CA2617986C - Methode pour l'exploitation d'une turbine a gaz et une turbine a gaz pour la mise en oeuvre de la methode - Google Patents
Methode pour l'exploitation d'une turbine a gaz et une turbine a gaz pour la mise en oeuvre de la methode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2617986C CA2617986C CA2617986A CA2617986A CA2617986C CA 2617986 C CA2617986 C CA 2617986C CA 2617986 A CA2617986 A CA 2617986A CA 2617986 A CA2617986 A CA 2617986A CA 2617986 C CA2617986 C CA 2617986C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- combustor
- syngas
- turbine
- nitrogen
- gas turbine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010016754 Flashback Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
- F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/003—Gas-turbine plants with heaters between turbine stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
- F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
- F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
- F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
- F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
- F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
- F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
- F25J3/046—Completely integrated air feed compression, i.e. common MAC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US70677805P | 2005-08-10 | 2005-08-10 | |
US60/706,778 | 2005-08-10 | ||
CH02020/05 | 2005-12-20 | ||
CH20202005 | 2005-12-20 | ||
PCT/EP2006/064790 WO2007017406A1 (fr) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-28 | Procede pour faire fonctionner une turbine a gaz, et turbine a gaz pour mettre en oeuvre le procede |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2617986A1 CA2617986A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 |
CA2617986C true CA2617986C (fr) | 2014-07-22 |
Family
ID=37310776
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA2617986A Expired - Fee Related CA2617986C (fr) | 2005-08-10 | 2006-07-28 | Methode pour l'exploitation d'une turbine a gaz et une turbine a gaz pour la mise en oeuvre de la methode |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2009504964A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2617986C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE112006001991B4 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007017406A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2107227B1 (fr) | 2008-04-03 | 2013-07-24 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Procédé de commande pour une installation de turbine à gaz |
US9863284B2 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2018-01-09 | General Electric Company | Power generation system having compressor creating excess air flow and cooling fluid injection therefor |
GB2539667B (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2018-04-04 | Siemens Ag | Method and equipment for combustion of ammonia |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE947843C (de) * | 1954-09-11 | 1956-08-23 | Henschel & Sohn G M B H | Verfahren zur Verwendung des bei Druckvergasern anfallenden Schleusengases im Gasturbinenbetrieb |
DE2503193A1 (de) * | 1975-01-27 | 1976-07-29 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines heizgases durch druckvergasung kohlenstoffhaltiger brennstoffe |
JPS5880381A (ja) * | 1981-11-09 | 1983-05-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 石炭ガス化方法及び石炭ガス化装置 |
US4785622A (en) | 1984-12-03 | 1988-11-22 | General Electric Company | Integrated coal gasification plant and combined cycle system with air bleed and steam injection |
CH687269A5 (de) | 1993-04-08 | 1996-10-31 | Abb Management Ag | Gasturbogruppe. |
US5406786A (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1995-04-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated air separation - gas turbine electrical generation process |
JPH07305607A (ja) * | 1994-05-10 | 1995-11-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 石炭ガス化発電プラント |
DE19508018A1 (de) | 1995-03-07 | 1996-09-12 | Abb Management Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Kraftwerksanlage |
US5740673A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1998-04-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Operation of integrated gasification combined cycle power generation systems at part load |
JPH1130131A (ja) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-02-02 | Hitachi Ltd | ガス化複合発電プラント及びその運転方法 |
JP3709669B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-11 | 2005-10-26 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ガス化統合複合発電プラント |
GB2335953A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-06 | Magnox Electric Plc | Air extraction from a power generation turbine |
GB2346177B (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2003-03-19 | Alstom Gas Turbines Ltd | Gas turbine engine |
JP2000240467A (ja) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-09-05 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 危急時用シンガスホルダーを備えたガス化複合発電システム |
JP2000345856A (ja) * | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-12 | Hitachi Ltd | ガス化発電プラントおよびその運転方法 |
DE19952885A1 (de) * | 1999-11-03 | 2001-05-10 | Alstom Power Schweiz Ag Baden | Verfahren und Betrieb einer Kraftwerksanlage |
US6513317B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2003-02-04 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for controlling nitrogen injection into gas turbine |
JP2002221047A (ja) * | 2001-01-22 | 2002-08-09 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | ガスタービン |
GB2373299B (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2004-10-27 | Alstom Power Nv | Re-fired gas turbine engine |
JP2004028352A (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 逆火・自着火防止燃料噴射弁を備えた低NOx燃焼器 |
-
2006
- 2006-07-28 CA CA2617986A patent/CA2617986C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-28 WO PCT/EP2006/064790 patent/WO2007017406A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-07-28 DE DE112006001991.0T patent/DE112006001991B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-28 JP JP2008525535A patent/JP2009504964A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007017406A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 |
DE112006001991A5 (de) | 2008-09-11 |
DE112006001991B4 (de) | 2022-07-14 |
JP2009504964A (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
CA2617986A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7574855B2 (en) | Method for operating a gas turbine and a gas turbine for implementing the method | |
US7584598B2 (en) | Method for operating a gas turbine and a gas turbine for implementing the method | |
US8375723B2 (en) | Method for operating a gas turbine | |
US7584599B2 (en) | Method for operating a gas turbine as well as a gas turbine for implementing the method | |
US7603841B2 (en) | Vortex combustor for low NOx emissions when burning lean premixed high hydrogen content fuel | |
US20070234735A1 (en) | Fuel-flexible combustion sytem and method of operation | |
CA2934542A1 (fr) | Production d'electricite a faible emission et systemes et procedes de recuperation d'hydrocarbures | |
JP2011530033A (ja) | 代替作動流体でガスタービンエンジンを作動させるシステム及び方法 | |
JP2011530034A (ja) | 代替作動流体でガスタービンエンジンを作動させるシステム及び方法 | |
JP2010065695A (ja) | 加熱用低btu燃料流量比ダクトバーナ及び熱回収システム | |
KR102429643B1 (ko) | 가스 터빈의 연소 안정성 개선 시스템 및 방법 | |
US7513118B2 (en) | Method for operating a gas turbine and a gas turbine for implementing the method | |
CN101532432A (zh) | 将稀释剂喷射到燃气轮机组件中的方法 | |
CA2618030C (fr) | Une methode pour l'exploitation d'une turbine a gaz et une turbine a gaz pour la mise en oeuvre de la methode | |
CA2617986C (fr) | Methode pour l'exploitation d'une turbine a gaz et une turbine a gaz pour la mise en oeuvre de la methode | |
US20030150216A1 (en) | Gas turbine | |
AU2009345819A1 (en) | Vortex combustor for low NOx emissions when burning lean premixed high hydrogen content fuel | |
US7832213B2 (en) | Operating method for a turbogroup | |
US8539776B2 (en) | Generating power using an ion transport membrane | |
JPH06207527A (ja) | ガスタービンにおける多段燃焼法 | |
CA2618007C (fr) | Procede pour actionner une turbine a gaz et turbine a gaz appropriee pour mettre ledit procede en oeuvre | |
CA2618016C (fr) | Procede pour actionner une turbine a gaz et turbine a gaz appropriee pour mettre ledit procede en oeuvre | |
US20240009616A1 (en) | Carbon capture system comprising a gas turbine with two burners | |
Camporeale et al. | Thermodynamic analysis of semi-closed gas turbine combined cycles with high temperature diluted air combustion | |
KR100355309B1 (ko) | 산소분리장치의 잉여질소를 이용한 석탄가스화 복합발전시스템 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20190729 |