CA2147005A1 - High bulk, multi-component yarn - Google Patents
High bulk, multi-component yarnInfo
- Publication number
- CA2147005A1 CA2147005A1 CA 2147005 CA2147005A CA2147005A1 CA 2147005 A1 CA2147005 A1 CA 2147005A1 CA 2147005 CA2147005 CA 2147005 CA 2147005 A CA2147005 A CA 2147005A CA 2147005 A1 CA2147005 A1 CA 2147005A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- filament
- spun
- staple fibre
- rollers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/24—Bulked yarns or threads, e.g. formed from staple fibre components with different relaxation characteristics
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
A process and apparatus for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with one or more filament or pre-spun yarns on ring or other types of spinning frames or machines to form a yarn structure, and in which a proportion of the staple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky sheath of fibres twisted around a central core consisting of the one or more fila-ment or pre-spun yarns and a second proportion of the staple fibre. The package or packages of filament yarn can be silk, or any other natural, man-made or syn-thetic filament. Any type of pre-spun yarn may be used such as cotton or any other natural, man-made or synthetic fibre yarn.
Description
2 ~ ~ 7 ~ Q ~ PCT/NZ93/00098 HIGH BULK, MWLTI-COMPONENT YARN
The present invention relates to the ~-ntlfacture of yarns, threads, twines and like materials. More particularly the invention relates to the manufacture of high bulk yarns made from staple fibre material combined with continuous filaments or pre-spun staple fibre yarns.
Our earlier patent entitled ''Im~lov~ments to Yarn Spinning Processes" New Ze~lAn~ Patent No. 232390, describes and claims a method of spi nn; ng high bulk yarns on a worsted or ~emi-worsted spinning frame and modifications to the spi nn i ng frame required to carry out the process method. ~he method involves manipulating the fibres immediately before the insertion of twi~t such that part of every fibre is embodied in the tightly twisted core of the yarn, whilst a second part of ev~Ly fibre is spun around the core with a much reduced level of twist, relative to fibre extent, by overf~i ng. Such a yarn, therefore, includes a core, spun with a normal level of twist relative to the count of that core, and a surro1~n~i ng sheath of relatively loosely twisted fibre from which is derived the high bulk of the yarn. The method of manufacturing this yarn, however, has the disadvantage that very fine bulky yarns cannot be made.
In any spi nn i ng process there exists a lower practical limit upon the number of fibres required in the cross-section of the yarn for the spi nn i ng process to be continuously operable without a high fre~uency of end breaks. In the worsted spinning process the generally recognised minimum SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO94/U9l9~ 2147~~ PCT/NZ93/00098 number of fibres in the yarn cross-section is an average of 45 fibres. In the above-mentioned method for spinning high bulk worsted yarns the stresses imposed on the yarn during gpinning are carried primarily by the fibre twisted into the core, whilst the fibre twisted into the bulky sheath is incorporated too loosely to contribute to yarn strength.
Thus an average of at lesst 45 fibres is necessary in the core of the yarn to en~ure an adequate Epinning performance, whilst fibre in the bulky sheath contributes to the total yarn count. In a yarn spun with 50% of the fibre constituting the core and 50~ of the fibre constituting the bulky sheath, the total number of fibres in the yarn cross-section is at least an average of 90. In the example of a worsted yarn spun from 22~m fibres a conventional yarn could be spun to a 1 in~r density as fine as 22.5 tex, whereas a high bulk worsted yarn, spun according to the method disclosed in our New ZeAlAn~ Patent No. 232390 could not be spun finer than 45 tex.
In another earlier WRONZ Patent entitled "Multi-Component Yarn", New ZeAlAn~ Patent No. 225679, a method is disclosed of producing in one operation a yarn comprised of one strand of staple fibre twisted together with two continuous filaments or pre-spun strands. The main advantage of this method lies in its ability to spin much finer yarns with as few as 20 staple fibres or less in the yarn cross-section. In one example of a yarn spun by this method a yarn was spun having an average of 26 fibres of a 29 ~m wool and SUBSTITUTE StlEEl-W094/09195 21~ 7 0 0 ~ PCT/N~93/0~98 two nylon continuous filaments of 4.2 tex each. The resultant count of the yarn was 30 tex whereas a yarn spun conventionally from this wool could not be spun finer than 39 tex.
This multi-compo~nt yarn has many advantageous properties and end uses, particularly as a weaving yarn, but it has one ma~or disadvantage in that it lacks bulk and it is generally considered unsuitable for many applications in knitting. The bulk of such a yarn is typically in the range of 6-8 cm3/g, which is the volume occupied by one gram of yarn measured at a pressure of 10 grams per square centimetre.
An ob~ect of the present invention is to produce in one operation a high bulk, fine count staple yarn by combining the t~hnologies disclosed in our earlier New Zealand Patent No. 225679 and New z~l~n~ Patent No. 232390.
A second ob~ect of the invention is to provide a method of producing high bulk, fine count yarns comprising one strand of staple fibre twisted together with one or more continuous filament or pre-spun yarns in which one or more filament or pre-spun yarns can be incorporated into the yarn structure as a core or wrapping component or components, relative to the staple fibre component.
A further object of the invention is to produce a high bulk, fine count staple yarn in which at least a proportion of the staple fibres is overfed into the yarn structure at the point of twist insertion such that the overfed portion of SU~ST~IJTE S~EET
WO94/09195 ~14 7 a ~ 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 staple fibre is caused to protrude in loops from the yarn surface to constitute a bulky sheath of fibre.
A further object of the invention is to provide a yarn structure in which one part of substantially every staple fibre is incorporated into the core of the yarn and a second part of substantially every staple fibre is overfed into the bulky yarn sheath, such that the bulky sheath and the core are mechAnically interconnected.
A further ob~ect of the invention is to provide a yarn structure having a high initial modulus of extensibility such that the yarn bulk is stable to the tensile stresses normally imposed upon a yarn in further processing steps such as win~ing~ weaving and knitting.
Yet a further ob~ect of the invention is to provide a yarn manufacturing process which overcomes the above mentioned disadvantages and is capable of producing fine yarns having a high bulk characteristic.
According to a broadest aspect of the invention there is provided a process for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with one or more filament or pre-spun yarns on ring or other types of spi nn i ng frames or machines which utilise any form of closed-end, long draft system, to form a yarn structure, and in which a p o~olLion of the staple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky ~heath of fibres twisted around a central core consisting of the one or more filament or pre-spun yarns and a second proportion of the staple fibre.
TI~UTE SHEET
According to the present invention there is provided a process for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with one or more filament or pre-spun yarns on ring or other types of spinning frames or machines, and in which a proportion of the ~taple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky sheath of fibre twisted around a central core consisting of the one or more filament or pre-spun yarns and a second proportion of the staple fibre, the process including the steps of:
mounting in association with a spinning machine one or more p~ck~ges of single filament, multi-filament yarn or pre-spun yarn and a driven roller means adapted to control the feed of staple fibres between the front rollers of a drafting system and a point at which twist is first inserted between the fibres and filament or pre-spun yarn;
dimensioning the roller means relative to the length of the staple fibres and its surface speed relative to the delivery speed of the front drafting rollers 80 that part of each staple fibre is overfed into the staple fibre strand forming the yarn;
feeAing one of the filament or pre-spun yarns to join with the drafted staple fibre strand at the nip of the front drafting rollers of the spinning machine and fee~ing one filament or pre-spun yarn to ~oin with the staple fibre strand and the first filament or pre-spun yarn at any point between the nip of the front drafting SUBSTIT~TE SHEET
W094/O919S ~I~ 7 0 ~ 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 rollers and downstream of the nip of the driven roller means, or; --feeding one fil~^nt or pre-spun yarn to ~oin with the stable fibre strand at a point downstream of the point of twist insertion.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for producing yarn according to the first aspect as hereinbefore described.
The package or p~ckAges of filament yarn can be silk, or any other natural, man-made or synthetic filament. Any type of pre-spun yarn may be used such as cotton or any other natural, man-made or synthetic fibre yarn.
Further aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following descriptions which are given by way of example only.
Examples of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying diagrams in which:
Fiqure 1 shows in cro~s-section the basic elements of a type of ring spi nn i ng machine including a design of apparatus according to the present invention;
Figure 2 shows in plan the basic elements of a type of ring spi nn i ng machine including a design of apparatus according to the present invention;
Figure 3 shows in plan the basic elements of a type of hollow spindle spinning machine including a design of apparatus according to the present invention;
S~JBST~UrE SHEFT
WO94/09195 2 ~ ~ 7 ~ 0 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 Figure 4 shows in detail the yarn structure and the paths occupied by a typical staple fibre and the two filament or pre-spun yarns within the structure of a yarn spun on a ringframe spinning machine; and Figure 5 shows in detail the yarn structure and the paths occupied by a typical staple fibre and the two filament or pre-spun yarns within the structure of a yarn spun on a hollow spindle spinning machine.
Referring now to Figure 1 a roving of staple fibre 1 is delivered through a pair of back drafting rollers 2, and a pair of apron rollers 3 and a pair of front drafting rollers 4 to emerge as a twistless strand fed over driven rollers 5 below which the yarn 7 is formed by the insertion of twist and which passes on through a pig-tail guide 8 onto a package 9 mounted on a spindle 10, via a ring and traveller mech~ni~m 11. A first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is fed in con~unction with the roving 1 at low tension into the nip of the front drafting rollers 4. A second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 may also be fed at low tension into the nip of rollers 4 but in spatial separation from the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 and the roving 1. Alternatively the second filament or pre-spun yarn may be fed at low tension into the nip of the driven rollers 5, in spatial separation from the first filA~nt or pre-spun yarn 12 and roving 1, or alternatively of the downstream rollers 5, these alternatives being shown in broken lines.
SUBST~T~JTE SHEE-r 2 ~ ~0~
In operation the spindle 10 rotates to insert twist into the yarn structure 7 and to wind a formed yarn onto the --r~ck~ge 9 by co-operation with the ring and traveller mechAni Rm 11 . The twist inserted propsgates upstream in the yarn as far as the nip of the driven rollers 5. The first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is fed in contact with, or very close to, the roving 1 at the nip of rollers 4 and assists in carrying the twistless strand of staple fibres across the gap between the nips of rollers 4 and rollers 5 while bern~ing twisted into the core of the yarn 7. Referring now to Figure 2, the second filament or pre-spun yarn 12 when fed into the nip of rollers 4 i8 held in spatial separation from the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 and its associated roving 1.
Spatial separation is maint~in~ until downstream of the nip of rollers S until it combines with the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 and the strand of staple fibres 1 by becoming wrapped around that structure to form the yarn 7.
The driven rollers 5 are driven with a surface speed in excess of that of rollers 4 by a proportion in excess of unity, chosen according to the particular properties required in the finished yarn 7. The rollers 5 are loaded to provide a pressure at their nip which is sufficient to influence staple fibres after the trailing ends of those fibres have ..
been released by the nip of rollers 4 during their pa~sage through the system, but light enough to allow staple fibres still nipped by rollers 4 and the filament or pre-spun yarns to slip in the nips of rollers 5 without becoming excessively ~ BST~T~5TE SHEET
WO94/09195 21 4 7 0 ~ 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 ~sxetched or broken. Once the trailing end of a staple fibre ~as been released from the nip of rollers 4 that fibre becomes subject to the influence of rollers 5 only and is fed forwards by and at the surface speed of rollers 5 to become overfed into the yarn 7. The portion of a staple fibre fed into the yarn 7 downstream of the nip of rollers 5 before its tr~ i 1 i ng end is released by rollers 4 migrates by virtue of tension in the spi nn i ng yarn 7 towards the core of that yarn.
The portion of a staple fibre overfed by rollers 5 is caused to wrap loosely around the core of yarn 7 by virtue of the overfeed and contributes to the bulky sheath.
The second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 may be fed into the system at one of any of the three alternative position 13 shown in Figures 1 and 2, and it is always kept in spatial separation from the first filament 12 and the staple fibre strand 1 until a point i~ re~h~ downstream of the nip of rollers 5. When fed into the nip of rollers 4 the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is controlled at the surface speed of rollers 4 to be fed into the yarn 7 under the 8pi nn i ng tension of the yarn 7 to become wrapped relatively tightly around the core of the yarn 7. When fed into the nip of rollers 5 the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is controlled at the surface speed of rollers 5 to become overfed into the ysrn 7 and so becomes loosely wrapped around the core of yarn 7, contributing to the bulky sheath. When the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is fed at low tension into the yarn 7 downstream of the nip of rollers 5 it is caused to wrap S~CT~TUTE SHEE~
21470~
around the core of yarn 7 under low tension but does not contribute significantly to the bulky sheath. The choice of position at which the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 i5 fed into the system is determined by the properties required in the finished yarn 7.
In another alternative the yarn 7 may be spun by including one only of the two filament or pre-spun yarns 12 and 13, either as a core or a wrapping component. When yarn i5 spun including only the filament or pre-spun yarn 12 as a core compon~nt the filament or pre-spun yarn can assist in carrying the staple fibre component from the nip of the front drafting rollers 4 through the nip of rollers 5 and on into the twisted yarn structure, and further contribute to the tensile strength of the yarn 7. When yarn is spun including only the filament or pre-spun yarn 13, fed at any of the alternative positions shown in Figure 1, the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is caused to wrap around the yarn 7, assisting in bin~ing the staple fibres within the yarn structure and contributing to the tensile strength of the yarn 7.
Referring now to Figure 3 a roving of staple fibres 1 is processed through a drafting system as described previously to be delivered via front drafting rollers 4, a pair of delivery rollers 17 to be wound into a package 18 driven by a scroll roller 19. The hollow spindle 14 has at its lower end mech~ni~m 16 designed to grip the yarn with low force sufficient to rotate the yarn, inserting false twist upstream to the nip of rollers 5, but light enough to allow the yarn 7 SU~STITUTE SHEET
21 4~5 WO94/09l95 - PCT/NZ93/00098 to be drawn through the mech~nis~ 16 by the delivery rollers - 17 without significantly stretching or br~ki ng the yarn 7.
Mounted on spindle 14 is a package 15 of a second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 which rotates with spindle 14.
The filament or pre-spun yarn 13 combines with the forming yarn 7 by wrapping around yarn 7 under the tension of the balloon formed in the filament or pre-spun yarn 13.
Downstream of the yarn gripping mech~nism 16 there is substantially no twist between the staple fibres in yarn 7, but there is twist between the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 and the yarn 7 by virtue of the former wrapping around the latter.
The driven rollers 5 are driven at a surface speed greater than that of the front drafting rollers 4 to ove~feed the tr~il ing portions of staple fibres into the yarn 7 as previously described. A first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is fed at the nip of rollers 4, also as previously described, to become incorporated into the core of yarn 7 and assist in carrying the staple fibres from the nip of rollers 4 to the point at which the structure is wrapped by the filament or pre-spun yarn 13.
Alternatively yarn may also be spun as hereinbefore described on a hollow spindle machine, but including only one or either of the two filament or pre-spun yarns 12 and 13.
Referring now to Figure 4 there is illustrated the path in the yarn structure of a typical staple fibre 20 showing the leading end of the fibre firmly twisted into the yarn SUBST~TU~E SHE~:T
W O 94/09195 2 ~ 4 7 ~ ~ ~ PC~r/NZ93/00098 ~
core with its trailing end loosely twisted into a sheath around the core in a yarn produced according to a first --aspect of the invention including two filament or pre spun yarns 12 and 13. The trailing end i8 then twisted into the yarn with a lower twist per unit fibre length. ~he first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is shown, as a full line, embedded within the core of the yarn structure, and the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is shown wrapping the structure, for yarns spun as hereinbefore described on a ringframe. The twist angle of fibres lying on the surface of the yarn is the same twist angle as that of the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13.
Referring now to Figure 5 there is illustrated the path in the yarn structure of a typical staple fibre 21 showing the l~ing end of the fibre firmly emhe~A in the yarn core with its trAi 1 ing end bulging in loops from the yarn surface in a yarn produced on a hollow spindle spi nn i ng machine according to a first aspect of the invention including two filament or pre-spun yarns 12 and 13. The first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is shown in a full line embedded within the core of the yarn, and the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is shown wrapping the structure. In this yarn structure there is no twist between the staple fibres themselves or between the staple fibres and the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12; these lie in substantially parallel relationship within the core of the yarn. Twist exists between the whole of this structure and the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 SUBST~TUTE SHEET
WO94/09195 214~ 0 0 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 by virtue of the second filament or pre-spun yarn being wrapped around the structure. The trailing ends of the staple fibres overfed into the yarn structure are slso bound to the yarn structure by the wrapping filament or pre-spun yarn 13 forming loops of fibre protruding from the yarn surface between wrapping points. In this yarn structure the protruding fibre loops are very stable, being securely anchored by the wrapping component 13, and contribute to the bulky sheath surrolln~i ng the yarn core.
In one example of yarn spun on a worsted ringframe by the method described in WRONZ New ZeA1~n~ Patent specification No. 225679 a 28 ~m blend of wool was drafted to a strand of l in~r density of 18.5 tex and twisted together with two filament yarns of l in~r density 2.2 tex each, with 680 tpm, to achieve a finished yarn linear density of 22.9 tex, and having an average of 23 staple fibres in the yarn cross-section. The bulk of this yarn was measured, after fully rel AYi ng by steaming a hank of the ysrn in an autoclave for 2 minutes at 100C, and found to be 7.47cm3/g. The same yarn structure was then spun by the method described in NRONZ
New zeAl ~n~ Patent No- 225679 but with the addition of the driven roller meanæ described in WRONZ New z~l ~n~ Patent No.
232390 to generate yarn bulk, all with 825 tpm twist. In this example the driven roller means (5 in Figure 1) was driven at a surface speed 70% greater than that of the front drafting rollers (4 in Figure 1). The bulk of this yarn was measured, after fully rel~i ng a hank of the yarn by steaming SUBSTiTU~E S~EET
2~4~
in an autoclave for 2 minutes at 100C, and found to be 11.20cm3/g. -In a second example the same 28 ~m wool used for the first example was spun on a hollow spindle m~ch;ne to a lineAr density of 22.0 tex which included two filA~-nt yarns of 2.2 tex each and a strand of staple fibre of 1 ine~r density 17.6 tex and having 22 staple fibres in the cross-section. One yarn was spun with 430 tpm twist and without the use of driven rollers 5. After fully relaxing the yarn by steaming a hank of the yarn in an autoclave for 2 minutes at 100C the bulk was measured and found to be 24.4 cm3/g. A
similar yarn structure wss then spun using also the driven rollers 5 snd after fully rel AXi ng a hsnk of the yarn in an autoclsve for 2 minutes st 100C the bulk was measured and found to be 27.7 cm3/g. In this example the driven roller 5 wss driven at a surface speed 57~ greater than that of the front drafting rollers 4.
Thus by this invention there is provided a ysrn manufscturing process cspable of producing fine yarns having a high bulk chsrscteristic, comprising staple fibre snd filament or pre-spun ysrns. The staple fibre component can comprise as few as 20 fibres or fewer in the cross-section of the ysrn under commercially viable conditions.
Psrticulsr exsmples of the invention hsve been described and it is envisaged that improvements snd modificstions can be msde without depsrting from the scope of the invention.
SVBSTI~UT~ SH~
The present invention relates to the ~-ntlfacture of yarns, threads, twines and like materials. More particularly the invention relates to the manufacture of high bulk yarns made from staple fibre material combined with continuous filaments or pre-spun staple fibre yarns.
Our earlier patent entitled ''Im~lov~ments to Yarn Spinning Processes" New Ze~lAn~ Patent No. 232390, describes and claims a method of spi nn; ng high bulk yarns on a worsted or ~emi-worsted spinning frame and modifications to the spi nn i ng frame required to carry out the process method. ~he method involves manipulating the fibres immediately before the insertion of twi~t such that part of every fibre is embodied in the tightly twisted core of the yarn, whilst a second part of ev~Ly fibre is spun around the core with a much reduced level of twist, relative to fibre extent, by overf~i ng. Such a yarn, therefore, includes a core, spun with a normal level of twist relative to the count of that core, and a surro1~n~i ng sheath of relatively loosely twisted fibre from which is derived the high bulk of the yarn. The method of manufacturing this yarn, however, has the disadvantage that very fine bulky yarns cannot be made.
In any spi nn i ng process there exists a lower practical limit upon the number of fibres required in the cross-section of the yarn for the spi nn i ng process to be continuously operable without a high fre~uency of end breaks. In the worsted spinning process the generally recognised minimum SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO94/U9l9~ 2147~~ PCT/NZ93/00098 number of fibres in the yarn cross-section is an average of 45 fibres. In the above-mentioned method for spinning high bulk worsted yarns the stresses imposed on the yarn during gpinning are carried primarily by the fibre twisted into the core, whilst the fibre twisted into the bulky sheath is incorporated too loosely to contribute to yarn strength.
Thus an average of at lesst 45 fibres is necessary in the core of the yarn to en~ure an adequate Epinning performance, whilst fibre in the bulky sheath contributes to the total yarn count. In a yarn spun with 50% of the fibre constituting the core and 50~ of the fibre constituting the bulky sheath, the total number of fibres in the yarn cross-section is at least an average of 90. In the example of a worsted yarn spun from 22~m fibres a conventional yarn could be spun to a 1 in~r density as fine as 22.5 tex, whereas a high bulk worsted yarn, spun according to the method disclosed in our New ZeAlAn~ Patent No. 232390 could not be spun finer than 45 tex.
In another earlier WRONZ Patent entitled "Multi-Component Yarn", New ZeAlAn~ Patent No. 225679, a method is disclosed of producing in one operation a yarn comprised of one strand of staple fibre twisted together with two continuous filaments or pre-spun strands. The main advantage of this method lies in its ability to spin much finer yarns with as few as 20 staple fibres or less in the yarn cross-section. In one example of a yarn spun by this method a yarn was spun having an average of 26 fibres of a 29 ~m wool and SUBSTITUTE StlEEl-W094/09195 21~ 7 0 0 ~ PCT/N~93/0~98 two nylon continuous filaments of 4.2 tex each. The resultant count of the yarn was 30 tex whereas a yarn spun conventionally from this wool could not be spun finer than 39 tex.
This multi-compo~nt yarn has many advantageous properties and end uses, particularly as a weaving yarn, but it has one ma~or disadvantage in that it lacks bulk and it is generally considered unsuitable for many applications in knitting. The bulk of such a yarn is typically in the range of 6-8 cm3/g, which is the volume occupied by one gram of yarn measured at a pressure of 10 grams per square centimetre.
An ob~ect of the present invention is to produce in one operation a high bulk, fine count staple yarn by combining the t~hnologies disclosed in our earlier New Zealand Patent No. 225679 and New z~l~n~ Patent No. 232390.
A second ob~ect of the invention is to provide a method of producing high bulk, fine count yarns comprising one strand of staple fibre twisted together with one or more continuous filament or pre-spun yarns in which one or more filament or pre-spun yarns can be incorporated into the yarn structure as a core or wrapping component or components, relative to the staple fibre component.
A further object of the invention is to produce a high bulk, fine count staple yarn in which at least a proportion of the staple fibres is overfed into the yarn structure at the point of twist insertion such that the overfed portion of SU~ST~IJTE S~EET
WO94/09195 ~14 7 a ~ 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 staple fibre is caused to protrude in loops from the yarn surface to constitute a bulky sheath of fibre.
A further object of the invention is to provide a yarn structure in which one part of substantially every staple fibre is incorporated into the core of the yarn and a second part of substantially every staple fibre is overfed into the bulky yarn sheath, such that the bulky sheath and the core are mechAnically interconnected.
A further ob~ect of the invention is to provide a yarn structure having a high initial modulus of extensibility such that the yarn bulk is stable to the tensile stresses normally imposed upon a yarn in further processing steps such as win~ing~ weaving and knitting.
Yet a further ob~ect of the invention is to provide a yarn manufacturing process which overcomes the above mentioned disadvantages and is capable of producing fine yarns having a high bulk characteristic.
According to a broadest aspect of the invention there is provided a process for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with one or more filament or pre-spun yarns on ring or other types of spi nn i ng frames or machines which utilise any form of closed-end, long draft system, to form a yarn structure, and in which a p o~olLion of the staple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky ~heath of fibres twisted around a central core consisting of the one or more filament or pre-spun yarns and a second proportion of the staple fibre.
TI~UTE SHEET
According to the present invention there is provided a process for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with one or more filament or pre-spun yarns on ring or other types of spinning frames or machines, and in which a proportion of the ~taple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky sheath of fibre twisted around a central core consisting of the one or more filament or pre-spun yarns and a second proportion of the staple fibre, the process including the steps of:
mounting in association with a spinning machine one or more p~ck~ges of single filament, multi-filament yarn or pre-spun yarn and a driven roller means adapted to control the feed of staple fibres between the front rollers of a drafting system and a point at which twist is first inserted between the fibres and filament or pre-spun yarn;
dimensioning the roller means relative to the length of the staple fibres and its surface speed relative to the delivery speed of the front drafting rollers 80 that part of each staple fibre is overfed into the staple fibre strand forming the yarn;
feeAing one of the filament or pre-spun yarns to join with the drafted staple fibre strand at the nip of the front drafting rollers of the spinning machine and fee~ing one filament or pre-spun yarn to ~oin with the staple fibre strand and the first filament or pre-spun yarn at any point between the nip of the front drafting SUBSTIT~TE SHEET
W094/O919S ~I~ 7 0 ~ 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 rollers and downstream of the nip of the driven roller means, or; --feeding one fil~^nt or pre-spun yarn to ~oin with the stable fibre strand at a point downstream of the point of twist insertion.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for producing yarn according to the first aspect as hereinbefore described.
The package or p~ckAges of filament yarn can be silk, or any other natural, man-made or synthetic filament. Any type of pre-spun yarn may be used such as cotton or any other natural, man-made or synthetic fibre yarn.
Further aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following descriptions which are given by way of example only.
Examples of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying diagrams in which:
Fiqure 1 shows in cro~s-section the basic elements of a type of ring spi nn i ng machine including a design of apparatus according to the present invention;
Figure 2 shows in plan the basic elements of a type of ring spi nn i ng machine including a design of apparatus according to the present invention;
Figure 3 shows in plan the basic elements of a type of hollow spindle spinning machine including a design of apparatus according to the present invention;
S~JBST~UrE SHEFT
WO94/09195 2 ~ ~ 7 ~ 0 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 Figure 4 shows in detail the yarn structure and the paths occupied by a typical staple fibre and the two filament or pre-spun yarns within the structure of a yarn spun on a ringframe spinning machine; and Figure 5 shows in detail the yarn structure and the paths occupied by a typical staple fibre and the two filament or pre-spun yarns within the structure of a yarn spun on a hollow spindle spinning machine.
Referring now to Figure 1 a roving of staple fibre 1 is delivered through a pair of back drafting rollers 2, and a pair of apron rollers 3 and a pair of front drafting rollers 4 to emerge as a twistless strand fed over driven rollers 5 below which the yarn 7 is formed by the insertion of twist and which passes on through a pig-tail guide 8 onto a package 9 mounted on a spindle 10, via a ring and traveller mech~ni~m 11. A first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is fed in con~unction with the roving 1 at low tension into the nip of the front drafting rollers 4. A second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 may also be fed at low tension into the nip of rollers 4 but in spatial separation from the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 and the roving 1. Alternatively the second filament or pre-spun yarn may be fed at low tension into the nip of the driven rollers 5, in spatial separation from the first filA~nt or pre-spun yarn 12 and roving 1, or alternatively of the downstream rollers 5, these alternatives being shown in broken lines.
SUBST~T~JTE SHEE-r 2 ~ ~0~
In operation the spindle 10 rotates to insert twist into the yarn structure 7 and to wind a formed yarn onto the --r~ck~ge 9 by co-operation with the ring and traveller mechAni Rm 11 . The twist inserted propsgates upstream in the yarn as far as the nip of the driven rollers 5. The first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is fed in contact with, or very close to, the roving 1 at the nip of rollers 4 and assists in carrying the twistless strand of staple fibres across the gap between the nips of rollers 4 and rollers 5 while bern~ing twisted into the core of the yarn 7. Referring now to Figure 2, the second filament or pre-spun yarn 12 when fed into the nip of rollers 4 i8 held in spatial separation from the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 and its associated roving 1.
Spatial separation is maint~in~ until downstream of the nip of rollers S until it combines with the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 and the strand of staple fibres 1 by becoming wrapped around that structure to form the yarn 7.
The driven rollers 5 are driven with a surface speed in excess of that of rollers 4 by a proportion in excess of unity, chosen according to the particular properties required in the finished yarn 7. The rollers 5 are loaded to provide a pressure at their nip which is sufficient to influence staple fibres after the trailing ends of those fibres have ..
been released by the nip of rollers 4 during their pa~sage through the system, but light enough to allow staple fibres still nipped by rollers 4 and the filament or pre-spun yarns to slip in the nips of rollers 5 without becoming excessively ~ BST~T~5TE SHEET
WO94/09195 21 4 7 0 ~ 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 ~sxetched or broken. Once the trailing end of a staple fibre ~as been released from the nip of rollers 4 that fibre becomes subject to the influence of rollers 5 only and is fed forwards by and at the surface speed of rollers 5 to become overfed into the yarn 7. The portion of a staple fibre fed into the yarn 7 downstream of the nip of rollers 5 before its tr~ i 1 i ng end is released by rollers 4 migrates by virtue of tension in the spi nn i ng yarn 7 towards the core of that yarn.
The portion of a staple fibre overfed by rollers 5 is caused to wrap loosely around the core of yarn 7 by virtue of the overfeed and contributes to the bulky sheath.
The second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 may be fed into the system at one of any of the three alternative position 13 shown in Figures 1 and 2, and it is always kept in spatial separation from the first filament 12 and the staple fibre strand 1 until a point i~ re~h~ downstream of the nip of rollers 5. When fed into the nip of rollers 4 the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is controlled at the surface speed of rollers 4 to be fed into the yarn 7 under the 8pi nn i ng tension of the yarn 7 to become wrapped relatively tightly around the core of the yarn 7. When fed into the nip of rollers 5 the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is controlled at the surface speed of rollers 5 to become overfed into the ysrn 7 and so becomes loosely wrapped around the core of yarn 7, contributing to the bulky sheath. When the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is fed at low tension into the yarn 7 downstream of the nip of rollers 5 it is caused to wrap S~CT~TUTE SHEE~
21470~
around the core of yarn 7 under low tension but does not contribute significantly to the bulky sheath. The choice of position at which the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 i5 fed into the system is determined by the properties required in the finished yarn 7.
In another alternative the yarn 7 may be spun by including one only of the two filament or pre-spun yarns 12 and 13, either as a core or a wrapping component. When yarn i5 spun including only the filament or pre-spun yarn 12 as a core compon~nt the filament or pre-spun yarn can assist in carrying the staple fibre component from the nip of the front drafting rollers 4 through the nip of rollers 5 and on into the twisted yarn structure, and further contribute to the tensile strength of the yarn 7. When yarn is spun including only the filament or pre-spun yarn 13, fed at any of the alternative positions shown in Figure 1, the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is caused to wrap around the yarn 7, assisting in bin~ing the staple fibres within the yarn structure and contributing to the tensile strength of the yarn 7.
Referring now to Figure 3 a roving of staple fibres 1 is processed through a drafting system as described previously to be delivered via front drafting rollers 4, a pair of delivery rollers 17 to be wound into a package 18 driven by a scroll roller 19. The hollow spindle 14 has at its lower end mech~ni~m 16 designed to grip the yarn with low force sufficient to rotate the yarn, inserting false twist upstream to the nip of rollers 5, but light enough to allow the yarn 7 SU~STITUTE SHEET
21 4~5 WO94/09l95 - PCT/NZ93/00098 to be drawn through the mech~nis~ 16 by the delivery rollers - 17 without significantly stretching or br~ki ng the yarn 7.
Mounted on spindle 14 is a package 15 of a second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 which rotates with spindle 14.
The filament or pre-spun yarn 13 combines with the forming yarn 7 by wrapping around yarn 7 under the tension of the balloon formed in the filament or pre-spun yarn 13.
Downstream of the yarn gripping mech~nism 16 there is substantially no twist between the staple fibres in yarn 7, but there is twist between the filament or pre-spun yarn 13 and the yarn 7 by virtue of the former wrapping around the latter.
The driven rollers 5 are driven at a surface speed greater than that of the front drafting rollers 4 to ove~feed the tr~il ing portions of staple fibres into the yarn 7 as previously described. A first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is fed at the nip of rollers 4, also as previously described, to become incorporated into the core of yarn 7 and assist in carrying the staple fibres from the nip of rollers 4 to the point at which the structure is wrapped by the filament or pre-spun yarn 13.
Alternatively yarn may also be spun as hereinbefore described on a hollow spindle machine, but including only one or either of the two filament or pre-spun yarns 12 and 13.
Referring now to Figure 4 there is illustrated the path in the yarn structure of a typical staple fibre 20 showing the leading end of the fibre firmly twisted into the yarn SUBST~TU~E SHE~:T
W O 94/09195 2 ~ 4 7 ~ ~ ~ PC~r/NZ93/00098 ~
core with its trailing end loosely twisted into a sheath around the core in a yarn produced according to a first --aspect of the invention including two filament or pre spun yarns 12 and 13. The trailing end i8 then twisted into the yarn with a lower twist per unit fibre length. ~he first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is shown, as a full line, embedded within the core of the yarn structure, and the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is shown wrapping the structure, for yarns spun as hereinbefore described on a ringframe. The twist angle of fibres lying on the surface of the yarn is the same twist angle as that of the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13.
Referring now to Figure 5 there is illustrated the path in the yarn structure of a typical staple fibre 21 showing the l~ing end of the fibre firmly emhe~A in the yarn core with its trAi 1 ing end bulging in loops from the yarn surface in a yarn produced on a hollow spindle spi nn i ng machine according to a first aspect of the invention including two filament or pre-spun yarns 12 and 13. The first filament or pre-spun yarn 12 is shown in a full line embedded within the core of the yarn, and the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 is shown wrapping the structure. In this yarn structure there is no twist between the staple fibres themselves or between the staple fibres and the first filament or pre-spun yarn 12; these lie in substantially parallel relationship within the core of the yarn. Twist exists between the whole of this structure and the second filament or pre-spun yarn 13 SUBST~TUTE SHEET
WO94/09195 214~ 0 0 5 PCT/NZ93/00098 by virtue of the second filament or pre-spun yarn being wrapped around the structure. The trailing ends of the staple fibres overfed into the yarn structure are slso bound to the yarn structure by the wrapping filament or pre-spun yarn 13 forming loops of fibre protruding from the yarn surface between wrapping points. In this yarn structure the protruding fibre loops are very stable, being securely anchored by the wrapping component 13, and contribute to the bulky sheath surrolln~i ng the yarn core.
In one example of yarn spun on a worsted ringframe by the method described in WRONZ New ZeA1~n~ Patent specification No. 225679 a 28 ~m blend of wool was drafted to a strand of l in~r density of 18.5 tex and twisted together with two filament yarns of l in~r density 2.2 tex each, with 680 tpm, to achieve a finished yarn linear density of 22.9 tex, and having an average of 23 staple fibres in the yarn cross-section. The bulk of this yarn was measured, after fully rel AYi ng by steaming a hank of the ysrn in an autoclave for 2 minutes at 100C, and found to be 7.47cm3/g. The same yarn structure was then spun by the method described in NRONZ
New zeAl ~n~ Patent No- 225679 but with the addition of the driven roller meanæ described in WRONZ New z~l ~n~ Patent No.
232390 to generate yarn bulk, all with 825 tpm twist. In this example the driven roller means (5 in Figure 1) was driven at a surface speed 70% greater than that of the front drafting rollers (4 in Figure 1). The bulk of this yarn was measured, after fully rel~i ng a hank of the yarn by steaming SUBSTiTU~E S~EET
2~4~
in an autoclave for 2 minutes at 100C, and found to be 11.20cm3/g. -In a second example the same 28 ~m wool used for the first example was spun on a hollow spindle m~ch;ne to a lineAr density of 22.0 tex which included two filA~-nt yarns of 2.2 tex each and a strand of staple fibre of 1 ine~r density 17.6 tex and having 22 staple fibres in the cross-section. One yarn was spun with 430 tpm twist and without the use of driven rollers 5. After fully relaxing the yarn by steaming a hank of the yarn in an autoclave for 2 minutes at 100C the bulk was measured and found to be 24.4 cm3/g. A
similar yarn structure wss then spun using also the driven rollers 5 snd after fully rel AXi ng a hsnk of the yarn in an autoclsve for 2 minutes st 100C the bulk was measured and found to be 27.7 cm3/g. In this example the driven roller 5 wss driven at a surface speed 57~ greater than that of the front drafting rollers 4.
Thus by this invention there is provided a ysrn manufscturing process cspable of producing fine yarns having a high bulk chsrscteristic, comprising staple fibre snd filament or pre-spun ysrns. The staple fibre component can comprise as few as 20 fibres or fewer in the cross-section of the ysrn under commercially viable conditions.
Psrticulsr exsmples of the invention hsve been described and it is envisaged that improvements snd modificstions can be msde without depsrting from the scope of the invention.
SVBSTI~UT~ SH~
Claims (13)
1. A method of producing high bulk, fine count yarns, including the steps of including a staple fibre and two fine pre-spun or continuous filament yarns, one as a core to the strand of staple fibre, the second as a wrapping component of the yarn structure; feeding the two pre-spun or continuous filament yarns and at least a proportion of the staple fibre at a constant and controlled speed at the point of yarn formation, and overfeeding at a greater speed at least a proportion of substantially every staple fibre at a controlled speed which is higher than the speed of feeding of the two pre-spun or continuous filament yarns.
2. A high bulk, fine count yarn, including a major proportion of staple fibre and a minor proportion of filament or pre-spun yarn, characterised by at least one filament yarn or pre-spun yarn being included as a core, or a first wrapping component, of the predominantly staple fibre strand, and at least a second filament yarn or pre-spun yarn as a second wrapping component of the staple fibre strand, or a wrapping component of that strand and the included core filament yarn, wherein at least part of substantially every staple fibre is overfed into the yarn structure at the point of twist insertion such that the overfed part of each staple fibre is caused to protrude in loops or protruding helices from the yarn surface to constitute a continuous bulky sheath of fibre, and at least a part of substantially every staple fibre is fed into the yarn core at the same speed as the filament yarn or pre-spun core or first wrapping component, such that substantially every fibre contributes to both the core and the bulky sheath of the yarn, the core and the bulky sheath being then mechanically interconnected.
3. A yarn as claimed in claim 2 in which one part of substantially every staple fibre is incorporated into the core of the yarn and a second part of substantially every staple fibre is overfed into the bulky yarn sheath, such that the bulky sheath and the core are mechanically interconnected.
4. A yarn as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 having a high initial modulus of extensibility such that the bulky sheath is stable to the tensile stresses normally imposed upon a yarn in further processing steps such as winding, weaving and knitting.
5. A process for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with two or more filament yarns or pre-spun yarns, on any high draft, closed-end spinning machine to form a yarn structure in which a first filament yarn or pre-spun yarn may be twisted into the yarn core in conjunction with a portion of substantially every staple fibre, or may be a first wrapping component of the staple fibre core, a second filament yarn or pre-spun yarn is a wrapping component of the yarn structure, and a portion of substantially every staple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky sheath of fibre twisted around a central core, substantially every staple fibre contributing in part to both the core and the bulky sheath of the yarn such that the core and the bulky sheath are mechanically interconnected.
6. A process for producing a yarn comprising staple fibres twisted together with one or more filament or pre-spun yarns on ring or other types of spinning frames or machines, and in which a proportion of the staple fibre is overfed into the structure to provide a bulky sheath of fibre twisted around a central core consisting of the one or more filament or pre-spun yarns and a second proportion of the staple fibre, the process including the steps of:
mounting in association with a spinning machine one or more packages of single filament, multi-filament yarn or pre-spun yarn and a driven roller means adapted to control the feed of staple fibres between the front rollers of a drafting system and a point at which twist is first inserted between the fibres and filament or pre-spun yarn;
dimensioning the roller means relative to the length of the staple fibres and its surface speed relative to the delivery speed of the front drafting rollers so that part of each staple fibre is overfed into the staple fibre strand forming the yarn;
feeding one of the filament or pre-spun yarns to join with the drafted staple fibre strand at the nip of the front drafting rollers of the spinning machine and feeding one filament or pre-spun yarn to join with the staple fibre strand and the first filament or pre-spun yarn at any point between the nip of the front drafting rollers and downstream of the nip of the driven roller means, or;
feeding one filament or pre-spun yarn to join with the staple fibre strand at a point downstream of the point of twist insertion.
mounting in association with a spinning machine one or more packages of single filament, multi-filament yarn or pre-spun yarn and a driven roller means adapted to control the feed of staple fibres between the front rollers of a drafting system and a point at which twist is first inserted between the fibres and filament or pre-spun yarn;
dimensioning the roller means relative to the length of the staple fibres and its surface speed relative to the delivery speed of the front drafting rollers so that part of each staple fibre is overfed into the staple fibre strand forming the yarn;
feeding one of the filament or pre-spun yarns to join with the drafted staple fibre strand at the nip of the front drafting rollers of the spinning machine and feeding one filament or pre-spun yarn to join with the staple fibre strand and the first filament or pre-spun yarn at any point between the nip of the front drafting rollers and downstream of the nip of the driven roller means, or;
feeding one filament or pre-spun yarn to join with the staple fibre strand at a point downstream of the point of twist insertion.
7. A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the package or packages of filament yarn are silk, or any other natural, man-made or synthetic filament.
8. A process as claimed in claim 6 or claim 7 wherein any type of pre-spun yarn is be used such as cotton or any other natural, man-made or synthetic fibre yarn.
9. An apparatus for producing yarn as claimed in claim 2 including any known, closed-end long staple drafting system, an additional pair of rollers forming a nip immediately downstream of front drafting rollers of the drafting system, and any known spindle or twisting mechanism for imparting twist to the yarn, the additional pair of rollers being driven at a constant surface speed which is greater than the surface speed of the front drafting rollers.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein a first filament or pre-spun yarn is fed in conjunction with the roving at low tension into the nip of the front drafting rollers, a second filament or pre-spun yarn can also be fed at low tension into the nip of the front-drafting rollers but in spatial separation from the first filament or pre-spun yarn and the roving.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10 wherein the second filament or pre-spun yarn is fed at low tension into the nip of the front-drafting rollers, in spatial separation from the first filament or pre-spun yarn and staple fibre strand, or alternatively into the nip of the additional rollers, in spatial separation from the filament or pre-spun yarn and staple fibre strand.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein the driven rollers are driven with a surface speed in excess of that of the front drafting rollers by a proportion in excess of unity, chosen according to the particular properties required in the finished yarn so that the portion of a staple fibre overfed by rollers is caused to wrap loosely around the core of yarn by virtue of the overfeed and thus contributes to the bulky sheath.
13. An apparatus for producing yarn as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12, including the known drafting system and spindle of a conventional spinning machine and an additional pair of rollers forming a nip immediately downstream of the front drafting rollers.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NZ24473992 | 1992-10-14 | ||
| NZ244739 | 1992-10-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2147005A1 true CA2147005A1 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
Family
ID=19924143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2147005 Abandoned CA2147005A1 (en) | 1992-10-14 | 1993-10-14 | High bulk, multi-component yarn |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08504893A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU682320B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2147005A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4395220T1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2286605B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994009195A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101736469B (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2011-10-05 | 西南大学 | Preparation method of yarn with long and short fiber compound structure |
| EP2668322A4 (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2015-12-02 | Lincspun Ltd | A multi-component yarn |
| JP5740615B2 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-06-24 | 株式会社日興テキスタイル | Bulky spun single yarn and fabric including bulky spun single yarn |
| EP3186419B1 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2022-08-24 | Amsler S.R.L. | Device for producing cladded yarn |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB521043A (en) * | 1938-11-09 | 1940-05-10 | Angus Smith Bell | Improvements in or relating to composite yarns and fabrics made of or containing such yarns |
| US3133401A (en) * | 1961-04-28 | 1964-05-19 | Chavanoz Moulinage Retorderie | Apparatus for manufacturing knop yarn |
| GB1196793A (en) * | 1966-07-15 | 1970-07-01 | Nuval Co | Method and Apparatus for Imparting a Twist to One or More Yarns and Yarn Construction Made Thereby. |
| US3495393A (en) * | 1967-03-08 | 1970-02-17 | Teijin Ltd | Non- or low-stretch composite yarn of super high bulk |
| US3952496A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1976-04-27 | Akzona Incorporated | Composite thread |
| FR2080052A5 (en) * | 1970-02-20 | 1971-11-12 | Chavanoz Moulinage Retorderie | |
| JPS512976B1 (en) * | 1970-06-10 | 1976-01-30 | ||
| GB1469050A (en) * | 1974-06-26 | 1977-03-30 | Gould Inc | High energy gas discharge switching device |
| US4041690A (en) * | 1975-11-05 | 1977-08-16 | Tuscarora Cotton Mill | Novelty yarn and method for making same |
| DE3372385D1 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1987-08-13 | Teijin Ltd | Heat-durable spun-like fasciated yarn and method for producing the same |
| SU1481287A1 (en) * | 1986-10-16 | 1989-05-23 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт трикотажной промышленности | Apparatus for producing fancy yarn |
| NZ225679A (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1991-10-25 | Wool Res Organisation | Yarn spinning process for producing a multi-component yarn with reduced fibres per yarn |
| GB8912305D0 (en) * | 1989-05-27 | 1989-07-12 | James Stroud & Company Limited | Method of manufacturing a combined elastic or elastomeric yarn |
-
1993
- 1993-10-14 GB GB9507633A patent/GB2286605B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-14 WO PCT/NZ1993/000098 patent/WO1994009195A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-10-14 CA CA 2147005 patent/CA2147005A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-10-14 AU AU51208/93A patent/AU682320B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-14 JP JP6509877A patent/JPH08504893A/en active Pending
- 1993-10-14 DE DE4395220T patent/DE4395220T1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9507633D0 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
| DE4395220T1 (en) | 1995-09-21 |
| AU682320B2 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
| GB2286605B (en) | 1996-12-04 |
| JPH08504893A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
| GB2286605A (en) | 1995-08-23 |
| AU5120893A (en) | 1994-05-09 |
| WO1994009195A1 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
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