CA2279082C - Charging device - Google Patents
Charging device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2279082C CA2279082C CA002279082A CA2279082A CA2279082C CA 2279082 C CA2279082 C CA 2279082C CA 002279082 A CA002279082 A CA 002279082A CA 2279082 A CA2279082 A CA 2279082A CA 2279082 C CA2279082 C CA 2279082C
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- Prior art keywords
- charging
- guide
- appliance according
- charging element
- piston
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/08—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus for furnaces having movable grate bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/10—Waste feed arrangements using ram or pusher
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
- F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
- F23K2203/203—Feeding/conveying devices using pistons or rams
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Meter Arrangements (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Abstract
The charging device comprises a feed hopper (11), a feed chute (12), a feed table (13) and at least one charging element (14) which comprises a thrust part (15) and a guide part (16). While the thrust part (15) serves to convey the combustible material, the guide part (16) serves to guide the thrust part and to seal the charging element to the outside, so that no gases can escape to the outside from the combustion chamber.
Moreover, secondary air is also prevented from being drawn into the combustion installation. A sealing arrangement (21) serves this purpose.
Moreover, secondary air is also prevented from being drawn into the combustion installation. A sealing arrangement (21) serves this purpose.
Description
Martin GmbH fur Umwelt-und Energietechnik our ref.: 001/99/
CHARGING DEVICE
The invention relates to a charging device for incineration and gasification plants, in which the combustible material can be introduced into the plant from a feed hopper via a feed table by means of at least one charging element.
Known charging arrangements have the function of introducing the combustible material in a metered manner into an incineration or gasification plant. For this purpose, use has previously been made of a box-shaped charging piston or a number of such charging pistons which, supported on a plane feed table, is or are moved to and fro so as to convey the combustible material onto a combustion grate or into an incinerator. However, these charging devices have the disadvantage that the piston has very large rectilinear sealing surfaces which are intended to prevent combustible material being unintentionally drawn into the region behind the charging pistons. Straight sealing faces are, however, particularly difficult to produce, above all when such a charging piston is additionally subjected to thermal loads. At the front reversing point of the piston, that is to say when the piston is located in the end position close to the combustion chamber or the gasification chamber, considerable thermal radiation occurs on the front part of the charging piston. In the case of large charging pistons, this heating leads to non-uniform heating action and thus to distortions which can lead to serious lacks of sealing. If, as a result of such distortions, combustible material penetrates behind the charging piston, the latter may even become mechanically blocked.
Particular difficulties always arise when the charging device is also to be sealed against gases entering or escaping. This is necessary in particular in gasification plants in which the fuel is not reacted completely but in which a gas mixture is produced which is still combustible and perhaps even toxic.
The object of the invention is to provide a charging device which, by virtue of the constructional design of the charging element, makes possible simple and reliable sealing, in particular with regard to gas exchange.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a charging device of the type described in the introduction in that the charging element comprises a thrust part for moving the combustible material and at least one guide part, the shape of which is circular-cylindrical and which is guided in a guide arrangement, and in that the guide part extends through at least one sealing arrangement adapted to it of the charging device. This embodiment ensures that at least that part of the charging element which interacts with a seal has a circular-cylindrical structure so that a circular seal can be used which is not only simpler and cheaper but also considerably more effective than seals for plane surfaces.
In one aspect of the invention, there is provided charging appliance for combustion and gasification installations, in which the fuel can be brought from a feed hopper over a feed table into the installation by means of at least one charging element, said charging element comprising a thrust part, which is subjected to the atmosphere of the combustion and gasification installation, - 2a -for moving the fuel and a guide part which has a circular cylindrical shape and is guided in a guide arrangement, and wherein the guide part penetrates through a seal arrangement, characterized in that the charging element is configured overall as a circular cylindrical piston with equal diameters for the guide part and the thrust part, and in that the seal arrangement also interacts with the thrust part.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the charging element is as a whole designed as a circular-cylindrical piston. In such an embodiment, the sealing arrangement is intended both for gastight sealing and also to prevent the penetration of combustible material into the space located behind the thrust part. Not only does such an embodiment have the advantages relating to a circular seal, but, on account of the circular-cylindrical shape of the entire charging element, it is also possible to provide a number of such seals one behind another. Moreover, the production of such a charging element is relatively simple because circular-cylindrical shapes are easier to produce than rectangular or square thrust pistons.
The thrust part of the charging element does not have to have the same shape or the same cross section as the guide part which, according to the invention, must have a circular-cylindrical cross section so as to achieve the advantages striven for.
An advantageous development of the invention proposes that the thrust part has a diameter which differs from the diameter of the guide part. In principle, however, it may also be advantageous for the thrust part to have a cross section which differs from the circular-cylindrical cross section. If the thrust part has a smaller diameter than the guide part or a cross section which differs from the circular-cylindrical cross section, for example a rectangular cross section, separate measures must then be taken, for example in the form of scrapers, in order to prevent the combustible material being displaced behind the thrust part. If, on the other hand, the circular-cylindrical cross section of the thrust part is smaller than that of the guide part, the thrust part can then also extend through a first of a number of sealing arrangements for the guide part, so that a smaller space requirement can be achieved outside the feed device in the direction of movement of the charging element.
It can also prove advantageous if , in a development of the invention, the thrust part has a surface structure which differs from that of the guide part. Such a different surface structure can be achieved by machining or by means of a different material. To achieve particularly good sealing, it may be necessary to provide the guide part with a higher surface quality which is not necessary for the heavy duty of the thrust part which comes into contact with the combustible material to be fed.
An advantageous development of the invention consists in that the guide arrangement for the guide part comprises two sets of in each case three guide rollers, which sets are arranged at a distance from one another, at least one of these three guide rollers being adjustable radially in relation to the guide part.
An alternative advantageous embodiment of the charging device consists in that the guide arrangement for the guide part comprises at least one pair of rollers lying opposite one another, which are mounted rotatably on the guide part and are guided in profiled rails . These profiled rails are provided outside the sealing arrangement and receive at least one pair, preferably two pairs, of guide rollers lying opposite one another, the axes of rotation of which are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the thrust piston and which preferably run in U-shaped guide rails.
These guide arrangements are constructionally simple and practically insusceptible to faults because even soiling affects the guide arrangement only slightly.
An especially advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the charging element is designed as a hollow piston and is guided with its piston skirt in a guide cylinder serving as the guide arrangement, which is fastened, by its front end in the conveying direction of the hollow piston, to that delimiting wall of the charging device facing away from the combustion or gasification chamber, and is arranged outside said wall. Such a charging element is simple to produce because drawn tubes can form the starting point for the production of the charging element, which greatly simplifies the production of such a charging element.
In such a charging element, it is advantageous if the guide arrangement comprises two plain bearing bushes arranged at a distance from one another in the guide cylinder.
The embodiment of the charging element as a hollow piston is also a prerequisite for another advantageous embodiment of the invention which consists in that a driver tube is inserted inside the hollow charging element and is, at the piston foot, connected detachably to the charging element, on the front end, projecting into the charging element, of which tube a drive device for the reciprocating movement of the charging element engages. The particular advantage is that the point of engagement of the drive device can be located a long way into the hollow piston so that the space requirement at the rear end of the charging element for the arrangement of the drive device is reduced. The detachable connection of the driver tube to the charging element also has the advantage that the connection between the drive device and the driver tube can be made before the latter is introduced into the charging element. This has a favourable influence on the mounting of such a charging element. The advantageous embodiment is particularly favourable when, according to another embodiment of the invention, in a case where use is made of a piston/cylinder drive unit, this is, in the retracted end position, held virtually completely in the driver tube. As a result, the space requirement behind the charging element is at its smallest because the connection point between the drive device and the charging element can be located very close to the front end of the latter, which without such a driver tube would lead to great mounting problems.
When, in a further embodiment of the invention, the thrust part of the charging element is held in an upwardly open guide recess of the feed table, this ensures relief of the guide arrangement in the case of long movement paths and, over and above this, a defined conveying region also. It is advisable for the conveying capacity of the charging element to be adjustable as a function of a parameter depending on the course of gasification or incineration. In this way, the course and the nature of the gasification or incineration can be influenced via adjustment of the quantity of the combustible material to be introduced.
The invention is described in greater detail below with reference to various exemplary embodiments.
In the drawing, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a diagrammatically illustrated incineration plant;
Figure 2 shows a partly sectioned side view of a charging device with an extended charging element;
Figure 3 shows a partial view of the illustration according to Figure 2 in the retracted position of the charging element;
Figure 4 shows a modified exemplary embodiment;
Figure 5 shows a section along the line V-V in Figure 4;
Figure 6 shows another modified exemplary embodiment;
Figure 7 shows a section along the line Va-Va in Figure 6;
7 _ Figure 8 shows a partial illustration of a front view of a charging device according to Figure 2;
Figure 9 shows an embodiment which has been changed in relation to Figure 8; and Figure 10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a charging device.
The incineration plant illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a combustion grate 1, a charging device 2 and a combustion chamber 3 with adjoining gas flue 4, to which other gas flues and units downstream of the incineration plant, in particular steam-generating and waste-gas cleaning units, are connected, which are here not illustrated or described in greater detail.
The combustion grate 1 comprises individual grate steps 5, each second one of which is connected to a drive which is designated as a whole by 6 and makes it possible to adjust the stoking rate. Provided below the combustion grate are underblast chambers 7.1 to 7.5 which are subdivided in both the longitudinal and transverse direction and have primary air admitted to them separately via individual lines 8.1 to 8.5. At the end of the combustion grate, the burnt-out ash is discharged by means of an ash-discharging device, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated an ash roller 9, into an ash chute 10, from where the ash falls into an ash-remover (not shown).
The charging device 2 comprises a feed hopper 11, a feed chute 12, a feed table 13 and at least one charging element 14 which pushes the refuse sliding down in the feed chute 12 over a charging edge 13' of the feed table 13 into the combustion chamber 3 and onto the combustion grate 1.
g _ Fundamentally, a charging element 14 consists of a thrust part 15 and a guide part 16. These can have different shapes, as emerges from the various exemplary embodiments.
In the exemplary embodiments illustrated in Figures 2 to 8, the charging element 14 as a whole consists of a one-piece hollow piston, the front, thrust part of which, which comes into contact with the combustible material 17 to be conveyed, is designated by 15 and the remaining guide part of which is designated by 16, and which, even when it is in the furthest forward position according to Figure 2, always remains in a guide cylinder 18, in which the guide part 16 is guided by means of plain bearings 19 and 20. 21 and 22 indicate seals for achieving gastight sealing of the charging element. If the thrust part 15 differs from the guide part 16 with regard to its surface quality or surface nature, the front seal 21 can serve primarily as a scraper, through which the thrust part 15 extends, while the rear seal 22, interacting with the guide part 16 which has a smoother surface, constitutes better sealing against gases which could either escape from the combustion chamber or could be sucked into the combustion chamber in the form of ambient air or secondary air.
Provided inside the charging element 14 is a driver tube 23 which is fastened detachably to the rear end 24 of the charging element 14 and consequently to its piston foot facing away from the combustion chamber.
Provided at the front end of the driver tube 23 is an articulation part 25 for fastening the piston rod 26 of a drive unit 27 which, in the retracted state of the charging element 14, as emerges from Figure 3, is held virtually completely in the driver tube 23. In the pushed-forward end position according to Figure 2, the cylinder arrangement of the drive unit 27 lies virtually completely outside the driver tube 23. It can _ g _ be seen from this that this driver tube makes it possible to reduce the necessary space requirement to the rear for the arrangement of the rear articulation part 28 and, over and above this, the driver tube allows the mounting of the front articulation part 25, which in the case of direct fastening of this articulation part to the thrust part, in a position lying so far forward, would lead to considerable mounting problems.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a modified embodiment of the guide and sealing arrangement for the charging element 14. In this embodiment, three guide rollers 29 aligned in the radial direction are provided, at least one of which, in Figure 5 the top one, can be adjusted in the direction of the double arrow 30. Provided on the rear wall 31 of the feed chute 12, for sealing the charging element 14, is a sealing arrangement 32 which surrounds the guide part sealingly and is fastened to the wall.
Figures 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the guide arrangement of the charging element 14, in which laterally arranged axial rollers 33 are in each case guided in a rail 34. In this case, the sealing 32 corresponds to that in Figure 4.
When the charging element as a whole is designed as a piston of circular-cylindrical shape, it is necessary to provide a number of such charging elements 14 next to one another, as emerges from Figures 8 and 9. In this case, the charging elements are held in guide recesses 35.
Figure 10 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the charging element consists of a thrust part 36 of rectangular cross section and two guide parts 37 of circular-cylindrical cross section which are held in plain bearings 38. Sealing arrangements are indicated by 39. The guide parts 37 can be designed as piston rods of hydraulic piston/cylinder arrangements (not shown in full) in order to move the thrust part 36 of known construction type. In order that no combustible material can penetrate behind the thrust part 36, a scraper 40 is provided.
The charging elements can - as illustrated - be arranged in a horizontal position, or it is also possible to arrange these obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards at a certain angle.
The common underlying idea of all the embodiments is to design the charging element in such a manner that it comprises a thrust part and a guide part, the guide part serving to guide the thrust part and seal the charging element, so that gases produced in the incineration or gasification plant cannot escape to the outside and secondary air cannot be sucked into the incineration plant, which can have an unfavourable influence on the course of combustion and in particular an unfavourable influence on a gasification process.
CHARGING DEVICE
The invention relates to a charging device for incineration and gasification plants, in which the combustible material can be introduced into the plant from a feed hopper via a feed table by means of at least one charging element.
Known charging arrangements have the function of introducing the combustible material in a metered manner into an incineration or gasification plant. For this purpose, use has previously been made of a box-shaped charging piston or a number of such charging pistons which, supported on a plane feed table, is or are moved to and fro so as to convey the combustible material onto a combustion grate or into an incinerator. However, these charging devices have the disadvantage that the piston has very large rectilinear sealing surfaces which are intended to prevent combustible material being unintentionally drawn into the region behind the charging pistons. Straight sealing faces are, however, particularly difficult to produce, above all when such a charging piston is additionally subjected to thermal loads. At the front reversing point of the piston, that is to say when the piston is located in the end position close to the combustion chamber or the gasification chamber, considerable thermal radiation occurs on the front part of the charging piston. In the case of large charging pistons, this heating leads to non-uniform heating action and thus to distortions which can lead to serious lacks of sealing. If, as a result of such distortions, combustible material penetrates behind the charging piston, the latter may even become mechanically blocked.
Particular difficulties always arise when the charging device is also to be sealed against gases entering or escaping. This is necessary in particular in gasification plants in which the fuel is not reacted completely but in which a gas mixture is produced which is still combustible and perhaps even toxic.
The object of the invention is to provide a charging device which, by virtue of the constructional design of the charging element, makes possible simple and reliable sealing, in particular with regard to gas exchange.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a charging device of the type described in the introduction in that the charging element comprises a thrust part for moving the combustible material and at least one guide part, the shape of which is circular-cylindrical and which is guided in a guide arrangement, and in that the guide part extends through at least one sealing arrangement adapted to it of the charging device. This embodiment ensures that at least that part of the charging element which interacts with a seal has a circular-cylindrical structure so that a circular seal can be used which is not only simpler and cheaper but also considerably more effective than seals for plane surfaces.
In one aspect of the invention, there is provided charging appliance for combustion and gasification installations, in which the fuel can be brought from a feed hopper over a feed table into the installation by means of at least one charging element, said charging element comprising a thrust part, which is subjected to the atmosphere of the combustion and gasification installation, - 2a -for moving the fuel and a guide part which has a circular cylindrical shape and is guided in a guide arrangement, and wherein the guide part penetrates through a seal arrangement, characterized in that the charging element is configured overall as a circular cylindrical piston with equal diameters for the guide part and the thrust part, and in that the seal arrangement also interacts with the thrust part.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the charging element is as a whole designed as a circular-cylindrical piston. In such an embodiment, the sealing arrangement is intended both for gastight sealing and also to prevent the penetration of combustible material into the space located behind the thrust part. Not only does such an embodiment have the advantages relating to a circular seal, but, on account of the circular-cylindrical shape of the entire charging element, it is also possible to provide a number of such seals one behind another. Moreover, the production of such a charging element is relatively simple because circular-cylindrical shapes are easier to produce than rectangular or square thrust pistons.
The thrust part of the charging element does not have to have the same shape or the same cross section as the guide part which, according to the invention, must have a circular-cylindrical cross section so as to achieve the advantages striven for.
An advantageous development of the invention proposes that the thrust part has a diameter which differs from the diameter of the guide part. In principle, however, it may also be advantageous for the thrust part to have a cross section which differs from the circular-cylindrical cross section. If the thrust part has a smaller diameter than the guide part or a cross section which differs from the circular-cylindrical cross section, for example a rectangular cross section, separate measures must then be taken, for example in the form of scrapers, in order to prevent the combustible material being displaced behind the thrust part. If, on the other hand, the circular-cylindrical cross section of the thrust part is smaller than that of the guide part, the thrust part can then also extend through a first of a number of sealing arrangements for the guide part, so that a smaller space requirement can be achieved outside the feed device in the direction of movement of the charging element.
It can also prove advantageous if , in a development of the invention, the thrust part has a surface structure which differs from that of the guide part. Such a different surface structure can be achieved by machining or by means of a different material. To achieve particularly good sealing, it may be necessary to provide the guide part with a higher surface quality which is not necessary for the heavy duty of the thrust part which comes into contact with the combustible material to be fed.
An advantageous development of the invention consists in that the guide arrangement for the guide part comprises two sets of in each case three guide rollers, which sets are arranged at a distance from one another, at least one of these three guide rollers being adjustable radially in relation to the guide part.
An alternative advantageous embodiment of the charging device consists in that the guide arrangement for the guide part comprises at least one pair of rollers lying opposite one another, which are mounted rotatably on the guide part and are guided in profiled rails . These profiled rails are provided outside the sealing arrangement and receive at least one pair, preferably two pairs, of guide rollers lying opposite one another, the axes of rotation of which are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the thrust piston and which preferably run in U-shaped guide rails.
These guide arrangements are constructionally simple and practically insusceptible to faults because even soiling affects the guide arrangement only slightly.
An especially advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the charging element is designed as a hollow piston and is guided with its piston skirt in a guide cylinder serving as the guide arrangement, which is fastened, by its front end in the conveying direction of the hollow piston, to that delimiting wall of the charging device facing away from the combustion or gasification chamber, and is arranged outside said wall. Such a charging element is simple to produce because drawn tubes can form the starting point for the production of the charging element, which greatly simplifies the production of such a charging element.
In such a charging element, it is advantageous if the guide arrangement comprises two plain bearing bushes arranged at a distance from one another in the guide cylinder.
The embodiment of the charging element as a hollow piston is also a prerequisite for another advantageous embodiment of the invention which consists in that a driver tube is inserted inside the hollow charging element and is, at the piston foot, connected detachably to the charging element, on the front end, projecting into the charging element, of which tube a drive device for the reciprocating movement of the charging element engages. The particular advantage is that the point of engagement of the drive device can be located a long way into the hollow piston so that the space requirement at the rear end of the charging element for the arrangement of the drive device is reduced. The detachable connection of the driver tube to the charging element also has the advantage that the connection between the drive device and the driver tube can be made before the latter is introduced into the charging element. This has a favourable influence on the mounting of such a charging element. The advantageous embodiment is particularly favourable when, according to another embodiment of the invention, in a case where use is made of a piston/cylinder drive unit, this is, in the retracted end position, held virtually completely in the driver tube. As a result, the space requirement behind the charging element is at its smallest because the connection point between the drive device and the charging element can be located very close to the front end of the latter, which without such a driver tube would lead to great mounting problems.
When, in a further embodiment of the invention, the thrust part of the charging element is held in an upwardly open guide recess of the feed table, this ensures relief of the guide arrangement in the case of long movement paths and, over and above this, a defined conveying region also. It is advisable for the conveying capacity of the charging element to be adjustable as a function of a parameter depending on the course of gasification or incineration. In this way, the course and the nature of the gasification or incineration can be influenced via adjustment of the quantity of the combustible material to be introduced.
The invention is described in greater detail below with reference to various exemplary embodiments.
In the drawing, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a diagrammatically illustrated incineration plant;
Figure 2 shows a partly sectioned side view of a charging device with an extended charging element;
Figure 3 shows a partial view of the illustration according to Figure 2 in the retracted position of the charging element;
Figure 4 shows a modified exemplary embodiment;
Figure 5 shows a section along the line V-V in Figure 4;
Figure 6 shows another modified exemplary embodiment;
Figure 7 shows a section along the line Va-Va in Figure 6;
7 _ Figure 8 shows a partial illustration of a front view of a charging device according to Figure 2;
Figure 9 shows an embodiment which has been changed in relation to Figure 8; and Figure 10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a charging device.
The incineration plant illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a combustion grate 1, a charging device 2 and a combustion chamber 3 with adjoining gas flue 4, to which other gas flues and units downstream of the incineration plant, in particular steam-generating and waste-gas cleaning units, are connected, which are here not illustrated or described in greater detail.
The combustion grate 1 comprises individual grate steps 5, each second one of which is connected to a drive which is designated as a whole by 6 and makes it possible to adjust the stoking rate. Provided below the combustion grate are underblast chambers 7.1 to 7.5 which are subdivided in both the longitudinal and transverse direction and have primary air admitted to them separately via individual lines 8.1 to 8.5. At the end of the combustion grate, the burnt-out ash is discharged by means of an ash-discharging device, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated an ash roller 9, into an ash chute 10, from where the ash falls into an ash-remover (not shown).
The charging device 2 comprises a feed hopper 11, a feed chute 12, a feed table 13 and at least one charging element 14 which pushes the refuse sliding down in the feed chute 12 over a charging edge 13' of the feed table 13 into the combustion chamber 3 and onto the combustion grate 1.
g _ Fundamentally, a charging element 14 consists of a thrust part 15 and a guide part 16. These can have different shapes, as emerges from the various exemplary embodiments.
In the exemplary embodiments illustrated in Figures 2 to 8, the charging element 14 as a whole consists of a one-piece hollow piston, the front, thrust part of which, which comes into contact with the combustible material 17 to be conveyed, is designated by 15 and the remaining guide part of which is designated by 16, and which, even when it is in the furthest forward position according to Figure 2, always remains in a guide cylinder 18, in which the guide part 16 is guided by means of plain bearings 19 and 20. 21 and 22 indicate seals for achieving gastight sealing of the charging element. If the thrust part 15 differs from the guide part 16 with regard to its surface quality or surface nature, the front seal 21 can serve primarily as a scraper, through which the thrust part 15 extends, while the rear seal 22, interacting with the guide part 16 which has a smoother surface, constitutes better sealing against gases which could either escape from the combustion chamber or could be sucked into the combustion chamber in the form of ambient air or secondary air.
Provided inside the charging element 14 is a driver tube 23 which is fastened detachably to the rear end 24 of the charging element 14 and consequently to its piston foot facing away from the combustion chamber.
Provided at the front end of the driver tube 23 is an articulation part 25 for fastening the piston rod 26 of a drive unit 27 which, in the retracted state of the charging element 14, as emerges from Figure 3, is held virtually completely in the driver tube 23. In the pushed-forward end position according to Figure 2, the cylinder arrangement of the drive unit 27 lies virtually completely outside the driver tube 23. It can _ g _ be seen from this that this driver tube makes it possible to reduce the necessary space requirement to the rear for the arrangement of the rear articulation part 28 and, over and above this, the driver tube allows the mounting of the front articulation part 25, which in the case of direct fastening of this articulation part to the thrust part, in a position lying so far forward, would lead to considerable mounting problems.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a modified embodiment of the guide and sealing arrangement for the charging element 14. In this embodiment, three guide rollers 29 aligned in the radial direction are provided, at least one of which, in Figure 5 the top one, can be adjusted in the direction of the double arrow 30. Provided on the rear wall 31 of the feed chute 12, for sealing the charging element 14, is a sealing arrangement 32 which surrounds the guide part sealingly and is fastened to the wall.
Figures 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the guide arrangement of the charging element 14, in which laterally arranged axial rollers 33 are in each case guided in a rail 34. In this case, the sealing 32 corresponds to that in Figure 4.
When the charging element as a whole is designed as a piston of circular-cylindrical shape, it is necessary to provide a number of such charging elements 14 next to one another, as emerges from Figures 8 and 9. In this case, the charging elements are held in guide recesses 35.
Figure 10 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the charging element consists of a thrust part 36 of rectangular cross section and two guide parts 37 of circular-cylindrical cross section which are held in plain bearings 38. Sealing arrangements are indicated by 39. The guide parts 37 can be designed as piston rods of hydraulic piston/cylinder arrangements (not shown in full) in order to move the thrust part 36 of known construction type. In order that no combustible material can penetrate behind the thrust part 36, a scraper 40 is provided.
The charging elements can - as illustrated - be arranged in a horizontal position, or it is also possible to arrange these obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards at a certain angle.
The common underlying idea of all the embodiments is to design the charging element in such a manner that it comprises a thrust part and a guide part, the guide part serving to guide the thrust part and seal the charging element, so that gases produced in the incineration or gasification plant cannot escape to the outside and secondary air cannot be sucked into the incineration plant, which can have an unfavourable influence on the course of combustion and in particular an unfavourable influence on a gasification process.
Claims (13)
1. Charging appliance for combustion and gasification installations, in which the fuel can be brought from a feed hopper over a feed table into the installation by means of at least one charging element, said charging element comprising a thrust part, which is subjected to the atmosphere of the combustion and gasification installation, for moving the fuel and a guide part which has a circular cylindrical shape and is guided in a guide arrangement, and wherein the guide part penetrates through a seal arrangement, characterized in that the charging element is configured overall as a circular cylindrical piston with equal diameters for the guide part and the thrust part, and in that the seal arrangement also interacts with the thrust part.
2. Charging appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the thrust part has a surface structure which is resistant to the atmosphere of the combustion and gasification installation and differs from that of the guide part which has a higher surface quality.
3. Charging appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide arrangement for the guide part comprises two sets, each of three guide rollers, which sets are arranged at a distance from one another, at least one of these three guide rollers being radially adjustable relative to the guide part.
4. Charging appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide arrangement for the guide part comprises at least one pair of oppositely located rollers, which are rotatably supported on the charging element and guided in profile rails.
-11a-
-11a-
5. Charging appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston skirt of the piston is guided in a guide cylinder which acts as a guide arrangement, which guide cylinder is fastened by its front end front in the conveying direction of the charging element to the boundary wall, facing away from the combustion space or gasification space, of the charging appliance and is arranged outside the same.
6. Charging appliance according to Claim 5, characterized in that the guide arrangement comprises two sliding support bushes arranged in the guide cylinder at a distance from one another.
7. Charging appliance according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that two seals, which are arranged at a distance from one another, are provided in the guide cylinder.
8. Charging appliance according to Claim 7, characterized in that the front seal is configured as a stripper.
9. Charging appliance according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the charging element is configured as a hollow piston.
10. Charging appliance according to Claim 9, characterized. in that a driving tube is inserted within the hollow charging element and is releasably connected to the charging element at the end of the piston, a drive appliance for the reciprocating motion of the charging element engaging at the front end, which protrudes into the charging element, of the driving tube.
11. Charging appliance according to Claim 10, characterized in that, when a piston/cylinder drive unit is employed, the latter is almost completely accommodated in the driving tube in the retracted end position.
12. Charging appliance according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the thrust part of the charging element is accommodated in a guide trough which is open towards the top of the feed table.
13. Charging appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal arrangement has at least one seal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19834294.2 | 1998-07-29 | ||
| DE19834294A DE19834294A1 (en) | 1998-07-29 | 1998-07-29 | Loading device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2279082A1 CA2279082A1 (en) | 2000-01-29 |
| CA2279082C true CA2279082C (en) | 2004-07-20 |
Family
ID=7875797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002279082A Expired - Lifetime CA2279082C (en) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-07-28 | Charging device |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0976981B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3450232B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE226707T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9902901A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2279082C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ292384B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19834294A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0976981T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2182434T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO316672B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL191303B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT976981E (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2174651C2 (en) |
| SG (1) | SG79271A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW430729B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102748771A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-24 | 郭丰亮 | Material hopper |
| CN103090110B (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2015-04-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Trample-deformation-resistant adjusting device for shallow-buried gas pipe |
| CN104848231B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-03-01 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Incinerator feed inlet device |
| CN105020733A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-04 | 芜湖鸣人热能设备有限公司 | Thermal Equipment feeding device |
| CN108301879B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-25 | 江山华隆能源开发有限公司 | A kind of bio-fuel power generator |
| CN109207201A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | The sleeved air seal set and sealing gland method of positive pressure biomass gasifying furnace feeding system |
| CN109323243B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-09-25 | 乾安县聚太生物发电有限公司 | Biomass particle combustor and biomass particle combustion method |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE473529C (en) * | 1926-09-04 | 1929-03-16 | Erich Roucka | Device for moistening the fuel in charging hoppers of furnaces with mechanically moved grate |
| DE542240C (en) * | 1929-12-01 | 1932-01-22 | Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel W | Multiple retort underfeed firing |
| US2208622A (en) * | 1937-10-25 | 1940-07-23 | Riley Stoker Corp | Automatic stoker |
| DE6606594U (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1970-10-22 | Mengelbier & Cie Kg Malzfabrik | FULLY AUTOMATIC SHUTTER FIRING FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE DARRING, IN PARTICULAR FOR MALT PRODUCTION |
| US3559823A (en) * | 1969-03-14 | 1971-02-02 | Albert Ostrin | Ram feed for incinerators |
| AT300168B (en) * | 1970-01-21 | 1972-07-10 | Oesterr Alpine Montan | Loading device for waste incineration plants |
| US3863779A (en) * | 1973-09-24 | 1975-02-04 | Air Preheater | Ram type refuse loader |
| DE2903199A1 (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1980-07-31 | Froeling Siegofa Abfalltech | Thermal disposal of waste material - using incinerator with gas tight seals on inlet and outlet and with pushers to move material across hearth and grate |
| DE3320475A1 (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1984-12-13 | Willibald 2800 Bremen Jürgens | Device for pressing comminuted waste substances |
| GB2144205A (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1985-02-27 | Gordon Michael Priest | Incinerator with loading ram |
| CA1269891A (en) * | 1985-03-11 | 1990-06-05 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Solid fuel transfer and seal system |
| US5394806A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-03-07 | Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Inc. | Ram feeder carriage system |
| DE29521136U1 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1996-08-22 | Grundig E.M.V. Elektro-Mechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig GmbH & Co. KG, 90762 Fürth | Device for the introduction of solid fuels in combustion plants |
-
1998
- 1998-07-29 DE DE19834294A patent/DE19834294A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-06-30 TW TW088111061A patent/TW430729B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-01 AT AT99112577T patent/ATE226707T1/en active
- 1999-07-01 ES ES99112577T patent/ES2182434T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 DE DE59903150T patent/DE59903150D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 EP EP99112577A patent/EP0976981B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 DK DK99112577T patent/DK0976981T3/en active
- 1999-07-01 PT PT99112577T patent/PT976981E/en unknown
- 1999-07-20 SG SG9903485A patent/SG79271A1/en unknown
- 1999-07-22 CZ CZ19992600A patent/CZ292384B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-26 JP JP21102099A patent/JP3450232B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-27 BR BR9902901-4A patent/BR9902901A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-28 CA CA002279082A patent/CA2279082C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-28 RU RU99116325/06A patent/RU2174651C2/en active
- 1999-07-28 PL PL334651A patent/PL191303B1/en unknown
- 1999-07-28 NO NO19993677A patent/NO316672B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ292384B6 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
| EP0976981A1 (en) | 2000-02-02 |
| PT976981E (en) | 2003-03-31 |
| NO316672B1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
| DE19834294A1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
| PL334651A1 (en) | 2000-01-31 |
| TW430729B (en) | 2001-04-21 |
| SG79271A1 (en) | 2001-03-20 |
| ATE226707T1 (en) | 2002-11-15 |
| BR9902901A (en) | 2000-03-28 |
| JP3450232B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 |
| ES2182434T3 (en) | 2003-03-01 |
| CZ260099A3 (en) | 2000-02-16 |
| CA2279082A1 (en) | 2000-01-29 |
| EP0976981B1 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
| PL191303B1 (en) | 2006-04-28 |
| RU2174651C2 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
| JP2000055343A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
| NO993677L (en) | 2000-01-31 |
| DK0976981T3 (en) | 2003-02-17 |
| NO993677D0 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| DE59903150D1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20190729 |