CA3027473C - Element chauffant - Google Patents
Element chauffant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3027473C CA3027473C CA3027473A CA3027473A CA3027473C CA 3027473 C CA3027473 C CA 3027473C CA 3027473 A CA3027473 A CA 3027473A CA 3027473 A CA3027473 A CA 3027473A CA 3027473 C CA3027473 C CA 3027473C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- conductive
- conductive particles
- heating
- polymer composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 53
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000034 Plastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002064 nanoplatelet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 25
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920002633 Kraton (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005653 propylene-ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 styrene ethylene butylene styrene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/027—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of conducting or semi-conducting material dispersed in a non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
- H05B3/565—Heating cables flat cables
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Élément chauffant autorégulateur comportant un noyau chauffant disposé entre une paire d'électrodes, le noyau chauffant comportant: un premier composite polymère conducteur comportant des premières particules conductrices dispersées dans une première matrice de polymère, les premières particules conductrices présentant un facteur de forme supérieur à 100; et un deuxième composite polymère conducteur comportant des deuxièmes particules conductrices dispersées dans une deuxième matrice de polymère, les deuxièmes particules conductrices présentant un facteur de forme compris entre 1 et 100 et une plus grande dimension supérieure à 10 µm, le premier composite polymère conducteur et le deuxième composite polymère conducteur étant disposés en série entre la paire d'électrodes.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1611397.9A GB2551789B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | Heating element |
| GB1611397.9 | 2016-06-30 | ||
| PCT/GB2017/051909 WO2018002633A1 (fr) | 2016-06-30 | 2017-06-29 | Élément chauffant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA3027473A1 CA3027473A1 (fr) | 2018-01-04 |
| CA3027473C true CA3027473C (fr) | 2020-12-15 |
Family
ID=56891269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA3027473A Active CA3027473C (fr) | 2016-06-30 | 2017-06-29 | Element chauffant |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3479651B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3027473C (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2787033T3 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2551789B (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018002633A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11650391B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2023-05-16 | Littelfuse, Inc. | PPTC heater and material having stable power and self-limiting behavior |
| WO2021175684A1 (fr) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-09-10 | Total Se | Utilisation de matériaux composites dans la fabrication de panneaux chauffants électriques, procédé de production et panneaux chauffants électriques associés |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4177376A (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1979-12-04 | Raychem Corporation | Layered self-regulating heating article |
| US4330703A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1982-05-18 | Raychem Corporation | Layered self-regulating heating article |
| GB0216932D0 (en) * | 2002-07-20 | 2002-08-28 | Heat Trace Ltd | Electrical heating cable |
| GB0428297D0 (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-01-26 | Heat Trace Ltd | Control of heating cable |
| GB0609729D0 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2006-06-28 | Heat Trace Ltd | Material and heating cable |
| EP3000282A1 (fr) * | 2013-05-21 | 2016-03-30 | Heat Trace Limited | Élément chauffant électrique |
| US10032538B2 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2018-07-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Deformable elastomeric conductors and differential electronic signal transmission |
| GB201413136D0 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-09-10 | Lmk Thermosafe Ltd | Conductive polymer composite |
-
2016
- 2016-06-30 GB GB1611397.9A patent/GB2551789B/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-06-29 EP EP17736731.5A patent/EP3479651B1/fr active Active
- 2017-06-29 CA CA3027473A patent/CA3027473C/fr active Active
- 2017-06-29 WO PCT/GB2017/051909 patent/WO2018002633A1/fr unknown
- 2017-06-29 ES ES17736731T patent/ES2787033T3/es active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201611397D0 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| EP3479651A1 (fr) | 2019-05-08 |
| GB2551789A (en) | 2018-01-03 |
| EP3479651B1 (fr) | 2020-04-22 |
| ES2787033T3 (es) | 2020-10-14 |
| GB2551789B (en) | 2021-10-20 |
| WO2018002633A1 (fr) | 2018-01-04 |
| CA3027473A1 (fr) | 2018-01-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20190129 |