CA2951934A1 - Antimicrobial compositions utilizing silver and oxygen, process for making, and method of using the same - Google Patents
Antimicrobial compositions utilizing silver and oxygen, process for making, and method of using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2951934A1 CA2951934A1 CA2951934A CA2951934A CA2951934A1 CA 2951934 A1 CA2951934 A1 CA 2951934A1 CA 2951934 A CA2951934 A CA 2951934A CA 2951934 A CA2951934 A CA 2951934A CA 2951934 A1 CA2951934 A1 CA 2951934A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- antimicrobial silver
- antimicrobial
- silver
- silver material
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 350
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 350
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 262
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 21
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 344
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 206
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims description 84
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 84
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical group [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- -1 ammonium peroxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010023244 Lactoperoxidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000045576 Lactoperoxidases Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940057428 lactoperoxidase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 40
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 31
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 24
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 16
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001974 tryptic soy broth Substances 0.000 description 11
- 108010050327 trypticase-soy broth Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003642 reactive oxygen metabolite Substances 0.000 description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 206010041925 Staphylococcal infections Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000015688 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 description 4
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006150 trypticase soy agar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N Methicillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229960003085 meticillin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 240000008886 Ceratonia siliqua Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013912 Ceratonia siliqua Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000230012 Gleditsia triacanthos Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013813 Gleditsia triacanthos Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010624 Medicago sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010034133 Pathogen resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000042324 Trifolium repens Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013540 Trifolium repens var repens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000250129 Trigonella foenum graecum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001484 Trigonella foenum graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009699 differential effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002228 disulfide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000003463 organelle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenesilver Chemical class [Ag]=S PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000001019 trigonella foenum-graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588626 Acinetobacter baumannii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000588697 Enterobacter cloacae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930186217 Glycolipid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010039918 Polylysine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001710 Polyorthoester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000293869 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607715 Serratia marcescens Species 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008614 cellular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940106189 ceramide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001783 ceramides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHYOQNUELFTYRT-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol sulfate Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 BHYOQNUELFTYRT-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940080277 cholesteryl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000260 silastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thioglycolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CS GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940046307 sodium thioglycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/18—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing inorganic materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/28—Polysaccharides or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/425—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/46—Deodorants or malodour counteractants, e.g. to inhibit the formation of ammonia or bacteria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/10—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing inorganic materials
- A61L2300/102—Metals or metal compounds, e.g. salts such as bicarbonates, carbonates, oxides, zeolites, silicates
- A61L2300/104—Silver, e.g. silver sulfadiazine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/404—Biocides, antimicrobial agents, antiseptic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/60—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a special physical form
- A61L2300/606—Coatings
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201462017350P | 2014-06-26 | 2014-06-26 | |
| US62/017,350 | 2014-06-26 | ||
| PCT/US2015/035977 WO2015200037A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2015-06-16 | Antimicrobial compositions utilizing silver and oxygen, process for making, and method of using the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2951934A1 true CA2951934A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
Family
ID=53487460
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2951934A Abandoned CA2951934A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2015-06-16 | Antimicrobial compositions utilizing silver and oxygen, process for making, and method of using the same |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170136140A1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP3160523B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2017529113A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2015280400B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2951934A1 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX2016015804A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2015200037A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170127740A1 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2017-05-11 | The Sneeve Llc | Antimicrobial Arm Sleeve |
| US10633590B2 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2020-04-28 | Dic Corporation | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device including the same |
| MX2018009575A (es) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-09-06 | Avent Inc | Sistema y metodo para conservar y suministrar un gas terapeutico a una herida. |
| WO2020040781A1 (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-02-27 | Avent, Inc. | Polymeric hydroperoxides as oxygen delivery agents |
| US20230372581A1 (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-11-23 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Nano-hyperbaric wound healing therapeutic |
| CN117447674B (zh) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-04-09 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯弹性体组合物、聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4224941A (en) | 1978-11-15 | 1980-09-30 | Stivala Oscar G | Hyperbaric treatment apparatus |
| US5928174A (en) | 1997-11-14 | 1999-07-27 | Acrymed | Wound dressing device |
| DE60028415T2 (de) | 1999-12-30 | 2007-06-06 | Acrymed, Portland | Methode und zusammensetzungen für verbesserte abgabevorrichtungen |
| US8361553B2 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2013-01-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Methods and compositions for metal nanoparticle treated surfaces |
| AU2007215443C1 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2014-06-12 | Avent, Inc. | Methods and compositions for metal nanoparticle treated surfaces |
| US20080147019A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-06-19 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Antimicrobial component system containing metallic nanoparticles and chitosan and/or its derivatives |
| WO2008151948A2 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-18 | Basf Se | Antimicrobial polyolefin and polyester compositions |
| US8075537B2 (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2011-12-13 | Oxyband Technologies, Inc. | Multiple cell therapeutic diffusion device |
| US9381269B2 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2016-07-05 | Avent, Inc. | Biosorbable wound treatment device, process for making, and method of using the same |
-
2015
- 2015-06-16 US US15/315,540 patent/US20170136140A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-06-16 CA CA2951934A patent/CA2951934A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-06-16 JP JP2016575204A patent/JP2017529113A/ja active Pending
- 2015-06-16 WO PCT/US2015/035977 patent/WO2015200037A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-06-16 AU AU2015280400A patent/AU2015280400B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-06-16 EP EP15731475.8A patent/EP3160523B1/en active Active
- 2015-06-16 MX MX2016015804A patent/MX2016015804A/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2015280400B2 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
| MX2016015804A (es) | 2017-04-25 |
| JP2017529113A (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
| AU2015280400A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
| EP3160523A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
| EP3160523B1 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
| WO2015200037A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| US20170136140A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2015280400B2 (en) | Antimicrobial compositions utilizing silver and oxygen, process for making, and method of using the same | |
| Ghobashy et al. | Radiation synthesis of pH-sensitive 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate/polyethylene oxide/ZnS nanocomposite hydrogel membrane for wound dressing application | |
| Xue et al. | CeO2 nanoparticles to promote wound healing: a systematic review | |
| Boateng et al. | Silver and silver nanoparticle‐based antimicrobial dressings | |
| EP3451829B1 (en) | Anti-microbial compositions | |
| Ma et al. | A photo-modulated nitric oxide delivering hydrogel for the accelerated healing of biofilm infected chronic wounds | |
| JP2013505904A (ja) | 銀、銅又は亜鉛が挿入されたベントナイトを備える外用の消毒軟膏剤 | |
| Ferreres et al. | Cobalt-phenolic nanoparticles-driven self-assembly of hyaluronic acid hydrogels providing a multifactorial approach for chronic wound management | |
| JP2018528947A (ja) | 抗菌剤と組み合わせた中極性油の細菌性バイオフィルムに対する相乗的抗菌活性 | |
| US20100087769A1 (en) | Biocidic medical devices, implants and wound dressings | |
| CN111068103B (zh) | 一种手术伤口用长效抑菌凝胶敷料及其制备方法 | |
| Xu et al. | Etamsylate-loaded hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized tannic acid for improved wound healing | |
| CA2692094C (en) | Antimicrobial compositions | |
| Chaudhary et al. | Smart Materials Design for Antibacterial Application | |
| RU2426525C1 (ru) | Профилактическая мазь для диабетической стопы | |
| CN202505597U (zh) | 含金属离子抗菌剂的负压治疗创面贴 | |
| KR20230060724A (ko) | 바이오 복합체 및 이의 제조방법 | |
| Zanoaga et al. | Antimicrobial Reagents as Functional Finishing for Textiles Intended for Biomedical Applications. III. Other Metals and Metallic Compounds | |
| Nešović et al. | Graphene-based poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan hydrogels with electrochemically synthesized silver nanoparticles for medical applications–a review | |
| ES2364672T3 (es) | Sustancias antimicrobianas. | |
| RU2427379C1 (ru) | Состав для профилактики и ухода за диабетической стопой | |
| Parın et al. | Antimicrobial hydrogels containing metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for wound healing | |
| HK40005577B (en) | Anti-microbial compositions | |
| HK40005577A (en) | Anti-microbial compositions |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20211123 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20211123 |