CA2199163A1 - Machine for polishing and/or grinding - Google Patents
Machine for polishing and/or grindingInfo
- Publication number
- CA2199163A1 CA2199163A1 CA002199163A CA2199163A CA2199163A1 CA 2199163 A1 CA2199163 A1 CA 2199163A1 CA 002199163 A CA002199163 A CA 002199163A CA 2199163 A CA2199163 A CA 2199163A CA 2199163 A1 CA2199163 A1 CA 2199163A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- machine
- valve
- supercritical
- liquid
- machining tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
- B24B23/02—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
- B24B23/026—Fluid driven
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
The prior art discloses machines which, for cooling the surface to be machined, have a gas supply line which opens into a gas outlet which is in the direct vicinity of the polishing disk. When CO2 is used as cooling gas, stoppages, which can be traced back to snow formation of the CO2, may occur in the line and in the gas outlet. In order to avoid blockages, the machine is assigned means for the supply of the liquid or supercritical CO2 which comprise a valve for regulating the throughflow quantity of the CO2 with an expansion nozzle, the valve being arranged inside the machine.
Description
' CA 02199163 1997-03-04 Machine for polishing and/or grin~;ng The invention relates to a machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
DE-C 39 10 590 discloses a machine from the applicant which comprises a polishing disk and a cold gas supply for cooling the surface to be polished or to be ground, the cold gas supply preferably opening into a gas outlet which is arranged in the axis of rotation of the polish-ing dis~. The appliance is preferably operated using N2 as cold gas, which is stored in liguid form, evaporated and fed to the gas outlet via the cold gas supply. In order to ensure an optimum operating temperature of the cold gas, which temperature essentially depends on the material properties of the surface to be treated, the nitrogen has to be temperature-controlled in a compli-cated manner. It is also known to operate such a machine using C02 as cold gas, which in the case of the evapor-ation of liquid C02 has a temperature of -78~C. This temperature is advantageous for the operation of such machines, since it generally satisfies the requirements for the cold needed. ~owever, the machine employed according to the prior art is preferably operated with N2, since this gas can be fed in lines without problems.
For this purpose, it is accepted that the evaporated nitrogen is brought to the desired temperature by means of the supply of energy. Although C02 comes substantially closer to the actual requirements of the operating temperature, and the production of the raw material liquid C02 consumes substantially less energy, N2 has been preferred until now, since C02 has the property of .orming C02 snow during it3 phase tran~ition from liquid to gas, said snow blocking the lines and the gas outlet.
The operation of the machine is considerably hampered thereby and the operating duration is restricted.
The in~ention is therefore based on the object of provid-inq a machine for polishing and grinding with which ' CA 02199163 1997-03-04 ,., ~,_ 21ggl63 treatment of surfaces with CO2 as cold gas is possible in a fault free manner.
Proceeding from the preamble of claim 1, the object is achieved, according to the invention, with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Using the machine, it is now possible to polish and/or to grind highly sensitive materials such as paint surfaces or plastics, using CO2 cooling, without blockages of the gas supply or of the gas outlet with CO2 snow leading to disturbances in the wor~ci~.g process or to a premature termination of the treatment.
Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
The drawings show the machine according to the invention in schematic form:
Figure 1 shows a machine suitable for carrying out the method, Figure 2 shows an extract from the machine in Figure 1 in which the gas supply and the gas outlet are shown, Figure 3 shows a cross section through the gas outlet.
In the machine 1 shown in Figure l, a polishing disk 2 as ma~hining tool is set rotating by means of a gearbox 3 which is driven by a compressed air motor 4. Into the axis of rotation there leads a gas supply 5, which opens into a valve which essentially comprises an adjusting device 11, a pipe 6, valve spindle 12 arranged inside the pipe 6 a~d an ~ n~ion nozzle 7.
The gas supply 5 and the valve are shown more closely in Figure 2. The gas supply 5 opens into the pipe 6, whose upper end is closed via a compression washer 9 and a ; CA 02199163 1997-03-04 219~163 stuffing box 10 with the aid of the adjusting device 11, which i8 designed as a union nut, using which the valve spindle 12 can be moved axially inside the pipe 6 by means of the thread 8. The expansion nozzle 7 has an opening 13 tapering conically at the outlet, an orifice plate 14 and a compression screw 15.
Shown in Figure 3 are the opening 13, tapering conically at the outlet, the orifice plate 14, the compression screw 15, the pipe 6 and the gas supply 5.
During operation, the liquid or supercritical C02 flows via the gas supply 5 into the machine 1 from a rising-tube flask, a high pressure, medium pressure, low pres-sure tank or a pipeline. In the process, it passes through the valve, which regulates the throughflow quantity of liquid or supercritical CO2. The liquid or supercritical C02 passes into the pipe 6 and emerges via the expansion nozzle 7. As a result of the abrupt expan-sion, the liquid or supercritical C02 evaporates and changes into the gas phase. At this point it has a temperature of -78~C, which is very well suited for the cooling of sensitive surfaces. In this arrangement it is characteristic that no impermissible pressure losses occur in the gas supply 5 and the pipe 6. As a result, the disturbing formation of C02 snow in these lines cannot occur, said snow formation blocking the supply of C02 and causing a blockage of the gas paths. The expan-sion takes place only in the area of the nozzle.
The expansion nozzle 7 is arranged directly in the vicinity of the working area of the machining tool. It is preferably in the axis of rotation of the polishing disk 2. ~owever, arrangements are also conceivable in which the eYran~ion nozzle 7 is fitted in the area of the polishing disk 2 in such a way that it carries out a rotational movement w~th the polishing disk 2. It is of course also possible for a plurality of expansion nozzles 7 to be fitted. Control cones or exchangeable openings ~ CA 02199163 1997-03-04 tapering conically at the outlet are considered for the opening of the expansion nozzle 7. Perforated diaphragms can also be used. In the case where a control cone is used, the ga~ throughput can be adapted to the polishing or gri n~; ng task to be accomplished at that time.
According to the invention, what is important in any case is that the diameter of the valve spindle 12 and the clear width of the pipe 6 are ~imen~ioned such that the liquid or supercritical C02 does not expand in the interior of the pipe 6. The ~?nsions of the valve spindle 12 and of the pipe 6 are preferably selected such that the ~nnular gap between the inner surface of the pipe 6 and the outer surface of the ~alve spindle 12 is about 0.2 to 2 mm. In this case, a pressure drop can occur only at the emergence of the still liquid or supercritical C02 from the pipe 6, and the flow paths of the liquid or supercritical C02 are thus reliably kept free.
By means of the use of C02, it is also possible in the configuration of the gas supply 5 to do without highly-insulated materials, such as are used when liquid nitro-gen is employed. For liquid or supercritical C02, flex-ible plastic lines can be used, which enable easier handling and greater mobility of the machine 1. Compli-cated thermal insulation is not necessary.
For the ma~h;n;n~ of surfaces which place special requi-rements on the mach;n;ng temperature, it is possible to equip the expansion nozzle 7 with a temperature sensor which measures the temperature currently present and controls a heating device, prefera~ly a small heating coil, which is arranged in the area of the expansion nozzle 7. By this means, temperature control of the enviro~ment of the expansion nozzle 7 can be carried out.
~owever, such an embodiment would represent a variant for special cases, since the advantage of the use, now improved, of C02 is precisely that it is possible, in ' CA 02199163 1997-03-04 terms of apparatus, to work u~ing CO2, which makes temperature regulation largely superfluous, since the freshly evaporated CO2 has a temperature which, according to experience, leads to particularly ideal operating conditions.
DE-C 39 10 590 discloses a machine from the applicant which comprises a polishing disk and a cold gas supply for cooling the surface to be polished or to be ground, the cold gas supply preferably opening into a gas outlet which is arranged in the axis of rotation of the polish-ing dis~. The appliance is preferably operated using N2 as cold gas, which is stored in liguid form, evaporated and fed to the gas outlet via the cold gas supply. In order to ensure an optimum operating temperature of the cold gas, which temperature essentially depends on the material properties of the surface to be treated, the nitrogen has to be temperature-controlled in a compli-cated manner. It is also known to operate such a machine using C02 as cold gas, which in the case of the evapor-ation of liquid C02 has a temperature of -78~C. This temperature is advantageous for the operation of such machines, since it generally satisfies the requirements for the cold needed. ~owever, the machine employed according to the prior art is preferably operated with N2, since this gas can be fed in lines without problems.
For this purpose, it is accepted that the evaporated nitrogen is brought to the desired temperature by means of the supply of energy. Although C02 comes substantially closer to the actual requirements of the operating temperature, and the production of the raw material liquid C02 consumes substantially less energy, N2 has been preferred until now, since C02 has the property of .orming C02 snow during it3 phase tran~ition from liquid to gas, said snow blocking the lines and the gas outlet.
The operation of the machine is considerably hampered thereby and the operating duration is restricted.
The in~ention is therefore based on the object of provid-inq a machine for polishing and grinding with which ' CA 02199163 1997-03-04 ,., ~,_ 21ggl63 treatment of surfaces with CO2 as cold gas is possible in a fault free manner.
Proceeding from the preamble of claim 1, the object is achieved, according to the invention, with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Using the machine, it is now possible to polish and/or to grind highly sensitive materials such as paint surfaces or plastics, using CO2 cooling, without blockages of the gas supply or of the gas outlet with CO2 snow leading to disturbances in the wor~ci~.g process or to a premature termination of the treatment.
Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
The drawings show the machine according to the invention in schematic form:
Figure 1 shows a machine suitable for carrying out the method, Figure 2 shows an extract from the machine in Figure 1 in which the gas supply and the gas outlet are shown, Figure 3 shows a cross section through the gas outlet.
In the machine 1 shown in Figure l, a polishing disk 2 as ma~hining tool is set rotating by means of a gearbox 3 which is driven by a compressed air motor 4. Into the axis of rotation there leads a gas supply 5, which opens into a valve which essentially comprises an adjusting device 11, a pipe 6, valve spindle 12 arranged inside the pipe 6 a~d an ~ n~ion nozzle 7.
The gas supply 5 and the valve are shown more closely in Figure 2. The gas supply 5 opens into the pipe 6, whose upper end is closed via a compression washer 9 and a ; CA 02199163 1997-03-04 219~163 stuffing box 10 with the aid of the adjusting device 11, which i8 designed as a union nut, using which the valve spindle 12 can be moved axially inside the pipe 6 by means of the thread 8. The expansion nozzle 7 has an opening 13 tapering conically at the outlet, an orifice plate 14 and a compression screw 15.
Shown in Figure 3 are the opening 13, tapering conically at the outlet, the orifice plate 14, the compression screw 15, the pipe 6 and the gas supply 5.
During operation, the liquid or supercritical C02 flows via the gas supply 5 into the machine 1 from a rising-tube flask, a high pressure, medium pressure, low pres-sure tank or a pipeline. In the process, it passes through the valve, which regulates the throughflow quantity of liquid or supercritical CO2. The liquid or supercritical C02 passes into the pipe 6 and emerges via the expansion nozzle 7. As a result of the abrupt expan-sion, the liquid or supercritical C02 evaporates and changes into the gas phase. At this point it has a temperature of -78~C, which is very well suited for the cooling of sensitive surfaces. In this arrangement it is characteristic that no impermissible pressure losses occur in the gas supply 5 and the pipe 6. As a result, the disturbing formation of C02 snow in these lines cannot occur, said snow formation blocking the supply of C02 and causing a blockage of the gas paths. The expan-sion takes place only in the area of the nozzle.
The expansion nozzle 7 is arranged directly in the vicinity of the working area of the machining tool. It is preferably in the axis of rotation of the polishing disk 2. ~owever, arrangements are also conceivable in which the eYran~ion nozzle 7 is fitted in the area of the polishing disk 2 in such a way that it carries out a rotational movement w~th the polishing disk 2. It is of course also possible for a plurality of expansion nozzles 7 to be fitted. Control cones or exchangeable openings ~ CA 02199163 1997-03-04 tapering conically at the outlet are considered for the opening of the expansion nozzle 7. Perforated diaphragms can also be used. In the case where a control cone is used, the ga~ throughput can be adapted to the polishing or gri n~; ng task to be accomplished at that time.
According to the invention, what is important in any case is that the diameter of the valve spindle 12 and the clear width of the pipe 6 are ~imen~ioned such that the liquid or supercritical C02 does not expand in the interior of the pipe 6. The ~?nsions of the valve spindle 12 and of the pipe 6 are preferably selected such that the ~nnular gap between the inner surface of the pipe 6 and the outer surface of the ~alve spindle 12 is about 0.2 to 2 mm. In this case, a pressure drop can occur only at the emergence of the still liquid or supercritical C02 from the pipe 6, and the flow paths of the liquid or supercritical C02 are thus reliably kept free.
By means of the use of C02, it is also possible in the configuration of the gas supply 5 to do without highly-insulated materials, such as are used when liquid nitro-gen is employed. For liquid or supercritical C02, flex-ible plastic lines can be used, which enable easier handling and greater mobility of the machine 1. Compli-cated thermal insulation is not necessary.
For the ma~h;n;n~ of surfaces which place special requi-rements on the mach;n;ng temperature, it is possible to equip the expansion nozzle 7 with a temperature sensor which measures the temperature currently present and controls a heating device, prefera~ly a small heating coil, which is arranged in the area of the expansion nozzle 7. By this means, temperature control of the enviro~ment of the expansion nozzle 7 can be carried out.
~owever, such an embodiment would represent a variant for special cases, since the advantage of the use, now improved, of C02 is precisely that it is possible, in ' CA 02199163 1997-03-04 terms of apparatus, to work u~ing CO2, which makes temperature regulation largely superfluous, since the freshly evaporated CO2 has a temperature which, according to experience, leads to particularly ideal operating conditions.
Claims (12)
1. A machine for polishing and/or grinding with a machining tool executing a relative movement with respect to the workpiece, the machining tool having means for the supply of liquid or supercritical CO2, wherein the means for the supply of the liquid or supercritical CO2 comprising a valve for regulating the throughflow quantity of the CO2 with an expansion nozzle for the liquid or supercritical CO2, and the valve is arranged inside the machine.
2. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve has a pipe through which there runs a valve spindle whose diameter is dimensioned to be less than the clear width of the pipe, an orifice plate being provided to said valve spindle, the conically tapering expansion nozzle which is to be opened and may be closed by means of the valve spindle having an opening broadening at the outlet, and the diameter of the valve spindle and the clear width of the pipe are dimensioned such that the liquid or supercritical CO2 does not expand in the interior of the pipe.
3. The machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the expansion nozzle is arranged directly in the vicinity of the working face of the machining tool.
4. The machine having a rotating, driven machining tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the means for the supply of the liquid or supercritical CO2 are arranged coaxially inside a hollow spindle carrying the machining tool.
5. The machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein a heating device whose heat dissipation is controlled by a temperature sensor is arranged in the region of the expansion nozzle.
6. The machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the liquid or supercritical CO2 is supplied to the valve through a flexible plastic tube.
7. The machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the annular gap between the inner surface of the pipe and the outer surface of the valve spindle is 0.2 to 2 mm.
8. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expansion nozzle is arranged directly in the vicinity of the working face of the machining tool.
9. The machine having a rotating, driven machining tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means for the supply of the liquid or supercritical CO2 are arranged coaxially inside a hollow spindle carrying the machining tool.
10. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heating device whose heat dissipation is controlled by a temperature sensor is arranged in the region of the expansion nozzle.
11. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid or supercritical CO2 is supplied to the valve through a flexible plastic tube.
12. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annular gap between the inner surface of the pipe and the outer surface of the valve spindle is 0.2 to 2 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19608935 | 1996-03-07 | ||
| DE19608935.2 | 1996-03-07 | ||
| DE19704860.9 | 1997-02-10 | ||
| DE19704860A DE19704860C1 (en) | 1996-03-07 | 1997-02-10 | Machine for polishing and / or grinding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2199163A1 true CA2199163A1 (en) | 1997-09-07 |
Family
ID=26023586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002199163A Abandoned CA2199163A1 (en) | 1996-03-07 | 1997-03-04 | Machine for polishing and/or grinding |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5823863A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0794036B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE192684T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9701213A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2199163A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO309512B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19736291A1 (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-02-25 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Device for directing compressed air and liquid carbon dioxide to machine for cooling |
| DE102005034634B3 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-03-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and tool for cleaning cavities |
| JP5856496B2 (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2016-02-09 | ミネベア株式会社 | Cutting fluid supply device |
| CN111705368A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-25 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing polypropylene fiber aggregate based on instantaneous pressure-release spinning method and application |
| CN111691060B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-11-11 | 东华大学 | High polymer fiber based on instantaneous pressure-release spinning method, and preparation method and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1952910A (en) * | 1930-11-14 | 1934-03-27 | Black & Decker Mfg Co | Polisher with reservoir |
| US2635399A (en) * | 1951-04-19 | 1953-04-21 | Thompson Prod Inc | Method for grinding carbide tools |
| GB1550430A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1979-08-15 | Henderson Diamond Tool Co Ltd | Cooling of grinding wheel dressing operations and tools for use therewith |
| US4129966A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1978-12-19 | Ransburg Corporation | Grinder apparatus with pollution control fluid dispensing means |
| US4523411A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1985-06-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Wet surface treating device and element therefor |
| DE3607580A1 (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-10 | Gehring Gmbh Maschf | HONEY DEVICE |
| JPH02230213A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-12 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal display device |
| DE3910590C2 (en) | 1989-04-01 | 1997-10-16 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Hand polisher |
| ATE106300T1 (en) * | 1989-04-01 | 1994-06-15 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | POLISHING OR GRINDING EQUIPMENT. |
| DE4222766A1 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-01-13 | Walter Fuchs | Hand-held polishing machine for painted surfaces - has water based cutting fluid fed to rotating absorbing disc rotated over painted surface |
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 AT AT97102385T patent/ATE192684T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-02-14 EP EP97102385A patent/EP0794036B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-28 US US08/806,388 patent/US5823863A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-04 CA CA002199163A patent/CA2199163A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-06 BR BR9701213A patent/BR9701213A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-06 NO NO971028A patent/NO309512B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO309512B1 (en) | 2001-02-12 |
| ATE192684T1 (en) | 2000-05-15 |
| NO971028D0 (en) | 1997-03-06 |
| EP0794036A1 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
| BR9701213A (en) | 1998-11-10 |
| US5823863A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
| EP0794036B1 (en) | 2000-05-10 |
| MX9701640A (en) | 1997-09-30 |
| NO971028L (en) | 1997-09-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |