CA2444750A1 - Plant for producing blocks and panels with a honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastics - Google Patents
Plant for producing blocks and panels with a honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2444750A1 CA2444750A1 CA002444750A CA2444750A CA2444750A1 CA 2444750 A1 CA2444750 A1 CA 2444750A1 CA 002444750 A CA002444750 A CA 002444750A CA 2444750 A CA2444750 A CA 2444750A CA 2444750 A1 CA2444750 A1 CA 2444750A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- skein
- welding
- sections
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D24/00—Producing articles with hollow walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/438—Joining sheets for making hollow-walled, channelled structures or multi-tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
- B29C65/7847—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/0089—Producing honeycomb structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/60—Multitubular or multicompartmented articles, e.g. honeycomb
- B29L2031/608—Honeycomb structures
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The plant for manufacturing blocks and panels with an hexagonal honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastic comprises a welding machine (1) that operates on the principle of external or internal welding, for welding sections of plastic strip so as to form an expandable skein (2), a heating device (3) for heating the skein to working temperature, a device (4) for stretching the skein (2), as well as a cutting device (5) for separating blocks (5) or panels (5a, Sb, Sc) that lie one on top of another from the skein (2).
Description
Plant for Producing Blocks and Panels with a Honeycomb Structure from Thermoplastic Plastics Because of their low weight, great strength and rigidity, and because the manufacturing technologies used to produce them are economical, honeycomb materials that are of plastic and have an hexagonal cells structure are being used to an increasing degree in various areas of technology, for example in machine construction, as insulating material in refrigeration technology, in road vehicles and in railway rolling stock, for example, in the bodies used for load-carrying vehicles, in scaffolding, in the aerospace industry, for high-performance sports equipment, as well as for building racing vehicles and ocean-going racing sailboats. Honeycomb materials impart the required safety and functionality to hi-tech machinery, and aircraft and spacecraft fuselages.
They impart the desired amount of elasticity to wings and rotor blades, impart the necessary stiffness to oceangoing sailboats, and because of their particularly low weight they make racing vehicles faster. Honeycomb materials that are of plastic are considerably more elastic when under pressure than is the case with honeycomb materials that are of aluminum.
This is one of the reasons why increasing use is made of such materials for aircraft floors.
The present invention relates to a plant for manufacturing block and panel elements having an hexagonal honeycomb structure, from thermoplastic plastics, with a welding machine for the cyclical welding of strip material so as to form an expandable skein, a heater to raise the skein to a working temperature, a device for stretching the skein, as well as a cutter for separating blocks or panels that lie one above another from the skein, the welder incorporating a holding device for the sections of strip that are to be welded to each other and a heater that incorporates heating elements that can be moved back and forth so as to heat the incoming strip sections strip by strip to the welding temperature of the strip material; weld strips that are offset by a specific amount are generated after a welding cycle by an opposite shift of the heating device in each strip section that is conveyed into a magazine. In addition, the welding machine also has a press device for welding the strip sections together to form a skein.
DE 198 30 380 A1 describes a plant of this type for manufacturing honeycomb materials; this plant comprises a section magazine for the strip sections that are used to make up the skein, a rotor with a plurality of processing tables, a finishing table with a throughfeed magazine, infrared heaters for heating the skein, a pair of expansion rollers for stretching the skein, and a cutter for cutting the skein into individual blocks. The incrementally driven rotor has six stations spaced at regular intervals around its periphery, through each of which a strip section is moved, provided with weld strips, and pressed against the skein ahead of the throughfeed magazine. Each of the rotor's processing stations has a radially displaceable girder-like beam for a strip section, a strip heater that is displaceable ahead of the section carrier, and a roller-like press device.
The strip heaters are moved axially back and forth, from one processing station to the next, so that the strip sections that follow one another in the skein are provided with appropriately offset strip welds. During the production of a skein, the strip heater is extended during the cyclical rotation of the rotor, so that the strip section that is taken from the section magazine lies between the section carrier and the heating elements of the comb-like heating device, the section Garner being in a position in which it is retracted from the heater. As soon as the processing station is in front of the throughfeed magazine (after three cycles), the strip carrier with the strip section that is to be welded on, and the finishing table that can be displaced back and forth, are moved towards each other to the point that they contact the comb-like strip heater. Then, the strip heater is retracted between the strip section on the strip section carrier and the skein so that there is contact between the welding strips on the opposing surfaces of the strip section and the skein. Finally, the strip section carrier with the strip section that is to be welded on and the throughfeed magazine with the skein are moved further towards each other until the strip welds are positioned one above the other. Then, the section carrier and the throughfeed magazine are moved apart again, and the rotor is rotated incrementally.
When this is done, the roller of the press device moves the processing station that is being shifted away from the throughfeed magazine over the welded strip section, so that the strip section is once again pressed against the skein and the block is advance by the thickness of the strip section. These cycles are repeated as soon as the next processing station of the rotor is in front of the skein.
The welder that is used in this known plant for manufacturing honeycomb materials has the following disadvantages:
The design of the welder with its incrementally driven rotor upon which a number of processing stations for the strip sections that are to be welded to the skein are arranged is costly from the technical standpoint. When it is operated, there is a risk that residues of the material that is used can remain on the pressure rollers of the processing stations, so that the operation of the machine is disrupted and it is automatically shut down. Finally, the machine has a tendency such that when the pressure roller passes over the strip J
section that is to be welded on, this will be displaced on the skein and this will degrade the quality of the finished honeycomb material.
It is the objective of the present invention to further develop the welding machine for a plant of this kind, which is used to manufacture honeycomb materials, in that it is to be technically simplified, ensure a greater level of operating safety, and provide improved quality of the finished honeycomb materials.
According to the present invention, this objective has been achieved by the welding machine described in Patent Claim I, which operates on the principle of external welding, and the welding machine described in Patent Claim 2, which is based on the principle of internal welding. The secondary claims set out advantageous and useful 1 S developments of the present invention.
The welders according to the present invention makes it possible to manufacture honeycomb materials that are of excellent quality and ensure a high level of operating safety.
The present invention will be described in greater detail below on the basis of the embodiment shown in the drawings appended hereto. These drawings show the following:
Figure 1: the layout of a plant for manufacturing block and panel elements with an hexagonal honeycomb structure;
Figure 2: a plan view of a welding machine that operates on the principle of external welding;
Figure 3: The area III indicated in Figure 2, at an enlarged scale;
Figure 4a and Figure 4b: plan views of the welding machine with the alternating operating positions of the structural elements during two sequential welding cycles;
Figures Sa to Sd: the sequence of movements of the structural elements of the welding machine during a welding cycle;
Figure 6: a plan view of a longitudinal cutting device for cutting the carrier strips that are to be processed into individual strips;
Figure 7: a side view of the longitudinal cutting device at an enlarged scale;
Figure 8: a plan view of a welding machine that operates on the principle of internal welding;
Figure 9: the area IX indicated in Figure 8 at enlarged scale;
Figure I Oa and 1 Ob: plan views of the welding machine with the alternating operating positions of the structural elements during two sequential welding cycles;
Figures 11 a to 11 d: the sequence of movements of the structural elements of the welding machine during one welding cycle.
In the following description of the two embodiments of the welding machine for a plant for manufacturing honeycomb material, identical or similar components bear identical reference numbers.
The plant for manufacturing block and panel elements with an hexagonal honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastics, as shown in Figure l, comprises a welding machine 1 for welding sections of plastic strip to form an expandable a skein 2, a heating device 3 for heating the skein to the working temperature, a device 4 for stretching the skein 2, as well as a cutting device 56 for separating blocks 5 or panels Sa, Sb, 5 c that lie one above another from the skein 2.
The welding machine 1 that is shown in Figures 2 to 5, which operates on the principle of external welding, is fitted with two strip feed devices 8, 9 that are arranged on both face ends 6a and 6b of a magazine 6 that holds strip sections 7. Each of the strip feed devices 8, 9 includes a supply roll 10 for a carrier strip 11 that is wound up to form a bundle 12, a guide roller 13 that is used to deflect the carrier strip 1 I
that moves in a vertical plane from the supply roll 10 through 90° into a horizontal plane, a driven transport roller 14 with a pressure roller 15 for the carrier strip 11, a carrier strip store I6 and another guide roller 17 with a pressure roller 18 or, in place of the guide roller 17, a longitudinal cutting device 19 for the carrier strip I 1.
The longitudinal cutting device 19 shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, which is used to cut the carrier strip I 1 into three (for example) individual strips 11 a, 11 b, and 11 c that lie one above another consists of a receiving roller 22 for two keyway cutters 21 and a receiving shaft 22 for two top cutter wheels 23that work in conjunction with the keyway cutters 21. Use of the longitudinal cutting device I 9 makes it possible to manufacture a skein that is divided into layers that lie one above another and which can be stretched to form panel-like structural material with a honeycomb structure.
In order that alternating strip sections 7 can be drawn in, a conveyor 24 of the welding machine 1, which is in the form of a gripper 25, can be moved by way of a strip holder 27 that is attached to a cross rail 26 transversely to the direction of movement a of a skein or block skein that is continuously being fabricated on a supporting table 28 of the magazine 6, parallel to the strip holder 27 between the two strip feed devices 8, 9.
Cutting devices 29, 30 that are used to separate a strip section 7 from the carrier strip 11 that is drawn into the welding machine 1, and which can be pivoted in and out, are arranged on the two face ends 6a, 6b of the magazine 6.
The strip holder 27 that is secured to the cross rail 26 is in the form of a longitudinal beam 31 that incorporates a vacuum chamber 32, the longitudinal beam 31 having holding bars 33 that incarporates suction bores 34 for the strip sections 7, which are connected to the vacuum chambers 32.
In addition to the strip holders 27, a row of heater rails is also arranged on a cross rail 26; each of these consists of a heating element receptacle 35, including a cooling chamber, and a heating element 37 for cyclically welding the strip sections 7-which are drawn in alternation from the two strip feed devices 8 and 9-to the last strip section 7 of the skein 2.
In order to press a strip section 7 that is to be welded to the skein 2 into place between the holding bars 33 on the beam 31 of the strip holder 27 there are pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 with adjusting pistons 39 for a cross head 40 that is positioned between every two holding bars 33, to which the heater rails are articulated The welding machine 1 is also equipped with adjusting drives for moving the cross beam 26 with the strip holder 27, the heating elements 37, and the heating elements receptacles 3 S after each welding cycle from a front operating position, transversely to the intake plane 41-41 of the strip sections 7 in the direction b indicated by the arrow, into a rear holding position in order to draw in a new strip section 7 and then move the cross rail 26 with the strip holder 27, heating elements 37, and the heating element receptacles 35 in a direction d, e, which alternates with each welding cycle, by a specific distance 42, parallel to the intake plane 41-41 of the strip that is to be welded. The cross rail 26 with strip holder 27, heating elements 37, and heating element receptacles 35 is then moved in the direction c indicated by the arrow, into the operating position against the strip section that is to be welded on to the last strip section 7 of the skein 2, for strip heating the strip sections 7 to welding temperature, the strip sections 7 being welded to each other by way of the strip welds made by the heating elements 37.
In addition, the welding machine 1 has two comb-like parts 44, 45 that are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the plane 43-43 of the supporting table 28 of the magazine 6 for the strip sections 7; these can be raised and lowered and moved parallel to the plane of the table 43-43 in and against the feed direction 8 of the skein 2. These parts 44, 45 incorporate catch teeth that provide support for the strip sections 7 that of the welded to one another in the area of the strip welds 36, and separate the strip sections 7 between the strip wells 36, the supporting and separating functions of the two comb-like parts 44, 45 alternating after each welding cycle.
Figure 4a and Figure 4b shows the alternating operating positions of the cross rail 26 with the strip holder 27, the heating elements 37, and the heating element receptacles 35, as well as of the comb-like parts 44, 45 during two sequential welding cycles.
In order to generate the hexagonal honeycomb structure, the cross rail 26 with the heater bars is moved laterally by a specific distance 42 in opposing directions d, a from welding cycle to welding cycle, so that the strip welds 36 or welded seams of two sequential strip sections of the continuously developing skein 2 are offset relative to each other by an amount that corresponds to the lateral shift 42 of the heater bars, and when the skein 2 is stretched this automatically results in the hexagonal honeycomb structure because of the offset of the strip welds 36.
During the sequential welding cycles, the comb-like parts 44, 45 with the catch teeth 46 are shifted in such a way that, for example in the case of the welding cycle that the shown in Figure 4a, the part 44 performs the supporting function and the part performs the separating functions for the two strip sections 7 that are to be welded to each other and, in the following welding cycle as is shown in Figure 4b, the parts 44 performs the separating function and the part 45 assumes the supporting function.
As can be seen in Figure Sa to Figure Sb, during a welding cycle position that is shown in Figure Sa, the cross rail 26 together with the heating elements 37 and the heating element receptacles 35 that are integrated into these is first moved laterally and then forward, in the direction c indicated by the arrow, into the operating position 26b. When this occurs, the strip sections 7 that is drawn into the welding machine 1 by the strip holder 27 is picked up by its suction bores 34 and moved against the last strip section 7 of the skein 2 (Figure Sb). Then, the last strip section 7 of the skein 2 and the strip section 7 that is to welded on to this are strip heated by the heating elements 7 that are positioned in the heating position 37a by means of a heating current that pulses through these so as to bring them to welding temperature, and the two strip sections 7 are welded together by the strip welds 36 made in these under a constant contact pressure that is transferred from the pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 by way of the heating element receptacles 35 (Figure Sc). Subsequently, the cross rail 26, together with the strip holder 27 and the heating elements 37 with the heating element receptacles 35, is moved back into the holding position 26a (Figure Sd).
The width 47 of the cells that make up the hexagonal honeycomb structure of the finished block or panel material 5; Sa, Sb, Sc is determined by the spacing 48 of the strip welds 46 of the skein, which is welded together from the individuals strip sections 27, and then stretched so as to form the block or panel material.
The welding machine 1 can be modified to manufacture honeycomb materials having the desired cell width by incorporating a strip holder 27 with the heating elements 37 spaced apart by the distance required for a specific cell, or honeycomb width, as well as comb-like parts 44, 45 which alternately function as supporting or separating elements, which are spaced apart by a distance 49 between the catch teeth 46 that corresponds to the spacing 48 between the heating elements 37.
The welding machines that have been described heretofore are provided with water cooling for the heating elements because of the high temperatures that are involved and which are caused by using a pulse welding method.
The welding machine 50, which is shown in Figure 8 to Figure 11, differs from the above described external welding machines by the design configuration of the heating device for strip heating the strip sections that are welded together to form a skein, as well as by the pressure rails that used to weld the strip sections together.
On the cross rail 26 of the internal welding machine 50, apart from the strip holder 27, there is a comb-like heating device 51 with tooth-like heating elements 52 that are arranged in a row and the used for incrementally welding the strip sections 7 that are drawn into the machine 50 in alternation from the two strip feed devices 8, 9 to the last strip section 7 of the skein 2, and an adjusting drive for shifting the heating elements 52 during a welding cycle from below, in the direction f indicated by the arrow, between the skein 2 and the strip sections 7 that are to be welded to this and for withdrawing the heating elements 52 in the direction g indicated by the arrow, from the gap 53 between the skein 2 and the strip-like strip sections 7 that have been heated to welding temperature and pressed into position.
In order to press each strip section 7 that is to welded to the skein 2 into position, between the holding bars 33 on the longitudinal real 31 of the strip holder 27 there are pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 with adjusting pistons 39 for a crosshead 40 to which two pressure rails 54 with inserts bars 55 that are of special rubber are articulated.
As can be seen in Figure 11 a to Figure 11 d, during a welding cycle, after a strip section 7 has been drawn into the welding machine 50 from one of the two strip feed devices 8, 9 by means of the gripper 25, the heating device 51 that is in a lower holding position 51 a is raised, in the direction f indicated by the arrow, into an upper intermediate position Slb so that the heating elements 52 slide between the skein 2 and the strip section 7 that is to be welded on (Figure 11 a and Figure I 1 b). Next, the cross rail 26 that is in the holding position 26a shown in Figure 11 a, 11 b together with the heating device 51 and the pressure rail 54 is shifted first laterally and then forward, in the direction c indicated by the arrow, into the operating position 26b, 51 c. When this is done, the strip section that has been drawn into the welding machine 50 from the strip holder 27 is picked up by the suction bores 34 and moved against the last strip section 7 of the skein (Figure 11 c). Then, the last strip of the skein 2 and the strip section that is to be welded to it are heated to welding temperature by the heating device 52 that is in the heating position by a heating current, and then the heating elements 52 are retracted by the heating device 51 being moved downward in the direction g indicated by the arrow into the holding position 52b, out of the gap 53 between the skein 2 and the strip section 7, and the two strip sections 7 are welded together (Figure 11 d) by the strip welds 36made in them under constant contact pressure that is transmitted from the pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 by way of the pressure rails 54. Finally, the crosshead 26, together with the strip holder 27, the heating elements 52, and the pressure rails 54, is moved back into the holding position 26a (Figure 11 a).
The use of a welding machines that operates on the external welding principle or on the internal welding principle will depend on the material that is being processed. For example, non-woven fabrics can only be processed by using a machine that operates on the internal welding principle.
Both types of welding machines make it possible to process expandable composite materials that are coated on both sides and are of a thermoplastic plastic.
They impart the desired amount of elasticity to wings and rotor blades, impart the necessary stiffness to oceangoing sailboats, and because of their particularly low weight they make racing vehicles faster. Honeycomb materials that are of plastic are considerably more elastic when under pressure than is the case with honeycomb materials that are of aluminum.
This is one of the reasons why increasing use is made of such materials for aircraft floors.
The present invention relates to a plant for manufacturing block and panel elements having an hexagonal honeycomb structure, from thermoplastic plastics, with a welding machine for the cyclical welding of strip material so as to form an expandable skein, a heater to raise the skein to a working temperature, a device for stretching the skein, as well as a cutter for separating blocks or panels that lie one above another from the skein, the welder incorporating a holding device for the sections of strip that are to be welded to each other and a heater that incorporates heating elements that can be moved back and forth so as to heat the incoming strip sections strip by strip to the welding temperature of the strip material; weld strips that are offset by a specific amount are generated after a welding cycle by an opposite shift of the heating device in each strip section that is conveyed into a magazine. In addition, the welding machine also has a press device for welding the strip sections together to form a skein.
DE 198 30 380 A1 describes a plant of this type for manufacturing honeycomb materials; this plant comprises a section magazine for the strip sections that are used to make up the skein, a rotor with a plurality of processing tables, a finishing table with a throughfeed magazine, infrared heaters for heating the skein, a pair of expansion rollers for stretching the skein, and a cutter for cutting the skein into individual blocks. The incrementally driven rotor has six stations spaced at regular intervals around its periphery, through each of which a strip section is moved, provided with weld strips, and pressed against the skein ahead of the throughfeed magazine. Each of the rotor's processing stations has a radially displaceable girder-like beam for a strip section, a strip heater that is displaceable ahead of the section carrier, and a roller-like press device.
The strip heaters are moved axially back and forth, from one processing station to the next, so that the strip sections that follow one another in the skein are provided with appropriately offset strip welds. During the production of a skein, the strip heater is extended during the cyclical rotation of the rotor, so that the strip section that is taken from the section magazine lies between the section carrier and the heating elements of the comb-like heating device, the section Garner being in a position in which it is retracted from the heater. As soon as the processing station is in front of the throughfeed magazine (after three cycles), the strip carrier with the strip section that is to be welded on, and the finishing table that can be displaced back and forth, are moved towards each other to the point that they contact the comb-like strip heater. Then, the strip heater is retracted between the strip section on the strip section carrier and the skein so that there is contact between the welding strips on the opposing surfaces of the strip section and the skein. Finally, the strip section carrier with the strip section that is to be welded on and the throughfeed magazine with the skein are moved further towards each other until the strip welds are positioned one above the other. Then, the section carrier and the throughfeed magazine are moved apart again, and the rotor is rotated incrementally.
When this is done, the roller of the press device moves the processing station that is being shifted away from the throughfeed magazine over the welded strip section, so that the strip section is once again pressed against the skein and the block is advance by the thickness of the strip section. These cycles are repeated as soon as the next processing station of the rotor is in front of the skein.
The welder that is used in this known plant for manufacturing honeycomb materials has the following disadvantages:
The design of the welder with its incrementally driven rotor upon which a number of processing stations for the strip sections that are to be welded to the skein are arranged is costly from the technical standpoint. When it is operated, there is a risk that residues of the material that is used can remain on the pressure rollers of the processing stations, so that the operation of the machine is disrupted and it is automatically shut down. Finally, the machine has a tendency such that when the pressure roller passes over the strip J
section that is to be welded on, this will be displaced on the skein and this will degrade the quality of the finished honeycomb material.
It is the objective of the present invention to further develop the welding machine for a plant of this kind, which is used to manufacture honeycomb materials, in that it is to be technically simplified, ensure a greater level of operating safety, and provide improved quality of the finished honeycomb materials.
According to the present invention, this objective has been achieved by the welding machine described in Patent Claim I, which operates on the principle of external welding, and the welding machine described in Patent Claim 2, which is based on the principle of internal welding. The secondary claims set out advantageous and useful 1 S developments of the present invention.
The welders according to the present invention makes it possible to manufacture honeycomb materials that are of excellent quality and ensure a high level of operating safety.
The present invention will be described in greater detail below on the basis of the embodiment shown in the drawings appended hereto. These drawings show the following:
Figure 1: the layout of a plant for manufacturing block and panel elements with an hexagonal honeycomb structure;
Figure 2: a plan view of a welding machine that operates on the principle of external welding;
Figure 3: The area III indicated in Figure 2, at an enlarged scale;
Figure 4a and Figure 4b: plan views of the welding machine with the alternating operating positions of the structural elements during two sequential welding cycles;
Figures Sa to Sd: the sequence of movements of the structural elements of the welding machine during a welding cycle;
Figure 6: a plan view of a longitudinal cutting device for cutting the carrier strips that are to be processed into individual strips;
Figure 7: a side view of the longitudinal cutting device at an enlarged scale;
Figure 8: a plan view of a welding machine that operates on the principle of internal welding;
Figure 9: the area IX indicated in Figure 8 at enlarged scale;
Figure I Oa and 1 Ob: plan views of the welding machine with the alternating operating positions of the structural elements during two sequential welding cycles;
Figures 11 a to 11 d: the sequence of movements of the structural elements of the welding machine during one welding cycle.
In the following description of the two embodiments of the welding machine for a plant for manufacturing honeycomb material, identical or similar components bear identical reference numbers.
The plant for manufacturing block and panel elements with an hexagonal honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastics, as shown in Figure l, comprises a welding machine 1 for welding sections of plastic strip to form an expandable a skein 2, a heating device 3 for heating the skein to the working temperature, a device 4 for stretching the skein 2, as well as a cutting device 56 for separating blocks 5 or panels Sa, Sb, 5 c that lie one above another from the skein 2.
The welding machine 1 that is shown in Figures 2 to 5, which operates on the principle of external welding, is fitted with two strip feed devices 8, 9 that are arranged on both face ends 6a and 6b of a magazine 6 that holds strip sections 7. Each of the strip feed devices 8, 9 includes a supply roll 10 for a carrier strip 11 that is wound up to form a bundle 12, a guide roller 13 that is used to deflect the carrier strip 1 I
that moves in a vertical plane from the supply roll 10 through 90° into a horizontal plane, a driven transport roller 14 with a pressure roller 15 for the carrier strip 11, a carrier strip store I6 and another guide roller 17 with a pressure roller 18 or, in place of the guide roller 17, a longitudinal cutting device 19 for the carrier strip I 1.
The longitudinal cutting device 19 shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, which is used to cut the carrier strip I 1 into three (for example) individual strips 11 a, 11 b, and 11 c that lie one above another consists of a receiving roller 22 for two keyway cutters 21 and a receiving shaft 22 for two top cutter wheels 23that work in conjunction with the keyway cutters 21. Use of the longitudinal cutting device I 9 makes it possible to manufacture a skein that is divided into layers that lie one above another and which can be stretched to form panel-like structural material with a honeycomb structure.
In order that alternating strip sections 7 can be drawn in, a conveyor 24 of the welding machine 1, which is in the form of a gripper 25, can be moved by way of a strip holder 27 that is attached to a cross rail 26 transversely to the direction of movement a of a skein or block skein that is continuously being fabricated on a supporting table 28 of the magazine 6, parallel to the strip holder 27 between the two strip feed devices 8, 9.
Cutting devices 29, 30 that are used to separate a strip section 7 from the carrier strip 11 that is drawn into the welding machine 1, and which can be pivoted in and out, are arranged on the two face ends 6a, 6b of the magazine 6.
The strip holder 27 that is secured to the cross rail 26 is in the form of a longitudinal beam 31 that incorporates a vacuum chamber 32, the longitudinal beam 31 having holding bars 33 that incarporates suction bores 34 for the strip sections 7, which are connected to the vacuum chambers 32.
In addition to the strip holders 27, a row of heater rails is also arranged on a cross rail 26; each of these consists of a heating element receptacle 35, including a cooling chamber, and a heating element 37 for cyclically welding the strip sections 7-which are drawn in alternation from the two strip feed devices 8 and 9-to the last strip section 7 of the skein 2.
In order to press a strip section 7 that is to be welded to the skein 2 into place between the holding bars 33 on the beam 31 of the strip holder 27 there are pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 with adjusting pistons 39 for a cross head 40 that is positioned between every two holding bars 33, to which the heater rails are articulated The welding machine 1 is also equipped with adjusting drives for moving the cross beam 26 with the strip holder 27, the heating elements 37, and the heating elements receptacles 3 S after each welding cycle from a front operating position, transversely to the intake plane 41-41 of the strip sections 7 in the direction b indicated by the arrow, into a rear holding position in order to draw in a new strip section 7 and then move the cross rail 26 with the strip holder 27, heating elements 37, and the heating element receptacles 35 in a direction d, e, which alternates with each welding cycle, by a specific distance 42, parallel to the intake plane 41-41 of the strip that is to be welded. The cross rail 26 with strip holder 27, heating elements 37, and heating element receptacles 35 is then moved in the direction c indicated by the arrow, into the operating position against the strip section that is to be welded on to the last strip section 7 of the skein 2, for strip heating the strip sections 7 to welding temperature, the strip sections 7 being welded to each other by way of the strip welds made by the heating elements 37.
In addition, the welding machine 1 has two comb-like parts 44, 45 that are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the plane 43-43 of the supporting table 28 of the magazine 6 for the strip sections 7; these can be raised and lowered and moved parallel to the plane of the table 43-43 in and against the feed direction 8 of the skein 2. These parts 44, 45 incorporate catch teeth that provide support for the strip sections 7 that of the welded to one another in the area of the strip welds 36, and separate the strip sections 7 between the strip wells 36, the supporting and separating functions of the two comb-like parts 44, 45 alternating after each welding cycle.
Figure 4a and Figure 4b shows the alternating operating positions of the cross rail 26 with the strip holder 27, the heating elements 37, and the heating element receptacles 35, as well as of the comb-like parts 44, 45 during two sequential welding cycles.
In order to generate the hexagonal honeycomb structure, the cross rail 26 with the heater bars is moved laterally by a specific distance 42 in opposing directions d, a from welding cycle to welding cycle, so that the strip welds 36 or welded seams of two sequential strip sections of the continuously developing skein 2 are offset relative to each other by an amount that corresponds to the lateral shift 42 of the heater bars, and when the skein 2 is stretched this automatically results in the hexagonal honeycomb structure because of the offset of the strip welds 36.
During the sequential welding cycles, the comb-like parts 44, 45 with the catch teeth 46 are shifted in such a way that, for example in the case of the welding cycle that the shown in Figure 4a, the part 44 performs the supporting function and the part performs the separating functions for the two strip sections 7 that are to be welded to each other and, in the following welding cycle as is shown in Figure 4b, the parts 44 performs the separating function and the part 45 assumes the supporting function.
As can be seen in Figure Sa to Figure Sb, during a welding cycle position that is shown in Figure Sa, the cross rail 26 together with the heating elements 37 and the heating element receptacles 35 that are integrated into these is first moved laterally and then forward, in the direction c indicated by the arrow, into the operating position 26b. When this occurs, the strip sections 7 that is drawn into the welding machine 1 by the strip holder 27 is picked up by its suction bores 34 and moved against the last strip section 7 of the skein 2 (Figure Sb). Then, the last strip section 7 of the skein 2 and the strip section 7 that is to welded on to this are strip heated by the heating elements 7 that are positioned in the heating position 37a by means of a heating current that pulses through these so as to bring them to welding temperature, and the two strip sections 7 are welded together by the strip welds 36 made in these under a constant contact pressure that is transferred from the pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 by way of the heating element receptacles 35 (Figure Sc). Subsequently, the cross rail 26, together with the strip holder 27 and the heating elements 37 with the heating element receptacles 35, is moved back into the holding position 26a (Figure Sd).
The width 47 of the cells that make up the hexagonal honeycomb structure of the finished block or panel material 5; Sa, Sb, Sc is determined by the spacing 48 of the strip welds 46 of the skein, which is welded together from the individuals strip sections 27, and then stretched so as to form the block or panel material.
The welding machine 1 can be modified to manufacture honeycomb materials having the desired cell width by incorporating a strip holder 27 with the heating elements 37 spaced apart by the distance required for a specific cell, or honeycomb width, as well as comb-like parts 44, 45 which alternately function as supporting or separating elements, which are spaced apart by a distance 49 between the catch teeth 46 that corresponds to the spacing 48 between the heating elements 37.
The welding machines that have been described heretofore are provided with water cooling for the heating elements because of the high temperatures that are involved and which are caused by using a pulse welding method.
The welding machine 50, which is shown in Figure 8 to Figure 11, differs from the above described external welding machines by the design configuration of the heating device for strip heating the strip sections that are welded together to form a skein, as well as by the pressure rails that used to weld the strip sections together.
On the cross rail 26 of the internal welding machine 50, apart from the strip holder 27, there is a comb-like heating device 51 with tooth-like heating elements 52 that are arranged in a row and the used for incrementally welding the strip sections 7 that are drawn into the machine 50 in alternation from the two strip feed devices 8, 9 to the last strip section 7 of the skein 2, and an adjusting drive for shifting the heating elements 52 during a welding cycle from below, in the direction f indicated by the arrow, between the skein 2 and the strip sections 7 that are to be welded to this and for withdrawing the heating elements 52 in the direction g indicated by the arrow, from the gap 53 between the skein 2 and the strip-like strip sections 7 that have been heated to welding temperature and pressed into position.
In order to press each strip section 7 that is to welded to the skein 2 into position, between the holding bars 33 on the longitudinal real 31 of the strip holder 27 there are pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 with adjusting pistons 39 for a crosshead 40 to which two pressure rails 54 with inserts bars 55 that are of special rubber are articulated.
As can be seen in Figure 11 a to Figure 11 d, during a welding cycle, after a strip section 7 has been drawn into the welding machine 50 from one of the two strip feed devices 8, 9 by means of the gripper 25, the heating device 51 that is in a lower holding position 51 a is raised, in the direction f indicated by the arrow, into an upper intermediate position Slb so that the heating elements 52 slide between the skein 2 and the strip section 7 that is to be welded on (Figure 11 a and Figure I 1 b). Next, the cross rail 26 that is in the holding position 26a shown in Figure 11 a, 11 b together with the heating device 51 and the pressure rail 54 is shifted first laterally and then forward, in the direction c indicated by the arrow, into the operating position 26b, 51 c. When this is done, the strip section that has been drawn into the welding machine 50 from the strip holder 27 is picked up by the suction bores 34 and moved against the last strip section 7 of the skein (Figure 11 c). Then, the last strip of the skein 2 and the strip section that is to be welded to it are heated to welding temperature by the heating device 52 that is in the heating position by a heating current, and then the heating elements 52 are retracted by the heating device 51 being moved downward in the direction g indicated by the arrow into the holding position 52b, out of the gap 53 between the skein 2 and the strip section 7, and the two strip sections 7 are welded together (Figure 11 d) by the strip welds 36made in them under constant contact pressure that is transmitted from the pneumatic pressure cylinders 38 by way of the pressure rails 54. Finally, the crosshead 26, together with the strip holder 27, the heating elements 52, and the pressure rails 54, is moved back into the holding position 26a (Figure 11 a).
The use of a welding machines that operates on the external welding principle or on the internal welding principle will depend on the material that is being processed. For example, non-woven fabrics can only be processed by using a machine that operates on the internal welding principle.
Both types of welding machines make it possible to process expandable composite materials that are coated on both sides and are of a thermoplastic plastic.
Claims (7)
1. Plant for producing block and panel elements with an hexagonal honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastic material, with a welding machine for incrementally welding strip material to form an expandable skein of material, a heating device for heating this skein to a working temperature, with a device for stretching the skein and a cutting device for cutting off block or panel construction material from the skein, the welding machine having a holding device for the strip sections that are to be welded to one another, and a heating device that has a row of heating elements that can be moved back and forth in order to strip heat the sections that are fed into the welding temperature of the strip material; strip welds that are offset relative to the strip welds of the previous strip section are made after a welding cycle, by shifting the heating device-in opposite directions~in each strip section that is delivered to a magazine, the welding machine also having a press device for welding the strip sections together to form a skein, characterized by a welding machine (1) that operates on the principle of external welding, with two strip feed devices (8, 9) that are arranged on the two face ends (6a, 6b) of the magazine to hold the strip sections, (7) and a feed element (24) that can be moved over a strip holder (27), transversely to the feed direction (a) of a skein (2) that is constantly being assembled on a supporting table (28) of the magazine (6), parallel to the strip holder (27), between the strip feed devices (8, 9), cutting devices (29, 30) for separating a strip section (7) that has been drawn into the machine (1) from the carrier strip (11), and in addition with two comb-like parts (44, 45) with catch teeth (46), which can be raised and lowered perpendicularly to the plane (43-43) of the table, in and against the feed direction (a) of the skein (2), with a supporting function for the strip sections (7) that are to be welded to one another in the area of the strip welds (36), and a separating function for the strip sections (7) between the strip welds (36), the two comb-like parts (45, 46) alternating the supporting function and the separating function after each welding cycle, with a crosshead (26) to which the strip holder (27) for the strip section that is to be welded on to the skein (2), a row of heating elements (37) for the incremental strip welding of the strip section (7) that is drawn in alternation from the two strip feed devices (8,9) to the last strip section (7) of the skein (2), and heating element receptacles (37) that are integrated into the heating elements (37), with adjusting drives for shifting the crosshead (26), together with the strip holder (27), the heating elements (37), and the heating element receptacles (35) being moved from a front operating position (26b) transversely (direction b indicated by the arrow) to the intake plane (41-41) of the strip sections (7), into a rear holding position (26a) for drawing in a new strip section (7), and for the subsequent lateral shifting of the crosshead (26), with the strip holder (27), the heating elements (37), and the heating element receptacles(35) by a specific distance (2) in a direction (d, e) that alternates after each welding cycle, parallel to the intake plane (41-41) of the strip section (7) that is to be welded on, and for shifting (direction c indicated by the arrow) the crosshead (26), together with the band holder (27), heating elements (37), and the heating element receptacles (35) into the operating position (26b) against the strip section (7) that is to be welded on, and the last strip section (7) of the skein (2) for strip heating the strip section (7) to working temperature, as well as with adjusting drives (38, 39) that are arranged on the crosshead (26) for the heating element receptacles (35) for pressing the band section (7) that is to be welded on to the skein (2) by means of the strip welds (36) that have been formed.
2. Plant as defined in the defining portion of Claim 1, characterized by a welding machine (50) that operates on the principle of internal welding, with two strip feed devices (8, 9) that are arranged on the two face ends (6a, 6b) of the magazine to accommodate the strip sections (7) and a conveyor (24) that can be moved over a strip holder (27), transversely to the feed direction (a) of a skein (2) that is constantly being assembled on a supporting table (28) of the magazine (6), parallel to the strip holder (27), between the strip feed devices (8, 9), for drawing in strip sections (7), cutting devices (29, 30) for separating a strip section (7) that has been drawn into the machine (50) from the carrier strip (11), and in addition with two comb-like parts (44, 45) with catch teeth (46), which can be raised and lowered perpendicularly to the plane (43-43) of the table, in and against the feed direction (a) of the skein (2), with a supporting function for the strip sections (7) that are to be welded to one another in the area of the strip welds (36), and a separating function for the strip sections (7) between the strip welds (36), the supporting function and the separating function alternating after each welding cycle, with a crosshead (26) on which are mounted a comb-like heating device (51) that incorporates prong-like heating elements (52), an adjusting drive for advancing the heating elements (52) during a welding cycle, from below (direction f indicated by the arrow) or upwards between the skein (2) and the strip sections (7) that have been drawn into the machine and are to be welded to this, and for retracting (direction g indicated by the arrow) the heating elements (52) from the gap (53) between the skein (2) and the strip sections (7) that have been strip heated to welding temperature and pressed into position, the strip holder (27) as well as pressure rails (54) for each strip section (7) that is to be welded to the skein (2) by seam welding; in addition, with adjusting drives for shifting the crosshead (26), together with the strip holder (27), the heating elements (37), and the pressure rails (54), from a front operating position (26b) transversely (direction b indicated by the arrow) to the intake plane (41-41 ) of the strip sections (7), into a rear holding position (26a) for drawing in a new strip (7), and for the subsequent lateral shifting of the crosshead (26), with the strip holder (27), the heating elements (37), and the heating element receptacles (35) by a specific distance (42) in a direction (d, e) that alternates after each welding cycle, parallel to the intake plane (41-41) of the strip section (7) that is to be welded on and for shifting (direction c indicated by the arrow) of the crosshead (26), together with the strip holder (27), heating elements (37), and the pressure rails (54) into the operating position (26g)against the last strip section (7) of the skein (2) for strip heating the strip section (7) to welding temperature, as well as adjusting drives (38, 39) for the pressure rails (54) for pressing the strip section that is to be welded on to the skein (2) by the strip welds that have been formed.
3. Plant as defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, characterized in that the strip feed devices (8,9) incorporate a supply roll (10) for a carrier strip (11) that is wound into a skein (12), a guide roller (13), a driven transport roller (14) with a pressure roller (15) for the carrier strip (11), a strip store (16), as well as an additional guide roller (17) with a pressure roller (18) or a longitudinal cutter (19) for the carrier strip (11).
4. Plant as defined in one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the conveyor element (24) for drawing in the strip section (7) consists of a gripper (25).
5. Plant as defined in one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the strip holder (27) is in the form of a longitudinal beam (31 ) with a vacuum chamber (32) that has holding bars (33) with suction bores (34), which are connected to the vacuum chamber (32), for the strip sections (7).
6. Plant as defined in Claim 5, characterized in that between the holding bars (33) on the longitudinal beam (31 ) of the strip holder (27) there are pressure cylinders (38) with adjusting pistons (39) for a crosshead (40) to which is articulated-in the case of the external welding machine-one or a plurality of heating elements (37) with integrated heating element receptacles (35) and -in the case of the internal welding machine-one or a plurality of pressure rails (54) for the band sections (7) that are to be welded together to form a skein (2).
7. Plant as defined in Claim 6, characterized in that the internal welding machine (50) has pressure rails (54) that are of metal and that incorporate insert rails (55) that are of special rubber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10248177.6 | 2002-10-16 | ||
| DE10248177A DE10248177B4 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | Plant for the production of block and plate elements with a hexagonal honeycomb structure made of thermoplastic material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2444750A1 true CA2444750A1 (en) | 2004-04-16 |
Family
ID=32038718
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002444750A Abandoned CA2444750A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2003-10-14 | Plant for producing blocks and panels with a honeycomb structure from thermoplastic plastics |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1410897B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004136681A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100796723B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE342157T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2444750A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10248177B4 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI278387B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL215740B1 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2014-01-31 | Geo Globe Polska Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia | Device for manufacturing a geocell |
| CN101664815B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-23 | 阿丽贝（鞍山）塑料防腐设备有限公司 | Multipurpose drilling and welding machine for plastic pipeline |
| CN102478716B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-08-28 | 东莞冠狄塑胶有限公司 | Manufacturing method of glasses rack sheet material |
| CN105563805A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 芜湖恒信汽车内饰制造有限公司 | Positioning and welding machine |
| CN107581957B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2023-10-24 | 新乐华宝塑料制品有限公司 | Automatic change shower curtain processing equipment |
| CN108188557B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2023-08-29 | 惠州市诚业家具有限公司 | Welding mechanism for welding strip-shaped object to frame bottom |
| CN109352220A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-19 | 无锡奥特维科技股份有限公司 | Welding processing equipment and method and string welding machine |
| CN111633993A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-08 | 东莞市精溢高周波机械有限公司 | Plastic honeycomb core high-frequency braiding machine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5399221A (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1995-03-21 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Continuous process for forming fiber-reinforced high temperature thermoplastic resin honeycomb structures |
| DE19703961C2 (en) * | 1997-02-03 | 2003-04-24 | Oliver Kehl | Transparent thermal insulation and device for its manufacture |
| DE19830380A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-13 | Gerhard Klaus Hering | Joining sections of thermoplastic fleece to form expansible sectional block |
| CA2396933A1 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2001-07-19 | Versacore Industrial Corporation | Method and device for joining sections of a thermoplastic continuous web material |
| CA2355548C (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2007-06-12 | Versacore Industrial Corporation | Methods and apparatus for joining pieces of thermoplastic material to form cellular blocks |
-
2002
- 2002-10-16 DE DE10248177A patent/DE10248177B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-09 EP EP03022718A patent/EP1410897B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-09 DE DE50305334T patent/DE50305334D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-09 AT AT03022718T patent/ATE342157T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-14 TW TW092128376A patent/TWI278387B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-14 CA CA002444750A patent/CA2444750A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-14 JP JP2003353357A patent/JP2004136681A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-16 KR KR1020030072080A patent/KR100796723B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW200408530A (en) | 2004-06-01 |
| JP2004136681A (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| KR100796723B1 (en) | 2008-01-21 |
| EP1410897A1 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
| DE10248177B4 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| KR20040034498A (en) | 2004-04-28 |
| DE10248177A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| EP1410897B1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| DE50305334D1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
| TWI278387B (en) | 2007-04-11 |
| ATE342157T1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |