CA2906163C - Medical mr imaging with corrected t1 data in presence of elevated iron. - Google Patents

Medical mr imaging with corrected t1 data in presence of elevated iron. Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA2906163C
CA2906163C CA2906163A CA2906163A CA2906163C CA 2906163 C CA2906163 C CA 2906163C CA 2906163 A CA2906163 A CA 2906163A CA 2906163 A CA2906163 A CA 2906163A CA 2906163 C CA2906163 C CA 2906163C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
liver
extracellular fluid
iron
visceral tissue
iron content
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CA2906163A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2906163A1 (en
Inventor
Elizabeth TUNNICLIFFE
Matthew Robson
Rajarshi BANERJEE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oxford University Innovation Ltd
Original Assignee
Oxford University Innovation Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oxford University Innovation Ltd filed Critical Oxford University Innovation Ltd
Publication of CA2906163A1 publication Critical patent/CA2906163A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2906163C publication Critical patent/CA2906163C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
    • G01R33/50—NMR imaging systems based on the determination of relaxation times, e.g. T1 measurement by IR sequences; T2 measurement by multiple-echo sequences
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
    • A61B5/0044—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the heart
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14507—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14507—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood
    • A61B5/1451—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood for interstitial fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14546—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/42—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the gastrointestinal, the endocrine or the exocrine systems
    • A61B5/4222—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/42—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the gastrointestinal, the endocrine or the exocrine systems
    • A61B5/4222—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs
    • A61B5/4244—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs liver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/448—Relaxometry, i.e. quantification of relaxation times or spin density
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
    • A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
    • A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
    • A61B2576/023—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part for the heart
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10072—Tomographic images
    • G06T2207/10088—Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30048—Heart; Cardiac
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30056—Liver; Hepatic

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Endocrinology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
CA2906163A 2013-03-15 2014-03-14 Medical mr imaging with corrected t1 data in presence of elevated iron. Active CA2906163C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1304728.7 2013-03-15
GBGB1304728.7A GB201304728D0 (en) 2013-03-15 2013-03-15 Medical imaging
PCT/GB2014/050815 WO2014140635A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-03-14 Medical imaging

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2906163A1 CA2906163A1 (en) 2014-09-18
CA2906163C true CA2906163C (en) 2022-04-05

Family

ID=48226431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2906163A Active CA2906163C (en) 2013-03-15 2014-03-14 Medical mr imaging with corrected t1 data in presence of elevated iron.

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US10162031B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP2967419B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP6392256B2 (enExample)
AU (1) AU2014229726B2 (enExample)
CA (1) CA2906163C (enExample)
ES (1) ES2902982T3 (enExample)
GB (2) GB201304728D0 (enExample)
MY (1) MY170136A (enExample)
PL (1) PL2967419T3 (enExample)
PT (1) PT2967419T (enExample)
SG (1) SG11201507628WA (enExample)
WO (1) WO2014140635A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201121406D0 (en) 2011-12-13 2012-01-25 Isis Innovation Systems and methods
GB201121404D0 (en) 2011-12-13 2012-01-25 Isis Innovation Diagnosis
GB201304728D0 (en) 2013-03-15 2013-05-01 Isis Innovation Medical imaging
GB2524587A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd Method and apparatus for non-invasive detection of inflammation of a visceral organ
GB201406304D0 (en) * 2014-04-08 2014-05-21 Isis Innovation Medical imaging
ES2822201T3 (es) * 2014-06-12 2021-04-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Método de IRM para cuantificar la cantidad de hierro en tejidos utilizando difusión por imágenes de resonancia magnética
WO2018050672A1 (en) * 2016-09-13 2018-03-22 Institut National De La Sante Et De La Recherche Medicale (Inserm) Method for post-processing mri images to obtain hepatic perfusion and transport parameters
EP3535595B1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2024-01-03 Oxford University Innovation Limited Correction method for magnetic resonance t1-mapping of visceral organs in the presence of elevated iron and elevated fat levels, and in the presence of off-resonance frequencies
JP6932363B2 (ja) 2016-12-06 2021-09-08 ダルミヤン,インク. 脳障害を特定するための方法及びシステム
US10613173B2 (en) 2017-04-07 2020-04-07 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Method and magnetic resonance apparatus for generating a fat fraction-corrected T1 parameter map
DE102018209584A1 (de) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-19 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Magnetresonanz-Fingerprinting-Verfahren
EP3629048A1 (de) 2018-09-27 2020-04-01 Siemens Healthcare GmbH Niederfeld-magnetresonanz-fingerprinting
EP3845919B1 (en) * 2020-01-03 2025-04-23 Siemens Healthineers AG Method for reducing the effects of b0-inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging
US12521057B2 (en) * 2020-10-09 2026-01-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Methods and systems for assessment of liver fibrosis and steatosis
GB2603896B (en) * 2021-02-12 2024-01-10 Perspectum Ltd Method of analysing medical images

Family Cites Families (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02243134A (ja) 1989-03-17 1990-09-27 Toshiba Corp 磁気共鳴イメージング装置
US5322682A (en) 1992-08-06 1994-06-21 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for quantitatively measuring and mapping stored iron in tissue using MRI
JPH0779939A (ja) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-28 Toshiba Corp 磁気共鳴診断装置
US5908386A (en) 1995-12-14 1999-06-01 Regents Of The Universotiy Of Minnesota Fast MRI for assessment of myocardial perfusion with arrythmia insensitive magnetization preparation
US6245027B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2001-06-12 Noam Alperin Method of measuring intracranial pressure
US5993398A (en) 1998-04-10 1999-11-30 Alperin; Noam Method of measuring intracranial pressure
US6605943B1 (en) 1999-08-24 2003-08-12 Inner Vision Biometrics Pty Ltd Method of mapping proton transverse relaxation time constants or functions thereof in a target subject to localised movement using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
US7572231B2 (en) 2000-01-31 2009-08-11 Pearlman Justin D Method of and system for signal separation during multivariate physiological monitoring
US20040102692A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-05-27 General Electric Company Magnetic resonance imaging system and methods for the detection of brain iron deposits
US6798199B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2004-09-28 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. Method for synchronizing magnetic resonance imaging data to body motion
CN1973211A (zh) 2004-05-14 2007-05-30 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 涉及k-空间中心过度采样的非笛卡尔轨迹的对比度预备mri
ITPI20050053A1 (it) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-13 Cnr Consiglio Naz Delle Ricerche Apparecchiatura per la valutazione dell' accumulo marziale nel miocardio mediante elaborazione di immagini di risonanza magnetica
US7468605B2 (en) * 2006-04-25 2008-12-23 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Simultaneous chemical species separation and T2* measurement using MRI
US20080150532A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for measuring t1 relaxation
US8727998B2 (en) 2007-05-16 2014-05-20 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Portal vein pressure measurement using elastography
SE531190C2 (sv) * 2007-05-31 2009-01-13 Colloidal Resource Ab Metod, system, datoravläsbart medium och användning för magnetisk resonanstomografi
EP2271257B1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2014-03-19 BiOxyDyn Limited Imaging technique
JP5537142B2 (ja) 2009-02-05 2014-07-02 株式会社東芝 磁気共鳴イメージング装置及び磁気共鳴撮像方法
DE102009011382A1 (de) 2009-03-05 2010-09-09 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Quantifizierung der Bildgüte und zur bewegungssynchronen Erfassung einer tomografischen Schnittaufnahme eines Objektes
US20110028828A1 (en) 2009-08-01 2011-02-03 Dania Daye T1 rho magnetic resonance imaging for staging of hepatic fibrosis
DE102010001145A1 (de) 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Magnetresonanzbildgebung zum Erstellen von T1-Karten
JP5700880B2 (ja) * 2010-10-14 2015-04-15 シンセティックエムアール・エイビイ 複数の磁気共鳴物理的パラメータを脳内のミエリン含量に関連付けるための方法及び装置
ES2585329T3 (es) 2010-11-29 2016-10-05 Crown Packaging Technology, Inc. Cierre
MX2014003551A (es) 2011-09-28 2014-06-05 Koninkl Philips Nv Metodo y sistema para cuantificar grasa hepatica en humanos.
GB201121404D0 (en) * 2011-12-13 2012-01-25 Isis Innovation Diagnosis
GB201121406D0 (en) 2011-12-13 2012-01-25 Isis Innovation Systems and methods
WO2014011925A2 (en) 2012-07-11 2014-01-16 University Of Mississippi Medical Center Method for the detection and staging of liver fibrosis from image acquired data
GB201304728D0 (en) 2013-03-15 2013-05-01 Isis Innovation Medical imaging
GB2524587A (en) 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd Method and apparatus for non-invasive detection of inflammation of a visceral organ
GB201406304D0 (en) 2014-04-08 2014-05-21 Isis Innovation Medical imaging

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2967419A1 (en) 2016-01-20
JP2016513514A (ja) 2016-05-16
WO2014140635A1 (en) 2014-09-18
CA2906163A1 (en) 2014-09-18
ES2902982T3 (es) 2022-03-30
PL2967419T3 (pl) 2022-02-14
JP6392256B2 (ja) 2018-09-19
GB2513474A (en) 2014-10-29
US10162031B2 (en) 2018-12-25
AU2014229726A1 (en) 2015-09-10
PT2967419T (pt) 2022-01-20
GB201304728D0 (en) 2013-05-01
SG11201507628WA (en) 2015-10-29
HK1213459A1 (en) 2016-07-08
MY170136A (en) 2019-07-06
AU2014229726B2 (en) 2019-06-06
GB2513474B (en) 2017-11-29
EP2967419B1 (en) 2021-10-20
GB201404628D0 (en) 2014-04-30
US20160025831A1 (en) 2016-01-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2014229726B2 (en) Medical imaging
US10575771B2 (en) Multi-parametric magnetic resonance diagnosis and staging of liver disease
Tunnicliffe et al. A model for hepatic fibrosis: the competing effects of cell loss and iron on shortened modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery T1 (shMOLLI‐T1) in the liver
Higgins et al. Review of T1 mapping methods: comparative effectiveness including reproducibility issues
Raman et al. Modified look-locker inversion recovery T1 mapping indices: assessment of accuracy and reproducibility between magnetic resonance scanners
Guo et al. A three‐dimensional free‐breathing sequence for simultaneous myocardial T1 and T2 mapping
Santini et al. Simultaneous T1 and T2 quantification of the myocardium using cardiac balanced‐SSFP inversion recovery with interleaved sampling acquisition (CABIRIA)
US10228432B2 (en) Systems and methods for gated mapping of T1 values in abdominal visceral organs
Deng et al. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MR technique for liver imaging at 3.0 Tesla: an evaluation of different offset number and an after-meal and over-night-fast comparison
de Rochefort et al. In vivo quantification of contrast agent concentration using the induced magnetic field for time‐resolved arterial input function measurement with MRI
Yarnykh et al. Fast macromolecular proton fraction mapping of the human liver in vivo for quantitative assessment of hepatic fibrosis
WO2015144916A1 (en) Method and apparatus for non-invasive detection of inflammation of a visceral organ
Jochimsen et al. Whole-brain mapping of venous vessel size in humans using the hypercapnia-induced BOLD effect
Xanthis et al. Simulation-based quantification of native T1 and T2 of the myocardium using a modified MOLLI scheme and the importance of Magnetization Transfer
Dillman et al. Quantitative abdominal magnetic resonance imaging in children—special considerations
EP4285133B1 (en) Method of analysing medical images
RU2373840C1 (ru) Способ оценки объема жировой ткани в теле человека
US11187768B2 (en) Controlled excitation and saturation of magnetisation transfer systems
EP3535595B1 (en) Correction method for magnetic resonance t1-mapping of visceral organs in the presence of elevated iron and elevated fat levels, and in the presence of off-resonance frequencies
Robson et al. T1 mapping of the kidney
HK1213459B (en) A method and system for determiing a corrected value of magnetic resonance relaxometry data of a subject's visceral tissue for extracellular fluid based on a normal iron content for the visceral tissue
Ternifi et al. Improvements of liver MR imaging clinical protocols to simultaneously quantify steatosis and iron overload
Mokry et al. Diffusivity mapping of the ovaries: Variability of apparent diffusion and kurtosis variables over the menstrual cycle and influence of oral contraceptives
Kim et al. Magnetization transfer
Hormuth et al. Quantitative imaging using MRI

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request

Effective date: 20190311

MPN Maintenance fee for patent paid

Free format text: FEE DESCRIPTION TEXT: MF (PATENT, 11TH ANNIV.) - STANDARD

Year of fee payment: 11

U00 Fee paid

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-U10-U00-U101 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE REQUEST RECEIVED

Effective date: 20250311

U11 Full renewal or maintenance fee paid

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-U10-U11-U102 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE FEE PAYMENT DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20250311

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-U10-U11-U102 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE FEE PAYMENT PAID IN FULL

Effective date: 20250311

MPN Maintenance fee for patent paid

Free format text: FEE DESCRIPTION TEXT: MF (PATENT, 12TH ANNIV.) - STANDARD

Year of fee payment: 12

U00 Fee paid

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-U10-U00-U101 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE REQUEST RECEIVED

Effective date: 20260310

U11 Full renewal or maintenance fee paid

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-U10-U11-U102 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE FEE PAYMENT PAID IN FULL

Effective date: 20260310