CA2356847A1 - Vehicle rearview system with electrochrome mirror - Google Patents
Vehicle rearview system with electrochrome mirror Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2356847A1 CA2356847A1 CA002356847A CA2356847A CA2356847A1 CA 2356847 A1 CA2356847 A1 CA 2356847A1 CA 002356847 A CA002356847 A CA 002356847A CA 2356847 A CA2356847 A CA 2356847A CA 2356847 A1 CA2356847 A1 CA 2356847A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mirror
- vision system
- vehicle rear
- rear vision
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/845—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
- B60R1/083—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
- B60R1/088—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle rearview system (1) comprising at least one rearview mirror unit fitted with an electrochrome mirror (2), a control device and a vehicle voltage supply device. The control device is electrically connected to the vehicle voltage supply device for its voltage supply and to the electrochrome mirror so as to control the reflection characteristics of said mirror in accordance with a control voltage. The control device comprises a flat heating resistor (3) to dissipate the heat resulting from electric power loss.
Description
AUG-30-O1 10:38 From: ~ 02356847 2001-05-28 g057267173 T-099 P O6 Job-338 1 lt-1h y ~ / .L °..~' 1~
:MAGNA REFLEX I-IQh7Zi~iG GM13H
Vehicle rear va.sirn s~rstem with e:lectrochromic mirror The present invention reJ.ates to a vehicle rear vi-sion system acCOrding to the pre~smble of the main S claim.
Vehicle rear vision systems are l~;nown which have at least one rearview mirror unit provided with an elec-trochromic mirror, a control dev~.ce and a vehicle 1G power supply devzae, the contro;. device being con nected for its power supply with the vehicle power supply device and with the electrochromic mirror in order to control the reflection properties of said mirror in dependence on a control- voltage. Triggering ef the electrdchrornie mirror in relation to its transmission or reflection proper°ties comes about through a d.c. voltage which may be adjusted in level according to 1_ght sensors_ The triggering voltage rraries here in a range s~etween ~'~' and a . g , approxi-z0 mutely 1.2V. The d.c. voltage is generated from the AUG-30-O1 10:38 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gpe;7267173 T-099 P.07 Job-338 conLroi device whose essential components are gener-ally located in the housing of t:he rearview mirror located in the interior of the vehicle (interior mir-ror), in dependence an the amount of glare. As a rule, both the interior mirror and rearview mirrors lccated on the exterior of the vcshicle (exterior mir-rors) are provided with electrochromic mirrors; gen-erally the low control voltage is used for the uni-form actuation of the interior m_~rror and of the ex-terior mirrors.
However, problems arise from the fact that the vehi-cle voltage of standard passerigex: vehicles is gener-ally between 9V and 16V (nominal 12V), whilst the highest value of the variable control voltage is e.g, cnly 1.2V. The consequence of this is that, with a typical current through an electxwchromic mirror of approximately 3QOmA, dissipation of approximately 9W
has to be converted into heat. or: devices according to the state of the art, this transformation gener-ally happens by means of a power transistor which is accommodated in the very low volume housing of the interior mirror. In order tQ cpol down the very high temperatures occurring, aluminium. cooling plates which have to be attached to the power transistor are generally used.
This unavoidable dissipation proves to be particu-larly problematic in the miniaturisation of the elec-tropics. According to the present state of the art it is perfectly possible to integrate 4he entire elec-tronics far actuating an electroc.lZromic mirror in an integrated power semiconductor co:mpdnent (power IG).
A power 1C cf this kind would however have to be able to lead away the abaveTmentioned 9W dissipation to the environment in such a way th at its inner chip AUG-30-01 10:38 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 8057267173 T-098 P.08/26 Job-338 temperature remains below a critical value of genEr-ally 125°C. This in turn requires, as well as a suit---able costly power housing of the power IC, a suffi-ciently large volume of surrounding air which has a temperature low enough to cool. A large space o~ this sort is however not generally available in the inte-rior mirror housing (moreover this large space re-quirement works against the intended miniaturisaT
tion). on exterior mirrors, this problem is further intensified; as well as there being generally Gn even smaller space available, here also the increased ba-sic temperature of the mirror housing (for instance as a result of intensive sunshine in the summer) has to be taken into consideration. ' Thus the purpose underlying the present invention is to create a vehicle rear vision system which makes pcssable the accommodation of the' control device in the smallest space, without the ciissipation which oc-curs leading to an impairment in the functioning of the control electronics system.
This purpose is fulfilled by ~ ve~hycle rear vision system with the features of the preamble of the main claim in connection with the characterising features of the main claim.
Through the fact that the control device has a sheet-type heating resistor to carzy away the heat occur-zing through electrical dissipation, an imGpairment of the functioning of the control electror_~ics car.. be prevented by ar_ "evacuation" of the heat that occurs.
Secondly it is possible to divert the heat cccurring in the sheet~type heating resistor to a place where it fu~.fils for example the useful function of a heat--ing device (for example for a mirror surface).
AUG-30-O1 10:3$ From. CA 02356847 2001-05-28 8057267173 T-099 P.09/26 Job-338 Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are given in the dependent claims.
An advantageous embodiment provides far the heating resistor to be applied as a coating to a carrier ma-terial, such as far examp7.e the non--reflective rear side of the mirror of the rearview mixror unit, a plastiCS fioil ar a fiat electrical line ("flex" or strip conductor connection). The coating can be ap-pl~.ed to a variety of flat carr;.:_er materials, the heat that occurs here does not impair the functioning of the control electronics and can also be used to advantage (for example to step clouding barer of the glass or icing of objects).
A particular advantageous embod~,ment provides far the heating resistor to be disposed in meander shape on the carrier material, pref~rably a plastics foil. On the same plastics foil there can moreover be disposed a meander-shaped mirror glass heating system produced in the same way, it being possible to dispose the me-ander structures of the two resistors compactly be-sid~ one another or interlocking with one another. In order to constantly guarantee a condensati.an-free mirror, th~.s foil can be provided on both sides with double-sided adhesive tape and be glued on one side to the rear side of the mirror and on the other to a glass support plate. As well as very good heat con-duction towards the mirror to be heated, this moreo-ver makes possible low-cost attachment of the m~.rror glass to the glass suppoxt plate.
A further advantageous embodiment of the present in-vention provides for the control device to have a unit far pulse-width modulation of a control signal AUG-30-Ol 10:38 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 g0~~72671~3 T-09g P.10l26 Job-338 with a signal level, preferably at the level of the vehicle voltage and the unit for the pulse-width modulation to be connected to a converter, belonging to the control device, for converting the pulse-width 5 mt~dulated signal into an analog control voltage. rt is particularly advantageous when the signal level is at the level of the vehicle voltage, to convey a sig-nal generated from a signal generation unit located in the housing of the interior mirror to the exterior mirrors. In this case, the converter according to the invention is located in the region of the exterior mirror; the dissipation occurring in said mirror dur-ing the conversion of the pulse-modulated signal at the.level of the vehicle voltage into an analog con-txol voltage of a lower level is converted again in a heating resistor according to thE: invention. In so doing, the separate earth wire b~aween znteriar mir-ror and exterior mixrors, usual i_n rear vision sys-terns according to the state of tree art, and necessary in order to balance the potentiaa_ differences between the interior and exterior mirrors of the veha_cle.
This stems from the fact that, when ,~. ~roltage is sup-plied from the interior mirror to the exterior mir-rors at the level of the vehicle voltage, the poten-tial differences are of considerably Yess signifi-cance than with direct transmission of the low con-trol voltage (e_g. a maximum of 1.2V).
>~'urther advantageous embodiments of the present in-ventior~ are given in the remaining dependent claims.
The present invention is now explained with the aid of several figures. These show:
~'ig. 1 a heating resistor according to the invention on the rear side of an electrochromic mirror, AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 8057267173 T-099 P.11/26 Job-338 Fig. 2 a cross-section through an exterior mirror according to the invention, Fig. 3 a block diagram of a vehicle rear vision sys-tem according to the invention, Figs. 4a and 4b two possible ways of arranging the wiring of a heating resistor accord-inc3 to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a dissipating resistor 3 according tc the invention, Which in the (allowing is called heat-ing resistor and which is embodied in meander shape and d~.sposed on the non-reflective rear side 2a of an electrochramic mirxor 2 of a rearview mirror unit.
fhe application of the heating resistor_ to the rear side of the mirror 2a can come about by means of metal coating in a plasma process, screen printing ~Q using resistor paste (the xesistor paste is applied in the form of the desired heating elementy or gal- .
vanic coating. The heating resistor 3 (i.e. the coat-ing) can be of copper, silver ar aluminium. In each case, the heat.inc~ resistor is configured in lines or flat; a heating resistor voltage is released between the electrical connections 3a and 3b which represent the beginning and end of the heating resister.
Likewise, a mirror glass heating system 6 is attached ~0 to the rear side 2a of the e7.ectrochromic mirror c, which system in addition heats the mirror 2. This can also be cl~.sposed in meander shape; .it prwcres particu-larly advantageous if, as shown in Fig_ 1, the course of the mirror glass heating system 6 is designed com-~5 p~.ementary to the course of the heating resistor 3.
AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gp~~7Z67173 T-099 P.12/26 Job-338 It is not abso~.utely necessary to dispose the hea~.ing resistor 3 directly on the electrachremic mirror 2.
There is admittedly an advantageous heating effect here which helps to prevent icing or clouding ovax of the mirror surface, but other arra3ngements are also possible. Thus, for example, provision can be made for the heating resistor 3 to be applied to foil printed circuits ("flex", or "FPC" supply lines).
These supply lines ~ar~ for example pro~tride the elec-14 trical connection between the corlt_rol device and the electrochromic mirror or also connect individual ele-ments of the control device to onra another (see in this connection also Fig. 3).
E'i.g. 2 shows the cross-section of an exterior mirror according to the invention or an Exterior mirror unit 5_ This has an electrochromic mirz°ar 2 which ~.s elec-trical.ly connected, in a manner which is not spawn in detail, with a control device. This control device or parts of the control device (see F'ig. 3} can be ac~-commodated within the housing 9 of; the exterior mir-ror unit 5 (in Fig. 2 only the heatJ.ng resistor 3 be-longing to the control device and lying inside the housing 9 is shown).
The housing 3 is connected via a web 19 w~.th the ex-terior ehass~.s :L$ of an automotizr~~ vehicle. A glass adjustment drive 8 situated inside: the housing 9 car-ries a glass support plate 7. To t;he szde: of the 3C glass support plate 7 remote from the glass adjust-ment drive 8 is attachEd a heating resistor 3 accord-ing to the invention. This ~.s connected with further elements, not shown, of a control device via electri-cal contacts 3a, 3b, which can be embodied as flexa..-ble cables. The electrochromic min-ror 2 is attached to the side of the heating resistor 3 remote from the AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gp!;7267173 T-099 P.13/26 Job-338 glass support plate. The attachme:rlt of the heating resistor 3 between the glass support plate 7 and the electrochromic mirror 2 can ComE .about in various ways. The heating resistor 3 can for example ire ap-plied as a solid coating to the rear side 2a of the electrochrornic mirror.
A further possibility is that the heating resistor 3 is embodied as a foil composite. To this end, the re-~.0 sistor element running between the contacts 3a and 3b is enclosed between two foils. It is now possible to attach this foil composite as a farm-fit, for in-stance by means of a snap-an plug connection, to the rear side 2a of the electroohromic mirror. Another variant provides for the outer sides of the foil com-posite to be sElf-adhesive. In this case, the heating resistor 3 ensures the secure connectJ.on of the mir-ror 2 on the glass support plate 7 (instead df tile self~-adhesive exterior surface of the foil, a double--2~ sided adhesive tape can naturally also be glued to the outer sides of the foil composite, which has the same function).
~t is also possible to accommodate further elements of the control device, e.g. an integral:ed circuit, between the glass support plate 7 and mirror 2. This l.ntegrated circuit can either be applied directly to the rear side 2a of the mirror 2 or to a foil. This application can come about in SMD technology or chip-an board technology. An integrated circuit could also be accommodated within. the foil composite described above. Heat-resistant plastics are preferably used as foils here.
Further elements of the control d~,evice, for instance a digital-analog converter, can likewise be accommo-AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 9057267113 T-099 P.14/26 Job-338 dated inszde the housing 9 of the exterior mirror unit 5, for example inside the glass adjustment drive 8.
The above embodiments referred by way of example to the exterior mirrors shown in Figa. I and 2. The de-scribed embodiments are simi7.arly applicable to inte-rior mirrors.
Fiq. 3 shows the diagrammatic construction of the whole vehicle rear vision system. This contains two rearview units, an interior mirror unit 4 as well as an exterior mirror unit 5. A vehicle power supply de-vice, not shown in detail, providE=s a d.c. voltage of 7.5 a nominal 12v. The vehicle voltage= can however be be-tween 5'~ and 2~V, depending an th~a automotive vehi-cle. The vehicle power supply dev_~ce is connected to the control unit an order to supp~!y it with powez:.
The exterior mirror unit 5 has anew or two electro-chromic mirrors, (respectively one on each side of the vehicle), t:ne interior mirror unit has one elec-t.r.ochromic vehicle mirror.
A glare sensor 10 attached to the interior mirror and ~5 orientated in the d~.reotion of rei"lection of the electrochromic mirror (i.e. towards the rear of the vehicle), measures the incident l~.ght flux Pram the rear of the vehicle (for instance from vehicles trav-elling behind same). A daylight seansor 11; which is orientated e.g. in the direction of motion or towards one side of the vehicle, determinE:s a further light flux. Senscars 10 and 11 are connected to a computing unit 20 of the control device for data transmission.
Depending on the measurEment values of the sensors, the amount of glare is determined by the computing unit 20, and converted into an analog control signal.
AUG-30-01 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gp57267173 T-099 P.15/26 Job-338 1. 0 This analog control signal is then supplied to a transistor (see input 1'7a of transistor Q in Figs. 4a and 4b). The circuit shown in Figs. 4a and 9b, which will be described in detail later, makes available to the elect~ochxamic mirror 2 a d.c. voltage vaxyinc~
between OV and 1.5V according to the amount of glare_ In dependence on this voltage, the reflection proper-ties of the electrochromic mirror 2 alter in known fashion. The analog voltage 21 is e.g, laetween JV and 1.5V. It can however, accprding to the embodiment, cover higher voltage regions, e.g_ from pV - 2.5V.
In addition tp controlling the reflection properties of the interior mirror, the computing unit 2d also controls the re f ection properties of at least one electrochromic mirrox 2 of the exterior mirror unit 5. To this end, the computing unit 20 transm~.ts an analog signal, as was far ir_stance supplied to the eleotxochromic mirror 2 of the interior mirror unit 2C 9, to the electrochromic mirror 2 ef the exterior mirror unit 5. This signal can be transmitted e.g.
directly. Fig. 3 shows a fux-ther possible way of transmission.
This possib~.~.i.ty consists in the analog control sig-nal being digitised first of all in an analog-digital converter 15, which is accommodated far instance in a "roof modulE," of an automotive vehicle, (according to the design of the computing unit 20, in some ern-bodiments a micro-controller integrated in the com-puting unit 20 can already emit a d~.gital signal).
The signal digitized in trie analog-digital converter 7.5 is led by means of a data bus to a door contxol apparatus 12. The door control apparatus i.~ is de-signed as a node, which controls all the functa.ons of the door, such as glass adjustment drive, mirror AUG-30-01 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gOg7267173 T-099 P 16/26 Jvb-338 glass heating, tilt:~ng mechanism drive, lighting de-vices and signal device.
The connection between the door control apparatus 12 and unit 19 shows a further variax:t of the transmis-sion Qf the control signal to ari selectrochromie mir-ror 2.
The dour control apparatus 12 belonging tc the con-trot device contains a unit for t:he pulse-width modu-lation of a control signal with a signal level at the level of the vehicle voltage (naturally, as well as the standard 12V vehicle voltage, other levels cf voltage are possible). The pulse-width modulated brightness signal is led with a signal level at the levP1 of the vehicle voltage to unit 14. Unit 19 has a converter, belonging to the control devJ.ce, for converting the pulse-width modulated signal ~.3 into an analog control voltage. zn order to avoid the heat problems depicted in the introduction to the specifi--catior~, in this conversion a circuit arrangement as per ?"igs. 4a or 4b is needed. ThE; low analog control voltage (preferably between 0V and 1.5v) is then led to the electrochromic mirror 2.
z~
Tn the present example, the computing unit 20 is ac-commodated in the interior mirror unit. it is natu--rall~r possible to accommodate thc~ c4mputing unit 2g in the exterior mirror unit 5 also. As a result of the design acccrdir~g to the invention of a heating resistor, no heat problems here occur in the exterior mirror, the heat can even be used as available heat for heating the mirror surface. The computing unit can also be acaommodat~d in other places, far example in the region of the door control apparatus 12 or of the roof module.
AUG-30-O1 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 g0!g7267173 T-099 P.17/26 Job-338 The embodiment given by way of example and shown in Fig. 3 thus shows a plurality of transmission paths between the computing unit 24 and an electrochrornic mirror 2:
analog transmission 2. digitisation and transmissiaxl by means of data bus lp 3. pulse-width modulation with <a signal. level e.g.
at the level of the vehicle voltage.
It is naturally possible to use just one of the sys-tems presented for signal transmis~iori. For this, in tlye case of digital transmission .by means of data bus, (preferably a DART or CAN protocol is used) e.g.
a digital-analog converter is necessary for convert-ing the data bus signal into an analog control volt-age.
zo Fig. 4a shows a circuit for minimisation of heat de-velopment in the region of the transistor Q. The sheet-type heating resistor 3 iS Connected in series to a parallel circuit of a control transistor Q and 2~ an electrochromic mirror 2. Between points 23 and 24 is released a voltage at the level of the vehicle voltage. Through input 2~a, a control voltage or a control signal is supplied to thE~ transistor Q, by which means the current passing i~hrough transistor 30 and resistor is adjusted. pepend:ing on this transient current, a different component voltage is released on the heating resistor R such that a residual voltage of a different level remains on the electrochromic mirror z and is far example in the region between aV
35 and 1.5V. The use of a circuit as per Fig. ~a is par-ticularly advantageous since the dissipation occur AUG-30-O1 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 g0!;7267173 T-099 P.1$/26 Job-33$
:r 3 ring in the transistor is particularly low therEin, (instead of the 44a mentioned init:~ally in power tran-sistors according to the state of the art, here c.g.
only 0.5w are to be con~rertEd in the transistor) .
F~.g. ~b shows a further embodiment of a circuit ar-rangem~nt accordinC~ to the invention. Between points 23 and 2~ there is a voltage cf e.g. 12V (the level of the vehicle vo~.tage). rn this embodiment, the lp transistor Q, which is actuated by a control. sigr'Aal 1?a, the heating resistor 3 and t:he elec~trachromic mirror 2 are connected in series. As in the arrange meat shown in Fig. Via, the heating resistor is dis-posed flat te.g. in a spiral or rneander shape).
~'he circuits shown in Figs. as and 4b s?~ou~.d be so laid out that the maximum control vo>rtagc on the electrochromic mirror is less than 250 of the nominal vehicle voltage.
:MAGNA REFLEX I-IQh7Zi~iG GM13H
Vehicle rear va.sirn s~rstem with e:lectrochromic mirror The present invention reJ.ates to a vehicle rear vi-sion system acCOrding to the pre~smble of the main S claim.
Vehicle rear vision systems are l~;nown which have at least one rearview mirror unit provided with an elec-trochromic mirror, a control dev~.ce and a vehicle 1G power supply devzae, the contro;. device being con nected for its power supply with the vehicle power supply device and with the electrochromic mirror in order to control the reflection properties of said mirror in dependence on a control- voltage. Triggering ef the electrdchrornie mirror in relation to its transmission or reflection proper°ties comes about through a d.c. voltage which may be adjusted in level according to 1_ght sensors_ The triggering voltage rraries here in a range s~etween ~'~' and a . g , approxi-z0 mutely 1.2V. The d.c. voltage is generated from the AUG-30-O1 10:38 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gpe;7267173 T-099 P.07 Job-338 conLroi device whose essential components are gener-ally located in the housing of t:he rearview mirror located in the interior of the vehicle (interior mir-ror), in dependence an the amount of glare. As a rule, both the interior mirror and rearview mirrors lccated on the exterior of the vcshicle (exterior mir-rors) are provided with electrochromic mirrors; gen-erally the low control voltage is used for the uni-form actuation of the interior m_~rror and of the ex-terior mirrors.
However, problems arise from the fact that the vehi-cle voltage of standard passerigex: vehicles is gener-ally between 9V and 16V (nominal 12V), whilst the highest value of the variable control voltage is e.g, cnly 1.2V. The consequence of this is that, with a typical current through an electxwchromic mirror of approximately 3QOmA, dissipation of approximately 9W
has to be converted into heat. or: devices according to the state of the art, this transformation gener-ally happens by means of a power transistor which is accommodated in the very low volume housing of the interior mirror. In order tQ cpol down the very high temperatures occurring, aluminium. cooling plates which have to be attached to the power transistor are generally used.
This unavoidable dissipation proves to be particu-larly problematic in the miniaturisation of the elec-tropics. According to the present state of the art it is perfectly possible to integrate 4he entire elec-tronics far actuating an electroc.lZromic mirror in an integrated power semiconductor co:mpdnent (power IG).
A power 1C cf this kind would however have to be able to lead away the abaveTmentioned 9W dissipation to the environment in such a way th at its inner chip AUG-30-01 10:38 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 8057267173 T-098 P.08/26 Job-338 temperature remains below a critical value of genEr-ally 125°C. This in turn requires, as well as a suit---able costly power housing of the power IC, a suffi-ciently large volume of surrounding air which has a temperature low enough to cool. A large space o~ this sort is however not generally available in the inte-rior mirror housing (moreover this large space re-quirement works against the intended miniaturisaT
tion). on exterior mirrors, this problem is further intensified; as well as there being generally Gn even smaller space available, here also the increased ba-sic temperature of the mirror housing (for instance as a result of intensive sunshine in the summer) has to be taken into consideration. ' Thus the purpose underlying the present invention is to create a vehicle rear vision system which makes pcssable the accommodation of the' control device in the smallest space, without the ciissipation which oc-curs leading to an impairment in the functioning of the control electronics system.
This purpose is fulfilled by ~ ve~hycle rear vision system with the features of the preamble of the main claim in connection with the characterising features of the main claim.
Through the fact that the control device has a sheet-type heating resistor to carzy away the heat occur-zing through electrical dissipation, an imGpairment of the functioning of the control electror_~ics car.. be prevented by ar_ "evacuation" of the heat that occurs.
Secondly it is possible to divert the heat cccurring in the sheet~type heating resistor to a place where it fu~.fils for example the useful function of a heat--ing device (for example for a mirror surface).
AUG-30-O1 10:3$ From. CA 02356847 2001-05-28 8057267173 T-099 P.09/26 Job-338 Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are given in the dependent claims.
An advantageous embodiment provides far the heating resistor to be applied as a coating to a carrier ma-terial, such as far examp7.e the non--reflective rear side of the mirror of the rearview mixror unit, a plastiCS fioil ar a fiat electrical line ("flex" or strip conductor connection). The coating can be ap-pl~.ed to a variety of flat carr;.:_er materials, the heat that occurs here does not impair the functioning of the control electronics and can also be used to advantage (for example to step clouding barer of the glass or icing of objects).
A particular advantageous embod~,ment provides far the heating resistor to be disposed in meander shape on the carrier material, pref~rably a plastics foil. On the same plastics foil there can moreover be disposed a meander-shaped mirror glass heating system produced in the same way, it being possible to dispose the me-ander structures of the two resistors compactly be-sid~ one another or interlocking with one another. In order to constantly guarantee a condensati.an-free mirror, th~.s foil can be provided on both sides with double-sided adhesive tape and be glued on one side to the rear side of the mirror and on the other to a glass support plate. As well as very good heat con-duction towards the mirror to be heated, this moreo-ver makes possible low-cost attachment of the m~.rror glass to the glass suppoxt plate.
A further advantageous embodiment of the present in-vention provides for the control device to have a unit far pulse-width modulation of a control signal AUG-30-Ol 10:38 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 g0~~72671~3 T-09g P.10l26 Job-338 with a signal level, preferably at the level of the vehicle voltage and the unit for the pulse-width modulation to be connected to a converter, belonging to the control device, for converting the pulse-width 5 mt~dulated signal into an analog control voltage. rt is particularly advantageous when the signal level is at the level of the vehicle voltage, to convey a sig-nal generated from a signal generation unit located in the housing of the interior mirror to the exterior mirrors. In this case, the converter according to the invention is located in the region of the exterior mirror; the dissipation occurring in said mirror dur-ing the conversion of the pulse-modulated signal at the.level of the vehicle voltage into an analog con-txol voltage of a lower level is converted again in a heating resistor according to thE: invention. In so doing, the separate earth wire b~aween znteriar mir-ror and exterior mixrors, usual i_n rear vision sys-terns according to the state of tree art, and necessary in order to balance the potentiaa_ differences between the interior and exterior mirrors of the veha_cle.
This stems from the fact that, when ,~. ~roltage is sup-plied from the interior mirror to the exterior mir-rors at the level of the vehicle voltage, the poten-tial differences are of considerably Yess signifi-cance than with direct transmission of the low con-trol voltage (e_g. a maximum of 1.2V).
>~'urther advantageous embodiments of the present in-ventior~ are given in the remaining dependent claims.
The present invention is now explained with the aid of several figures. These show:
~'ig. 1 a heating resistor according to the invention on the rear side of an electrochromic mirror, AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 8057267173 T-099 P.11/26 Job-338 Fig. 2 a cross-section through an exterior mirror according to the invention, Fig. 3 a block diagram of a vehicle rear vision sys-tem according to the invention, Figs. 4a and 4b two possible ways of arranging the wiring of a heating resistor accord-inc3 to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a dissipating resistor 3 according tc the invention, Which in the (allowing is called heat-ing resistor and which is embodied in meander shape and d~.sposed on the non-reflective rear side 2a of an electrochramic mirxor 2 of a rearview mirror unit.
fhe application of the heating resistor_ to the rear side of the mirror 2a can come about by means of metal coating in a plasma process, screen printing ~Q using resistor paste (the xesistor paste is applied in the form of the desired heating elementy or gal- .
vanic coating. The heating resistor 3 (i.e. the coat-ing) can be of copper, silver ar aluminium. In each case, the heat.inc~ resistor is configured in lines or flat; a heating resistor voltage is released between the electrical connections 3a and 3b which represent the beginning and end of the heating resister.
Likewise, a mirror glass heating system 6 is attached ~0 to the rear side 2a of the e7.ectrochromic mirror c, which system in addition heats the mirror 2. This can also be cl~.sposed in meander shape; .it prwcres particu-larly advantageous if, as shown in Fig_ 1, the course of the mirror glass heating system 6 is designed com-~5 p~.ementary to the course of the heating resistor 3.
AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gp~~7Z67173 T-099 P.12/26 Job-338 It is not abso~.utely necessary to dispose the hea~.ing resistor 3 directly on the electrachremic mirror 2.
There is admittedly an advantageous heating effect here which helps to prevent icing or clouding ovax of the mirror surface, but other arra3ngements are also possible. Thus, for example, provision can be made for the heating resistor 3 to be applied to foil printed circuits ("flex", or "FPC" supply lines).
These supply lines ~ar~ for example pro~tride the elec-14 trical connection between the corlt_rol device and the electrochromic mirror or also connect individual ele-ments of the control device to onra another (see in this connection also Fig. 3).
E'i.g. 2 shows the cross-section of an exterior mirror according to the invention or an Exterior mirror unit 5_ This has an electrochromic mirz°ar 2 which ~.s elec-trical.ly connected, in a manner which is not spawn in detail, with a control device. This control device or parts of the control device (see F'ig. 3} can be ac~-commodated within the housing 9 of; the exterior mir-ror unit 5 (in Fig. 2 only the heatJ.ng resistor 3 be-longing to the control device and lying inside the housing 9 is shown).
The housing 3 is connected via a web 19 w~.th the ex-terior ehass~.s :L$ of an automotizr~~ vehicle. A glass adjustment drive 8 situated inside: the housing 9 car-ries a glass support plate 7. To t;he szde: of the 3C glass support plate 7 remote from the glass adjust-ment drive 8 is attachEd a heating resistor 3 accord-ing to the invention. This ~.s connected with further elements, not shown, of a control device via electri-cal contacts 3a, 3b, which can be embodied as flexa..-ble cables. The electrochromic min-ror 2 is attached to the side of the heating resistor 3 remote from the AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gp!;7267173 T-099 P.13/26 Job-338 glass support plate. The attachme:rlt of the heating resistor 3 between the glass support plate 7 and the electrochromic mirror 2 can ComE .about in various ways. The heating resistor 3 can for example ire ap-plied as a solid coating to the rear side 2a of the electrochrornic mirror.
A further possibility is that the heating resistor 3 is embodied as a foil composite. To this end, the re-~.0 sistor element running between the contacts 3a and 3b is enclosed between two foils. It is now possible to attach this foil composite as a farm-fit, for in-stance by means of a snap-an plug connection, to the rear side 2a of the electroohromic mirror. Another variant provides for the outer sides of the foil com-posite to be sElf-adhesive. In this case, the heating resistor 3 ensures the secure connectJ.on of the mir-ror 2 on the glass support plate 7 (instead df tile self~-adhesive exterior surface of the foil, a double--2~ sided adhesive tape can naturally also be glued to the outer sides of the foil composite, which has the same function).
~t is also possible to accommodate further elements of the control device, e.g. an integral:ed circuit, between the glass support plate 7 and mirror 2. This l.ntegrated circuit can either be applied directly to the rear side 2a of the mirror 2 or to a foil. This application can come about in SMD technology or chip-an board technology. An integrated circuit could also be accommodated within. the foil composite described above. Heat-resistant plastics are preferably used as foils here.
Further elements of the control d~,evice, for instance a digital-analog converter, can likewise be accommo-AUG-30-O1 10:39 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 9057267113 T-099 P.14/26 Job-338 dated inszde the housing 9 of the exterior mirror unit 5, for example inside the glass adjustment drive 8.
The above embodiments referred by way of example to the exterior mirrors shown in Figa. I and 2. The de-scribed embodiments are simi7.arly applicable to inte-rior mirrors.
Fiq. 3 shows the diagrammatic construction of the whole vehicle rear vision system. This contains two rearview units, an interior mirror unit 4 as well as an exterior mirror unit 5. A vehicle power supply de-vice, not shown in detail, providE=s a d.c. voltage of 7.5 a nominal 12v. The vehicle voltage= can however be be-tween 5'~ and 2~V, depending an th~a automotive vehi-cle. The vehicle power supply dev_~ce is connected to the control unit an order to supp~!y it with powez:.
The exterior mirror unit 5 has anew or two electro-chromic mirrors, (respectively one on each side of the vehicle), t:ne interior mirror unit has one elec-t.r.ochromic vehicle mirror.
A glare sensor 10 attached to the interior mirror and ~5 orientated in the d~.reotion of rei"lection of the electrochromic mirror (i.e. towards the rear of the vehicle), measures the incident l~.ght flux Pram the rear of the vehicle (for instance from vehicles trav-elling behind same). A daylight seansor 11; which is orientated e.g. in the direction of motion or towards one side of the vehicle, determinE:s a further light flux. Senscars 10 and 11 are connected to a computing unit 20 of the control device for data transmission.
Depending on the measurEment values of the sensors, the amount of glare is determined by the computing unit 20, and converted into an analog control signal.
AUG-30-01 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gp57267173 T-099 P.15/26 Job-338 1. 0 This analog control signal is then supplied to a transistor (see input 1'7a of transistor Q in Figs. 4a and 4b). The circuit shown in Figs. 4a and 9b, which will be described in detail later, makes available to the elect~ochxamic mirror 2 a d.c. voltage vaxyinc~
between OV and 1.5V according to the amount of glare_ In dependence on this voltage, the reflection proper-ties of the electrochromic mirror 2 alter in known fashion. The analog voltage 21 is e.g, laetween JV and 1.5V. It can however, accprding to the embodiment, cover higher voltage regions, e.g_ from pV - 2.5V.
In addition tp controlling the reflection properties of the interior mirror, the computing unit 2d also controls the re f ection properties of at least one electrochromic mirrox 2 of the exterior mirror unit 5. To this end, the computing unit 20 transm~.ts an analog signal, as was far ir_stance supplied to the eleotxochromic mirror 2 of the interior mirror unit 2C 9, to the electrochromic mirror 2 ef the exterior mirror unit 5. This signal can be transmitted e.g.
directly. Fig. 3 shows a fux-ther possible way of transmission.
This possib~.~.i.ty consists in the analog control sig-nal being digitised first of all in an analog-digital converter 15, which is accommodated far instance in a "roof modulE," of an automotive vehicle, (according to the design of the computing unit 20, in some ern-bodiments a micro-controller integrated in the com-puting unit 20 can already emit a d~.gital signal).
The signal digitized in trie analog-digital converter 7.5 is led by means of a data bus to a door contxol apparatus 12. The door control apparatus i.~ is de-signed as a node, which controls all the functa.ons of the door, such as glass adjustment drive, mirror AUG-30-01 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 gOg7267173 T-099 P 16/26 Jvb-338 glass heating, tilt:~ng mechanism drive, lighting de-vices and signal device.
The connection between the door control apparatus 12 and unit 19 shows a further variax:t of the transmis-sion Qf the control signal to ari selectrochromie mir-ror 2.
The dour control apparatus 12 belonging tc the con-trot device contains a unit for t:he pulse-width modu-lation of a control signal with a signal level at the level of the vehicle voltage (naturally, as well as the standard 12V vehicle voltage, other levels cf voltage are possible). The pulse-width modulated brightness signal is led with a signal level at the levP1 of the vehicle voltage to unit 14. Unit 19 has a converter, belonging to the control devJ.ce, for converting the pulse-width modulated signal ~.3 into an analog control voltage. zn order to avoid the heat problems depicted in the introduction to the specifi--catior~, in this conversion a circuit arrangement as per ?"igs. 4a or 4b is needed. ThE; low analog control voltage (preferably between 0V and 1.5v) is then led to the electrochromic mirror 2.
z~
Tn the present example, the computing unit 20 is ac-commodated in the interior mirror unit. it is natu--rall~r possible to accommodate thc~ c4mputing unit 2g in the exterior mirror unit 5 also. As a result of the design acccrdir~g to the invention of a heating resistor, no heat problems here occur in the exterior mirror, the heat can even be used as available heat for heating the mirror surface. The computing unit can also be acaommodat~d in other places, far example in the region of the door control apparatus 12 or of the roof module.
AUG-30-O1 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 g0!g7267173 T-099 P.17/26 Job-338 The embodiment given by way of example and shown in Fig. 3 thus shows a plurality of transmission paths between the computing unit 24 and an electrochrornic mirror 2:
analog transmission 2. digitisation and transmissiaxl by means of data bus lp 3. pulse-width modulation with <a signal. level e.g.
at the level of the vehicle voltage.
It is naturally possible to use just one of the sys-tems presented for signal transmis~iori. For this, in tlye case of digital transmission .by means of data bus, (preferably a DART or CAN protocol is used) e.g.
a digital-analog converter is necessary for convert-ing the data bus signal into an analog control volt-age.
zo Fig. 4a shows a circuit for minimisation of heat de-velopment in the region of the transistor Q. The sheet-type heating resistor 3 iS Connected in series to a parallel circuit of a control transistor Q and 2~ an electrochromic mirror 2. Between points 23 and 24 is released a voltage at the level of the vehicle voltage. Through input 2~a, a control voltage or a control signal is supplied to thE~ transistor Q, by which means the current passing i~hrough transistor 30 and resistor is adjusted. pepend:ing on this transient current, a different component voltage is released on the heating resistor R such that a residual voltage of a different level remains on the electrochromic mirror z and is far example in the region between aV
35 and 1.5V. The use of a circuit as per Fig. ~a is par-ticularly advantageous since the dissipation occur AUG-30-O1 10:40 From: CA 02356847 2001-05-28 g0!;7267173 T-099 P.1$/26 Job-33$
:r 3 ring in the transistor is particularly low therEin, (instead of the 44a mentioned init:~ally in power tran-sistors according to the state of the art, here c.g.
only 0.5w are to be con~rertEd in the transistor) .
F~.g. ~b shows a further embodiment of a circuit ar-rangem~nt accordinC~ to the invention. Between points 23 and 2~ there is a voltage cf e.g. 12V (the level of the vehicle vo~.tage). rn this embodiment, the lp transistor Q, which is actuated by a control. sigr'Aal 1?a, the heating resistor 3 and t:he elec~trachromic mirror 2 are connected in series. As in the arrange meat shown in Fig. Via, the heating resistor is dis-posed flat te.g. in a spiral or rneander shape).
~'he circuits shown in Figs. as and 4b s?~ou~.d be so laid out that the maximum control vo>rtagc on the electrochromic mirror is less than 250 of the nominal vehicle voltage.
Claims (22)
1. Vehicle rear vision system (1) with at least one rearview mirror unit provided with an electro-chromic mirror (2), with a control device as well as a vehicle power supply device, the con-trol device being electrically connected for its power supply to the vehicle power supply device and to the electrochromic mirror in order to control the reflection properties of said mirror in dependence on a control voltage and to a sheet-type heating resistor, characterised in that the control device has the sheet-type heating resistor (3) as dissipating resistor to carry away the electrical dissipation loss resulting from the generation of the control voltage as heat.
2. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 1, characterised in that the control voltage is less than 25% of the vehicle's voltage.
3. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rearview mirror unit is embodied as an interior mirror unit (4) or an exterior mirror unit (5).
4. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 3, characterised in that both the interior (4) and/or exterior mirror unit (5) have electro-chromic mirrors (2) which are respectively con-nected to the control device.
5. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 3, characterised in that parts of the control de-vice.
are accommodated in the housing (9) of the interior (4) or exterior mirror unit (5),
are accommodated in the housing (9) of the interior (4) or exterior mirror unit (5),
6. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heating resistor (3) is applied as a coating to a carrier material.
7. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 6, characterised in that the carrier material is the non-reflective rear side (2a) of the mirror (2) of the rearview mirror unit, a flat electri-cal line or a foil.
8. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim.
6, characterised in that the coating is made of copper, silver or aluminium.
6, characterised in that the coating is made of copper, silver or aluminium.
9. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 7, characterised in that the heating resistor (3) is disposed in meander shape on the carrier ma-terial (2).
10. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 9, characterised in that, on the same carrier mate-rial as that on which the heating resistor (3) is disposed in meander shape, there is disposed a mirror glass heating system (6) is disposed belonging to the rearview mirror unit.
11. Rear vision system according to one of the pre-ceding claims, characterised in that the heating resistor (3) is connected to the electrochromic mirror (2) either as part of the material of same or as a form-fit.
12. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the mirror is disposed on a glass support plate (7) belonging to the rearview mirror unit, which plate is orientated towards the non-reflective rear side of the mirror, and the heating resis-for (3) as well as further elements of the con-trol device are disposed between the mirror and the glass support plate.
13. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that ele-ments of the control device are arranged in a glass adjustment drive (8) belonging to the rearview mirror unit.
14. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device contains an integrated circuit.
15. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 14, characterised in that the integrated circuit is applied directly to a foil.
16. Vehicle rearview system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the con-trol device has at least one light sensor (10, 11) disposed preferably in the region of inci-dent light of an electrochromic mirror, and which generates a control signal to generate a control voltage in dependence on the incident light flux.
17. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device has a unit for the pulse-width modulation (12) of a control signal with a sig-nal level, preferably at the level of the vehi-cle's voltage, and the unit for the pulse-width modulation is connected to a transformer (14), belonging to the control device, for converting the pulse-width modulated signal (13) into an analog control voltage.
18. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device has an analog-digital converter (15) for the digitization of a control signal and the analog-digital converter is connected via a date bus to a digital-analog converter in order to convert the digital signal into an ana-log control voltage.
19. Vehicle rear vision system according to claim 18, characterised in that the data bus protocol is based on a UART or CAN system.
20. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heating resistor (3) is connected in series to a parallel connection consisting of at least one electrochromic mirror (2) and a transistor.
21. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of claims 1 - 19, characterised in that the heating resistor (3) is connected in series to an elec-trochromic mirror (2) and to a transistor (17) placed in series to same.
22. Vehicle rear vision system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electrical connections within the control device and/or between the control device and electro-chromic mirrors are realised as foil printed circuits.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19860941A DE19860941A1 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1998-12-29 | Vehicle rear view system with electrochromic mirror |
| DE19860941.8 | 1998-12-29 | ||
| PCT/EP1999/010354 WO2000038950A2 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1999-12-23 | Vehicle rearview system with electrochrome mirror |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2356847A1 true CA2356847A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
Family
ID=7893243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002356847A Abandoned CA2356847A1 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1999-12-23 | Vehicle rearview system with electrochrome mirror |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1144220B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002533257A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010086041A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE222190T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2539200A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9916657A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2356847A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ20011868A3 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19860941A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2181500T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01006654A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL350434A1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK9352001A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000038950A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6834969B2 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2004-12-28 | Schefenacker Vision Systems France S.A. | Heated mirror |
| DE10322322A1 (en) * | 2003-05-17 | 2004-12-02 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Electrochromatic mirror control system for motor vehicle, has microcontroller with integral control unit for mirror, which is implemented as software control unit |
| JP5005186B2 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2012-08-22 | 市光工業株式会社 | In-vehicle camera structure |
| DE102007013598B3 (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-05-08 | Mekra Lang Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flat mirror panel for use in outside mirror of motor vehicle, has recesses provided in shape of negative print of heating conductor with connection contacts, and substrate completely coated with metal up to recesses of negative print |
| DE102010056493A1 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heated mirror |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2745666C3 (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1980-05-14 | Deutsche Uhrglasfabrik Gmbh, 3223 Delligsen | Anti-glare rearview mirror for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, and method for its production |
| JPS58126517A (en) * | 1982-01-22 | 1983-07-28 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Plane heater for liquid crystal element |
| JPS6159317A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-26 | Nippon Kogaku Kk <Nikon> | Electrochromic element provided with heating circuit |
| US5446576A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1995-08-29 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic mirror for vehicles with illumination and heating control |
| US5823654A (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1998-10-20 | Donnelly Corporation | Universal exterior vehicle security light |
| GB9303807D0 (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1993-04-14 | Glaverbel | Rear-view assembly for a vehicle and an adaptor therefor |
| JP2798337B2 (en) * | 1993-03-29 | 1998-09-17 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | Control device for anti-glare mirror for vehicle |
| AU2612495A (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1995-11-29 | Maravic, Monika | Heating element for a sheet electrical insulator |
| US6019475A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 2000-02-01 | Donnelly Corporation | Modular rearview mirror assembly including an electronic control module |
| JP3002396B2 (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 2000-01-24 | 株式会社村上開明堂 | Auto-dimming mirror |
| US6089721A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 2000-07-18 | Donnelly Corporation | Digital electrochromic mirror system |
| DE19738609C2 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2000-04-13 | Brose Fahrzeugteile | Electrically adjustable motor vehicle mirror and a method for controlling it |
-
1998
- 1998-12-29 DE DE19860941A patent/DE19860941A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-23 BR BR9916657-7A patent/BR9916657A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-23 WO PCT/EP1999/010354 patent/WO2000038950A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-23 KR KR1020017006283A patent/KR20010086041A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-23 CA CA002356847A patent/CA2356847A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-23 ES ES99968378T patent/ES2181500T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-23 SK SK935-2001A patent/SK9352001A3/en unknown
- 1999-12-23 JP JP2000590878A patent/JP2002533257A/en active Pending
- 1999-12-23 DE DE59902384T patent/DE59902384D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-23 AT AT99968378T patent/ATE222190T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-23 MX MXPA01006654A patent/MXPA01006654A/en unknown
- 1999-12-23 CZ CZ20011868A patent/CZ20011868A3/en unknown
- 1999-12-23 PL PL99350434A patent/PL350434A1/en unknown
- 1999-12-23 EP EP99968378A patent/EP1144220B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-23 AU AU25392/00A patent/AU2539200A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9916657A (en) | 2001-12-04 |
| AU2539200A (en) | 2000-07-31 |
| DE59902384D1 (en) | 2002-09-19 |
| WO2000038950A2 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
| MXPA01006654A (en) | 2002-07-02 |
| KR20010086041A (en) | 2001-09-07 |
| ES2181500T3 (en) | 2003-02-16 |
| WO2000038950A3 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
| SK9352001A3 (en) | 2002-02-05 |
| ATE222190T1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
| PL350434A1 (en) | 2002-12-16 |
| DE19860941A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
| JP2002533257A (en) | 2002-10-08 |
| EP1144220A2 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
| EP1144220B1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| CZ20011868A3 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |