According to the present embodiment, char made from recovered plastic produced by the carbonized fuel production apparatus according to Patent Literature 2 is used as the powder fuel F. As described, according to the power generating device 5, the powder fuel F serving as fuel is made from recovered plastic, and the recovered plastic is used to generate power, so that power can be generated with extremely small environmental load.
[00781 When the gasification combustion step is continued for a predetermined time, the powder fuel F accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is gradually switched from gasification combustion to direct combustion. The switching of the combustion state is determined based on the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 and the temperature condition inside the secondary combustion chamber 50.
[00791 Specifically, in a state where the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 is either maintained or rising, the gradual switching from gasification combustion to direct combustion is detected at a timing at which the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 50 starts to drop.
According to the control performed by the controller 7, the amount of primary air supplied by the primary air blower 27 is adjusted to make the combustion temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 constant.
[00801 When combustion of powder fuel F inside the primary combustion chamber 20 advances, powder fuel F is gradually reduced, so that the controller 7 performs control to increase the rotational frequency of the primary air blower 27 to increase flammable gas. If this state is advanced, the amount of powder fuel F that has decreased in the primary combustion chamber 20 and the amount of primary air having been increased approaches an appropriate air-fuel ratio and approximates complete combustion, so that the amount of flammable gas sent into the secondary combustion chamber 50 is reduced and the temperature inside the secondary combustion chamber 50 starts to drop.
19 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 When such drop of temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is detected, the controller 7 determines that the combustion state has switched.
[00811 According to the combustion method of the present embodiment, when the gasification combustion step ends, the procedure advances to the direct combustion step. In the direct combustion step, the powder fuel F
accumulated in the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 continues combustion by direct combustion. In this state, air is supplied through the bottom portion air supply ports 31 and air is also injected intermittently through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34.
[00821 In the direct combustion step, the powder fuel F is supplied from the fuel supply device 10. When the powder fuel F is supplied from the fuel supply device 10, the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 is in a state exceeding the ignition temperature of the powder fuel F, so that the powder fuel F injected from the burner port 15 is ignited and continuous combustion is realized. As described, in the direct combustion step, the fuel supply device 10 serves as a burner for powder fuel.
[00831 The powder fuel F injected from the fuel supply device 10 is supplied into the primary combustion chamber 20 while being combusted, wherein the combusted component is discharged as combustion gas to the secondary combustion chamber 50, and the yet-to-be-combusted portion is accumulated inside the primary combustion chamber 20 while being combusted. Further, the powder fuel F supplied into the primary combustion chamber 20 is continuously combusted by the combustion air supplied through the primary air supply ports 26 and the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34, and gradually ashed.
[00841 According to the combustion method of the present embodiment, after the direct combustion step is ended, the procedure advances to an ember-ashing step. When ending the direct combustion step, the supply of powder fuel F by the fuel supply device 10 is stopped. Thereby, combustion inside the primary combustion chamber 20 is performed only by the powder fuel F accumulated in the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20, and combustion is gradually transited from direct combustion to ember combustion, and when ember combustion is continued, the powder fuel F is gradually ashed.
[00851 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 In this state, the injection of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is stopped, and air is supplied only through the primary air supply ports and the bottom portion air supply ports 31. As described, by stopping the injection of air through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34, occurrence of white smoke of exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 50 can be prevented.
[00861 In the ember-ashing step, since combustion of powder fuel F advances to ember combustion, the remaining powder fuel F is gradually ashed, and in the end, it is almost completely ashed. The ashing of powder fuel F inside the primary combustion chamber 20 can be detected by detecting the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 by the first temperature sensor 25.
[00871 Ashes of the powder fuel F having been ashed are discharged to the exterior of the primary combustion chamber 20 by the ash delivery device 35 of the air supply/ash discharge device 32. In the ash delivery device 35, the rotary valve 35b is rotated to discharge the ashes at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 through the ash outlet 23b to the exterior. In that state, air is injected strongly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 intermittently, so that the ashes accumulated in the bottom portion 23 is discharged smoothly to the exterior.
[00881 Water is injected through the water spray nozzle 39 at the lower portion of the case 35a to the ashes discharged from the ash outlet 23b, so that the temperature of the ashes in the case 35a is lowered and ashes are gathered by water, thereby dropping down without being scattered. The ash receiver 40 is arranged below the ash outlet 23b to store the ashes discharged through the ash outlet 23b and deliver the ashes to a recovery location via a forklift and the like as needed.
[00891 As described, in the powder generation system 2 including the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention, complete combustion of the powder fuel F is performed by supplying primary air through the fixed bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 and the bottom portion air supply ports 31.
There is no need to analyze the unburned combustibles as according to Patent Literature 1, and there is also no need to vary the supply angle of primary air.
[00901 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 According further to the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention, air is injected intermittently to the powder fuel F at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 of the air supply/ash discharge device 32, so that the powder fuel F can be combusted and ashed infallibly without being accumulated at the bottom of the furnace, and discharged to the exterior of the primary combustion chamber 20. Therefore, the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present invention can combust the powder fuel F
infallibly and perform energy recovery of the power generating device 5 efficiently.
[Reference Signs List]
[0091]
1: powder fuel combustion apparatus, 2: power generation system, 3: boiler, 4: dust collecting device, 5: power generating device, 6: smokestack, 7:
controller, 10: fuel supply device, 11: fuel hopper, 11a: opening portion, 12:
mixing pipe, 13: fuel delivery device, 13a: case, 13b: rotary valve, 14:
blower for fuel, 15: burner port, 16: hopper injection nozzle, 16a: injection port, 17:
solenoid valve for fuel, 18: hopper air supply device, 20: primary combustion chamber, 21: ceiling portion, 22: body portion, 23: bottom portion, 23a:
inclined portion, 23b: ash outlet, 24: primary exhaust port, 25: first temperature sensor, 26: primary air supply port, 27: primary air blower, 28:
steam inlet port, 29: vent gas inlet port, 30: stabilizing burner, 31: bottom portion air supply port, 32: air supply/ash discharge device, 33: ignition burner, 34: bottom portion air injection nozzle, 34a: injection port, 35: ash delivery device, 35a: case, 35b: rotary valve, 36: injection air supply device, 37: bottom portion solenoid valve, 38: bottom portion air supply pipe, 39:
water spray nozzle, 40: ash receiver, 50: secondary combustion chamber, 51:
secondary burner, 52: secondary air supply port, 53: secondary air blower, 54:
secondary exhaust port, 55: second temperature sensor, 60: cyclone dust collector, 61: cyclone recovery device, 62: rotary valve, 63: screw conveyor, 70: air compressor, 71: vent oil tank, 72: water tank.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17
[00811 According to the combustion method of the present embodiment, when the gasification combustion step ends, the procedure advances to the direct combustion step. In the direct combustion step, the powder fuel F
accumulated in the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 continues combustion by direct combustion. In this state, air is supplied through the bottom portion air supply ports 31 and air is also injected intermittently through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34.
[00821 In the direct combustion step, the powder fuel F is supplied from the fuel supply device 10. When the powder fuel F is supplied from the fuel supply device 10, the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 is in a state exceeding the ignition temperature of the powder fuel F, so that the powder fuel F injected from the burner port 15 is ignited and continuous combustion is realized. As described, in the direct combustion step, the fuel supply device 10 serves as a burner for powder fuel.
[00831 The powder fuel F injected from the fuel supply device 10 is supplied into the primary combustion chamber 20 while being combusted, wherein the combusted component is discharged as combustion gas to the secondary combustion chamber 50, and the yet-to-be-combusted portion is accumulated inside the primary combustion chamber 20 while being combusted. Further, the powder fuel F supplied into the primary combustion chamber 20 is continuously combusted by the combustion air supplied through the primary air supply ports 26 and the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34, and gradually ashed.
[00841 According to the combustion method of the present embodiment, after the direct combustion step is ended, the procedure advances to an ember-ashing step. When ending the direct combustion step, the supply of powder fuel F by the fuel supply device 10 is stopped. Thereby, combustion inside the primary combustion chamber 20 is performed only by the powder fuel F accumulated in the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20, and combustion is gradually transited from direct combustion to ember combustion, and when ember combustion is continued, the powder fuel F is gradually ashed.
[00851 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 In this state, the injection of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 is stopped, and air is supplied only through the primary air supply ports and the bottom portion air supply ports 31. As described, by stopping the injection of air through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34, occurrence of white smoke of exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 50 can be prevented.
[00861 In the ember-ashing step, since combustion of powder fuel F advances to ember combustion, the remaining powder fuel F is gradually ashed, and in the end, it is almost completely ashed. The ashing of powder fuel F inside the primary combustion chamber 20 can be detected by detecting the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 by the first temperature sensor 25.
[00871 Ashes of the powder fuel F having been ashed are discharged to the exterior of the primary combustion chamber 20 by the ash delivery device 35 of the air supply/ash discharge device 32. In the ash delivery device 35, the rotary valve 35b is rotated to discharge the ashes at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 through the ash outlet 23b to the exterior. In that state, air is injected strongly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 intermittently, so that the ashes accumulated in the bottom portion 23 is discharged smoothly to the exterior.
[00881 Water is injected through the water spray nozzle 39 at the lower portion of the case 35a to the ashes discharged from the ash outlet 23b, so that the temperature of the ashes in the case 35a is lowered and ashes are gathered by water, thereby dropping down without being scattered. The ash receiver 40 is arranged below the ash outlet 23b to store the ashes discharged through the ash outlet 23b and deliver the ashes to a recovery location via a forklift and the like as needed.
[00891 As described, in the powder generation system 2 including the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention, complete combustion of the powder fuel F is performed by supplying primary air through the fixed bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 and the bottom portion air supply ports 31.
There is no need to analyze the unburned combustibles as according to Patent Literature 1, and there is also no need to vary the supply angle of primary air.
[00901 Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 According further to the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention, air is injected intermittently to the powder fuel F at the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 through the bottom portion air injection nozzle 34 of the air supply/ash discharge device 32, so that the powder fuel F can be combusted and ashed infallibly without being accumulated at the bottom of the furnace, and discharged to the exterior of the primary combustion chamber 20. Therefore, the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 according to the present invention can combust the powder fuel F
infallibly and perform energy recovery of the power generating device 5 efficiently.
[Reference Signs List]
[0091]
1: powder fuel combustion apparatus, 2: power generation system, 3: boiler, 4: dust collecting device, 5: power generating device, 6: smokestack, 7:
controller, 10: fuel supply device, 11: fuel hopper, 11a: opening portion, 12:
mixing pipe, 13: fuel delivery device, 13a: case, 13b: rotary valve, 14:
blower for fuel, 15: burner port, 16: hopper injection nozzle, 16a: injection port, 17:
solenoid valve for fuel, 18: hopper air supply device, 20: primary combustion chamber, 21: ceiling portion, 22: body portion, 23: bottom portion, 23a:
inclined portion, 23b: ash outlet, 24: primary exhaust port, 25: first temperature sensor, 26: primary air supply port, 27: primary air blower, 28:
steam inlet port, 29: vent gas inlet port, 30: stabilizing burner, 31: bottom portion air supply port, 32: air supply/ash discharge device, 33: ignition burner, 34: bottom portion air injection nozzle, 34a: injection port, 35: ash delivery device, 35a: case, 35b: rotary valve, 36: injection air supply device, 37: bottom portion solenoid valve, 38: bottom portion air supply pipe, 39:
water spray nozzle, 40: ash receiver, 50: secondary combustion chamber, 51:
secondary burner, 52: secondary air supply port, 53: secondary air blower, 54:
secondary exhaust port, 55: second temperature sensor, 60: cyclone dust collector, 61: cyclone recovery device, 62: rotary valve, 63: screw conveyor, 70: air compressor, 71: vent oil tank, 72: water tank.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17
Claims (8)
1. A combustion apparatus for combusting a powder fuel, comprising:
a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber comprises a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber comprises an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided at a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, the bottom portion air injection nozzle comprising openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof and ignite a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and a secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device, wherein the controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner and activate the secondary burner to heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air Date Regue/Date Received 2021-08-17 supply device to supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber to combust the powder fuel and activate the fuel supply device as a burner, and upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the secondary air supply device to supply an amount of secondary combustion air necessary for complete combustion of the flammable gas through the secondary air supply port to combust the flammable gas.
a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber comprises a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber comprises an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided at a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, the bottom portion air injection nozzle comprising openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof and ignite a combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and a secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device, wherein the controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner and activate the secondary burner to heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air Date Regue/Date Received 2021-08-17 supply device to supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas inside the primary combustion chamber, upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber to combust the powder fuel and activate the fuel supply device as a burner, and upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, activate the secondary air supply device to supply an amount of secondary combustion air necessary for complete combustion of the flammable gas through the secondary air supply port to combust the flammable gas.
2. The powder fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, upon performing ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber, supply of fuel by the fuel supply device is stopped, and supply of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle is also stopped.
3. The powder fuel combustion apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, wherein, upon performing gasification combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated and upon performing direct combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated, the controller is configured to control the injection air supply device so as to inject air by an amount of injection capable of agitating the powder fuel either regularly or irregularly through the bottom portion air injection nozzle.
4. The powder fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 through 3, wherein the fuel supply device comprises a fuel hopper through which the powder fuel is loaded, a hopper injection nozzle arranged in a vertical direction in the fuel hopper to inject air at least to a lower direction thereof, a hopper air Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 supply device configured to supply air to the hopper injection nozzle, a fuel delivery device arranged at a lower direction of the hopper injection nozzle and delivering the powder fuel to the lower direction, a mixing pipe in which the powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower configured to supply air to the mixing pipe, and upon supplying the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber, the controller is configured to activate the fuel blower and also activate the fuel delivery device, mix the powder fuel and air supplied from the fuel blower in an interior of the mixing pipe and supply the powder fuel from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and activate the hopper air supply device at a predetermined timing to inject air through the hopper injection nozzle.
5. A combustion method of combusting a powder fuel by a powder fuel combustion apparatus, comprising:
a fuel charging step, an igniting step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and an ember-ashing step, wherein the powder fuel combustion apparatus comprises a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber comprises a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber comprises an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided to a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, the bottom portion air injection nozzle comprising openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and a Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device, wherein the controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device in the fuel charging step, heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber by the secondary burner, and after the interior of the secondary combustion chamber has reached a predetermined temperature, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner in the igniting step, supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas in the primary combustion chamber, introduce the flammable gas to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the flammable gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the gasification combustion step, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber and perform combustion of the powder fuel to activate the fuel supply device as a burner, introduce combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the combustion gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the direct combustion step, and stop supply of fuel by the fuel supply device and perform ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel remaining in the primary combustion chamber in the ember-ashing step.
a fuel charging step, an igniting step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and an ember-ashing step, wherein the powder fuel combustion apparatus comprises a primary combustion chamber configured to combust the powder fuel in an interior thereof, and a secondary combustion chamber configured to combust a gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber, wherein the primary combustion chamber comprises a fuel supply device configured to supply the powder fuel to an interior thereof, a primary air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, and an ignition burner configured to ignite the powder fuel in an interior thereof, wherein a bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber comprises an inclined portion inclined to narrow toward a lower direction, a bottom portion air supply port configured to supply air to an interior thereof, an ash outlet provided to a lower position of the inclined portion, and a bottom portion air injection nozzle having a tubular shape and arranged in a vertical direction, the bottom portion air injection nozzle comprising openings formed on an upper end and a lower end thereof, the lower end positioned toward the ash outlet, and having air supplied to an interior thereof, wherein the secondary combustion chamber comprises a secondary burner configured to heat an interior thereof, and a secondary air supply port configured to supply combustion air to an interior thereof, a primary air supply device configured to supply air to the primary air supply port and the bottom portion air supply port, an injection air supply device configured to supply air to the bottom portion air injection nozzle, and a Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17 secondary air supply device configured to supply air to the secondary air supply port, and a controller configured to control operation of the fuel supply device, the ignition burner, the secondary burner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device, wherein the controller is configured to accumulate a predetermined amount of the powder fuel to the primary combustion chamber by the fuel supply device in the fuel charging step, heat the interior of the secondary combustion chamber by the secondary burner, and after the interior of the secondary combustion chamber has reached a predetermined temperature, ignite the powder fuel being accumulated using the ignition burner in the igniting step, supply an amount of air that is smaller than an amount of air necessary for complete combustion of the powder fuel being accumulated through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle to generate flammable gas in the primary combustion chamber, introduce the flammable gas to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the flammable gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the gasification combustion step, activate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device to supply an amount of air necessary for direct combustion of the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber through the primary air supply port, the bottom portion air supply port, and the bottom portion air injection nozzle, activate the fuel supply device to supply the powder fuel into the primary combustion chamber and perform combustion of the powder fuel to activate the fuel supply device as a burner, introduce combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, and perform complete combustion of the combustion gas by supplying air for secondary combustion through the secondary air supply port in the direct combustion step, and stop supply of fuel by the fuel supply device and perform ember combustion and ashing of the powder fuel remaining in the primary combustion chamber in the ember-ashing step.
6. The powder fuel combustion method according to claim 5, wherein, in the ember-ashing step, supply of air from the bottom portion air injection nozzle is stopped.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17
7. The powder fuel combustion method according to 5 or 6, wherein, in the gasification combustion step and the direct combustion step, the controller is configured to control the injection air supply device so that air is injected by an amount of injection capable of agitating the powder fuel to the bottom portion air injection nozzle either regularly or irregularly.
8. The powder fuel combustion method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the fuel supply device comprises a fuel hopper through which the powder fuel is loaded, a hopper injection nozzle arranged in a vertical direction in the fuel hopper to inject air at least to a lower direction thereof, a hopper air supply device configured to supply air to the hopper injection nozzle, a fuel delivery device arranged at a lower direction of the hopper injection nozzle and delivering the powder fuel to the lower direction, a mixing pipe in which the powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower configured to supply air to the mixing pipe, and in the fuel charging step and the direct combustion step, the controller is configured to activate the fuel blower and also activate the fuel delivery device, mix the powder fuel and air supplied from the fuel blower in an interior of the mixing pipe and supply the powder fuel from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and activate the hopper air supply device at a predetermined timing to inject air through the hopper injection nozzle.
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-08-17
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019-036448 | 2019-02-28 | ||
| JP2019036448A JP6989876B2 (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Powder fuel combustion device and combustion method |
| PCT/JP2020/008123 WO2020175639A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA3130559A1 true CA3130559A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
| CA3130559C CA3130559C (en) | 2024-01-16 |
Family
ID=72239626
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA3130559A Active CA3130559C (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220120441A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3933264A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6989876B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102540051B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN113544433B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112021017044A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3130559C (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI740396B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020175639A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS35592B1 (en) * | 1958-01-10 | 1960-01-30 | ||
| JPS5380836A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-07-17 | Hokkaido Sugar Co | Method of dustless combustion and combustion furnace therefor |
| JPS56916A (en) * | 1979-06-15 | 1981-01-08 | Hokkaido Togyo Kk | Method and apparatus for generating hot blast for incineration of chaff |
| DE3130813A1 (en) * | 1981-08-04 | 1983-03-24 | Imai, Takeshi, São Paulo | Device for gasifying coal, in particular charcoal |
| JPS61213406A (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1986-09-22 | Takuma Co Ltd | Steam boiler |
| JP2951493B2 (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1999-09-20 | 株式会社マルコシエンジニアリング | Dry distillation gasifier for polymer waste |
| JP3017661B2 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 2000-03-13 | 株式会社キンセイ産業 | Dry distillation gasification and incineration of waste |
| JP2957941B2 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1999-10-06 | 有限会社伊勢工業所 | Incinerator |
| JP3891958B2 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2007-03-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Combustion apparatus and method |
| JP2005291539A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Preparatory treatment of biomass fuel, mixed combustion method, and mixed combustion device |
| JP4830140B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2011-12-07 | Ｄｏｗａエコシステム株式会社 | Combustion control method and incinerator |
| JP2008139010A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-06-19 | Kokubun Nojo Kk | Combustion device |
| JP2008286451A (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-27 | Kiyomi Yoshimura | Biomass fuel combustion device |
| JP5380836B2 (en) | 2007-12-25 | 2014-01-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Recording medium heating apparatus, recording apparatus, and recording medium heating method |
| CN201262392Y (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2009-06-24 | 新疆电力科学研究院 | Anti-coking secondary air combustor of pulverized coal fired boiler |
| JP5437734B2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Combustion exhaust gas treatment equipment |
| CN201539876U (en) * | 2009-08-23 | 2010-08-04 | 宁波市镇海捷登应用技术研究所 | Combustion-supporting device of furnace |
| JP5568394B2 (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2014-08-06 | 榮 村田 | Incinerator |
| JP5774879B2 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2015-09-09 | 株式会社御池鐵工所 | Hearth structure and combustion furnace |
| JP3168444U (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-06-09 | 大沼 上 | Wood-burning stove |
| KR101220200B1 (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2013-01-09 | 류승우 | Combustion apparatus for solid fuel |
| KR101399977B1 (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-05-28 | 김상권 | Combustion apparatus with a clinker remover |
| CN103267280B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2017-03-15 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | The method that pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides is reduced using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode |
| RU2534652C1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-12-10 | Закрытое акционерное общество "ЗиО-КОТЭС" | Combustion method of cavitation carbon-water fuel from oil coke in inert material fluidised bed furnace, and scheme for its implementation |
| CN203462010U (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-03-05 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Gasification furnace for cold rolled waste mineral oil |
| JP6198572B2 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2017-09-20 | 日工株式会社 | Hot-air generator with solid fuel as the main fuel |
| CN203668319U (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-06-25 | 汪稚昊 | Biomass gasifying device |
| JP6158062B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2017-07-05 | 高圧ガス工業株式会社 | Power generation device |
| JP6526499B2 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2019-06-05 | 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション | Burner |
| JP6596351B2 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2019-10-23 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | boiler |
| CN107543146B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2020-06-23 | 荏原环境工程株式会社 | Combustion device and boiler |
| JP2019172713A (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2019-10-10 | ジェイアンドジー テクノロジーズ, エルエルシーJ&G Technologies, LLC | Device of producing carbonized fuel, and method of producing carbonized fuel |
| JP2018087656A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-07 | 有限会社長岡鉄工所 | Baking carbonization apparatus |
| JP2018179336A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-11-15 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ環境エンジニアリング | Combustion device |
| CN207196473U (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-04-06 | 郑州三众耐磨技术有限公司 | CFB boiler with the effect of certain abrasionproof |
-
2019
- 2019-02-28 JP JP2019036448A patent/JP6989876B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-27 CA CA3130559A patent/CA3130559C/en active Active
- 2020-02-27 BR BR112021017044A patent/BR112021017044A2/en unknown
- 2020-02-27 KR KR1020217030946A patent/KR102540051B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2020-02-27 US US17/310,835 patent/US20220120441A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-27 WO PCT/JP2020/008123 patent/WO2020175639A1/en unknown
- 2020-02-27 EP EP20762202.8A patent/EP3933264A4/en active Pending
- 2020-02-27 CN CN202080015239.XA patent/CN113544433B/en active Active
- 2020-02-27 TW TW109106489A patent/TWI740396B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102540051B1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
| CN113544433B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
| EP3933264A1 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
| WO2020175639A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
| US20220120441A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
| JP2020139702A (en) | 2020-09-03 |
| CN113544433A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
| TW202037847A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
| JP6989876B2 (en) | 2022-01-12 |
| CA3130559C (en) | 2024-01-16 |
| BR112021017044A2 (en) | 2021-11-16 |
| TWI740396B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
| KR20210131409A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| EP3933264A4 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101307795B1 (en) | Combustion air flow centrifugation by area using combustion device | |
| CA3130559C (en) | Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method | |
| RU81727U1 (en) | INSTALLATION FOR DIRECT GASIFICATION OF AQUAROUS SUSPENSION | |
| AU709529B2 (en) | Non-draining type human waste disposal method by pulse combustion drying | |
| KR100766137B1 (en) | Burner for pulverized fuel made from food waste | |
| JP2007145953A (en) | Fuel gas generator | |
| KR101220200B1 (en) | Combustion apparatus for solid fuel | |
| US20130036955A1 (en) | Three Stage Combustor For Low Quality Fuels | |
| KR100514663B1 (en) | Incineration And Drying Equipment Of Complex Waste Material | |
| KR20130011653A (en) | Combustion device with high efficiency and low polution using solid fuel | |
| CN206861542U (en) | It is a kind of to be easy to remove the incinerator burnt away the refuse | |
| JP4393977B2 (en) | Burner structure for burning flame retardant carbon powder and its combustion method | |
| JP3004629B1 (en) | Start control method and stop control method for partial combustion furnace, and start / stop control device | |
| JP4387213B2 (en) | Pulverized charcoal combustion apparatus and pulverized charcoal combustion method | |
| KR20010087126A (en) | An incinerator and an incineraion method using heat generated from combustion to bake and sublimate waste to produce gases using as fuel for the burning | |
| CN113623626B (en) | Low pollution combustion equipment | |
| CN214950295U (en) | Multi-functional intelligent drying system | |
| KR102492110B1 (en) | Waste plastic top-down incineration system | |
| JP3583043B2 (en) | Waste incineration method | |
| RU45177U1 (en) | Waste Incinerator | |
| JP3549805B2 (en) | Waste incineration method | |
| KR101335621B1 (en) | Combustor for the pulverized solid fuel | |
| JP2023181690A (en) | Dryer for asphalt plant | |
| KR100577100B1 (en) | Burning system of heat recycling | |
| CN112254120A (en) | Combustor with spill pushes away cinder plate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |
|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20210817 |