CA2730851C - Method and device for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon - Google Patents
Method and device for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CA2730851C CA2730851C CA2730851A CA2730851A CA2730851C CA 2730851 C CA2730851 C CA 2730851C CA 2730851 A CA2730851 A CA 2730851A CA 2730851 A CA2730851 A CA 2730851A CA 2730851 C CA2730851 C CA 2730851C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
- C01B3/363—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents characterised by the burner used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D23/00—Assemblies of two or more burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1604—Starting up the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00014—Pilot burners specially adapted for ignition of main burners in furnaces or gas turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/14—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
When gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, an aim may be to make it possible for pressure gasification to be started at high pressures with short starting times without the gas space first being rendered inert, while avoiding continuous consumption of fuel gas in the pilot or ignition burner and also protecting the ignition burners from becoming soiled when inoperative. One embodiment discloses a method wherein one gasifying burner is designed as a start-up burner, for the ignition of which there is a pilot burner, which is ignited by an electrical ignition device, wherein a combustible gas mixture comprising a fuel gas and a gas containing oxygen is ignited in the start-up burner by the pilot burner, wherein, after the start-up burner is ignited, a further gasifying burner is ignited by the start-up burner and, by changing the medium, the start-up burner is operated as one of the burners gasifying carbon-containing fuel.
Description
"Method and device for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon"
The invention is directed at a method for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon, using at least two gasification burners.
Such a method of procedure, in which multiple dust burners are ignited by a pilot burner, is shown by DE 10 2005 048 488 Al.
Other methods of procedure for ignition use so-called ignition lances, for example, as is shown by DE 32 27 155 Al, whereby passing such movable ignition aids through the firebox walls brings additional effort with it, and this leads to making such devices more expensive. Other examples are shown by EP 0 347 002 Bl, EP 0 511 479 Al, US 408,628, US 5,273,212, DD 231 962 A, or DD 241 457 A.
With regard to the state of the art, reference is furthermore made to DE 196 41 843 Al, DE 195 29 994 C2, DE 100 24003 Al, DE
100 19 198 Al, DE 734 927 A, EP 0 095 103 El, WO 2008/055829 Al, or AT 286 072 B.
A disadvantage of the known methods of procedure consists, among other things, in that the pilot burners or ignition burners
The invention is directed at a method for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon, using at least two gasification burners.
Such a method of procedure, in which multiple dust burners are ignited by a pilot burner, is shown by DE 10 2005 048 488 Al.
Other methods of procedure for ignition use so-called ignition lances, for example, as is shown by DE 32 27 155 Al, whereby passing such movable ignition aids through the firebox walls brings additional effort with it, and this leads to making such devices more expensive. Other examples are shown by EP 0 347 002 Bl, EP 0 511 479 Al, US 408,628, US 5,273,212, DD 231 962 A, or DD 241 457 A.
With regard to the state of the art, reference is furthermore made to DE 196 41 843 Al, DE 195 29 994 C2, DE 100 24003 Al, DE
100 19 198 Al, DE 734 927 A, EP 0 095 103 El, WO 2008/055829 Al, or AT 286 072 B.
A disadvantage of the known methods of procedure consists, among other things, in that the pilot burners or ignition burners
- 2 -continue to be kept in operation, and in this connection require a permanent through-flow of gas and oxygen or air, in order to prevent them from becoming plugged up by slag or the like. In this connection, it is particularly problematic to keep corresponding exit openings on the gasifier wall open at high slag flow. As has just been mentioned, the use of movable ignition lances is cost-intensive and problematic for other reasons. In this connection, access channels for gasification must be checked before introduction of the ignition burner, and usually cleaned, seals must be replaced, and more of the like, whereby this work must be carried out in the pressure-free state.
If this work must be carried out, the gasifier and the subsequent gas treatment, including H2S and COS removal, must first be relaxed and made inert, whereby the fuel gases diluted with inert gas are usually burned off by way of a flare. After ignition of the ignition burner, the pressure then has to be raised slowly, for example 0.5 bar/min, and the inert gas must be displaced by the gas produced in the gasifier, whereby once again, the displaced gas, which is mixed with fuel gas, must be burned off in the flare. This method of procedure is not only time-consuming, but rather also has a high ignition fuel
If this work must be carried out, the gasifier and the subsequent gas treatment, including H2S and COS removal, must first be relaxed and made inert, whereby the fuel gases diluted with inert gas are usually burned off by way of a flare. After ignition of the ignition burner, the pressure then has to be raised slowly, for example 0.5 bar/min, and the inert gas must be displaced by the gas produced in the gasifier, whereby once again, the displaced gas, which is mixed with fuel gas, must be burned off in the flare. This method of procedure is not only time-consuming, but rather also has a high ignition fuel
- 3 -consumption with correspondingly high emission values caused by the flare.
This is where the invention takes its start, whose task consists in allowing start of the pressure gasification with short start times at high pressures, without prior inertization of the gas space, while avoiding continuous fuel gas consumption in the pilot burner or ignition burner, whereby in the case of stationary ignition burners, these are also protected against contamination.
This t314: maybe accomplished, according to the invention, with a method of procedure of the type indicated initially, in that one of the gasification burners is configured as a start-up burner, for the ignition of which at least one pilot burner serves, which is ignited by way of an electrical ignition device, whereby a combustible gas mixture composed of a fuel gas and gas that contains oxygen is ignited by the pilot burner, in the start-up burner, whereby after ignition of the start-up burner, at least one further gasification burner is ignited by this burner, and the start-up burner is operated further as one of the gasification burners of the fuel that contains carbon, by means of a change in medium.
This is where the invention takes its start, whose task consists in allowing start of the pressure gasification with short start times at high pressures, without prior inertization of the gas space, while avoiding continuous fuel gas consumption in the pilot burner or ignition burner, whereby in the case of stationary ignition burners, these are also protected against contamination.
This t314: maybe accomplished, according to the invention, with a method of procedure of the type indicated initially, in that one of the gasification burners is configured as a start-up burner, for the ignition of which at least one pilot burner serves, which is ignited by way of an electrical ignition device, whereby a combustible gas mixture composed of a fuel gas and gas that contains oxygen is ignited by the pilot burner, in the start-up burner, whereby after ignition of the start-up burner, at least one further gasification burner is ignited by this burner, and the start-up burner is operated further as one of the gasification burners of the fuel that contains carbon, by means of a change in medium.
- 4 -By means of this ignition, which takes place in the manner of a cascade, a number of advantages may be achieved, which particularly make it possible for ignition at high pressure to be possible, and to eliminate a movable or displaceable ignition device. In this way, the need to clean the access channel of the displaceable ignition burner before every start and to renew the seal of the corresponding channel may be eliminated. This method of procedure, according to the invention, may make it possible for a plurality of gasification burners to be operated as start-up burners, with the use of a pilot burner during start-up.
A fast pressure increase before ignition of the gasification burner may be possible without inertization of the gas space, and emissions during flare burn-off during shut-down and start-up may be eliminated, to name only a few advantages.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for ignition and for operation of burners in gasification of a fuel that contains carbon, using at least two gasification burners, wherein: one of the gasification burners is configured as a start-up burner, for the ignition of which at least one pilot burner serves, which is ignited by way of an electrical ignition device, whereby a combustible gas mixture composed of a fuel gas and gas that contains oxygen is ignited by the pilot burner, in the start-up burner, whereby after ignition of the start-up burner, at least one further gasification burner is ignited by this burner, and the start-up burner is operated further as one of the gasification burners of the fuel that contains carbon, by means of a change in medium.
- 4a -According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device for carrying out the method above, wherein a pilot burner is positioned in a center of a gasification burner and is equipped with a centric nozzle head, which is surrounded by a burner pipe, which projects beyond a nozzle head in the flow direction of the fuel gas, whereby at least one electrical ignition device is provided within the burner pipe space, wherein a reduction in cross-section of the burner pipe is provided behind the ignition device in the flow direction and at least one optical flame monitoring element is assigned to the burner pipe.
In some embodiments, individual pilot burners can be ignited, thereby making it possible to use the combustible mixture produced by the corresponding gasification burners and the flame formed from it to subsequently ignite the gas/oxygen mixture
A fast pressure increase before ignition of the gasification burner may be possible without inertization of the gas space, and emissions during flare burn-off during shut-down and start-up may be eliminated, to name only a few advantages.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for ignition and for operation of burners in gasification of a fuel that contains carbon, using at least two gasification burners, wherein: one of the gasification burners is configured as a start-up burner, for the ignition of which at least one pilot burner serves, which is ignited by way of an electrical ignition device, whereby a combustible gas mixture composed of a fuel gas and gas that contains oxygen is ignited by the pilot burner, in the start-up burner, whereby after ignition of the start-up burner, at least one further gasification burner is ignited by this burner, and the start-up burner is operated further as one of the gasification burners of the fuel that contains carbon, by means of a change in medium.
- 4a -According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device for carrying out the method above, wherein a pilot burner is positioned in a center of a gasification burner and is equipped with a centric nozzle head, which is surrounded by a burner pipe, which projects beyond a nozzle head in the flow direction of the fuel gas, whereby at least one electrical ignition device is provided within the burner pipe space, wherein a reduction in cross-section of the burner pipe is provided behind the ignition device in the flow direction and at least one optical flame monitoring element is assigned to the burner pipe.
In some embodiments, individual pilot burners can be ignited, thereby making it possible to use the combustible mixture produced by the corresponding gasification burners and the flame formed from it to subsequently ignite the gas/oxygen mixture
- 5 -from other gasification burners. In this connection, the power and stability of the ignition flames are increased. These can then ignite further carbon burners, whereby the regulation and monitoring concept of the start routine is greatly simplified.
A further embodiment of the method of procedure according to the invention consists in that the pilot burner, after ignition of the start-up burner, additionally has a gas mixture applied to it that contains CO2 and/or steam and/or oxygen, if applicable also inert gas, in order to prevent it from clogging, so that the pilot burner is fully integrated into the gasification system.
It is also advantageous if the pilot burner is first ignited at =
less than 50% of the power of the gasification burner that is operated as a gas burner, and at an oxygen excess number of 0.8 to 1.2, whereby it can also be provided that to accelerate the ignition of the mixture that contains oxygen, in the gasifier, the pilot burner has a fuel excess/oxygen excess number < 0.8 applied to it.
An aid in ignition of the gasifier consists in monitoring the ignition flame of the pilot burner, whereby the flame is
A further embodiment of the method of procedure according to the invention consists in that the pilot burner, after ignition of the start-up burner, additionally has a gas mixture applied to it that contains CO2 and/or steam and/or oxygen, if applicable also inert gas, in order to prevent it from clogging, so that the pilot burner is fully integrated into the gasification system.
It is also advantageous if the pilot burner is first ignited at =
less than 50% of the power of the gasification burner that is operated as a gas burner, and at an oxygen excess number of 0.8 to 1.2, whereby it can also be provided that to accelerate the ignition of the mixture that contains oxygen, in the gasifier, the pilot burner has a fuel excess/oxygen excess number < 0.8 applied to it.
An aid in ignition of the gasifier consists in monitoring the ignition flame of the pilot burner, whereby the flame is
- 6 -monitored in such a manner that the ignition element of the pilot burner is shut off when the flame is recognized.
If the flame is monitored using an ionization flame monitor, the ignition element of the pilot burner can be used as a corresponding electrode, as one embodiment of the invention also provides.
According to one enbooliment of the invention, an optical flare mnitorcanbe used, or the change in the electrical resistance of the ignition element can be used to recognize the flame.
In one embodiment, the task fornalated above is accomplished with a device, in that the pilot burner is equipped with a centric nozzle head, which is surrounded by a burner pipe, which projects beyond the nozzle head in the flow direction of the fuel gas, whereby at least one electrical ignition device is provided within the burner pipe space, and a reduction in cross-section of the burner pipe is provided in the flow direction behind it.
With this embodiment, it is possible to use an electrically heated ceramic glow element, for example. The reduction in cross-section in the burner pipe ensures a production of spin in the nozzle region, so that hot gas is passed back into the surroundings of the nozzle orifice, and the colder mixture of
If the flame is monitored using an ionization flame monitor, the ignition element of the pilot burner can be used as a corresponding electrode, as one embodiment of the invention also provides.
According to one enbooliment of the invention, an optical flare mnitorcanbe used, or the change in the electrical resistance of the ignition element can be used to recognize the flame.
In one embodiment, the task fornalated above is accomplished with a device, in that the pilot burner is equipped with a centric nozzle head, which is surrounded by a burner pipe, which projects beyond the nozzle head in the flow direction of the fuel gas, whereby at least one electrical ignition device is provided within the burner pipe space, and a reduction in cross-section of the burner pipe is provided in the flow direction behind it.
With this embodiment, it is possible to use an electrically heated ceramic glow element, for example. The reduction in cross-section in the burner pipe ensures a production of spin in the nozzle region, so that hot gas is passed back into the surroundings of the nozzle orifice, and the colder mixture of
- 7 -freshly supplied gases is ignited, and, in addition, a higher turbulence level can be set in order to bring about simple ignition. In this way, the flame can be stabilized by means of the corresponding constrictions.
As was already mentioned further above, it is important to monitor the nem of the pilot burner, whereby according to one embodiment of the invention, at least one flame monitoring element is assigned to the burner pipe, for example an optical flame monitoring device with a fiberglass line to a corresponding electronic component.
As will be described further below, the burner according to one embodiment of the invention has ring-shaped channels, whereby gas that contains oxygen is fed in through the first ring-shaped channel of the start-up burner, both during the ignition process and during normal operation, in such a manner that the orifice of the pilot burner is surrounded by a clean gas. If the pilot burner has a gas mixture applied to it after ignition, in order to prevent it from becoming clogged, this has the advantage that the fuel excess can react with the oxygen from the first ring channel.
Further characteristics, details, and advantages of embodiments of the invention are evident from the following description and using the drawing. This shows, in
As was already mentioned further above, it is important to monitor the nem of the pilot burner, whereby according to one embodiment of the invention, at least one flame monitoring element is assigned to the burner pipe, for example an optical flame monitoring device with a fiberglass line to a corresponding electronic component.
As will be described further below, the burner according to one embodiment of the invention has ring-shaped channels, whereby gas that contains oxygen is fed in through the first ring-shaped channel of the start-up burner, both during the ignition process and during normal operation, in such a manner that the orifice of the pilot burner is surrounded by a clean gas. If the pilot burner has a gas mixture applied to it after ignition, in order to prevent it from becoming clogged, this has the advantage that the fuel excess can react with the oxygen from the first ring channel.
Further characteristics, details, and advantages of embodiments of the invention are evident from the following description and using the drawing. This shows, in
- 8 -Fig. 1 a section through a pilot burner according to one embodiment of the invention, in a simplified representation, Fig. 2 a top view of the pilot burner according to the arrow II in Fig. 1, and in Fig. 3 a gasification burner with a centrally integrated pilot burner.
The device for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon, designated in general with 1, is essentially formed by a pilot burner, represented schematically and in simplified manner in Fig. 1, and designated with 2, which burner has a fuel gas nozzle 3 to which the corresponding fuel gas is supplied at 4, whereby the fuel gas nozzle 3 is equipped with an air feed 5 that surrounds the fuel gas nozzle 3 concentrically. In the flow direction of an ignition flame, not shown in the figures, the nozzle head designated with 6 is surrounded by a burner pipe 7.
As can be seen in Fig. 1, an electrical ignition element, for example a glow element 9, which is connected with a corresponding power source by way of an electrical line 10, for
The device for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon, designated in general with 1, is essentially formed by a pilot burner, represented schematically and in simplified manner in Fig. 1, and designated with 2, which burner has a fuel gas nozzle 3 to which the corresponding fuel gas is supplied at 4, whereby the fuel gas nozzle 3 is equipped with an air feed 5 that surrounds the fuel gas nozzle 3 concentrically. In the flow direction of an ignition flame, not shown in the figures, the nozzle head designated with 6 is surrounded by a burner pipe 7.
As can be seen in Fig. 1, an electrical ignition element, for example a glow element 9, which is connected with a corresponding power source by way of an electrical line 10, for
- 9 -igniting the fuel gas/air mixture, projects into the pipe space 8 formed by the burner pipe 7. In order to produce stable flames and optimal burner behavior, a constriction, indicated in general with 11, projects into the space formed by the burner pipe 7, in the orientation of the flame that is formed, in order to thereby bring about swirling or circulation of the gas, as indicated with an oval circle 12 in Fig. 1, with a broken line.
The pilot burner 2 is preferably situated in the central channel of the gasification burner, and is thereby protected from dirt by means of the gas that flows out through the inner ring channel. In addition, the central pilot burner channel can be flushed by means of a gas.
In addition, as is evident from Fig. 2, an optical flame monitoring element 13 can also be provided on the burner head 6, which element is surrounded by a protective pipe 14. In this connection, the sudden constriction 11 is not shown separately in Fig. 2, so that the elements 5 and 13 can be shown.
From Fig. 3, it is evident that the pilot burner 2 can represent an integral component of a gasification burner, indicated in general with 15, whereby the individual ring spaces and feed spaces of the gasification burner are reproduced in simplified
The pilot burner 2 is preferably situated in the central channel of the gasification burner, and is thereby protected from dirt by means of the gas that flows out through the inner ring channel. In addition, the central pilot burner channel can be flushed by means of a gas.
In addition, as is evident from Fig. 2, an optical flame monitoring element 13 can also be provided on the burner head 6, which element is surrounded by a protective pipe 14. In this connection, the sudden constriction 11 is not shown separately in Fig. 2, so that the elements 5 and 13 can be shown.
From Fig. 3, it is evident that the pilot burner 2 can represent an integral component of a gasification burner, indicated in general with 15, whereby the individual ring spaces and feed spaces of the gasification burner are reproduced in simplified
- 10 -manner here. This gasification burner 15 can be operated as a start-up burner, as has been described above.
In Fig. 3, the ring space or ring channel for primary oxygen is indicated with 16; 17 indicates the ring channel for the fuel, for example a gas or a dust suspension, 18 designates the ring channel for the secondary oxygen, and 19 designates the ring channel for inert or low-oxygen gas, for example N2, CO2, steam, or steam + 02. Finally, in Fig. 3, 20 also designates the outer pipe of the gasification burner, 21 designates the orifice of the gasification burner, and 22 designates the orifice of the pilot burner.
Example for an advantageous media change in the pilot burner and the adjacent channels of the gasification burner.
Channel Ignition Normal operation process 4 Fuel gas No gas or a gasification medium or an inert gas Gas that - No gas, if the burner is directed contains downward, for example oxygen - advantageously, a gasification medium
In Fig. 3, the ring space or ring channel for primary oxygen is indicated with 16; 17 indicates the ring channel for the fuel, for example a gas or a dust suspension, 18 designates the ring channel for the secondary oxygen, and 19 designates the ring channel for inert or low-oxygen gas, for example N2, CO2, steam, or steam + 02. Finally, in Fig. 3, 20 also designates the outer pipe of the gasification burner, 21 designates the orifice of the gasification burner, and 22 designates the orifice of the pilot burner.
Example for an advantageous media change in the pilot burner and the adjacent channels of the gasification burner.
Channel Ignition Normal operation process 4 Fuel gas No gas or a gasification medium or an inert gas Gas that - No gas, if the burner is directed contains downward, for example oxygen - advantageously, a gasification medium
- 11 -that contains either 02 and/or 002 or steam - or a fuel gas that was supposed to be broken down in the gasifier 16 Gas that Gas that contains oxygen contains oxygen 17 Fuel gas Pneumatically conveyed fuel 18 Gas that Gas that contains oxygen contains oxygen There is also the possibility of having inert gas flow through the ring channels 16 to 19 to flush the channel, in each instance. In this way, for example, inert gas can flow through the channe116, and thus prevent contamination in the region of the orifice of the pilot burner 22.
The size of the back-flow region 12 oval/circle can be influenced by means of the L/D ratio.
A monitoring element 13 for flame monitoring can be a lens system that has flushing air applied to it to prevent contamination, or also for cooling. This system can be
The size of the back-flow region 12 oval/circle can be influenced by means of the L/D ratio.
A monitoring element 13 for flame monitoring can be a lens system that has flushing air applied to it to prevent contamination, or also for cooling. This system can be
- 12 -surrounded with a protective pipe (Fig. 2, 14 protective pipe).
A monitoring element can also be implemented by means of a suitable light guide system.
The monitoring element can be integrated parallel to the nozzle channel of the fuel gas line.
Another implementation possibility exists in such a manner that this monitoring element is integrated centrally within the fuel gas feed channel, so that flame monitoring takes place through the nozzle channel.
The monitoring element can recognize the flame of the pilot burner, for one thing, and, in the event that the pilot burner is shut off, can also be used to recognize a flame of the carbon burner, operated as a gas burner, by means of using the signal.
In this connection, the method of effect of the device according to one embodiment of the invention is the following:
Fuel gas and the air required for combustion are supplied to the pilot burner 2 or the central nozzle 3. This gas mixture flows into the interior of the burner pipe 7, designated as 8, into which the electrical ignition element, for example a glow
A monitoring element can also be implemented by means of a suitable light guide system.
The monitoring element can be integrated parallel to the nozzle channel of the fuel gas line.
Another implementation possibility exists in such a manner that this monitoring element is integrated centrally within the fuel gas feed channel, so that flame monitoring takes place through the nozzle channel.
The monitoring element can recognize the flame of the pilot burner, for one thing, and, in the event that the pilot burner is shut off, can also be used to recognize a flame of the carbon burner, operated as a gas burner, by means of using the signal.
In this connection, the method of effect of the device according to one embodiment of the invention is the following:
Fuel gas and the air required for combustion are supplied to the pilot burner 2 or the central nozzle 3. This gas mixture flows into the interior of the burner pipe 7, designated as 8, into which the electrical ignition element, for example a glow
- 13 -element, designated as 9, projects, whereby the position of such a glow element is determined in such a manner that optimal ignition of the fuel/air mixture is guaranteed. This can be a location through which there is weak flow, for example, at which back-flow of the fuel gas/oxygen mixture takes place before ignition, or of the hot waste gas after ignition.
Not shown is the possibility that multiple glow elements 9 can be provided, which, as already mentioned above, can also be used to measure the ionization stream.
The burner pipe 7 can stabilize the flame within the pipe with a sudden constriction 11, whereby part of the hot waste gases are deflected by means of the constriction, and the circulation 12 is reinforced. As a result, the fresh, cold mixture of the supplied gases is reliably heated above the ignition temperature with the circulating hot waste gases. The flame penetrates from the burner pipe 7 into the gasification space, and there then ignites a combustible gas mixture of fuel gas and oxidation media, which flow out of the ring channels 16 to 19 of the gasification burner during the ignition phase. After the gasification burners have been ignited, gasification media such .as CO2, steam, or mixtures with oxygen can be passed to the combustion space not only by way of the fuel gas feed line of
Not shown is the possibility that multiple glow elements 9 can be provided, which, as already mentioned above, can also be used to measure the ionization stream.
The burner pipe 7 can stabilize the flame within the pipe with a sudden constriction 11, whereby part of the hot waste gases are deflected by means of the constriction, and the circulation 12 is reinforced. As a result, the fresh, cold mixture of the supplied gases is reliably heated above the ignition temperature with the circulating hot waste gases. The flame penetrates from the burner pipe 7 into the gasification space, and there then ignites a combustible gas mixture of fuel gas and oxidation media, which flow out of the ring channels 16 to 19 of the gasification burner during the ignition phase. After the gasification burners have been ignited, gasification media such .as CO2, steam, or mixtures with oxygen can be passed to the combustion space not only by way of the fuel gas feed line of
- 14 -the pilot burner 4, but also by way of the air feed line 5, thereby ensuring that no dust deposits or caking form in the pilot burner.
=
Of course, the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments that are shown. Further embodiments are possible without departing from the basic idea. For example, alternative injection of the corresponding media into the pilot burner can be modified and adapted to the cases of use, in each instance, the pilot burner can be operated at a fuel gas excess, the combustion media in the pilot burner can be formed by air or oxygen with nitrogen or CO2 or with steam, in order to avoid soot formation at sub-stoichiometric combustion, for example, but the air can also be enriched with oxygen, the oxygen feed can be supplied with and without spin, and the like.
=
Of course, the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments that are shown. Further embodiments are possible without departing from the basic idea. For example, alternative injection of the corresponding media into the pilot burner can be modified and adapted to the cases of use, in each instance, the pilot burner can be operated at a fuel gas excess, the combustion media in the pilot burner can be formed by air or oxygen with nitrogen or CO2 or with steam, in order to avoid soot formation at sub-stoichiometric combustion, for example, but the air can also be enriched with oxygen, the oxygen feed can be supplied with and without spin, and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A method for ignition and for operation of burners in gasification of a fuel that contains carbon, using at least two gasification burners, wherein:
- one of the gasification burners is configured as a start-up burner, - for the ignition of which at least one pilot burner serves, - which is ignited by way of an electrical ignition device, - whereby a combustible gas mixture composed of a fuel gas and gas that contains oxygen is ignited by the pilot burner, in the start-up burner, - whereby after ignition of the start-up burner, at least one further gasification burner is ignited by this burner, and - the start-up burner is operated further as one of the gasification burners of the fuel that contains carbon, by means of a change in medium.
- one of the gasification burners is configured as a start-up burner, - for the ignition of which at least one pilot burner serves, - which is ignited by way of an electrical ignition device, - whereby a combustible gas mixture composed of a fuel gas and gas that contains oxygen is ignited by the pilot burner, in the start-up burner, - whereby after ignition of the start-up burner, at least one further gasification burner is ignited by this burner, and - the start-up burner is operated further as one of the gasification burners of the fuel that contains carbon, by means of a change in medium.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after ignition of the start-up burner, the pilot burner has a gas mixture applied to it that contains at least one of CO2, steam, and oxygen, and participates in the gasification reactions, to prevent clogging.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pilot burner is first ignited at less than 50% of the power of the gasification burner being operated as a gas burner, and at an oxygen excess number of 0.8 to 1.2.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in order to accelerate ignition of the mixture that contains oxygen in the gasifier, the pilot burner has a fuel excess/oxygen excess number < 0.8 applied to it.
5. The method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein the flame of the pilot burner is monitored and the ignition element of the pilot burner is shut off when the flame is recognized.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an ionization flame monitor is used to monitor the flame of the pilot burner, whereby the ignition element is used as an electrode.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein an optical flame monitor is used, whereby the optical signal is passed to a detector by way of a lens and a light guide.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the change in the electrical resistance of the ignition element is used to monitor the flame of the pilot burner.
9. A device for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a pilot burner is positioned in a center of a gasification burner and is equipped with a centric nozzle head, which is surrounded by a burner pipe, which projects beyond a nozzle head in the flow direction of the fuel gas, whereby at least one electrical ignition device is provided within the burner pipe space, wherein a reduction in cross-section of the burner pipe is provided behind the ignition device in the flow direction and at least one optical flame monitoring element is assigned to the burner pipe.
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the centric nozzle head is surrounded by a ring space that brings about air or oxygen feed, in a known manner, to feed in the fuel gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008033096.5 | 2008-07-15 | ||
| DE102008033096A DE102008033096A1 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2008-07-15 | Method and device for igniting and operating burners in the gasification of carbonaceous fuels |
| PCT/EP2009/004894 WO2010006723A2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2009-07-07 | Method and device for igniting and operating burners when gasifying carbon-containing fuels |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2730851A1 CA2730851A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| CA2730851C true CA2730851C (en) | 2016-11-22 |
Family
ID=41376369
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2730851A Active CA2730851C (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2009-07-07 | Method and device for ignition and for operation of burners in the gasification of fuels that contain carbon |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110183275A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2313687B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101574367B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102187155B (en) |
| AP (1) | AP3407A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2009270530B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2730851C (en) |
| CU (1) | CU23862B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102008033096A1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1159227A1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ589811A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2533275C2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI454645B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA103331C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010006723A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201101159B (en) |
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| US9017064B2 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2015-04-28 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Utilizing a diluent to lower combustion instabilities in a gas turbine engine |
| CN102408919A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-04-11 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Combustion nozzle combination device of multi-channel coal water slurry gasification furnace |
| DE102012016086A1 (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-20 | Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh | Apparatus and method for injecting oxygen into a pressure-charged fluidized bed gasification |
| DE102012216898B4 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2019-05-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasification reactor with intermittent pilot burner operation |
| CH707316A1 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-13 | Lianpeng Jing | Soot generator. |
| DE102013017367A1 (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-23 | Brinkmann Industrielle Feuerungssysteme Gmbh | Burner lance and method for operating a burner lance for industrial thermal processes |
| DE102013111504B4 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2017-12-07 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh | Method for igniting a power plant burner and suitable pulverized coal burner |
| DE102014211755B4 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2017-12-14 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Gasifier head for the partial oxidation of gaseous and liquid gasification substances |
| US11473774B2 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2022-10-18 | Clearsign Technologies Corporation | Methods of upgrading a conventional combustion system to include a perforated flame holder |
| WO2016192833A1 (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process burner and method for operating a reactor with a process burner |
| CN105091569B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2018-01-09 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | The combustion heat supplying method and device of middle low-temperature reduction rotary kiln |
| KR101866368B1 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-12 | 고등기술연구원연구조합 | Metal Seat Ball Valve Scattering Shipment Particles |
| CN108728168A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-11-02 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasification burner |
| DE102019211177A1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-01-28 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Device and method for the automatable start-up of a steam reformer arrangement in the normal operating state as well as use and control / regulating device as well as computer program product |
| CN111780158A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-16 | 天津金宏达科技有限公司 | Formula ignition equipment is prevent wind to automatically regulated that suitability is strong |
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2008
- 2008-07-15 DE DE102008033096A patent/DE102008033096A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-06-03 TW TW098118304A patent/TWI454645B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-07-07 NZ NZ589811A patent/NZ589811A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-07-07 AP AP2011005569A patent/AP3407A/en active
- 2009-07-07 RU RU2011105057/06A patent/RU2533275C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-07-07 CA CA2730851A patent/CA2730851C/en active Active
- 2009-07-07 EP EP09776997.0A patent/EP2313687B1/en active Active
- 2009-07-07 KR KR1020107029177A patent/KR101574367B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-07-07 WO PCT/EP2009/004894 patent/WO2010006723A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-07-07 AU AU2009270530A patent/AU2009270530B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-07 CN CN200980127371.3A patent/CN102187155B/en active Active
- 2009-07-07 US US12/737,414 patent/US20110183275A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-07-07 UA UAA201101433A patent/UA103331C2/en unknown
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- 2011-01-17 CU CU20110010A patent/CU23862B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-02-14 ZA ZA2011/01159A patent/ZA201101159B/en unknown
- 2011-12-22 HK HK11113832.2A patent/HK1159227A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| WO2010006723A3 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
| UA103331C2 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
| RU2011105057A (en) | 2012-08-20 |
| CA2730851A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| CN102187155A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| AU2009270530A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| HK1159227A1 (en) | 2012-07-27 |
| TWI454645B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
| KR20110052545A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
| WO2010006723A2 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| RU2533275C2 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
| EP2313687B1 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
| AP3407A (en) | 2015-08-31 |
| KR101574367B1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
| DE102008033096A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
| TW201007094A (en) | 2010-02-16 |
| NZ589811A (en) | 2012-08-31 |
| ZA201101159B (en) | 2011-10-26 |
| AU2009270530B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| AP2011005569A0 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
| CN102187155B (en) | 2014-09-24 |
| US20110183275A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
| CU23862B1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
| EP2313687A2 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
| CU20110010A7 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
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