CA2793849C - Method of increasing filler content in papermaking - Google Patents
Method of increasing filler content in papermaking Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2793849C CA2793849C CA2793849A CA2793849A CA2793849C CA 2793849 C CA2793849 C CA 2793849C CA 2793849 A CA2793849 A CA 2793849A CA 2793849 A CA2793849 A CA 2793849A CA 2793849 C CA2793849 C CA 2793849C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- flocculating agent
- filler
- strength
- paper
- strength additive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940088417 precipitated calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 23
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- -1 calcium carbonate Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHVBLSNVXDSMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C QHVBLSNVXDSMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
- D21H17/45—Nitrogen-containing groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
- D21H17/375—Poly(meth)acrylamide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/675—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/727,299 | 2010-03-19 | ||
| US12/727,299 US8647472B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2010-03-19 | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
| PCT/US2011/028917 WO2011116253A2 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2011-03-18 | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2793849A1 CA2793849A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
| CA2793849C true CA2793849C (en) | 2018-04-03 |
Family
ID=44646279
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2793849A Active CA2793849C (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2011-03-18 | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8647472B2 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP5828883B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101767460B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN103038419B (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR112012022861B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2793849C (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2011116253A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8088250B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2012-01-03 | Nalco Company | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
| US8747617B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2014-06-10 | Nalco Company | Controllable filler prefloculation using a dual polymer system |
| US9181657B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2015-11-10 | Nalco Company | Method of increasing paper strength by using natural gums and dry strength agent in the wet end |
| US9752283B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2017-09-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Anionic preflocculation of fillers used in papermaking |
| CN103422395B (zh) * | 2012-05-15 | 2016-03-02 | 纳尔科公司 | 在造纸中增强脱水、纸片湿纸幅强度和湿强度的方法 |
| US9080288B2 (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2015-07-14 | Kemira Oyj | Method for producing paper, board or the like and agglomerate |
| CA2867598A1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | Nalco Company | Controllable filler prefloculation using a dual polymer system |
| KR102220315B1 (ko) * | 2013-06-17 | 2021-02-25 | 날코 컴퍼니 | 제지시 탈수 효율을 개선시키고, 시트 습윤 웹 강도를 증가시키고, 시트 습윤 강도를 증가시키고, 충전체 체류를 증진시키는 방법 |
| CN103382315B (zh) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽省温禾木业有限公司 | 一种用于造纸的改性碳酸钙 |
| CN103397561B (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-03-23 | 中国制浆造纸研究院 | 一种提高纸张灰分含量的方法 |
| US9567708B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2017-02-14 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Wet end chemicals for dry end strength in paper |
| US9920482B2 (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2018-03-20 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Method of increasing paper strength |
| US9702086B2 (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2017-07-11 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Method of increasing paper strength using an amine containing polymer composition |
| CN105696406A (zh) | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-22 | 埃科莱布美国股份有限公司 | 一种增加纸制品灰分的造纸方法及纸制品 |
| WO2017054198A1 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-06 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Compositions and methods for treating filler in papermaking |
| US10648133B2 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2020-05-12 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Tissue dust reduction |
| CN106868925A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-20 | 芜湖市哈贝纸业有限公司 | 一种高强高填料纸张及其制备方法 |
| CN111663371B (zh) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-04-19 | 仙鹤股份有限公司 | 一种柔版印刷烟用接装原纸的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2037525A (en) | 1932-10-28 | 1936-04-14 | Stewart Gatter L | Washing appliance adapted to the blower portions of a vacuum cleaner device |
| US3235490A (en) * | 1962-07-12 | 1966-02-15 | Kerr Mc Gee Oil Ind Inc | Process for flocculating and settling solids suspended in an aqueous medium and composition for use therein |
| US3556932A (en) * | 1965-07-12 | 1971-01-19 | American Cyanamid Co | Water-soluble,ionic,glyoxylated,vinylamide,wet-strength resin and paper made therewith |
| US4181567A (en) | 1975-07-17 | 1980-01-01 | Martin Clark Riddell | Paper manufacture employing filler and acrylamide polymer conglomerates |
| GB2016498B (en) * | 1978-01-18 | 1982-08-11 | Blue Circle Ind Ltd | Compositions for use with paper-making fillers |
| JPS55163298A (en) * | 1979-06-05 | 1980-12-19 | Rei Tech Inc | Paper making method for enhancing surface strength of paper by filler pretreatment |
| JPH0314957B2 (enExample) | 1980-09-19 | 1991-02-27 | Sunden Olof | |
| FR2492425A1 (fr) * | 1980-10-21 | 1982-04-23 | Gascogne Papeteries | Procede de preparation par des techniques papetieres d'un materiau en feuille avec une retention sur machine amelioree, materiau en feuille ainsi obtenu et son application notamment dans le domaine de l'impression-ecriture, de l'emballage et des revetements |
| US4605702A (en) | 1984-06-27 | 1986-08-12 | American Cyanamid Company | Temporary wet strength resin |
| GB8531558D0 (en) * | 1985-12-21 | 1986-02-05 | Wiggins Teape Group Ltd | Loaded paper |
| US5283306A (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1994-02-01 | Nalco Chemical Company | Hydrophobic polyelectrolytes used in removing color |
| US5663313A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-09-02 | Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Human map kinase homolog |
| DE19627523C1 (de) * | 1996-07-09 | 1997-10-23 | Alpha Calcit Fuellstoff Gmbh | Verfahren zur Wiederverwertung von Füllstoffen und Streichpigmenten der Papier-, Pappe- und Kartonherstellung |
| FI103822B (fi) * | 1998-06-16 | 1999-09-30 | Valmet Corp | Menetelmä flokkisuuden optimoimiseksi |
| US6835282B2 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2004-12-28 | Grain Processing Corporation | Paper web with pre-flocculated filler incorporated therein |
| FI117716B (fi) | 2000-04-18 | 2007-01-31 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Menetelmä täyteaineen esikäsittelemiseksi, modifioitu täyteaine ja sen käyttö |
| US6733674B2 (en) | 2002-01-29 | 2004-05-11 | Ondeo Nalco Company | Method of dewatering sludge using enzymes |
| JP2004018336A (ja) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-01-22 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | 酸化チタン複合粒子の製造方法並びに填料内添紙の製造方法 |
| US7641766B2 (en) | 2004-01-26 | 2010-01-05 | Nalco Company | Method of using aldehyde-functionalized polymers to enhance paper machine dewatering |
| JP4406882B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-18 | 2010-02-03 | ハリマ化成株式会社 | 填料内添紙及びその製造方法 |
| CA2640356C (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2012-10-16 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Paper containing preaggregated filler and process for producing the same |
| JP4865593B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-27 | 2012-02-01 | 日本製紙株式会社 | オフセット印刷用中性新聞用紙 |
| JP2008248398A (ja) | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | 紙の製造方法および紙 |
| US8088250B2 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2012-01-03 | Nalco Company | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
| US8088213B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2012-01-03 | Nalco Company | Controllable filler prefloculation using a dual polymer system |
| US8172983B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2012-05-08 | Nalco Company | Controllable filler prefloculation using a dual polymer system |
-
2010
- 2010-03-19 US US12/727,299 patent/US8647472B2/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-03-18 WO PCT/US2011/028917 patent/WO2011116253A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-03-18 CN CN201180002456.6A patent/CN103038419B/zh active Active
- 2011-03-18 BR BR112012022861-7A patent/BR112012022861B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-03-18 KR KR1020127023009A patent/KR101767460B1/ko active Active
- 2011-03-18 CA CA2793849A patent/CA2793849C/en active Active
- 2011-03-18 JP JP2013500223A patent/JP5828883B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101767460B1 (ko) | 2017-08-11 |
| US8647472B2 (en) | 2014-02-11 |
| US20110226433A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
| CN103038419A (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
| BR112012022861B1 (pt) | 2021-05-11 |
| BR112012022861A2 (pt) | 2020-08-25 |
| CA2793849A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
| JP5828883B2 (ja) | 2015-12-09 |
| WO2011116253A3 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
| KR20130016206A (ko) | 2013-02-14 |
| CN103038419B (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
| JP2013522492A (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
| WO2011116253A2 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20160303 |