CA2640019A1 - Magnetic separation apparatus - Google Patents
Magnetic separation apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2640019A1 CA2640019A1 CA 2640019 CA2640019A CA2640019A1 CA 2640019 A1 CA2640019 A1 CA 2640019A1 CA 2640019 CA2640019 CA 2640019 CA 2640019 A CA2640019 A CA 2640019A CA 2640019 A1 CA2640019 A1 CA 2640019A1
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- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- magnetic disks
- raw water
- flocks
- separation tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
- B03C1/14—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with non-movable magnets
- B03C1/145—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with non-movable magnets with rotating annular or disc-shaped material carriers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
- B03C1/286—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the inner circumference of a recipient, e.g. magnetic drain bolt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/481—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields using permanent magnets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/18—Magnetic separation whereby the particles are suspended in a liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
In a magnetic separation apparatus, plurality of magnetic disks are arranged so that they are substantially half sunk in the raw water in a separation tank.
Raw water is fed from a water inlet provided in the lower end of the separation tank to the separation tank as an upward flow. Flow dividing members are provided directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, which divide the flow of the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet in right and left directions with respect to surfaces of the magnetic disks and in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks. And, a pair of troughs are provided on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to the rotation axis, where treated water after removing the magnetic flocks from the raw water by the magnetic disks overflows.
Raw water is fed from a water inlet provided in the lower end of the separation tank to the separation tank as an upward flow. Flow dividing members are provided directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, which divide the flow of the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet in right and left directions with respect to surfaces of the magnetic disks and in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks. And, a pair of troughs are provided on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to the rotation axis, where treated water after removing the magnetic flocks from the raw water by the magnetic disks overflows.
Description
MAGNETIC SEPARATION APPARATUS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic separation apparatus which in particular is capable of separating and removing magnetic flocks from raw water by letting the magnetic flocks be adsorbed onto magnetic disks.
Description of the Related Art As a kind of a device that functions to remove pollutant substances in raw water of sewage, industry sewage, etc. there is one kiiown as a magnetic separation apparatus.
This magnetic separation apparatus adopts a method so called a magnetic seed method in which pollutant substances in raw water are tui-ned into forms of magnetized magnetic flocks by adding flocculating agent and magnetic powder into the raw water, and by letting the magnetic flocks F be adsorbed onto magnetic disks having magnets being arranged thereto, the magnetic flocks F can be separated and removed from the raw water.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-244424 discloses a solid-liquid separation apparatus which incorporates a magnetic separation apparatus.
According to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-244424, in the magnetic separation apparatus, a plurality of magnetic disks with a number of magnets being attached thereto are arranged on a rotation axis at certain intervals inside a separation tank.
In this structure, magnetic flocks are removed and retrieved from raw water by letting the magnetic flocks be adsorbed onto the magnetic: disks.
SUMMARY OF TF[E INVENTION
However, in the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses, the ability to remove magnetic flocks from raw water is still not sufficient in terms of the following points.
(1) In the magnetic separation apparatus, it is important that the raw water supplied to the separation tank contacts equally with each of the plurality of the magnetic disks in order to efficiently remove the magnetic flocks inside the raw water.
In this respect, however, in the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses, water flow inside the separating tank can easily be biased.
(2) In a case of adopting a structure in which the magnetic disks are substantially half sunk in the raw water inside the separation tank, the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks can easily come off the surfaces of the magnetic disks while they are inside the raw water, whereas the magnetic flocks can become hard to come off when they are dried and fixed to the surfaces of the magnetic disks at the time when they are carried into the air out from the raw water due to rotation of the magnetic disks. In this respect, the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses are not taking adequate measures with respect to the problem of the magnetic flocks once adsorbed onto the magnetic disks coming off while insicle the raw water, and the problem as to how the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks should be effectively removed once they are out in the air.
The present invention is provided in view of such circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to resolve the problems the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses have concerning adsorption separation efficiency and retrieval efficiency of magnetic flocks, and to provide a magnetic separation apparatus which is capable of removing magnetic flocks contained in raw water with high efficiency.
For the purpose of achieving the above-mentioned object, a magnetic separation apparatus in accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, includes: a separation tank to which raw water containing magnetic flocks is to flow into, the separation tank having a feed-water inlet provided in the lower end of the separation tank for supplying the raw water to the separation tank as an upward flow; a plurality of magnetic disks which adsorb the magnetic flocks by use of magnetic force, the plurality of magnetic disks being arranged at predetermined intervals on a rotation axis provided in the separation tank and being substantially half sunk in the raw water in the separation tank;
a retrieving device which retrieves the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks;
flow dividing members, provided directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, which divide the flow of the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet in right and left directions with respect to surfaces of the magnetic disks and in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks; and a pair of troughs, provided on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to the rotation axis, where treated water after removing the magnetic flocks from the raw water by the magnetic disks overflows.
Therefore, according to the first aspect, raw water supplied from a feed-water inlet provided in a lower end of a separation tank hits flow dividing members and is divided its flow in the radial right and left directions of magnetic disks and in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks. In this way, by letting the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet hit the flow dividing members and being divided its flow in the right and left directions of the magnetic disks and in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks, a flow rate of the raw water flowing among the magnetic disks is reduced, whereby the raw water becomes a slow upward flow that moves upwardly passing among the magnetic disks. Thereby, it becomes possible to have the magnetic flocks in the raw water efficiently adsorbed onto the magnetic disks.
Moreover, by providing a pair of troughs on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to a rotation axis, where treated vvater after removing magnetic flocks from raw water by the magnetic disks overflows, divided flows are not retained inside the separation tank, and thus, it becomes possible to promptly discharge the treated water out from the separation tank.
In addition, by arranging flow dividing members directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, it is possible to prevent the raw water from becoming a fast upward flow when flowing through the vicinity of the surfaces of the magnetic disks.
Therefore, the magnetic flocks once adsorbed onto the magnetic disks will not come off and fall inside the raw water.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the first aspect, the flow dividing member is formed so that the flow dividing member has a thickness at the upper end being the same as a thickness of the magnetic disk, and has a wedge shape at cross section in which the thickness becomes thinner towards the lower end.
By forming flow dividing members in such shapes according to the second aspect, it is possible to have the flow of the raw water supplied through the feed-water inlet divided in the radial right and left directions of the magnetic disks and in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks with good accuracy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic separation apparatus which in particular is capable of separating and removing magnetic flocks from raw water by letting the magnetic flocks be adsorbed onto magnetic disks.
Description of the Related Art As a kind of a device that functions to remove pollutant substances in raw water of sewage, industry sewage, etc. there is one kiiown as a magnetic separation apparatus.
This magnetic separation apparatus adopts a method so called a magnetic seed method in which pollutant substances in raw water are tui-ned into forms of magnetized magnetic flocks by adding flocculating agent and magnetic powder into the raw water, and by letting the magnetic flocks F be adsorbed onto magnetic disks having magnets being arranged thereto, the magnetic flocks F can be separated and removed from the raw water.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-244424 discloses a solid-liquid separation apparatus which incorporates a magnetic separation apparatus.
According to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-244424, in the magnetic separation apparatus, a plurality of magnetic disks with a number of magnets being attached thereto are arranged on a rotation axis at certain intervals inside a separation tank.
In this structure, magnetic flocks are removed and retrieved from raw water by letting the magnetic flocks be adsorbed onto the magnetic: disks.
SUMMARY OF TF[E INVENTION
However, in the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses, the ability to remove magnetic flocks from raw water is still not sufficient in terms of the following points.
(1) In the magnetic separation apparatus, it is important that the raw water supplied to the separation tank contacts equally with each of the plurality of the magnetic disks in order to efficiently remove the magnetic flocks inside the raw water.
In this respect, however, in the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses, water flow inside the separating tank can easily be biased.
(2) In a case of adopting a structure in which the magnetic disks are substantially half sunk in the raw water inside the separation tank, the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks can easily come off the surfaces of the magnetic disks while they are inside the raw water, whereas the magnetic flocks can become hard to come off when they are dried and fixed to the surfaces of the magnetic disks at the time when they are carried into the air out from the raw water due to rotation of the magnetic disks. In this respect, the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses are not taking adequate measures with respect to the problem of the magnetic flocks once adsorbed onto the magnetic disks coming off while insicle the raw water, and the problem as to how the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks should be effectively removed once they are out in the air.
The present invention is provided in view of such circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to resolve the problems the conventional magnetic separation apparatuses have concerning adsorption separation efficiency and retrieval efficiency of magnetic flocks, and to provide a magnetic separation apparatus which is capable of removing magnetic flocks contained in raw water with high efficiency.
For the purpose of achieving the above-mentioned object, a magnetic separation apparatus in accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, includes: a separation tank to which raw water containing magnetic flocks is to flow into, the separation tank having a feed-water inlet provided in the lower end of the separation tank for supplying the raw water to the separation tank as an upward flow; a plurality of magnetic disks which adsorb the magnetic flocks by use of magnetic force, the plurality of magnetic disks being arranged at predetermined intervals on a rotation axis provided in the separation tank and being substantially half sunk in the raw water in the separation tank;
a retrieving device which retrieves the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks;
flow dividing members, provided directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, which divide the flow of the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet in right and left directions with respect to surfaces of the magnetic disks and in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks; and a pair of troughs, provided on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to the rotation axis, where treated water after removing the magnetic flocks from the raw water by the magnetic disks overflows.
Therefore, according to the first aspect, raw water supplied from a feed-water inlet provided in a lower end of a separation tank hits flow dividing members and is divided its flow in the radial right and left directions of magnetic disks and in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks. In this way, by letting the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet hit the flow dividing members and being divided its flow in the right and left directions of the magnetic disks and in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks, a flow rate of the raw water flowing among the magnetic disks is reduced, whereby the raw water becomes a slow upward flow that moves upwardly passing among the magnetic disks. Thereby, it becomes possible to have the magnetic flocks in the raw water efficiently adsorbed onto the magnetic disks.
Moreover, by providing a pair of troughs on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to a rotation axis, where treated vvater after removing magnetic flocks from raw water by the magnetic disks overflows, divided flows are not retained inside the separation tank, and thus, it becomes possible to promptly discharge the treated water out from the separation tank.
In addition, by arranging flow dividing members directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, it is possible to prevent the raw water from becoming a fast upward flow when flowing through the vicinity of the surfaces of the magnetic disks.
Therefore, the magnetic flocks once adsorbed onto the magnetic disks will not come off and fall inside the raw water.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the first aspect, the flow dividing member is formed so that the flow dividing member has a thickness at the upper end being the same as a thickness of the magnetic disk, and has a wedge shape at cross section in which the thickness becomes thinner towards the lower end.
By forming flow dividing members in such shapes according to the second aspect, it is possible to have the flow of the raw water supplied through the feed-water inlet divided in the radial right and left directions of the magnetic disks and in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks with good accuracy.
In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, in the magnetic separation apparatus according to one of the first and second aspects, the feed-water inlet is formed in a square tube shape which is longer in the direction of the rotation axis.
By having a water inlet formed in a square tube shape according to the third aspect, water can be easily supplied equally inside the separation tank, whereby the removing efficiency of the magnetic flocks caii be further improved.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, the magnetic separation apparatus according to one of the first to third aspects, further includes sealing plates provided between peripheral surfaces of'the respective magnetic disks and an inner surface of the separation tank in a way such that base ends of the sealing plates are fixed to the inner surface of the separation tank and apical ends of the sealing plates as being free ends contact the peripheral surfaces of the magnetic disks.
By providing sealing plates between peripheral surfaces of the respective magnetic disks and the inner surface of the separation tank, according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to block a flow that takes a shorter route through the peripheral surfaces of the magnetic disks and overflows into the troughs without contacting the surfaces of the magnetic disks. Thereby, it is possible to further improve the removing efficiency of the magnetic flocks.
In accordance with a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the magnetic separation apparatus according to one of the first to fourth aspects, the retrieving device includes: gutter-shaped scrapers, each of whic:h being provided, in a form of a gutter extending from the vicinity of the rotation axis to the outside of the separation tank, between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks.just before entering the raw water from the air, each of the gutter-shaped scrapers having edge parts in the upper ends of both sides contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks with predetermined urging force to scrape off the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks; and conveying devices provided inside respective gutter-shaped scrapers, each of which conveys the magnetic flocks being scraped off, dropped and accumulated inside the gutter-shaped scraper to the outside of the separation tank.
According to the fifth aspect, gutter-shaped scrapers are provided, each of which is in a form of a gutter extending from the vicinity of the rotation axis to the outside of the separation tank, between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks just before entering the raw water from the air, and which has edge parts in the upper ends of both sides contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks with predetermined urging force to scrape off the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks. Thereby, it is possible to unfailingly scrape off the magnetic Elocks even when the magnetic flocks are 5 the ones that are being fixed to the surfaces of the magnetic disks due to being dried in the air, and it is possible to unfailingly retrieve the magnetic flocks being scraped off into the gutter-shaped scrapers.
As described above, the magnetic separation apparatus according to any of the aspects of the present invention is capable of resolving the problems concerning adsorption separation efficiency and retrieval efficiency of the magnetic flocks, which are problems conventional magnetic separation. apparatuses have, and removing the magnetic flocks contained in the raw water with high efficiency.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a flow of operation in a polluted water clarification system which incorporates a magrietic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of devices that construct the polluted water clarification system;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustratinl; a cross section of a part of the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a sectional side view of the rnagnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a sectional front view of the inagnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating operation of a flow dividing member arranged in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view illustrating sealing plates arranged in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Figs. 8A and 8B are explanatory diagrams illustrating differences between outmost magnetic disks according to the conventional art and the present invention;
By having a water inlet formed in a square tube shape according to the third aspect, water can be easily supplied equally inside the separation tank, whereby the removing efficiency of the magnetic flocks caii be further improved.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, the magnetic separation apparatus according to one of the first to third aspects, further includes sealing plates provided between peripheral surfaces of'the respective magnetic disks and an inner surface of the separation tank in a way such that base ends of the sealing plates are fixed to the inner surface of the separation tank and apical ends of the sealing plates as being free ends contact the peripheral surfaces of the magnetic disks.
By providing sealing plates between peripheral surfaces of the respective magnetic disks and the inner surface of the separation tank, according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to block a flow that takes a shorter route through the peripheral surfaces of the magnetic disks and overflows into the troughs without contacting the surfaces of the magnetic disks. Thereby, it is possible to further improve the removing efficiency of the magnetic flocks.
In accordance with a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the magnetic separation apparatus according to one of the first to fourth aspects, the retrieving device includes: gutter-shaped scrapers, each of whic:h being provided, in a form of a gutter extending from the vicinity of the rotation axis to the outside of the separation tank, between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks.just before entering the raw water from the air, each of the gutter-shaped scrapers having edge parts in the upper ends of both sides contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks with predetermined urging force to scrape off the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks; and conveying devices provided inside respective gutter-shaped scrapers, each of which conveys the magnetic flocks being scraped off, dropped and accumulated inside the gutter-shaped scraper to the outside of the separation tank.
According to the fifth aspect, gutter-shaped scrapers are provided, each of which is in a form of a gutter extending from the vicinity of the rotation axis to the outside of the separation tank, between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks just before entering the raw water from the air, and which has edge parts in the upper ends of both sides contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks with predetermined urging force to scrape off the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks. Thereby, it is possible to unfailingly scrape off the magnetic Elocks even when the magnetic flocks are 5 the ones that are being fixed to the surfaces of the magnetic disks due to being dried in the air, and it is possible to unfailingly retrieve the magnetic flocks being scraped off into the gutter-shaped scrapers.
As described above, the magnetic separation apparatus according to any of the aspects of the present invention is capable of resolving the problems concerning adsorption separation efficiency and retrieval efficiency of the magnetic flocks, which are problems conventional magnetic separation. apparatuses have, and removing the magnetic flocks contained in the raw water with high efficiency.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a flow of operation in a polluted water clarification system which incorporates a magrietic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of devices that construct the polluted water clarification system;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustratinl; a cross section of a part of the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a sectional side view of the rnagnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a sectional front view of the inagnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating operation of a flow dividing member arranged in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view illustrating sealing plates arranged in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Figs. 8A and 8B are explanatory diagrams illustrating differences between outmost magnetic disks according to the conventional art and the present invention;
Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relation between a magnetic disk and a gutter-shaped scraper in the magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a retrieving device adopting a screw conveyer system;
Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relation between a screw conveyer and a gutter-shaped scraper;
Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a retrieving device adopting a finned belt conveyer system; and Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relation between a fin in the finned belt conveyer system and a gutter-shaped scraper.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the following, a preferred embodiment of a magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a. flow of operation in a polluted water clarification system 10 which incorporates a magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention. - Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flocculation device 14, the magnetic separation apparatus 20 and a filter separation device 24.
As shown in Fig. 1, in the polluted water clarification system 10, first, raw water is to be conveyed to a rapid stirring tank 14A in the flocculation device 14 by a raw water pump 12. In certain places along a pipe arrangement connecting the raw water pump 12 and the rapid stirring tank 14A, a magnetic powder adding device 16 for adding magnetic powder, and a flocculating agent adding device 18 for adding a flocculating agent are provided so as to add the magnetic powder and the flocculating agent to the raw water flowing inside the pipe arrangement.. As for the magnetic powder, ferrosoferric oxide can be used preferably. As for the flocculating agent, a soluble inorganic flocculating agent such as polyalurninum chloride, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, etc. can be used preferably. Meanwhile, although it is not shown in the diagram, it is preferable that a strainer is provided in the system such that the raw water can be filtered by having comparatively large size dirt of several millimeter size removed before having the magnetic powder and the flocculating agerit added.
Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a retrieving device adopting a screw conveyer system;
Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relation between a screw conveyer and a gutter-shaped scraper;
Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a retrieving device adopting a finned belt conveyer system; and Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relation between a fin in the finned belt conveyer system and a gutter-shaped scraper.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the following, a preferred embodiment of a magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a. flow of operation in a polluted water clarification system 10 which incorporates a magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention. - Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flocculation device 14, the magnetic separation apparatus 20 and a filter separation device 24.
As shown in Fig. 1, in the polluted water clarification system 10, first, raw water is to be conveyed to a rapid stirring tank 14A in the flocculation device 14 by a raw water pump 12. In certain places along a pipe arrangement connecting the raw water pump 12 and the rapid stirring tank 14A, a magnetic powder adding device 16 for adding magnetic powder, and a flocculating agent adding device 18 for adding a flocculating agent are provided so as to add the magnetic powder and the flocculating agent to the raw water flowing inside the pipe arrangement.. As for the magnetic powder, ferrosoferric oxide can be used preferably. As for the flocculating agent, a soluble inorganic flocculating agent such as polyalurninum chloride, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, etc. can be used preferably. Meanwhile, although it is not shown in the diagram, it is preferable that a strainer is provided in the system such that the raw water can be filtered by having comparatively large size dirt of several millimeter size removed before having the magnetic powder and the flocculating agerit added.
In the rapid stirring tank 14A, by rapictly stirring the raw water, the added magnetic powder and the flocculating agent usang stirring fins 19 which rotate in high speed, tiny magnetic flocks F (also known as niagnetic micro-flocks) each of which with a size of around several tens of micrometers (pm) are to be formed. It is preferable that a rotating speed at the edges of the stirring fins 19 is about 1 to 2 m/second. The magnetic powder, and solid floating particles, bacteria, plankton, etc. in the raw water are to be taken up by the magnetic micro-flocks.
Next, the raw water containing the magnetic micro-flocks is to be conveyed to a slow-speed stirring tank 14B in the flocculation device 14. In the vicinity of a communicating room 14C that connects the rapid stirring tank 14A and the slow-speed stirring tank 14B, a high polymer flocculating agent adding device 21 is provided so as to add a high polymer flocculating agent to the raw water flowing through the communicating room 14C. Here, as for the high polymer flocculating agent, one of an anionic system and a nonionic system can be used preferably.
In the slow-speed stirring tank 14B, by slowly stirring the magnetic micro-flocks and the high polymer flocculating agent. using stirring fins 19 which rotate in low speed, large size magnetic flocks F each of which with a size of around several hundreds micrometers ( m ) to several millimeters (mm) are to be formed. As shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the slow-speed stirring tank 14B is structured as a multistage stirring tank including continuous multiple stages with stirring tanks (A, B and C). In this case, a rotating speed of the stirring fins 19 should clecrease as it goes further down the stream from the slow-speed stirring tank A in the upstream side to the slow-speed stirring tank C
in the downstream side. Thereby, the magnetic flocks F can grow bigger as they go further down the stream from the slow-speed stirring tank A in the upstream side to the slow-speed stirring tank C in the downstream side, by which it will be possible to prevent the grown magnetic flocks from breaking up. As for a rotating speed at the edges of the stirring fins 19, it is preferable, for instance, that the rotating speed is about 0.5 to 1 m/second in the slow-speed stirring tank A, about 0.3 to 0.7 m/second in the slow-speed stirring tank B, and about 0.1 to 0.3 m/second in the slow-speed stirring tank C.
As shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the flocculation device 14 has an integral structure that includes the rapid stirring tank 14A, the communicating room 14C and the slow-speed stirring tank 14B. However, it is also possible to have a structure in which these components are connected by a pipe arrangement.
The raw water containing the magnetic flocks F of which sizes have grown bigger, are to be conveyed to the magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention. The magnetic separation apparatus 20 is intended to adsorb and separate the magnetic flocks F from the raw water using magnetic force. By the magnetic separation apparatus 20, about 90% of the magnetic flocks F in the raw water are to be separated and removed. As for a device structure of the magnetic separation apparatus 20, details will be described after the entire operation flow of the polluted water clarification system 10 is explained.
The magnetic flocks F having been removed from the raw water by the magnetic separation apparatus 20 are to be dehydrated by a dehydration device 25, which could be a centrifuge machine, a belt press machine or the like, so that their moisture content will be reduced down to about 80%. After that, the magnetic flocks F are to be loaded on a truck, etc. to be carried to a landfill site, an incineration plant, a compost manufacturing factory, etc.
On the other hand, the treated water having gone through the processes in the magnetic separation apparatus 20 is to be next conveyed to the filter separation device 24.
In the filter separation device 24, the treated water is to go into a rotating drum filter 26 where the treated water will be filtered from the inside to the outside of the rotating drum filter 26 to have the magnetic flocks F still remaining in the treated water removed.
In this way, it is possible to purify the: raw water containing pollutant substances such as dusts, solid floating particles, bacteria, plankton, etc. The magnetic flocks F
attached to the rotating drum filter 26 are to be accumulated in a hopper arranged inside the rotating drum filter 26 by being showered with cleaning water outputted from a showering device 28 arranged on the upper sicle of the rotating drum filter 26. Then the accumulated magnetic flocks F are to be discharged outside the device. In this case, it is good to have some of the treated water bein;o purified by the rotating drum filter 26 returned to the showering device 28 by a circulation pump 29 so that the treated water can be reused as cleaning water. Discharged cleaning water which has turned dirty by containing magnetic flocks F due to the showering is to be brought back to a previous stage of the raw water pump by a pump 30.
Next, the raw water containing the magnetic micro-flocks is to be conveyed to a slow-speed stirring tank 14B in the flocculation device 14. In the vicinity of a communicating room 14C that connects the rapid stirring tank 14A and the slow-speed stirring tank 14B, a high polymer flocculating agent adding device 21 is provided so as to add a high polymer flocculating agent to the raw water flowing through the communicating room 14C. Here, as for the high polymer flocculating agent, one of an anionic system and a nonionic system can be used preferably.
In the slow-speed stirring tank 14B, by slowly stirring the magnetic micro-flocks and the high polymer flocculating agent. using stirring fins 19 which rotate in low speed, large size magnetic flocks F each of which with a size of around several hundreds micrometers ( m ) to several millimeters (mm) are to be formed. As shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the slow-speed stirring tank 14B is structured as a multistage stirring tank including continuous multiple stages with stirring tanks (A, B and C). In this case, a rotating speed of the stirring fins 19 should clecrease as it goes further down the stream from the slow-speed stirring tank A in the upstream side to the slow-speed stirring tank C
in the downstream side. Thereby, the magnetic flocks F can grow bigger as they go further down the stream from the slow-speed stirring tank A in the upstream side to the slow-speed stirring tank C in the downstream side, by which it will be possible to prevent the grown magnetic flocks from breaking up. As for a rotating speed at the edges of the stirring fins 19, it is preferable, for instance, that the rotating speed is about 0.5 to 1 m/second in the slow-speed stirring tank A, about 0.3 to 0.7 m/second in the slow-speed stirring tank B, and about 0.1 to 0.3 m/second in the slow-speed stirring tank C.
As shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the flocculation device 14 has an integral structure that includes the rapid stirring tank 14A, the communicating room 14C and the slow-speed stirring tank 14B. However, it is also possible to have a structure in which these components are connected by a pipe arrangement.
The raw water containing the magnetic flocks F of which sizes have grown bigger, are to be conveyed to the magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention. The magnetic separation apparatus 20 is intended to adsorb and separate the magnetic flocks F from the raw water using magnetic force. By the magnetic separation apparatus 20, about 90% of the magnetic flocks F in the raw water are to be separated and removed. As for a device structure of the magnetic separation apparatus 20, details will be described after the entire operation flow of the polluted water clarification system 10 is explained.
The magnetic flocks F having been removed from the raw water by the magnetic separation apparatus 20 are to be dehydrated by a dehydration device 25, which could be a centrifuge machine, a belt press machine or the like, so that their moisture content will be reduced down to about 80%. After that, the magnetic flocks F are to be loaded on a truck, etc. to be carried to a landfill site, an incineration plant, a compost manufacturing factory, etc.
On the other hand, the treated water having gone through the processes in the magnetic separation apparatus 20 is to be next conveyed to the filter separation device 24.
In the filter separation device 24, the treated water is to go into a rotating drum filter 26 where the treated water will be filtered from the inside to the outside of the rotating drum filter 26 to have the magnetic flocks F still remaining in the treated water removed.
In this way, it is possible to purify the: raw water containing pollutant substances such as dusts, solid floating particles, bacteria, plankton, etc. The magnetic flocks F
attached to the rotating drum filter 26 are to be accumulated in a hopper arranged inside the rotating drum filter 26 by being showered with cleaning water outputted from a showering device 28 arranged on the upper sicle of the rotating drum filter 26. Then the accumulated magnetic flocks F are to be discharged outside the device. In this case, it is good to have some of the treated water bein;o purified by the rotating drum filter 26 returned to the showering device 28 by a circulation pump 29 so that the treated water can be reused as cleaning water. Discharged cleaning water which has turned dirty by containing magnetic flocks F due to the showering is to be brought back to a previous stage of the raw water pump by a pump 30.
[Magnetic Separation apparatus]
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a cross section of a part of the magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a sectional side view of the magnetic separation apparatus 20, and Fig. 5 is a sectional front view of the magnetic separation apparatus 20.
As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the magnetic separating device 20 according to the present invention mainly includes: a separation tank 32 where raw water containing magnetic flocks F flow into; a plurality of magnetic disks 36 which are arranged, at predetermined intervals, on a rotation axis 34 provided inside the separation tank 32 in the horizontal direction, and which are to adsorb the magnetic flocks F by their magnetic force; and a retrieving device 38 which is to retrieve the magnetic flocks F
adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36. In this embodiment, although explanation will be given on a case where three to four magnetic disks 36 are used, the number of the magnetic disks 36 is not limited to such particular numbers.
The separation tank 32 is formed in a shape of a half cylinder which is opened in the upper part and closed by side walls 41 in its both end faces (ref. Fig.
5). On both sides (the right and the left sides in Fig. 3) of the separation tank 32, a pair of troughs 40 are formed in parallel with the rotation axis 34, and they have concave shapes at cross section. Those troughs 40 are formed integrally with the separation tank 32.
In the outside of the trough 40, a flock retrieving tank 42 is provided. The flock retrieving tank 42 is formed in parallel with the trough 40, and has a concave shape at cross section.
As shown in Fig. 3, the flock retrieving tank 42 is provided on the right side (the right side in Fig. 3) where the rotating magnetic dis:ks 36 enter in the raw water.
As shown in Fig. 5, in the upper parts of the pair of side walls 41 of the separation tank 32, the rotation axis 34 is supported by axis bearings 35 in a rotatable way, while one end of the rotation axis 34 is connected with a motor 39. On the rotation axis 34, a plurality of magnetic disks 36 each of which having a fitting hole in the central part are fit-supported while having a predetermined interval between each other. Between each adjacent magnetic disks 36, a sleeve 31 is provided in such a way as to adjust the interval between the adjacent rnagnetic disks 36 and fix the inner periphery of the adjacent magnetic disks 36. It is preferable that the interval between each adjacent magnetic disks 36 is set to a value within a range of one to three times the thickness of the magnetic disk 36. If the inteival is less than one time the thickness of the magnetic disk 36, it will be difficult for the raw water to flow between the magnetic disks 36. Whereas if the interval is over three times the thickness of the magnetic disk 36 and becomes too wide, it will be difficult for the magnetic disks 36 to generate strong 5 magnetic force between each other.
It is preferable that each of the plurality of the magnetic disks 36 being supported by the rotation axis 34 goes under the raw water in the separation tank 32 by 1/2 to 2/3 portion of it. In such case where the magnetic disks 36 are arranged such that they partly go under the water, the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 10 36 in the raw water are to be retrieved by the retrieving device 38 when the magnetic disks 36 rotate and bring the magnetic flocks F to the air. Accordingly, it is important to set such sinking rate of the magnetic disks 36 that could render adsorption and retrieval efficiencies of the magnetic flocks F the best. Therefore, for instance, making the pair of axis bearings 35 be supported by a pair of elevating machines, which are not shown, so that the magnetic disks 36 can move up and down by a hydraulic mechanism or the like and so that the sinking rate can be made variable, should be a likeable method.
Moreover, in the lower end of the separation tank 32, a feed-water inlet 44 having a square tube shape which is longer in the direction of the rotation axis 34 is formed. This feed-water inlet 44 and an outlet of the flocculation device 14 are connected by a pipe arrangement 43 (ref. Fig. 4). In the feed-water inlet 44, a plurality of flow dividing members 46 are arranged (ref: Fig. 5). As shown in Fig. 5, these flow dividing members 46 are arranged directly underneath the respective magnetic disks 36, and each of them has a wedge shape, at cross section, whose thickness W1 in the upper end is the same as a thickness W2 of the magnetic disk 36 and becomes thinner towards the lower end. Furthermore, as can be seen in Fig. 4, a width dimension D1 of each flow dividing member 46 is smaller than a wicith D2 of the feed-water inlet 44, whereby the raw water supplied through the feed-water inlet 44 can be divided into right and left gaps 44A and 44B each of which formed between the feed-water inlet 44 and the flow dividing member 46.
As shown in Fig. 4, by having these flow dividing members 46, the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet 44 will hit each flow dividing member 46 and divide its flow in radial right and left directions of each magnetic disk 36. In this way, by ll having the raw water supplied through the feecl-water inlet 44 divided into two flows in the right and left directions by letting the raw water hit each flow dividing member 46, a flow rate of the raw water flowing between each adjacent magnetic disks 36 can be reduced, whereby the raw water will become a slow upward flow that moves upwardly passing among the magnetic disks 36. Thereby, it is possible to have the magnetic flocks F in the raw water efficiently adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36. In addition, by reducing the flow rate of the upward flow, the magnetic flocks F once adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 will become hard to conie off.
Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 5, the raw water entering the separation tank 32 from the feed-water inlet 44 is to be also divided in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks 36 by the flow dividing members 46. T'hereby, it is possible to prevent the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 from coming off due to the flow of the raw water being supplied through the feed-water inlet 44. That is, as can be understood from Fig. 5, without the arrangement of the wedge-shaped flow dividing members 46, the peripheral surfaces 36a of the: magnetic disks 36 will be exposed directly to the upward flow of the raw water being supplied from the feed-water inlet 44.
That is, as can be seen in Fig. 6, the flow of the raw water in a state where there are no flow dividing members 46 will become a fast upward flow as shown by the dotted lines that flows through the vicinity of the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36, and therefore, among the magnetic flocks F that have adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36, especially the ones near the peripheral surfaces 36a might get scraped off due to the flow of the raw water and thus niight drop into the raw water.
On the other hand, by having the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 not exposed directly to the flow of the raw water due to the flow dividing members 46, the raw water entering through the feed-water inlet 44 will flow with a slower speed as it hits the flow dividing members 46 and it will further be divided in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks 36, as shown by the solid arrovved lines in Fig. 6. Therefore, the magnetic flocks F once adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 will not be scraped off due to the flow of the raw water.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 4, the separation tank 32 is provided with sealing plates 48 which seal the gaps between the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 and the inner surface of the separation tank 32 so that the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet 44 will not take a shorter route through the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 and flow out into the troughs 40.
As shown in Fig. 7, the sealing plates 48 have their base ends fixed to a turning axis 50 which is supported by the separation tank 32 in a turnable way, and have their apical ends as being free ends touching the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36. The turning axis 50 is urged by a spring, etc., which is not shown, to rotate in the direction of the arrow. Thereby, since the sealing plates 48 are contacting the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 with predetermined contact force, they can prevent the raw water from taking a shorter route through the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 without disturbing the rotation of the magnetic disks 36. As for the material of the sealing plates 48, elastic material which is softer than the magnetic disk 36 should be used preferably, and in this respect, rubber plates, for instance, can be suitable for use as the sealing plates.
Now a description will be given on the magnetic disks 36.
The magnetic disk 36 is structured as including a nonmagnetic case 45 having a torus-shape cavity inside, a number of permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged inside the nonmagnetic case 45 and a ferromagnetic disk substrate 33 sandwiched between the permanent magnet pieces 37. In the central part of the disk substrate 33, there is a hole for reeving the rotation axis 34. Normally, three or more magnetic disks 36 are mounted on the rotation axis 34.
With respect to such magnetic disks 36, the ones in the conventional art as shown in Fig. 8A have the permanent magnet pieces 37 on both sides of the respective ferromagnetic disk substrates 33 with respect to the outmost magnetic disks arranged on both ends of the rotation axis 34 and with respect to the inner magnetic disks 36B arranged inwardly near the center from both ends of the rotation axis 34.
Therefore, in the conventional cases, problems such as magnetic leakage from the outmost magnetic disks 36A to the outside of the separation tank 32, deformation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A, etc. could occur.
With respect to the inner magnetic disks 36B, because there are opposed magnetic disks on both sides of each of them, as long as they are arranged at equal intervals, the magnetic force of the inner magnetic disks 36B should be kept in a balanced state and thus the inner magnetic disks 36B should be free of the problems of magnetic leakage, deformation, etc.
As a counter measure to such problems in the conventional art, Fig. 8B shows a different arrangement of the magnetic disks 36A and 36B. As shown in Fig. 8B, the inner magnetic disks 36B have the same structure as the ones in the conventional art, that is, each of them is structured as having permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged on both sides of the disk substrate 33 in such a way as to sandwich the ferromagnetic disk substrate 33 therebetween. On the other hancl, with respect to the outmost magnetic disks 36A, each of them has the permanent magnet pieces 37 for exerting magnetic force arranged only on the inner side surface of the disk substrate 33 (i.e. the surface on the side of the inner magnetic disk 36B) while a single iron plate 52 is arranged on the outer side surface of the disk substrate 33 in a way such that the magnet pieces 37 and iron plate 52 are sandwiching the disk substrate 33 therebetween. In this case, the disk substrate 33 is essentially ferromagnetic, although the iron plate 52 can be either ferromagnetic or nonmagnetic. In addition, the disk substrate 33 and the iron plate 52 can have an integrated form by being structured as a one thick ferromagnetic body.
Thereby, the outmost magnetic disks 36A are arranged to be able to have more enhanced stiffness than the inner magnetic disks 36B. ln enhancing the stiffness of the outmost magnetic disks 36A, it is important that the stiffness is enhanced to the extent that the outmost magnetic disks 36A will not be deformed due to the influence of the magnetic force from the inner magnetic disks 36B. Accordingly, it is preferable that a thickness of the iron plate 52 is properly determined on the basis of a distance between the outmost magnetic disk 36A and the inner magnetic dislc 36B, magnetic force of the permanent magnet pieces 37, material of the disk substrate 33, and so forth.
With respect to the outmost magnetic disk 36A or with respect to the inner magnetic disk 36B, in the case of having the disk substrate 33 made of ferromagnetic material, it should be more preferable that the permanent magnet pieces 37 are glued to the disk substrate 33 with an adhesive agent, although it is also possible to have the permanent magnet pieces 37 directly attached to the disk substrate 33 using the magnetic force of the permanent magnet pieces 37. At this time, it is also possible to arrange such that resin is molded to the space formed inside the case 45.
Furthermore, in order to enhance the stiffness of the magnetic disks 36, it is also possible to have pockets (not shown) formed on the surfaces of the ferromagnetic disk substrates 33 so that the permanent magnet pieces 37 can fit in those pockets.
A method of manufacturing the magnetic disk 36 having a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 37 fixed to the surfaces of the disk substrate 33 includes: a disk substrate formation process for forming the disk substrate 33 into a honeycomb structure in which at least one of the surfaces of the disk. substrate 33 have a plurality of holes serving as the above-mentioned pockets; a magnet fitting process for fitting the permanent magnet pieces 37 in the pockets formed on the disk substrate 33; and a placing process for placing the disk substrate 33 with the permanent magnet pieces 37 being fitted therein inside the case 45 having a torus-shape cavity formed inside.
Thereby, it is possible to enhance the stiffness of the magnetic disk 36 since the sidewalls of the pockets serve as ribs (reinforcing members). In this case, it is necessary that the pockets are made of nonmagnetic material, and the pockets are to be glued to the ferromagnetic disk substrate 33 w:ith an adhesive agent. The reason for this is that, if the pockets are made of magnetic material, ferromagnetic material in particular, magnetic flux will be absorbed by the sidewalls of the pockets, which results in increasing magnetic field only in the vicinity of the surfaces of the magnets while it will become difficult to form high magnetic field in places apart from the permanent magnet pieces 37 with respect to the magnetization direction.
By structuring the outmost magnetic disks 36A in this way, it is possible to resolve the problem of magnetic leakage with a simple measure without having to adopt a magnetic shield, a magnetic coil, etc., and what is more, the outmost magnetic disks 36A will not de deformed. Meanwhile, in forming the inner magnetic disk 36B as having pockets, the pockets should be formed on both sides of the disk substrate 33.
However, by not having the permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged on the outer surfaces of the disk substrates 33 of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A, there will be a risk that the raw water passing between the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A and the inner surface of the separation tank 32 may flow out into the troughs without having the magnetic flocks F being adsorbed and separated. As a countermeasure to this problem, as shown in Fig. 5, shielding members 54 are arranged to fill in the gaps between the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A and the inner surface of the separation tank 32. These shielding members 54 are arranged in such a way as to not disturb the rotation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A.
As for the shielding members 54, it is important that they will not disturb the rotation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A, and thus, material that has less friction and that is soft 5 such as resin, sponge, etc. can be used preferably. In this way, even though the permanent magnet pieces 37 are not arranged on the outer surfaces of the disk substrates 33 of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A, the magnetic flocks F will not flow out into the troughs 40 as they are. As can be seen in Fig. 5, there are still concave shaped gaps formed between the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A
10 and the inner surface of the separation tank 32 even though there are shielding members 54 to seal the gaps. However, this is nothing to be concerned of because the raw water will not be retained in those concave shaped gaps due to the influence of the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A.
In addition, there is a method that forms the cases 45 of the respective magnetic 15 disks 36 into honey comb structures for the pui-pose of enhancing the stiffness of the outmost magnetic disks 36A. By adopting this method, it is also possible to have lighter magnetic disks 36. This method regarding the honey comb structure is not necessary applicable to the outmost magnetic clisks 36A only, but can be applied to the inner magnetic disks 36B as well.
Now a description will be given on the flock retrieving device 38 that retrieves the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36.
The flock retrieving device 38 includes mainly composed of gutter-shaped scrapers 60 and conveying devices 62.
Each of the gutter-shaped scrapers 60 is provided in a form of a gutter that extend from the vicinity of the rotation axis 34 to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42, and it is arranged such that it comes between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks 36 just before entering the raw water froin the air (ref. Fig. 5). Each gutter-shaped scraper 60 is structured such that its edge parts 60A in the upper ends of both sides of it are to contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 with predetermined urging force, by which the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 can be scraped off.
The conveying devices 62 are provided inside respective gutter-shaped scrapers 60, and each of them is to convey the magnetic flocks F, which have been scraped off, dropped and piled up inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60, to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42 where it drops the magnetic flocks F into the flock retrieving tank 42.
As for the conveying device 62, a screw conveyer 64 or a finned belt conveyer 66 can be used preferably. Figs. 9 to 11 are showing the case when the screw conveyer 64 is adopted, whereas Figs. 12 and 13 are showing the case when the finned belt conveyer 66 is adopted. In Figs. 9, 10 and 12, only the magnetic flocks F that are on the parts of the magnetic disks 36 exposed in the air are showri.
As shown in Fig. 9, the gutter-shaped scraper 60 has its edge parts 60A in the upper ends of both sides of it contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 with predetermined pressing force, while the upper end edge parts 60A are formed in sharp thin-walled shapes. With this structure, the niagnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36, which are rotating in the clockwise direction, are to be scraped off by the upper end edge parts 60A o;f the gutter-shaped scraper 60, and dropped into the gutter-shaped scraper 60.
As shown in Figs. 9 to 11, a screw part 64A of the screw conveyer 64 is contained inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60, and one end of the screw part 64A is connected to a motor 64B. In this case, as shown in Fig. 11, the inner surface of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 from its sides to bottom should preferably have a semicircular shape so that no dead space will be formed for conveyance. Thereby, the magnetic flocks F which have been dropped and piled up inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60 will be conveyed by the screw conveyer 64 to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42 where they are to be dropped inside the flock r=etrieving tank 42.
On the other hand, in the case of adopting the finned belt conveyer 66 to function as the conveying device 62, the structure will be as shown in Figs.
12 and 13.
The finned belt conveyer 66 is provided with a pair of pulleys 68 on both sides of the magnetic disk 36 in the radial direction of the magnetic disk, and an endless belt 70 having fins 69 is wrapped around the pair of pulleys. One of the pulleys 68 in the pair is connected to a driving device such as a motor, etc., which is not shown.
This endless belt 70 is not supposed to contact with the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36.
The fins 69 are provided in a large number at predetermined intervals on the outer surface of the endless belt 70, and they are formed as being vertical with respect to the endless belt 70.
In this case, as shown in Fig. 13, the inner surface of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 from its sides to bottom should preferably have a shape that suites the shape of the fin 69 so that no dead space will be formed for conveyarLce. For instance, if the shape of the fin 69 is an inverted trapezoid, then the inner surface shape of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 should also be an inverted trapezoid.
In Figs. 9 to 13, although supporting nzechanisms for the gutter-shaped scraper 60 and the pulleys 68 of the finned belt conveyer 66 are not shown in particular, it is possible to have them supported by the main frame of the magnetic separation apparatus 20, for instance. As for the slope of the gutter-shaped scraper 60, the one shown in Fig.
10 (i.e. the one with the screw conveyer) has a slope which is diagonally right up, whereas the one shown in Fig. 12 (i.e. the one with the f nned belt conveyer) has a slope which is diagonally right down. However, it is preferable that the slope is diagonally right up. By having a diagonally right up slope for the gutter-shaped scraper 60, it is possible to prevent moisture coming out of the magnetic flocks F, while the magnetic flocks F drop and pile up inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60 and then be conveyed by the conveying device, from flowing into the flock retrieving tank 42. It is important that the magnetic flocks F to be retrieved by the flock retrieving tank 42 should contain moisture as low as possible to have reduced volume. For this purpose, it is preferable that an adjustment device (not shown) for adjusting a slope of the retrieving device 38 as a whole is provided so that the diagonally right up slope of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 can be adjusted. For instance, with respect to the retrieving device 38 adopting the screw conveyer system, it is possible to have a. structure in which the gutter-shaped scraper 60 is supported by a turning axis at its central part in the length direction, so that the gutter-shaped scraper 60 could become swingable like a seesaw using an expansion device such as a cylinder device, etc.
Next, operation of the magnetic separation apparatus 20 structured in the above-described manner will be described.
The raw water containing the magnet:ic flocks F is to enter from the feed-water inlet 44 formed in the lower end of the separation tank 32 and have its flow divided by the flow dividing members 46. By the flow dividing members 46, the raw water will have its flow dived to both right and left sides with respect to the surfaces of the continuously rotating magnetic disks 36, and along with that, it will also have its flow divided so that it will flow into a ferromagnetic space between each adjacent magnetic disks 36. While the divided raw water flows l.ipwardly within the separation tank 32, the magnetic flocks F in the raw water will be adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36. The treated water which is being purified by having the magnetic flocks F
adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 will overflow into the pair of troughs 40 provided on both right and left sides of the magnetic disks 36.
On the other hand, the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 are to be carried into the air above the surface of the water by the continuous rotation of the magnetic disks 36, and thus they will be exposed to the air. As the magnetic flocks F get exposed to the air, moisture of the magnetic flocks F will run down the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 into the separation tank 32 due to gravity. Furthermore, the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 will be consolidated due to the magnetic force of the magnetic disks 36. Thereby, dehydration of the magnetic flocks F
will be promoted to the extent that they will turn into sludge forms with moisture content of about 90%.
The magnetic flocks F with their dehydration being promoted are to be conveyed by the continuous rotation of the magnetic disks 36 up to where the gutter-shaped scrapers 60 are arranged, at which point they will be scraped off by the edge parts 60A of both sides of respective gutter-shaped scrapers 60 and drop into the gutter-shaped scrapers 60. The magnetic flocks F being drapped inside the gutter-shaped scrapers 60 are to be conveyed by the conveying devices 62, which could be the screw conveyers 64 or the finned belt conveyers 66, to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42 and drop into the flock retrieving tank 42.
Since the magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention is provided with the flow dividing members 46 arranged directly underneath the plurality of magnetic disks 36, it is possible to have the magnetic flocks F in the raw water efficiently adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36.
Moreover, by arranging the sealing plates 48 between the respective magnetic disks 36 and the separation tank 32, the raw water will not short-pass through the peripheral surfaces of those magnetic disks 36 that are not exerting magnetic force and overflow into the troughs 40. Thereby, it is possible to prevent water quality of the treated water overflowing into the troughs 40 from deteriorating.
Furthermore, among the plurality of magnetic disks 36 arranged on the rotation axis 34, the inner magnetic disks 36B are structured as having the same structures as the ones in the conventional art, that is, each of them is structured as having permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged on both sides of the disk substrate 33, whereas with respect to the outmost magnetic disks 36A, each of them is structured as having the permanent magnet pieces 37 for exerting magnetic force arranged only on the inner side surface of the disk substrate 33 (i.e. the surface on the side of the inner magnetic disk 36B). In addition to that, the disk substrates 33 of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A with the permanent magnet pieces being arranged are made to have more enhanced stiffness than the disk substrates 33 of the respective inrier magnetic disks 36B. In this case, by adopting honey comb structures to the magnetic disks 36, it will be possible to have lighter magnetic disks 36 while securing necessary stiffness.
In addition, the shielding members 54 are arranged to fill in the gaps between respective outer surfaces of the outmost magnetic disks 36A and the inner surface of the separation tank 32. Thereby, it is possible to prevent magnetic leakage from the outmost magnetic disks 36A and to prevent the outmost magnetic disks 36A from being deformed. What is more, by this arrangement, the raw water will not pass through the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A to flow out into the troughs 40, whereby the water quality of the treated water will not be deteriorated.
Moreover, by adopting gutter-shaped ,scrapers 60 for the retrieving device 38, it is possible to reliably retrieve the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36.
While the magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention have been explained in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, needless to say, various improvements and modifications may be added without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a cross section of a part of the magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a sectional side view of the magnetic separation apparatus 20, and Fig. 5 is a sectional front view of the magnetic separation apparatus 20.
As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the magnetic separating device 20 according to the present invention mainly includes: a separation tank 32 where raw water containing magnetic flocks F flow into; a plurality of magnetic disks 36 which are arranged, at predetermined intervals, on a rotation axis 34 provided inside the separation tank 32 in the horizontal direction, and which are to adsorb the magnetic flocks F by their magnetic force; and a retrieving device 38 which is to retrieve the magnetic flocks F
adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36. In this embodiment, although explanation will be given on a case where three to four magnetic disks 36 are used, the number of the magnetic disks 36 is not limited to such particular numbers.
The separation tank 32 is formed in a shape of a half cylinder which is opened in the upper part and closed by side walls 41 in its both end faces (ref. Fig.
5). On both sides (the right and the left sides in Fig. 3) of the separation tank 32, a pair of troughs 40 are formed in parallel with the rotation axis 34, and they have concave shapes at cross section. Those troughs 40 are formed integrally with the separation tank 32.
In the outside of the trough 40, a flock retrieving tank 42 is provided. The flock retrieving tank 42 is formed in parallel with the trough 40, and has a concave shape at cross section.
As shown in Fig. 3, the flock retrieving tank 42 is provided on the right side (the right side in Fig. 3) where the rotating magnetic dis:ks 36 enter in the raw water.
As shown in Fig. 5, in the upper parts of the pair of side walls 41 of the separation tank 32, the rotation axis 34 is supported by axis bearings 35 in a rotatable way, while one end of the rotation axis 34 is connected with a motor 39. On the rotation axis 34, a plurality of magnetic disks 36 each of which having a fitting hole in the central part are fit-supported while having a predetermined interval between each other. Between each adjacent magnetic disks 36, a sleeve 31 is provided in such a way as to adjust the interval between the adjacent rnagnetic disks 36 and fix the inner periphery of the adjacent magnetic disks 36. It is preferable that the interval between each adjacent magnetic disks 36 is set to a value within a range of one to three times the thickness of the magnetic disk 36. If the inteival is less than one time the thickness of the magnetic disk 36, it will be difficult for the raw water to flow between the magnetic disks 36. Whereas if the interval is over three times the thickness of the magnetic disk 36 and becomes too wide, it will be difficult for the magnetic disks 36 to generate strong 5 magnetic force between each other.
It is preferable that each of the plurality of the magnetic disks 36 being supported by the rotation axis 34 goes under the raw water in the separation tank 32 by 1/2 to 2/3 portion of it. In such case where the magnetic disks 36 are arranged such that they partly go under the water, the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 10 36 in the raw water are to be retrieved by the retrieving device 38 when the magnetic disks 36 rotate and bring the magnetic flocks F to the air. Accordingly, it is important to set such sinking rate of the magnetic disks 36 that could render adsorption and retrieval efficiencies of the magnetic flocks F the best. Therefore, for instance, making the pair of axis bearings 35 be supported by a pair of elevating machines, which are not shown, so that the magnetic disks 36 can move up and down by a hydraulic mechanism or the like and so that the sinking rate can be made variable, should be a likeable method.
Moreover, in the lower end of the separation tank 32, a feed-water inlet 44 having a square tube shape which is longer in the direction of the rotation axis 34 is formed. This feed-water inlet 44 and an outlet of the flocculation device 14 are connected by a pipe arrangement 43 (ref. Fig. 4). In the feed-water inlet 44, a plurality of flow dividing members 46 are arranged (ref: Fig. 5). As shown in Fig. 5, these flow dividing members 46 are arranged directly underneath the respective magnetic disks 36, and each of them has a wedge shape, at cross section, whose thickness W1 in the upper end is the same as a thickness W2 of the magnetic disk 36 and becomes thinner towards the lower end. Furthermore, as can be seen in Fig. 4, a width dimension D1 of each flow dividing member 46 is smaller than a wicith D2 of the feed-water inlet 44, whereby the raw water supplied through the feed-water inlet 44 can be divided into right and left gaps 44A and 44B each of which formed between the feed-water inlet 44 and the flow dividing member 46.
As shown in Fig. 4, by having these flow dividing members 46, the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet 44 will hit each flow dividing member 46 and divide its flow in radial right and left directions of each magnetic disk 36. In this way, by ll having the raw water supplied through the feecl-water inlet 44 divided into two flows in the right and left directions by letting the raw water hit each flow dividing member 46, a flow rate of the raw water flowing between each adjacent magnetic disks 36 can be reduced, whereby the raw water will become a slow upward flow that moves upwardly passing among the magnetic disks 36. Thereby, it is possible to have the magnetic flocks F in the raw water efficiently adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36. In addition, by reducing the flow rate of the upward flow, the magnetic flocks F once adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 will become hard to conie off.
Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 5, the raw water entering the separation tank 32 from the feed-water inlet 44 is to be also divided in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks 36 by the flow dividing members 46. T'hereby, it is possible to prevent the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 from coming off due to the flow of the raw water being supplied through the feed-water inlet 44. That is, as can be understood from Fig. 5, without the arrangement of the wedge-shaped flow dividing members 46, the peripheral surfaces 36a of the: magnetic disks 36 will be exposed directly to the upward flow of the raw water being supplied from the feed-water inlet 44.
That is, as can be seen in Fig. 6, the flow of the raw water in a state where there are no flow dividing members 46 will become a fast upward flow as shown by the dotted lines that flows through the vicinity of the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36, and therefore, among the magnetic flocks F that have adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36, especially the ones near the peripheral surfaces 36a might get scraped off due to the flow of the raw water and thus niight drop into the raw water.
On the other hand, by having the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 not exposed directly to the flow of the raw water due to the flow dividing members 46, the raw water entering through the feed-water inlet 44 will flow with a slower speed as it hits the flow dividing members 46 and it will further be divided in the thickness direction of the magnetic disks 36, as shown by the solid arrovved lines in Fig. 6. Therefore, the magnetic flocks F once adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 will not be scraped off due to the flow of the raw water.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 4, the separation tank 32 is provided with sealing plates 48 which seal the gaps between the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 and the inner surface of the separation tank 32 so that the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet 44 will not take a shorter route through the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 and flow out into the troughs 40.
As shown in Fig. 7, the sealing plates 48 have their base ends fixed to a turning axis 50 which is supported by the separation tank 32 in a turnable way, and have their apical ends as being free ends touching the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36. The turning axis 50 is urged by a spring, etc., which is not shown, to rotate in the direction of the arrow. Thereby, since the sealing plates 48 are contacting the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 with predetermined contact force, they can prevent the raw water from taking a shorter route through the peripheral surfaces 36a of the magnetic disks 36 without disturbing the rotation of the magnetic disks 36. As for the material of the sealing plates 48, elastic material which is softer than the magnetic disk 36 should be used preferably, and in this respect, rubber plates, for instance, can be suitable for use as the sealing plates.
Now a description will be given on the magnetic disks 36.
The magnetic disk 36 is structured as including a nonmagnetic case 45 having a torus-shape cavity inside, a number of permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged inside the nonmagnetic case 45 and a ferromagnetic disk substrate 33 sandwiched between the permanent magnet pieces 37. In the central part of the disk substrate 33, there is a hole for reeving the rotation axis 34. Normally, three or more magnetic disks 36 are mounted on the rotation axis 34.
With respect to such magnetic disks 36, the ones in the conventional art as shown in Fig. 8A have the permanent magnet pieces 37 on both sides of the respective ferromagnetic disk substrates 33 with respect to the outmost magnetic disks arranged on both ends of the rotation axis 34 and with respect to the inner magnetic disks 36B arranged inwardly near the center from both ends of the rotation axis 34.
Therefore, in the conventional cases, problems such as magnetic leakage from the outmost magnetic disks 36A to the outside of the separation tank 32, deformation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A, etc. could occur.
With respect to the inner magnetic disks 36B, because there are opposed magnetic disks on both sides of each of them, as long as they are arranged at equal intervals, the magnetic force of the inner magnetic disks 36B should be kept in a balanced state and thus the inner magnetic disks 36B should be free of the problems of magnetic leakage, deformation, etc.
As a counter measure to such problems in the conventional art, Fig. 8B shows a different arrangement of the magnetic disks 36A and 36B. As shown in Fig. 8B, the inner magnetic disks 36B have the same structure as the ones in the conventional art, that is, each of them is structured as having permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged on both sides of the disk substrate 33 in such a way as to sandwich the ferromagnetic disk substrate 33 therebetween. On the other hancl, with respect to the outmost magnetic disks 36A, each of them has the permanent magnet pieces 37 for exerting magnetic force arranged only on the inner side surface of the disk substrate 33 (i.e. the surface on the side of the inner magnetic disk 36B) while a single iron plate 52 is arranged on the outer side surface of the disk substrate 33 in a way such that the magnet pieces 37 and iron plate 52 are sandwiching the disk substrate 33 therebetween. In this case, the disk substrate 33 is essentially ferromagnetic, although the iron plate 52 can be either ferromagnetic or nonmagnetic. In addition, the disk substrate 33 and the iron plate 52 can have an integrated form by being structured as a one thick ferromagnetic body.
Thereby, the outmost magnetic disks 36A are arranged to be able to have more enhanced stiffness than the inner magnetic disks 36B. ln enhancing the stiffness of the outmost magnetic disks 36A, it is important that the stiffness is enhanced to the extent that the outmost magnetic disks 36A will not be deformed due to the influence of the magnetic force from the inner magnetic disks 36B. Accordingly, it is preferable that a thickness of the iron plate 52 is properly determined on the basis of a distance between the outmost magnetic disk 36A and the inner magnetic dislc 36B, magnetic force of the permanent magnet pieces 37, material of the disk substrate 33, and so forth.
With respect to the outmost magnetic disk 36A or with respect to the inner magnetic disk 36B, in the case of having the disk substrate 33 made of ferromagnetic material, it should be more preferable that the permanent magnet pieces 37 are glued to the disk substrate 33 with an adhesive agent, although it is also possible to have the permanent magnet pieces 37 directly attached to the disk substrate 33 using the magnetic force of the permanent magnet pieces 37. At this time, it is also possible to arrange such that resin is molded to the space formed inside the case 45.
Furthermore, in order to enhance the stiffness of the magnetic disks 36, it is also possible to have pockets (not shown) formed on the surfaces of the ferromagnetic disk substrates 33 so that the permanent magnet pieces 37 can fit in those pockets.
A method of manufacturing the magnetic disk 36 having a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 37 fixed to the surfaces of the disk substrate 33 includes: a disk substrate formation process for forming the disk substrate 33 into a honeycomb structure in which at least one of the surfaces of the disk. substrate 33 have a plurality of holes serving as the above-mentioned pockets; a magnet fitting process for fitting the permanent magnet pieces 37 in the pockets formed on the disk substrate 33; and a placing process for placing the disk substrate 33 with the permanent magnet pieces 37 being fitted therein inside the case 45 having a torus-shape cavity formed inside.
Thereby, it is possible to enhance the stiffness of the magnetic disk 36 since the sidewalls of the pockets serve as ribs (reinforcing members). In this case, it is necessary that the pockets are made of nonmagnetic material, and the pockets are to be glued to the ferromagnetic disk substrate 33 w:ith an adhesive agent. The reason for this is that, if the pockets are made of magnetic material, ferromagnetic material in particular, magnetic flux will be absorbed by the sidewalls of the pockets, which results in increasing magnetic field only in the vicinity of the surfaces of the magnets while it will become difficult to form high magnetic field in places apart from the permanent magnet pieces 37 with respect to the magnetization direction.
By structuring the outmost magnetic disks 36A in this way, it is possible to resolve the problem of magnetic leakage with a simple measure without having to adopt a magnetic shield, a magnetic coil, etc., and what is more, the outmost magnetic disks 36A will not de deformed. Meanwhile, in forming the inner magnetic disk 36B as having pockets, the pockets should be formed on both sides of the disk substrate 33.
However, by not having the permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged on the outer surfaces of the disk substrates 33 of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A, there will be a risk that the raw water passing between the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A and the inner surface of the separation tank 32 may flow out into the troughs without having the magnetic flocks F being adsorbed and separated. As a countermeasure to this problem, as shown in Fig. 5, shielding members 54 are arranged to fill in the gaps between the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A and the inner surface of the separation tank 32. These shielding members 54 are arranged in such a way as to not disturb the rotation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A.
As for the shielding members 54, it is important that they will not disturb the rotation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A, and thus, material that has less friction and that is soft 5 such as resin, sponge, etc. can be used preferably. In this way, even though the permanent magnet pieces 37 are not arranged on the outer surfaces of the disk substrates 33 of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A, the magnetic flocks F will not flow out into the troughs 40 as they are. As can be seen in Fig. 5, there are still concave shaped gaps formed between the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A
10 and the inner surface of the separation tank 32 even though there are shielding members 54 to seal the gaps. However, this is nothing to be concerned of because the raw water will not be retained in those concave shaped gaps due to the influence of the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the outmost magnetic disks 36A.
In addition, there is a method that forms the cases 45 of the respective magnetic 15 disks 36 into honey comb structures for the pui-pose of enhancing the stiffness of the outmost magnetic disks 36A. By adopting this method, it is also possible to have lighter magnetic disks 36. This method regarding the honey comb structure is not necessary applicable to the outmost magnetic clisks 36A only, but can be applied to the inner magnetic disks 36B as well.
Now a description will be given on the flock retrieving device 38 that retrieves the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36.
The flock retrieving device 38 includes mainly composed of gutter-shaped scrapers 60 and conveying devices 62.
Each of the gutter-shaped scrapers 60 is provided in a form of a gutter that extend from the vicinity of the rotation axis 34 to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42, and it is arranged such that it comes between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks 36 just before entering the raw water froin the air (ref. Fig. 5). Each gutter-shaped scraper 60 is structured such that its edge parts 60A in the upper ends of both sides of it are to contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 with predetermined urging force, by which the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 can be scraped off.
The conveying devices 62 are provided inside respective gutter-shaped scrapers 60, and each of them is to convey the magnetic flocks F, which have been scraped off, dropped and piled up inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60, to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42 where it drops the magnetic flocks F into the flock retrieving tank 42.
As for the conveying device 62, a screw conveyer 64 or a finned belt conveyer 66 can be used preferably. Figs. 9 to 11 are showing the case when the screw conveyer 64 is adopted, whereas Figs. 12 and 13 are showing the case when the finned belt conveyer 66 is adopted. In Figs. 9, 10 and 12, only the magnetic flocks F that are on the parts of the magnetic disks 36 exposed in the air are showri.
As shown in Fig. 9, the gutter-shaped scraper 60 has its edge parts 60A in the upper ends of both sides of it contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 with predetermined pressing force, while the upper end edge parts 60A are formed in sharp thin-walled shapes. With this structure, the niagnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36, which are rotating in the clockwise direction, are to be scraped off by the upper end edge parts 60A o;f the gutter-shaped scraper 60, and dropped into the gutter-shaped scraper 60.
As shown in Figs. 9 to 11, a screw part 64A of the screw conveyer 64 is contained inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60, and one end of the screw part 64A is connected to a motor 64B. In this case, as shown in Fig. 11, the inner surface of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 from its sides to bottom should preferably have a semicircular shape so that no dead space will be formed for conveyance. Thereby, the magnetic flocks F which have been dropped and piled up inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60 will be conveyed by the screw conveyer 64 to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42 where they are to be dropped inside the flock r=etrieving tank 42.
On the other hand, in the case of adopting the finned belt conveyer 66 to function as the conveying device 62, the structure will be as shown in Figs.
12 and 13.
The finned belt conveyer 66 is provided with a pair of pulleys 68 on both sides of the magnetic disk 36 in the radial direction of the magnetic disk, and an endless belt 70 having fins 69 is wrapped around the pair of pulleys. One of the pulleys 68 in the pair is connected to a driving device such as a motor, etc., which is not shown.
This endless belt 70 is not supposed to contact with the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36.
The fins 69 are provided in a large number at predetermined intervals on the outer surface of the endless belt 70, and they are formed as being vertical with respect to the endless belt 70.
In this case, as shown in Fig. 13, the inner surface of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 from its sides to bottom should preferably have a shape that suites the shape of the fin 69 so that no dead space will be formed for conveyarLce. For instance, if the shape of the fin 69 is an inverted trapezoid, then the inner surface shape of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 should also be an inverted trapezoid.
In Figs. 9 to 13, although supporting nzechanisms for the gutter-shaped scraper 60 and the pulleys 68 of the finned belt conveyer 66 are not shown in particular, it is possible to have them supported by the main frame of the magnetic separation apparatus 20, for instance. As for the slope of the gutter-shaped scraper 60, the one shown in Fig.
10 (i.e. the one with the screw conveyer) has a slope which is diagonally right up, whereas the one shown in Fig. 12 (i.e. the one with the f nned belt conveyer) has a slope which is diagonally right down. However, it is preferable that the slope is diagonally right up. By having a diagonally right up slope for the gutter-shaped scraper 60, it is possible to prevent moisture coming out of the magnetic flocks F, while the magnetic flocks F drop and pile up inside the gutter-shaped scraper 60 and then be conveyed by the conveying device, from flowing into the flock retrieving tank 42. It is important that the magnetic flocks F to be retrieved by the flock retrieving tank 42 should contain moisture as low as possible to have reduced volume. For this purpose, it is preferable that an adjustment device (not shown) for adjusting a slope of the retrieving device 38 as a whole is provided so that the diagonally right up slope of the gutter-shaped scraper 60 can be adjusted. For instance, with respect to the retrieving device 38 adopting the screw conveyer system, it is possible to have a. structure in which the gutter-shaped scraper 60 is supported by a turning axis at its central part in the length direction, so that the gutter-shaped scraper 60 could become swingable like a seesaw using an expansion device such as a cylinder device, etc.
Next, operation of the magnetic separation apparatus 20 structured in the above-described manner will be described.
The raw water containing the magnet:ic flocks F is to enter from the feed-water inlet 44 formed in the lower end of the separation tank 32 and have its flow divided by the flow dividing members 46. By the flow dividing members 46, the raw water will have its flow dived to both right and left sides with respect to the surfaces of the continuously rotating magnetic disks 36, and along with that, it will also have its flow divided so that it will flow into a ferromagnetic space between each adjacent magnetic disks 36. While the divided raw water flows l.ipwardly within the separation tank 32, the magnetic flocks F in the raw water will be adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36. The treated water which is being purified by having the magnetic flocks F
adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 will overflow into the pair of troughs 40 provided on both right and left sides of the magnetic disks 36.
On the other hand, the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 are to be carried into the air above the surface of the water by the continuous rotation of the magnetic disks 36, and thus they will be exposed to the air. As the magnetic flocks F get exposed to the air, moisture of the magnetic flocks F will run down the surfaces of the magnetic disks 36 into the separation tank 32 due to gravity. Furthermore, the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36 will be consolidated due to the magnetic force of the magnetic disks 36. Thereby, dehydration of the magnetic flocks F
will be promoted to the extent that they will turn into sludge forms with moisture content of about 90%.
The magnetic flocks F with their dehydration being promoted are to be conveyed by the continuous rotation of the magnetic disks 36 up to where the gutter-shaped scrapers 60 are arranged, at which point they will be scraped off by the edge parts 60A of both sides of respective gutter-shaped scrapers 60 and drop into the gutter-shaped scrapers 60. The magnetic flocks F being drapped inside the gutter-shaped scrapers 60 are to be conveyed by the conveying devices 62, which could be the screw conveyers 64 or the finned belt conveyers 66, to the upper side of the flock retrieving tank 42 and drop into the flock retrieving tank 42.
Since the magnetic separation apparatus 20 according to the present invention is provided with the flow dividing members 46 arranged directly underneath the plurality of magnetic disks 36, it is possible to have the magnetic flocks F in the raw water efficiently adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36.
Moreover, by arranging the sealing plates 48 between the respective magnetic disks 36 and the separation tank 32, the raw water will not short-pass through the peripheral surfaces of those magnetic disks 36 that are not exerting magnetic force and overflow into the troughs 40. Thereby, it is possible to prevent water quality of the treated water overflowing into the troughs 40 from deteriorating.
Furthermore, among the plurality of magnetic disks 36 arranged on the rotation axis 34, the inner magnetic disks 36B are structured as having the same structures as the ones in the conventional art, that is, each of them is structured as having permanent magnet pieces 37 arranged on both sides of the disk substrate 33, whereas with respect to the outmost magnetic disks 36A, each of them is structured as having the permanent magnet pieces 37 for exerting magnetic force arranged only on the inner side surface of the disk substrate 33 (i.e. the surface on the side of the inner magnetic disk 36B). In addition to that, the disk substrates 33 of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A with the permanent magnet pieces being arranged are made to have more enhanced stiffness than the disk substrates 33 of the respective inrier magnetic disks 36B. In this case, by adopting honey comb structures to the magnetic disks 36, it will be possible to have lighter magnetic disks 36 while securing necessary stiffness.
In addition, the shielding members 54 are arranged to fill in the gaps between respective outer surfaces of the outmost magnetic disks 36A and the inner surface of the separation tank 32. Thereby, it is possible to prevent magnetic leakage from the outmost magnetic disks 36A and to prevent the outmost magnetic disks 36A from being deformed. What is more, by this arrangement, the raw water will not pass through the outer surfaces of the respective outmost magnetic disks 36A to flow out into the troughs 40, whereby the water quality of the treated water will not be deteriorated.
Moreover, by adopting gutter-shaped ,scrapers 60 for the retrieving device 38, it is possible to reliably retrieve the magnetic flocks F adsorbed onto the magnetic disks 36.
While the magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention have been explained in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, needless to say, various improvements and modifications may be added without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A magnetic separation apparatus, comprising:
a separation tank to which raw water containing magnetic flocks is to flow into, the separation tank having a feed-water inlet provided in the lower end of the separation tank for supplying the raw water to the separation tank as an upward flow;
a plurality of magnetic disks which adsorb the magnetic flocks by use of magnetic force, the plurality of magnetic disks being arranged at predetermined intervals on a rotation axis provided in the separation tank and being substantially half sunk in the raw water in the separation tank;
a retrieving device which retrieves the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks;
flow dividing members, provided directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, which divide the flow of the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet in right and left directions with respect to surfaces of the magnetic disks and in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks; and a pair of troughs, provided on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to the rotation axis, where treated water after removing the magnetic flocks from the raw water by the magnetic disks overflows.
a separation tank to which raw water containing magnetic flocks is to flow into, the separation tank having a feed-water inlet provided in the lower end of the separation tank for supplying the raw water to the separation tank as an upward flow;
a plurality of magnetic disks which adsorb the magnetic flocks by use of magnetic force, the plurality of magnetic disks being arranged at predetermined intervals on a rotation axis provided in the separation tank and being substantially half sunk in the raw water in the separation tank;
a retrieving device which retrieves the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the magnetic disks;
flow dividing members, provided directly underneath the respective magnetic disks, which divide the flow of the raw water supplied from the feed-water inlet in right and left directions with respect to surfaces of the magnetic disks and in a thickness direction of the magnetic disks; and a pair of troughs, provided on opposing sides of the separation tank parallel to the rotation axis, where treated water after removing the magnetic flocks from the raw water by the magnetic disks overflows.
2. The magnetic separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow dividing member is formed so that the flow dividing member has a thickness at the upper end being the same as a thickness of the magnetic disk, and has a wedge shape at cross section in which the thickness becomes thinner towards the lower end.
3. The magnetic separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the feed-water inlet is formed in a square tube shape which is longer in the direction of the rotation axis.
4. The magnetic separation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising sealing plates provided between peripheral surfaces of the respective magnetic disks and an inner surface of the separation tank in a way such that base ends of the sealing plates are fixed to the inner surface of the separation tank and apical ends of the sealing plates as being free ends contact the peripheral surfaces of the magnetic disks.
5. The magnetic separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the retrieving device includes:
gutter-shaped scrapers, each of which being provided, in a form of a gutter extending from the vicinity of the rotation axis to the outside of the separation tank, between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks just before entering the raw water from the air, each of the gutter-shaped scrapers having edge parts in the upper ends of both sides contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks with predetermined urging force to scrape off the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks; and conveying devices provided inside respective gutter-shaped scrapers, each of which conveys the magnetic flocks being scraped off, dropped and accumulated inside the gutter-shaped scraper to the outside of the separation tank.
gutter-shaped scrapers, each of which being provided, in a form of a gutter extending from the vicinity of the rotation axis to the outside of the separation tank, between two adjacent rotating magnetic disks just before entering the raw water from the air, each of the gutter-shaped scrapers having edge parts in the upper ends of both sides contact the surfaces of the magnetic disks with predetermined urging force to scrape off the magnetic flocks adsorbed onto the surfaces of the magnetic disks; and conveying devices provided inside respective gutter-shaped scrapers, each of which conveys the magnetic flocks being scraped off, dropped and accumulated inside the gutter-shaped scraper to the outside of the separation tank.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007-257791 | 2007-10-01 | ||
| JP2007257791 | 2007-10-01 | ||
| JP2008-019094 | 2008-01-30 | ||
| JP2008019094A JP5115219B2 (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2008-01-30 | Magnetic separation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2640019A1 true CA2640019A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| CA2640019C CA2640019C (en) | 2016-01-05 |
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ID=40515011
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2640019A Expired - Fee Related CA2640019C (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2008-09-29 | Magnetic separation apparatus |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2640019C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009044719A1 (en) |
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| US8562829B2 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2013-10-22 | Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. | Magnetic separation apparatus and waste water treatment apparatus |
| US8808548B2 (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2014-08-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Magnetic separation apparatus and magnetic separation method, and wastewater treatment apparatus and wastewater treatment method |
| WO2015164302A1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-10-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for killing and removing microorganisms and scale using separation unit equipped with rotating magnets |
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| JP4968546B2 (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー | Magnetic separation device |
| US8715506B2 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2014-05-06 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Apparatus and method for density separator for drilling fluid |
| CN101940978B (en) * | 2010-04-10 | 2012-06-20 | 王全永 | Wet magnetic separator |
| CN117446903B (en) * | 2023-10-28 | 2024-07-09 | 宝鸡嘉木禾环保科技有限公司 | Oily sludge sewage treatment equipment |
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| JP2930107B2 (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1999-08-03 | 日立プラント建設株式会社 | Sewage treatment equipment |
| JP3241462B2 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 2001-12-25 | 稲葉 栄子 | Method and apparatus for magnetically coagulating impurities in liquid |
| JPH10244424A (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-09-14 | Makino Milling Mach Co Ltd | Chip separation device for electrical discharge machine |
| JP4139547B2 (en) * | 1999-11-02 | 2008-08-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Membrane magnetic separator |
| JP3325010B2 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-09-17 | 株式会社プロジェクト・オーガン | Magnetic solid-liquid separator |
| JP2002066375A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-05 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic separation device for material to be removed |
| JP2002102745A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-09 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Magnetic separator |
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- 2008-09-30 WO PCT/JP2008/067715 patent/WO2009044719A1/en active Application Filing
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| CA2640019C (en) | 2016-01-05 |
| WO2009044719A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
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