CA2471791A1 - Compositions comprising animal or vegetable derived oil and ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer - Google Patents

Compositions comprising animal or vegetable derived oil and ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2471791A1
CA2471791A1 CA002471791A CA2471791A CA2471791A1 CA 2471791 A1 CA2471791 A1 CA 2471791A1 CA 002471791 A CA002471791 A CA 002471791A CA 2471791 A CA2471791 A CA 2471791A CA 2471791 A1 CA2471791 A1 CA 2471791A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
vinyl ester
composition
ethylene
copolymer
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002471791A
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French (fr)
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CA2471791C (en
Inventor
Jian Lin
Gerald I. Brown
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Infineum International Ltd
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Infineum International Ltd
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Publication of CA2471791A1 publication Critical patent/CA2471791A1/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1691—Hydrocarbons petroleum waxes, mineral waxes; paraffines; alkylation products; Friedel-Crafts condensation products; petroleum resins; modified waxes (oxidised)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1981—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Abstract

A composition comprising a major proportion of an oil obtained from methyl esters of animal or vegetable material or both or derivatives thereof, or its mixtures with petroleum-based oils, in admixture with an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer cold flow additive having at least 17 mole% vinyl ester units and containing 5 or more alkyl branches per 100 backbone methylenes. The copolymer improves the low temperature properties of the oil.

Claims (10)

1. A composition comprising an oil obtained from methyl esters of animal or vegetable material or both or derivatives thereof, or its mixtures with petroleum-based oils, in admixture with an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer cold flow additive having at least 17 mole% vinyl ester units and containing 5 or more alkyl branches per 100 backbone methylenes.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises one or more of the following:
(a) another ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer;
(b) a comb polymer;
(c) polar nitrogen compounds;
(d) a compound containing a cyclic ring system;
(e) a hydrocarbon polymer;
(f) a polyoxyalkylene compound;
(g) a hydrocarbylated-aromatic pour point depressant; or (h) alkyl phenol formaldehyde condensates.
3. The composition of claims 1 or 2, wherein the copolymer has 17-25 mole% vinyl ester.
4. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vinyl copolymer has 6-8 alkyl branches.
5. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vinyl ester is vinyl acetate having 17-19 mole% vinyl acetate.
6. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein said major proportion of oil is a biofuel selected from the group comprising methyl esters of rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, soyabean oil, sunflower oil, olive oil or palm oil.
7. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition includes 1 to 10,000 ppm, preferably 10 to 5,000 ppm, of cold flow additive (active ingredient) by weight per weight of oil.
8. An additive concentrate for blending with the oil of claim 1, comprising a solution of 3 to 75 wt.% of the copolymer of claim 1.
9. Use of an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer cold flow additive having at least 17 mole% vinyl ester units and containing 5 or more alkyl branches per backbone methylenes, to improve low temperature properties of an oil obtained from methyl esters of animal or vegetable material or both or derivatives thereof, or its mixtures with petroleum-based oils.
10. A method of improving low temperature properties of an oil obtained from methyl esters of animal or vegetable material or both or derivatives thereof, or its mixtures with petroleum-based oils, the method including the step of adding an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer cold flow additive having at least 17 mole%
vinyl ester units and containing 5 or more alkyl branches per 100 backbone methylenes, to the oil.
CA2471791A 2003-06-23 2004-06-22 Compositions comprising animal or vegetable derived oil and ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer Expired - Fee Related CA2471791C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03253948 2003-06-23
EP03253948.8 2003-06-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2471791A1 true CA2471791A1 (en) 2004-12-23
CA2471791C CA2471791C (en) 2012-06-05

Family

ID=33560884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2471791A Expired - Fee Related CA2471791C (en) 2003-06-23 2004-06-22 Compositions comprising animal or vegetable derived oil and ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050183326A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005015798A (en)
KR (1) KR20050000341A (en)
CN (1) CN100532513C (en)
AT (1) ATE552324T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2471791C (en)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10357877B4 (en) * 2003-12-11 2008-05-29 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Fuel oils from middle distillates and oils of vegetable or animal origin with improved cold properties
WO2006127350A2 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-11-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl- and hydroxy-substituted aromatic condensate
DE102005045134B4 (en) * 2005-09-22 2010-12-30 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Alkylphenol-aldehyde resins, compositions containing them for improving the low-flowability and lubricity of fuel oils and their use
DE102006022720B4 (en) * 2006-05-16 2008-10-02 Clariant International Limited Cold flow improver for vegetable or animal fuel oils
DE102006022718B4 (en) * 2006-05-16 2008-10-02 Clariant International Limited Composition of fuel oils
DE102006022698B4 (en) * 2006-05-16 2008-10-02 Clariant International Limited Composition of fuel oils
DE102006022719B4 (en) * 2006-05-16 2008-10-02 Clariant International Limited Cold flow improver for vegetable or animal fuel oils
KR100806517B1 (en) 2006-11-07 2008-02-21 김학로 Biodiesel manufacturing method with improved low temperature fluidity
KR101353895B1 (en) * 2007-01-29 2014-01-23 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 Method of making biodiesel with good low-temperature performance from palm oil
ATE547472T1 (en) 2009-09-25 2012-03-15 Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING THE COLD FLOW PROPERTIES OF FUEL OILS
JP2011122135A (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-06-23 Adeka Corp Low temperature fluidity improver for fatty acid methyl ester
JP5810576B2 (en) 2010-04-22 2015-11-11 日油株式会社 Fluidity improver for biodiesel fuel oil
FR3045660B1 (en) * 2015-12-21 2020-08-21 Arkema France COMPOSITION OF METHYL ESTERS OF LOW POUR POINT FATTY ACIDS
FR3113063B1 (en) * 2020-07-31 2022-08-12 Total Marketing Services Use of copolymers with specific molar mass distribution for lowering the filterability limit temperature of fuels or fuels

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4354011A (en) * 1978-10-02 1982-10-12 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Copolymers of ethylene and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, process for their preparation and distillate oil containing said copolymers
JPS58129096A (en) * 1982-01-27 1983-08-01 Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd Additive for fuel oil
US4623684A (en) * 1982-08-09 1986-11-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
JPS5953596A (en) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-28 Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The Fuel composition
GB9213870D0 (en) * 1992-06-30 1992-08-12 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Oil additives and compositions
GB9222458D0 (en) * 1992-10-26 1992-12-09 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Oil additives and compositions
GB9424565D0 (en) * 1994-12-06 1995-01-25 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Fuel oil compositions
JP3725347B2 (en) * 1998-09-09 2005-12-07 三洋化成工業株式会社 Fuel oil low temperature fluidity improver and fuel oil composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100532513C (en) 2009-08-26
CA2471791C (en) 2012-06-05
KR20050000341A (en) 2005-01-03
CN1572862A (en) 2005-02-02
JP2005015798A (en) 2005-01-20
ATE552324T1 (en) 2012-04-15
US20050183326A1 (en) 2005-08-25

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