CA2314042C - Horse feed - Google Patents
Horse feed Download PDFInfo
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- CA2314042C CA2314042C CA002314042A CA2314042A CA2314042C CA 2314042 C CA2314042 C CA 2314042C CA 002314042 A CA002314042 A CA 002314042A CA 2314042 A CA2314042 A CA 2314042A CA 2314042 C CA2314042 C CA 2314042C
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- feed mixture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/20—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for horses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
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Abstract
The present invention provides a horse feed mixture with a high protein content consisting of: a grain product, a protein supplement, a high protein plant substance, a micro-nutrient and a calcium supplement. An improved method of preparation of horse feed mixtures, as well as an improved method of feeding horses are also provided. The horse feed mixture of the present invention complies with the horse daily requirements of protein when mixed with hay.
Description
HORSE FEED
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to horse feeds and methods of feeding horses, and more particularly to the preparation and use of a horse feed mixture to improve equestrian health and performance.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Unsoundness of horses has been attributed to many factors including inheritance, accident, injury and overwork. Nutritional deficiencies have received attention. However, little effort has been directed towards developing a feed which permits horses to consume an optimal and adequate amount of protein, as well as calcium, zinc and vitamin B12. These nutrient elements are believed to contribute in a synergistic way in the maintain of the energy capacity of the anaerobic and muscular system in horses; the absence of one prevents the utilization of others. In fact, a vitamin B12 deficiency is commonly caused by a calcium deficiency, which in turn is commonly caused by a protein deficiency.
It is known in the prior art to produce horse feeds which have compositions exhibiting good palatability, improved digestibility and high carbohydrate content for increased energy. Such feeds are described in US Pat. No 3,946,115 to Brever et al, US Pat. Nos 4,166,867 and 4,197,320 to Betz et al, and US Pat. No 4,847,095 to Alley et al. However, it has been noticed that with all the available horse feed mixtures, the horse system remains incapable of responding optimally to training. This may cause stress, excessive sweating leading to dehydration, and elevated working heart rates.
These factors and others may eventually lead to soft tissue damage resulting in lameness.
In fact, when these available horse feed mixtures, which generally contain a range of 12%
to 16% protein are mixed with hay, the total amount of protein is lowered to 7-10%
(depending on the amount of hay used).
Tt has been found that to improve the performance and health of horses, the horse feed (including hay) should provide a protein content of 12% to 18%. There is therefore a need for a horse feed mixture with high protein content, which would comply with the horse daily requirements of protein when mixed with hay.
SITIvINIARY OF THE INVENTION
One of the features of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved formulation of horse feed mixture with a high protein content.
Another feature of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved method of preparation of horse feed mixtures.
An additional feature of ane embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved method of feeding horses.
In accordance with one embodiment ofthe present invention there is provided a horse feed mixture comprising: (a) grain within the range of about SO% to 70%
by weight; (b) protein supplement of at least 24% protein or higher and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight; (c) a high protein plant substance different from said protein supplement and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan; (d) a micro-nutrient supplement and within the range of about 1 S
grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture; and (e) calcium supplement within the range of about _2_ 15 gams to 60 gams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture; wherein the total of components (a) through (e) comprises 100% by weight ofthe mixture.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention there is provided an improved horse feed mixture which captains grain and a protein source, the improvement wherein said feed mixture comprises: a second protein source comprising a plant substance within the range of about 12.8% to about 41.5% by weight of the mixture, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan.
In one preferred aspect of the invention, there is provided a horse feed mixture consisting of about 50% to about 70% by weight of a grain product such as oats, corn or barley; a protein supplement such as Purina Horse f:harge ~ within the range of 12.8% to about 41.5% by weight; a high protein plant substance such as soya meal within the range of 12.8% to 41. S% by weight; a micro-nutrient such as Dairy Premix No. 2~'~'' within the range of 15 grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg (10.25 pounds) of the feed mixture;
and a calcium supplement such. as calcium phosphate within the range of 15 grams to 60 gams per 4.65 kg ( 10.25 pounds) of the feed mixture. A,11 of the components together comprising 100% by weight of the feed mixture.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the high protein plant substance contains lysine or tryptophan and has a protein content of at least 24%. The calcium supplement comprises at least 22% calcium, 16% phosphorus and 400 mg of fluoride per kg of said calcium supplement. Moreover, said calcium supplement has a calcium phosphate ratio in the range of 1:1 to 1.6, and is selected from limestone and dicalcium phosphate.
In the more preferred embodiment of the invention, the horse feed mixture comprises 58.5% oats; 19.5% protein supplement at 33% protein; 21.9% soya meal; 33 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of vitamin and mineral supplement for horses, cattle or swine; and 40 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of dicalcium phosphate.; all of the above amounts being variable within a range of 10%.
This mixture provides the horse with a feed having about 12% to about 14%
protein when mixed with hay. Providing a horse with a feed of this type activates and increases the energy capacity of the anaerobic system of the horse. It also improves the ability of the horse to heal from injury or illness and increases the horse's strength.
If it is desired to provide the horse with a diet containing more protein (up to 18%), hay is substituted with alfalfa at 12% to 18% protein within the range of .23 kg (.5 pounds) to 2.72 kg (6 pounds) per 4.65 kg ( 10.25 pounds) of feed mixture.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, there is provided a daily ration for feeding a horse comprising the feed mixture as defined in the present invention, and hay in a ratio of about 1:1 by weight. The said daily ration for feeding has a protein content of about 12% to about 16%.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for feeding a horse comprising feeding said horse with a feed comprising essentially the daily ration as defined in the present invention.
The energy capacity ofthe anaerobic system in horses is very important in helping the horse to withstand regular training without stress. The feed mixture of the present invention is formulated to provide at least some of the necessary nutrients to activate and increase this energy.
_4_ Where the word "about" or similar terminology is used, this is defined as variation within the range of plus or minus 10%.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The horse feed mixture of the present invention has the following generic composition:
T 1e I
Ingredient Amo n Crrain 50% to 70%
Protein supplement 12.8% to 41.5%
High protein plant substance 12.8% to 41.5%
Micro-nutrient 1 S grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed Calcium supplement 1 S grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed All percentage amounts herein are by weight.
The grain component of the horse feed mixture of the invention is preferably oats, corn or barley. The protein supplement of the horse feed mixture of the invention preferably comprises Purina Horse Charge ~"'', which contains about 33%
protein. A
suitable alternative brand is Minor Bros. Phase 27~''M or Phase 24~. Other equivalent complete protein supplements may be used. The protein supplement must contain 24%
protein or higher. The high protein plant substance used in the mixture comprises a pure plant product, which preferably consists of grain or seed. hor example this component may consist of soya meal, having about 48% protein, Alternatively, the high protein plant substance may consist of flaxseed or linseed meal. This cr~mponent of the mixture must contain lysine or tryptophan had have total protein content (dry) of 24% or higher.
-S-The micro-nutrient component may comprise Dairy Premix No.2"''s Alternatively, this component may comprise any other commercial vitamin or mineral supplement made for horses, cattle or swine. The calcium supplement component of the mixture of the invention may comprise calcium phosphate containing at least 22% calcium, at least 16% phosphorous, and at least 400 milligram per kilogram of fluoride.
This component must have a calcium/phosphorous ratio ranging from 1:1 to 1:6.
Preferred calcium supplement also includes supplements containing dicalcium phosphate or limestone.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-identified components are uniformly mixed and finely ground. More preferably, the above-identified components are ground and rolled into a pellet form or mixed on a while grain basis with molasses within the range of about 1% to about 8% to form a sweet feed.
The feed mixture is fed in conjunction with hay to form a feed ration suitable for daily feeding. It may be desirable to increase the pratein content of the horse feed if it is desired to enhance recovery from stress ar illness, or to rapidly increase animal strength.
In that case, for example, to provide the horse with up to 18% protein, alfalfa or any other commercially available hay substitute with a protein content of about 8% to about 18% by weight is used to replace hay, within the range of about .23 kg (0.5 pound) to about 2.72 kg (6 pounds) per 4.65 kg (10.25 pounds) of feed mixture. However, it has been established that providing the horse with a daily feed ration of more than I8%
total protein does not provide more benefit than a 14-18% ration.
In the first example shawn in Table II, a 14% total protein diet is provided.
In this example, the feed mixture to hay ratio is about 1.04:1 to about 1.09:1. In a second example shown in Table III, a 12% total protein diet is provided, with a feed mixture to hay ratio of about 0.83:1 to about 0.87:1.
Table II (Example 1: 14% total protein diet) Horse height (hands)Pound per day of Pound per day of feed hay 14.2 mixture S (2.27 kg) 4.8 (2.18 kg) 15 6.8 (3.08 kg) 6.4 (2.90 kg) 15.2 8.4 (3.81 kg) 8 (3.63 kg) 16 10.25 (4.65 kg) 9.5 (4.31 kg) 16.2 12 (5.45 kg) 11 (4.99 kg) 17 13 , 6 (6.17 kg) 12. 8 (5 . 81 kg) T 1e III {Example 2: 12% total protein diet) Horse height (hands)Pound per day of feed Pound per day of mixture hay 14.2 5 (2 , 27 kg) 6 (2. 72 kg) 6.8 (3.08 kg) 8 (3.63 kg) 15.2 8.4 (3.81 kg) 10 (4.54 kg) 16 10.25 (4.65 kg) 12 (5.45 kg) 16.2 12 (5.45 kg) 14 (6.35 kg) 17 ~ 13.6 (6.17 kg) , 16 (7.26 kg) The following examples {Examples 3 to 7) relate to some case studies, illustrating the efficiency of the feed mixture and method of feeding of the invention:
_7_ A 4 years old Standard bred mare who had been lame for about 8 months since her last race with a bowed tendon, completely recovered from her injury 6 weeks after she was removed from her usual high fat extruded feed to the feed mixture of the invention.
She had also grown a full 5.08 cm (2 inches) during these 6 weeks and, trained at the track one month later, she was getting ready to qualify.
A half Arab mare of 7 years old was started on the feed mixture of the invention at the age of 3. In spite of a hernia surgery at the age of 5, she was working in medium level dressage: 80 min/day, without sweating, and with a breathing recovery time of less than 2 min. Two weeks after a new boarder changed her feed ration to one constituted mainly of flake of hay, thus dropping her protein daily ration from I 4% to 12%, her work had steadily dropped down to 40 min/day, accompanied with sweating on the neck, shoulders and under tack, and a breathing recovery time of about 5-10 min. The mare was put back on the feed of the invention, and after 2 weeks , regained her normal work capacity of 80 min/day, with no sweating, and a breathing recovery time of less than 2 min.
The suspensory in the left hind of a 4 years old Standard bred gelding with a good track record, had dropped for 2 months. He had been fed sweet feed and soya bean meal.
The bones in the foot were raising under the skin. The horse was started given the feed mixture of the invention, and 8 weeks later, the horse was sound and able to light job.
Three months later, the horse was getting ready to qualify. At this time, the horse was put an Martin's Extruded Feed"" and broke down 14 days later. The horse was still lame one year later.
Two Standard bred colts, both at the age of 3, unbroken, and fed sweet feed and corn were started on the feed nuxture of the invention, and were broke to drive and started jogging. Three months later, both horses were jogging 9.66 km/day (6 miles/day) and consistently returned from the track lightly sweated under the tack, and had a breathing recovery time of less than 2 min. At this same time, both horses resumed original feed program of sweet feed and corn. Exactly 14 days later, both horses had to be forced to jog 3.22 km (2 miles) and returned from the track drenched with sweat and hyperventilating. Both horses took 2 hours to recover normal breathing.
Neither horse had any prior cardiovascular fitness to rely on, so it was not capable of taking over the workload. The owner spent the next 6 months working back to 9.66 km/day (6 miles/day). Both horses broke down in training and never raced. This case shows the change in cardiovascular systems workload when the horse is fed with the mixture of the invention.
EXAMPLE ?
A 4 years old thoroughbred mare, fed sweet feed, fnished second year of racing with 7 starts, 1 win, and was lame with osselets after her 7~' race. She had also lost 70% of flexion of both ankles due to the osselets (calcium deposits). She was started on the feed mixture of the invention and was put on stall rest. Three months later, the veterinarian claimed she was sound, the osselets had reduced 50%, and she had regained 100%
flexion of both ankles. She was worked 20 min/day for 3 weeks, without sweating, and with a breathing recovery time within the range of 2 min. She returned to the track to train and race, and the owners continued feeding according to the method of the invention for the duration of the season. She finished that year with 1 S starts, 13 wins, 1 second and 1 third. She was also the track favourite for that year. This shows the increase in strength, stamina and ability to stay sound in spite of previous injuries provided by the feed mixture of the invention.
The following examples (Examples 8 to 10) relate to specific feed mixtures:
The following ingredients are uniformly mixed and finely ground to prepare a horse feed mixture at 24% protein:
1. Oats: 58.5%
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to horse feeds and methods of feeding horses, and more particularly to the preparation and use of a horse feed mixture to improve equestrian health and performance.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Unsoundness of horses has been attributed to many factors including inheritance, accident, injury and overwork. Nutritional deficiencies have received attention. However, little effort has been directed towards developing a feed which permits horses to consume an optimal and adequate amount of protein, as well as calcium, zinc and vitamin B12. These nutrient elements are believed to contribute in a synergistic way in the maintain of the energy capacity of the anaerobic and muscular system in horses; the absence of one prevents the utilization of others. In fact, a vitamin B12 deficiency is commonly caused by a calcium deficiency, which in turn is commonly caused by a protein deficiency.
It is known in the prior art to produce horse feeds which have compositions exhibiting good palatability, improved digestibility and high carbohydrate content for increased energy. Such feeds are described in US Pat. No 3,946,115 to Brever et al, US Pat. Nos 4,166,867 and 4,197,320 to Betz et al, and US Pat. No 4,847,095 to Alley et al. However, it has been noticed that with all the available horse feed mixtures, the horse system remains incapable of responding optimally to training. This may cause stress, excessive sweating leading to dehydration, and elevated working heart rates.
These factors and others may eventually lead to soft tissue damage resulting in lameness.
In fact, when these available horse feed mixtures, which generally contain a range of 12%
to 16% protein are mixed with hay, the total amount of protein is lowered to 7-10%
(depending on the amount of hay used).
Tt has been found that to improve the performance and health of horses, the horse feed (including hay) should provide a protein content of 12% to 18%. There is therefore a need for a horse feed mixture with high protein content, which would comply with the horse daily requirements of protein when mixed with hay.
SITIvINIARY OF THE INVENTION
One of the features of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved formulation of horse feed mixture with a high protein content.
Another feature of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved method of preparation of horse feed mixtures.
An additional feature of ane embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved method of feeding horses.
In accordance with one embodiment ofthe present invention there is provided a horse feed mixture comprising: (a) grain within the range of about SO% to 70%
by weight; (b) protein supplement of at least 24% protein or higher and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight; (c) a high protein plant substance different from said protein supplement and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan; (d) a micro-nutrient supplement and within the range of about 1 S
grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture; and (e) calcium supplement within the range of about _2_ 15 gams to 60 gams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture; wherein the total of components (a) through (e) comprises 100% by weight ofthe mixture.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention there is provided an improved horse feed mixture which captains grain and a protein source, the improvement wherein said feed mixture comprises: a second protein source comprising a plant substance within the range of about 12.8% to about 41.5% by weight of the mixture, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan.
In one preferred aspect of the invention, there is provided a horse feed mixture consisting of about 50% to about 70% by weight of a grain product such as oats, corn or barley; a protein supplement such as Purina Horse f:harge ~ within the range of 12.8% to about 41.5% by weight; a high protein plant substance such as soya meal within the range of 12.8% to 41. S% by weight; a micro-nutrient such as Dairy Premix No. 2~'~'' within the range of 15 grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg (10.25 pounds) of the feed mixture;
and a calcium supplement such. as calcium phosphate within the range of 15 grams to 60 gams per 4.65 kg ( 10.25 pounds) of the feed mixture. A,11 of the components together comprising 100% by weight of the feed mixture.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the high protein plant substance contains lysine or tryptophan and has a protein content of at least 24%. The calcium supplement comprises at least 22% calcium, 16% phosphorus and 400 mg of fluoride per kg of said calcium supplement. Moreover, said calcium supplement has a calcium phosphate ratio in the range of 1:1 to 1.6, and is selected from limestone and dicalcium phosphate.
In the more preferred embodiment of the invention, the horse feed mixture comprises 58.5% oats; 19.5% protein supplement at 33% protein; 21.9% soya meal; 33 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of vitamin and mineral supplement for horses, cattle or swine; and 40 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of dicalcium phosphate.; all of the above amounts being variable within a range of 10%.
This mixture provides the horse with a feed having about 12% to about 14%
protein when mixed with hay. Providing a horse with a feed of this type activates and increases the energy capacity of the anaerobic system of the horse. It also improves the ability of the horse to heal from injury or illness and increases the horse's strength.
If it is desired to provide the horse with a diet containing more protein (up to 18%), hay is substituted with alfalfa at 12% to 18% protein within the range of .23 kg (.5 pounds) to 2.72 kg (6 pounds) per 4.65 kg ( 10.25 pounds) of feed mixture.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, there is provided a daily ration for feeding a horse comprising the feed mixture as defined in the present invention, and hay in a ratio of about 1:1 by weight. The said daily ration for feeding has a protein content of about 12% to about 16%.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for feeding a horse comprising feeding said horse with a feed comprising essentially the daily ration as defined in the present invention.
The energy capacity ofthe anaerobic system in horses is very important in helping the horse to withstand regular training without stress. The feed mixture of the present invention is formulated to provide at least some of the necessary nutrients to activate and increase this energy.
_4_ Where the word "about" or similar terminology is used, this is defined as variation within the range of plus or minus 10%.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The horse feed mixture of the present invention has the following generic composition:
T 1e I
Ingredient Amo n Crrain 50% to 70%
Protein supplement 12.8% to 41.5%
High protein plant substance 12.8% to 41.5%
Micro-nutrient 1 S grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed Calcium supplement 1 S grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed All percentage amounts herein are by weight.
The grain component of the horse feed mixture of the invention is preferably oats, corn or barley. The protein supplement of the horse feed mixture of the invention preferably comprises Purina Horse Charge ~"'', which contains about 33%
protein. A
suitable alternative brand is Minor Bros. Phase 27~''M or Phase 24~. Other equivalent complete protein supplements may be used. The protein supplement must contain 24%
protein or higher. The high protein plant substance used in the mixture comprises a pure plant product, which preferably consists of grain or seed. hor example this component may consist of soya meal, having about 48% protein, Alternatively, the high protein plant substance may consist of flaxseed or linseed meal. This cr~mponent of the mixture must contain lysine or tryptophan had have total protein content (dry) of 24% or higher.
-S-The micro-nutrient component may comprise Dairy Premix No.2"''s Alternatively, this component may comprise any other commercial vitamin or mineral supplement made for horses, cattle or swine. The calcium supplement component of the mixture of the invention may comprise calcium phosphate containing at least 22% calcium, at least 16% phosphorous, and at least 400 milligram per kilogram of fluoride.
This component must have a calcium/phosphorous ratio ranging from 1:1 to 1:6.
Preferred calcium supplement also includes supplements containing dicalcium phosphate or limestone.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-identified components are uniformly mixed and finely ground. More preferably, the above-identified components are ground and rolled into a pellet form or mixed on a while grain basis with molasses within the range of about 1% to about 8% to form a sweet feed.
The feed mixture is fed in conjunction with hay to form a feed ration suitable for daily feeding. It may be desirable to increase the pratein content of the horse feed if it is desired to enhance recovery from stress ar illness, or to rapidly increase animal strength.
In that case, for example, to provide the horse with up to 18% protein, alfalfa or any other commercially available hay substitute with a protein content of about 8% to about 18% by weight is used to replace hay, within the range of about .23 kg (0.5 pound) to about 2.72 kg (6 pounds) per 4.65 kg (10.25 pounds) of feed mixture. However, it has been established that providing the horse with a daily feed ration of more than I8%
total protein does not provide more benefit than a 14-18% ration.
In the first example shawn in Table II, a 14% total protein diet is provided.
In this example, the feed mixture to hay ratio is about 1.04:1 to about 1.09:1. In a second example shown in Table III, a 12% total protein diet is provided, with a feed mixture to hay ratio of about 0.83:1 to about 0.87:1.
Table II (Example 1: 14% total protein diet) Horse height (hands)Pound per day of Pound per day of feed hay 14.2 mixture S (2.27 kg) 4.8 (2.18 kg) 15 6.8 (3.08 kg) 6.4 (2.90 kg) 15.2 8.4 (3.81 kg) 8 (3.63 kg) 16 10.25 (4.65 kg) 9.5 (4.31 kg) 16.2 12 (5.45 kg) 11 (4.99 kg) 17 13 , 6 (6.17 kg) 12. 8 (5 . 81 kg) T 1e III {Example 2: 12% total protein diet) Horse height (hands)Pound per day of feed Pound per day of mixture hay 14.2 5 (2 , 27 kg) 6 (2. 72 kg) 6.8 (3.08 kg) 8 (3.63 kg) 15.2 8.4 (3.81 kg) 10 (4.54 kg) 16 10.25 (4.65 kg) 12 (5.45 kg) 16.2 12 (5.45 kg) 14 (6.35 kg) 17 ~ 13.6 (6.17 kg) , 16 (7.26 kg) The following examples {Examples 3 to 7) relate to some case studies, illustrating the efficiency of the feed mixture and method of feeding of the invention:
_7_ A 4 years old Standard bred mare who had been lame for about 8 months since her last race with a bowed tendon, completely recovered from her injury 6 weeks after she was removed from her usual high fat extruded feed to the feed mixture of the invention.
She had also grown a full 5.08 cm (2 inches) during these 6 weeks and, trained at the track one month later, she was getting ready to qualify.
A half Arab mare of 7 years old was started on the feed mixture of the invention at the age of 3. In spite of a hernia surgery at the age of 5, she was working in medium level dressage: 80 min/day, without sweating, and with a breathing recovery time of less than 2 min. Two weeks after a new boarder changed her feed ration to one constituted mainly of flake of hay, thus dropping her protein daily ration from I 4% to 12%, her work had steadily dropped down to 40 min/day, accompanied with sweating on the neck, shoulders and under tack, and a breathing recovery time of about 5-10 min. The mare was put back on the feed of the invention, and after 2 weeks , regained her normal work capacity of 80 min/day, with no sweating, and a breathing recovery time of less than 2 min.
The suspensory in the left hind of a 4 years old Standard bred gelding with a good track record, had dropped for 2 months. He had been fed sweet feed and soya bean meal.
The bones in the foot were raising under the skin. The horse was started given the feed mixture of the invention, and 8 weeks later, the horse was sound and able to light job.
Three months later, the horse was getting ready to qualify. At this time, the horse was put an Martin's Extruded Feed"" and broke down 14 days later. The horse was still lame one year later.
Two Standard bred colts, both at the age of 3, unbroken, and fed sweet feed and corn were started on the feed nuxture of the invention, and were broke to drive and started jogging. Three months later, both horses were jogging 9.66 km/day (6 miles/day) and consistently returned from the track lightly sweated under the tack, and had a breathing recovery time of less than 2 min. At this same time, both horses resumed original feed program of sweet feed and corn. Exactly 14 days later, both horses had to be forced to jog 3.22 km (2 miles) and returned from the track drenched with sweat and hyperventilating. Both horses took 2 hours to recover normal breathing.
Neither horse had any prior cardiovascular fitness to rely on, so it was not capable of taking over the workload. The owner spent the next 6 months working back to 9.66 km/day (6 miles/day). Both horses broke down in training and never raced. This case shows the change in cardiovascular systems workload when the horse is fed with the mixture of the invention.
EXAMPLE ?
A 4 years old thoroughbred mare, fed sweet feed, fnished second year of racing with 7 starts, 1 win, and was lame with osselets after her 7~' race. She had also lost 70% of flexion of both ankles due to the osselets (calcium deposits). She was started on the feed mixture of the invention and was put on stall rest. Three months later, the veterinarian claimed she was sound, the osselets had reduced 50%, and she had regained 100%
flexion of both ankles. She was worked 20 min/day for 3 weeks, without sweating, and with a breathing recovery time within the range of 2 min. She returned to the track to train and race, and the owners continued feeding according to the method of the invention for the duration of the season. She finished that year with 1 S starts, 13 wins, 1 second and 1 third. She was also the track favourite for that year. This shows the increase in strength, stamina and ability to stay sound in spite of previous injuries provided by the feed mixture of the invention.
The following examples (Examples 8 to 10) relate to specific feed mixtures:
The following ingredients are uniformly mixed and finely ground to prepare a horse feed mixture at 24% protein:
1. Oats: 58.5%
2. Purina Horse Charge~'~'': 19.5%
3. Soya meal: 21.9%
4. Dairy Premix No. 2~"'': 33 grams per 4.65 kg ( 10.25 pounds) of feed
5. Calcium phosphate: 40 grams per 4.65 kg (10.25 pounds) of feed.
The resulting horse feed mixture is fed in conjunction with hay as per Example 1 to form a 14% total protein diet. When fed to a horse of 14.2 hands, the appropriate combination is 2.27 kg (5 pounds) of feed mixture to 2.18 kg (4.8 pounds) of hay. The above amounts may be varied by up to 10%.
The horse feed mixture prepared as per Example 8 is fed in conjunction with hay as a daily ration comprising a 12% total protein diet suitable for a 14.2 hands horse in the proportion of 2.27 kg (5 pounds) of feed mixture to 2.72 kg (6 pounds) of hay.
The horse feed mixture prepared as per Example 8 is fed in conjunction with alfalfa cubes at about 16% protein by weight or any other commercially available hay substitute at about 8% to about 18% protein by weight, within the range of about .23 kg (0.5 pound) to about 2.72 kg (6 pounds) per 4.65 kg { 10.25) pounds of feed mixture for a 14-18%
total protein diet.
The horse feed mixture is prepared as per Example 8 by mixing and grinding all the ingredients . Then molasses: 3% by weight of the feed mixture is added. The resulting sweet feed mixture is fed in conjunction with hay as per Example 1 to form a 14% total protein diet. When fed to a horse of 14.2 hands, the appropriate combination is about 2.27 kg (5 pounds) of sweet feed mixture to about 2.18 kg {4.8 pounds) of hay.
The resulting horse feed mixture is fed in conjunction with hay as per Example 1 to form a 14% total protein diet. When fed to a horse of 14.2 hands, the appropriate combination is 2.27 kg (5 pounds) of feed mixture to 2.18 kg (4.8 pounds) of hay. The above amounts may be varied by up to 10%.
The horse feed mixture prepared as per Example 8 is fed in conjunction with hay as a daily ration comprising a 12% total protein diet suitable for a 14.2 hands horse in the proportion of 2.27 kg (5 pounds) of feed mixture to 2.72 kg (6 pounds) of hay.
The horse feed mixture prepared as per Example 8 is fed in conjunction with alfalfa cubes at about 16% protein by weight or any other commercially available hay substitute at about 8% to about 18% protein by weight, within the range of about .23 kg (0.5 pound) to about 2.72 kg (6 pounds) per 4.65 kg { 10.25) pounds of feed mixture for a 14-18%
total protein diet.
The horse feed mixture is prepared as per Example 8 by mixing and grinding all the ingredients . Then molasses: 3% by weight of the feed mixture is added. The resulting sweet feed mixture is fed in conjunction with hay as per Example 1 to form a 14% total protein diet. When fed to a horse of 14.2 hands, the appropriate combination is about 2.27 kg (5 pounds) of sweet feed mixture to about 2.18 kg {4.8 pounds) of hay.
Claims (18)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A horse feed mixture comprising:
(a) grain within the range of about 50% to 70% by weight;
(b) protein supplement of at least 24% protein or higher and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight;
(c) a high protein plant substance different from said protein supplement and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan;
(d) a micro-nutrient supplement made for cattle, horses or swine within the range of about 15 grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture; and (e) calcium supplement within the range of about 15 grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture wherein the total of components (a) through (e) comprises 100% by weight of the mixture.
(a) grain within the range of about 50% to 70% by weight;
(b) protein supplement of at least 24% protein or higher and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight;
(c) a high protein plant substance different from said protein supplement and within the range of about 12.8% to 41.5% by weight, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan;
(d) a micro-nutrient supplement made for cattle, horses or swine within the range of about 15 grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture; and (e) calcium supplement within the range of about 15 grams to 60 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture wherein the total of components (a) through (e) comprises 100% by weight of the mixture.
2. A feed mixture as defined in claim 1, wherein said calcium supplement comprises at least about 22% calcium, about 16% phosphorus and about 400 mg of fluoride per kg of said calcium supplement.
3. A feed mixture as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein said calcium supplement has a calcium phosphate ratio in the range of about 1:1 to 1:6.
4. A feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said calcium supplement comprises a calcium source; selected from limestone and dicalcium phosphate.
5. A feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
58.5% oats;
19.5% protein supplement at 33% protein;
21.9% soya meal;
33 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of a micro-nutrient supplement for horses, cattle or swine; and 40 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of dicalcium phosphate;
said amounts being variable within a range of plus or minus 10%.
58.5% oats;
19.5% protein supplement at 33% protein;
21.9% soya meal;
33 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of a micro-nutrient supplement for horses, cattle or swine; and 40 grams per 4.65 kg of feed mixture of dicalcium phosphate;
said amounts being variable within a range of plus or minus 10%.
6. A feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising molasses within the range of about 1 % to about 8%.
7. A feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the micro-nutrient supplement is a vitamin and mineral supplement for horses, cattle or swine.
8. In a horse feed mixture which contains grain and a protein source, the improvement wherein said feed mixture comprises:
a second protein source comprising a plant substance within the range of about 12.8% to about 41. 5% by weight of the mixture, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan.
a second protein source comprising a plant substance within the range of about 12.8% to about 41. 5% by weight of the mixture, said high protein plant substance having a protein content of at least 24% and containing lysine or tryptophan.
9. A daily ration for feeding horses comprising a feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, and hay or a hay substitute in a ratio of about 1:1 by weight.
10. A daily ration for feeding horses as defined in claim 9, wherein said hay substitute has a protein content of about 8% to about 18% by weight, and said hay substitute is present within the range of .23 kg to 2.72 kg per 4.65 kg of feed mixture.
11. A daily ration for feeding horses as defined in claim 10, wherein said hay substitute is alfalfa having about 12% to about 18% protein by weight.
12. A daily ration for feeding horses as defined in claim 9, 10 or 11, wherein the ration has an overall protein content of about between 12% to 18%.
13. A daily ration for feeding horses as defined in claim 9, 10 or 11, wherein the ration has an overall protein content of about 12% to 14%.
14. A daily ration for feeding horses comprising a feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8 and hay, wherein the feed mixture to hay ratio is about 1.04:1 to about 1.09:1.
15. A daily ration for feeding horses comprising a feed mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8 and hay, wherein the feed mixture to hay ratio is about 0.83:1 to about 0.87:1.
16. A daily ration for feeding horses as defined in any one of claims 9 to 11, and 15, having a protein content of about 18%.
17. A method for feeding a horse comprising feeding said horse with a feed comprising essentially the daily ration as defined in any one of claims 9 to 16.
18. Use of the mixture of any one of claims 1 to 6 as a feed component for a horse.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002314042A CA2314042C (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2000-07-18 | Horse feed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002314042A CA2314042C (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2000-07-18 | Horse feed |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2314042A1 CA2314042A1 (en) | 2002-01-18 |
| CA2314042C true CA2314042C (en) | 2003-09-23 |
Family
ID=4166735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002314042A Expired - Lifetime CA2314042C (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2000-07-18 | Horse feed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2314042C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008131784A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-06 | PARREÑO LÓPEZ, Jenny Alicia | Balanced nutritional and/or food supplement containing natural ingredients and ingredients native to the peruvian andes, for horses, especially for peruvian paso horses |
| CN104171615B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-02-15 | 新疆农业大学 | Feed for improving milk yield and mild quality of ili horses and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2000
- 2000-07-18 CA CA002314042A patent/CA2314042C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2314042A1 (en) | 2002-01-18 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20200720 |