CA2133372C - De-icing composition and anti-icing composition for aircraft - Google Patents
De-icing composition and anti-icing composition for aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
- C09K3/185—Thawing materials
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Abstract
A novel non-thickened de-icing composition and anti-icing composition for aircraft is described. It comprises essentially glycols and water as the main components, at least one nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty alcohols and low molecular weight alkoxylates thereof, and preferably another anionic surfactant from the group consisting of alkali metal alkylarylsulfonates, corrosion inhibitors and, if appropriate, pH regulators.
The novel composition has a relatively long holdover time and therefore combines the advantages of non-thickened and thickened aircraft de-icing compositions.
The novel composition has a relatively long holdover time and therefore combines the advantages of non-thickened and thickened aircraft de-icing compositions.
Description
'29374-55 (S) Non-Thickening De-Icing and Anti-Icing Composition Comprising an Alkoxylated Fatty Alcohol and an Arylsulfonate Description De-icing compositions and anti-icing composit~.ons for aircraft (called simply de-icing compositions or de-icing liquids in the following for brevity) are employed for removal of ice, snow and/or frost from certain aircraft surfaces and for avoiding such deposits on these sur-faces. The period of time within which the de-icing liquid provides protection against reformation of ice, snow and/or frost on the aircraft is called the re-icing protection time or holdover time.
GB-A 1 026 150 describes a de-icing liquid which essen-tially comprises glycol and water as the main constitu-ents and a comparatively small amount of a tertiary amine from the group consisting of ethoxylated fatty amines and at least one corrosion inhibitor. Reference is also made in US-A 3 412 030 to the intensifying action of water soluble surfactants in the thawing or melting of snow and ice.
US-A 4 585 571 describes a de-icing composition which essentially comprises glycol as the main component and a combination of three specific surfactants, in particular an anionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty acid diamines, a hydrophilic surfactant from the group consisting of mono- or polyalcoholamines and an anionicaily hydrophilic surfactant from the group con-sisting of sulfated or sulfonated compounds as a coupling agent for the hydrophobic radicals in the fatty acid diamine and the hydrophilic alcoholamine. Although this de-icing liquid is said to have a longer-lasting protec-tion against re-icing, it nevertheless leaves something to be desired, inter alia because of the complicated surfactant system.
GB-A 1 026 150 describes a de-icing liquid which essen-tially comprises glycol and water as the main constitu-ents and a comparatively small amount of a tertiary amine from the group consisting of ethoxylated fatty amines and at least one corrosion inhibitor. Reference is also made in US-A 3 412 030 to the intensifying action of water soluble surfactants in the thawing or melting of snow and ice.
US-A 4 585 571 describes a de-icing composition which essentially comprises glycol as the main component and a combination of three specific surfactants, in particular an anionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty acid diamines, a hydrophilic surfactant from the group consisting of mono- or polyalcoholamines and an anionicaily hydrophilic surfactant from the group con-sisting of sulfated or sulfonated compounds as a coupling agent for the hydrophobic radicals in the fatty acid diamine and the hydrophilic alcoholamine. Although this de-icing liquid is said to have a longer-lasting protec-tion against re-icing, it nevertheless leaves something to be desired, inter alia because of the complicated surfactant system.
A number of publications in the field of de-icing and anti-icing liquids for aircraft which address, inter alia, increasing the holdover time recommend thickeners for this purpose, because experts are evidently convinced that an increased holdover time can be achieved only with the aid of thickeners, cf., for example, US-A 4 358 389, DE-A-31 42 059 (Derwent reference AN 44404K/19), US-A 4 744 913 and EP-B 0 360 183 (Derwent reference AN 90/092789/13). The de-icing compositions described here thus comprise essentially glycol and water, at least one thickener, for example from the group consisting of polyacrylates, at least one surfactant, for example from the group consisting of alkylarylsulfonates and oxy-alkylated alcohols, corrosion inhibitors and, if appro-priate, pH regulators. These thickened de-icing compositions, which are pseudoplastic liquids having non-Newtonian flow properties, are distinguished by a considerably longer re-icing protection time compared with the non-thickened compositions.
Two types of aircraft de-icing liquids are specified in "Recommendations for De-/Anti-Icing of Aircraft on the Ground'° (March 1993 edition) of the Association of European Airlines (AEA). AEA Type I liquids comprise essentially glycol, water and corrosion inhibitors, and if appropriate surfactants and pH regulators, and AEA
Type II liquids comprise a thickener in addition to these. De-icing liquids of the AEA Type I are also the so-called "Military Specification Fluids" with sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate as the surfactant.
The most important technical properties of aircraft de-icing compositions are the longest possible protection against re-icing of the wings before take-off under extreme weather conditions and good flow of the de-icing composition from the body and wings during take-off of the aircraft. Furthermore, the properties of the de-icing liquids should not be impaired during storage at tempera -tures of up to 100°C and during shearing of the liquid by pumps and spray cans. While the thickened de-icing compositions thus adequately meet the requirements in respect of holdover time, they flow from the wings in general more slowly than the non-thickened compositions.
Because of their polymeric thickener, Type II de-icing compositions are also considerably more sensitive to shearing and heat, so that special technically complicated spray equipment is needed during their use.
In contrast, non-thickened Type I de-icing comlpositions in general are insensitive to shearing and temperature and flow from the wings more quickly during take-off.
However, they have the considerable disadvantage of only a short protection time against re-icing. In the test methods described for determination of the holdover time in the AEA recommendations mentioned, that is to say in the "Water Spray Endurance Test" (which simulates freez-ing rain) and in the "High Humidity Endurance Test"
(which simulates formation of frost), a protection time of only at least 3 minutes and, respectively, 20 minutes is therefore required for Type I liquids, but a protec-tion time of at least 30 minutes and, respectively, 240 minutes is required for Type II liquids under the same conditions.
The object of the invention is accordingly to discover an AEA Type I de-icing composition which is built up in a simple manner and has a prolonged holdover time. The novel de-icing liquid should thus combine in it the advantages of Type I and Type II liquids, without having their adverse properties. It should furthermore be such that the spent liquid can be processed in a simple manner and reused.
The de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention, for aircraft, which is based on glycols and water essentially comprises a) 60 to 97% by weight, preferably 80 to 95o by weight, of at least one glycol from the group consisting of alkylene glycols having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and oxyalkylene glycols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, b) 0.01 to 1% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, of at least one nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty alcohols and fatty alcohols which are alkoxylated with a low molecular weight alkoxide and have 1 to 10 alkoxide units, preferably 1 to 8 alkoxide units, c) 0 . O1 to 0 . 8% by weight, preferably 0 . 03 to 0 .5 % by weight, of at least one corrosion inhibitor and d) water as the remainder to make up 1000 by weight,' the percentages by weight being based on the weight of the composition.
It has furthermore been found that an even higher hold-over time value can be achieved if a combination of the nonionic surfactant b) mentioned and an anionic surfactant b') from the group consisting of alkali metal alkylarylsulfonates is employed as the surfactant compo-nent in an amount of likewise 0.01 to to by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight. The two surfactant compounds b) and b'), where surfactant b') above all acts as a spreading agent, are preferably employed in a weight ratio of about 1 . (0.5 to 1), and particularly prefer-ably in a weight ratio of about 1 . 1.
Component a) of the liquid according to the invention is preferably ethylene glycol, propylene glycol (1,2-propylene glycol or 1,3-propylene glycol), diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or a mixture of two or more of these glycols, propylene glycols being particularly preferred. The glycols are used above all for lowering the freezing point and, alongside water, are the main component of the liquid.
Component b) is a fatty alcohol, that is to say an alcohol having 6 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxylate thereof having 1 to 10 molecules, preferably 1 to 8 molecules, of a low molecular weight alkylene oxide in the alkoxylated ' CA 02133372 2002-10-09 fatty alcohol. The low molecular weight alkylene oxide is preferably ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or a mixture thereof, ethylene oxide being preferred. The said alkyl radical in the fatty alcohal can be straight-chain or branched, straight-chain radicals being preferred, and saturated or unsaturated with preferably 1 to 3 double bonds. Examples which may be mentioned are: octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isotridecyl and stearyl alcohol, and furthermore oleyl, coconut alkyl and tallow alkyl alcoho 1.
I0 Component b) can also be a mixture of the fatty alcoho is and/or fatty alcohol alkoxylates mentioned, thus, f or example, a fatty alcohol mixture having a C12-alkyl radical and C14-alkyl radical (C12/C14-fatty alcohol) .
Component b') is preferably a potassium and/or sodium alkylarylsulfonate having one ar more, preferably one or two, sulfonate groups (S03R or S03Na groups) , one or more, preferably one or two, alkyl groups having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and one or more, preferably one or two, benzene rings. Alkali metal (potassium and/or sodium) alkylbenz enesulfonates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group are preferred. Since hydrocarbon mixtures such as are obtained, for example, as fractions in the processing of crude oil are also used as starting subs tances in the preparation of alkylarylsulfonates, the alkyl group can also represent such mixtures. The number of carbon atoms here is preferably 12 to 18 (that is to say an average number of 15) .
Component c) comprises corrosion inhibitor s such as are customary for liquids based on glycol s and water.
Suitable corrosion inhibitors are alkali metal phos-phates, lower alkyl phosphates, such as ethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, isopropyl phasphate and the like, imidazoles, such as 1H-imidazole, me thylimidazole, benzimidazole and the like, and triazo les, such as benzotriazole and tolyltriazole, the tr iazoles being pref erred.
Two types of aircraft de-icing liquids are specified in "Recommendations for De-/Anti-Icing of Aircraft on the Ground'° (March 1993 edition) of the Association of European Airlines (AEA). AEA Type I liquids comprise essentially glycol, water and corrosion inhibitors, and if appropriate surfactants and pH regulators, and AEA
Type II liquids comprise a thickener in addition to these. De-icing liquids of the AEA Type I are also the so-called "Military Specification Fluids" with sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate as the surfactant.
The most important technical properties of aircraft de-icing compositions are the longest possible protection against re-icing of the wings before take-off under extreme weather conditions and good flow of the de-icing composition from the body and wings during take-off of the aircraft. Furthermore, the properties of the de-icing liquids should not be impaired during storage at tempera -tures of up to 100°C and during shearing of the liquid by pumps and spray cans. While the thickened de-icing compositions thus adequately meet the requirements in respect of holdover time, they flow from the wings in general more slowly than the non-thickened compositions.
Because of their polymeric thickener, Type II de-icing compositions are also considerably more sensitive to shearing and heat, so that special technically complicated spray equipment is needed during their use.
In contrast, non-thickened Type I de-icing comlpositions in general are insensitive to shearing and temperature and flow from the wings more quickly during take-off.
However, they have the considerable disadvantage of only a short protection time against re-icing. In the test methods described for determination of the holdover time in the AEA recommendations mentioned, that is to say in the "Water Spray Endurance Test" (which simulates freez-ing rain) and in the "High Humidity Endurance Test"
(which simulates formation of frost), a protection time of only at least 3 minutes and, respectively, 20 minutes is therefore required for Type I liquids, but a protec-tion time of at least 30 minutes and, respectively, 240 minutes is required for Type II liquids under the same conditions.
The object of the invention is accordingly to discover an AEA Type I de-icing composition which is built up in a simple manner and has a prolonged holdover time. The novel de-icing liquid should thus combine in it the advantages of Type I and Type II liquids, without having their adverse properties. It should furthermore be such that the spent liquid can be processed in a simple manner and reused.
The de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention, for aircraft, which is based on glycols and water essentially comprises a) 60 to 97% by weight, preferably 80 to 95o by weight, of at least one glycol from the group consisting of alkylene glycols having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and oxyalkylene glycols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, b) 0.01 to 1% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, of at least one nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty alcohols and fatty alcohols which are alkoxylated with a low molecular weight alkoxide and have 1 to 10 alkoxide units, preferably 1 to 8 alkoxide units, c) 0 . O1 to 0 . 8% by weight, preferably 0 . 03 to 0 .5 % by weight, of at least one corrosion inhibitor and d) water as the remainder to make up 1000 by weight,' the percentages by weight being based on the weight of the composition.
It has furthermore been found that an even higher hold-over time value can be achieved if a combination of the nonionic surfactant b) mentioned and an anionic surfactant b') from the group consisting of alkali metal alkylarylsulfonates is employed as the surfactant compo-nent in an amount of likewise 0.01 to to by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight. The two surfactant compounds b) and b'), where surfactant b') above all acts as a spreading agent, are preferably employed in a weight ratio of about 1 . (0.5 to 1), and particularly prefer-ably in a weight ratio of about 1 . 1.
Component a) of the liquid according to the invention is preferably ethylene glycol, propylene glycol (1,2-propylene glycol or 1,3-propylene glycol), diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or a mixture of two or more of these glycols, propylene glycols being particularly preferred. The glycols are used above all for lowering the freezing point and, alongside water, are the main component of the liquid.
Component b) is a fatty alcohol, that is to say an alcohol having 6 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxylate thereof having 1 to 10 molecules, preferably 1 to 8 molecules, of a low molecular weight alkylene oxide in the alkoxylated ' CA 02133372 2002-10-09 fatty alcohol. The low molecular weight alkylene oxide is preferably ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or a mixture thereof, ethylene oxide being preferred. The said alkyl radical in the fatty alcohal can be straight-chain or branched, straight-chain radicals being preferred, and saturated or unsaturated with preferably 1 to 3 double bonds. Examples which may be mentioned are: octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isotridecyl and stearyl alcohol, and furthermore oleyl, coconut alkyl and tallow alkyl alcoho 1.
I0 Component b) can also be a mixture of the fatty alcoho is and/or fatty alcohol alkoxylates mentioned, thus, f or example, a fatty alcohol mixture having a C12-alkyl radical and C14-alkyl radical (C12/C14-fatty alcohol) .
Component b') is preferably a potassium and/or sodium alkylarylsulfonate having one ar more, preferably one or two, sulfonate groups (S03R or S03Na groups) , one or more, preferably one or two, alkyl groups having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and one or more, preferably one or two, benzene rings. Alkali metal (potassium and/or sodium) alkylbenz enesulfonates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group are preferred. Since hydrocarbon mixtures such as are obtained, for example, as fractions in the processing of crude oil are also used as starting subs tances in the preparation of alkylarylsulfonates, the alkyl group can also represent such mixtures. The number of carbon atoms here is preferably 12 to 18 (that is to say an average number of 15) .
Component c) comprises corrosion inhibitor s such as are customary for liquids based on glycol s and water.
Suitable corrosion inhibitors are alkali metal phos-phates, lower alkyl phosphates, such as ethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, isopropyl phasphate and the like, imidazoles, such as 1H-imidazole, me thylimidazole, benzimidazole and the like, and triazo les, such as benzotriazole and tolyltriazole, the tr iazoles being pref erred.
Component d) is water. Completely desalinated water is preferably employed.
The pH of AEA Type I de-icing liquids should be 6.5 to 10, preferably 7 to 9. If the liquid according to the invention does not in any case have such a value, it can easily be established by suitable pH regulators. In general, it will be necessary to add a basic compound to the liquid. Suitable basic compounds are those from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, such as NaOH
and KOH, alkylamines, such as butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine and isononylamine, and alkanolamines, such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine. The alkali metal hydrox-ides are preferred.
The de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention are prepared by mixing the individual (known and commercially obtainable) components together in any desired sequence, which can be carried out, for example, in a tank fitted with a stirrer.
The de-icing composition according to the invention has all the advantages of non-thickened de-icing liquids, and moreover has a holdover time which is considerably above the value required of AEA Type I liquids. It thus combines both the advantages of nonthickened and those of thickened liquids. This is an unexpected result. Until recently, experts in fact evidently assumed that a longer holdover time in liquids based on glycols and water can be achieved only with the aid of thickeners.
When used for de-icing and preserving the aircraft surfaces to be treated, the de-icing composition is employed either as such, that is to say in concentrated form, or as a dilution with water, preferably in a ratio of 1 . 1. The de-icing agent can be applied to the surfaces to be treated by spraying on with the customary equipment, such as spray cans and the like.
-The invention will now be illustrated in more detail by examples and comparison examples.
Example 1 A de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention was prepared by mixing the following components (concentrate):
80.00 by weight of 1,2-propylene glycol 0.05% by weight of benzotriazole 0.25% by weight of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate having an average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of 15 0.200 by weight of C1z/Ci4-fatty alcohol ethoxyla ted with 2 mol of ethylene oxide 0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 19.485% by weight of water.
This de-icing composition has a pH of 9. The holdover time was determined by the "AEA Water Spray Endurance Test" (Test 1) and by the "AEA High Humidity Endurance Test" (Test 2), and in particular for the concentrated formulation and the formulation diluted 1 . 1 with water.
The values are summarized below:
Example 1 Test 1 Test 2 concentrated 12 minutes greater than 180 minutes 50 . 50 7 minutes greater than 50 minutes Comparison Example 1 Example 1 was repeated, but omitting the ethoxyla ted fatty alcohol. The following components were thus mixed:
80.00% by weight of 1,2-propylene glycol 0.050 by Weight of benzotriazole 0.25% by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate from Example 1 0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 19.685% by weight of water.
' CA 02133372 2002-10-09 Testing of the composition of pH 9 was carried out as in Example l:
Comparison Test 1 Test 2 Example 1 concentrated 5 minutes 25 minutes 50 . 50 3 minutes 20 minutes Example 2 In this example according to the invention, the following components were mixed:
90.000 by weight of diethylene glycol 0.040 by weight of benzotriazole 0.25% by weight of alkylbenzenesulf onate from Example 1 0 . 2 0 % by weight of C12/Ci4' fatty alcohol ethoxylated with 2 mol of ethylene oxide 0.0150 by weight of potassium hydroxide 9.495% by weight of water.
Testing of the composition of pH 9 was carried out as in Example 1:
Example 2 Test 1 Tes t 2 concentrated 11 minutes greater than 180 minutes 50 . 50 5 minutes greater than 60 minutes Comparison Example 2 Example 2 was repeated, but omitting the ethoxylated fatty alcohol. The following components wer a thus mixed:
90.00% by weight of diethylene glycol 0.040 by weight of benzotriazole 0.250 by weight of alkylbenzenesulf onate from Example I
0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 9 . 6 9 5 o by weight of water .
' CA 02133372 2002-10-09 _ g _ Testing of the composition of pH 9 was carried out as in Example 1:
Comparison Test 1 Test 2 Example 2 concentrated 4 minutes 45 minutes 50 . 50 3 minutes 23 minutes Example 3 A de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention was prepared by mixing the following components:
90.00% by weight of diethylene glycol 0.04% by weight of benzotriazole 0.250 by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate from Example 1 0.400 by weight of tallow fatty alcohol ethoxylated with 8 mol of ethylene oxide 0.0150 by weight of potassium hydroxide 9 . 2 95 % by weight of water .
This de-icing composition has a pH of 9. It was tested only by the more important Test 1:
. Example 3 Test 1 concentrated 16 minutes 50 . 50 4 minutes Example 4 In this example according to the invention, the following components were mixed:
90.00% by weight of diethylene glycol 0.04% by weight of benzotriazole 0.250 by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate from Example 1 0.40% by weight of coconut fatty alcoho 1 ethoxylated 1~ -with 5 mol of ethylene oxide 0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 9 .295 o by weight of water.
This de-icing composition has a pH of 9. It was tested only by the more important Test l:
Example 4 Test 1 concentrated 17 minutes 50 . 50 4 minutes
The pH of AEA Type I de-icing liquids should be 6.5 to 10, preferably 7 to 9. If the liquid according to the invention does not in any case have such a value, it can easily be established by suitable pH regulators. In general, it will be necessary to add a basic compound to the liquid. Suitable basic compounds are those from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, such as NaOH
and KOH, alkylamines, such as butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine and isononylamine, and alkanolamines, such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine. The alkali metal hydrox-ides are preferred.
The de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention are prepared by mixing the individual (known and commercially obtainable) components together in any desired sequence, which can be carried out, for example, in a tank fitted with a stirrer.
The de-icing composition according to the invention has all the advantages of non-thickened de-icing liquids, and moreover has a holdover time which is considerably above the value required of AEA Type I liquids. It thus combines both the advantages of nonthickened and those of thickened liquids. This is an unexpected result. Until recently, experts in fact evidently assumed that a longer holdover time in liquids based on glycols and water can be achieved only with the aid of thickeners.
When used for de-icing and preserving the aircraft surfaces to be treated, the de-icing composition is employed either as such, that is to say in concentrated form, or as a dilution with water, preferably in a ratio of 1 . 1. The de-icing agent can be applied to the surfaces to be treated by spraying on with the customary equipment, such as spray cans and the like.
-The invention will now be illustrated in more detail by examples and comparison examples.
Example 1 A de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention was prepared by mixing the following components (concentrate):
80.00 by weight of 1,2-propylene glycol 0.05% by weight of benzotriazole 0.25% by weight of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate having an average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of 15 0.200 by weight of C1z/Ci4-fatty alcohol ethoxyla ted with 2 mol of ethylene oxide 0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 19.485% by weight of water.
This de-icing composition has a pH of 9. The holdover time was determined by the "AEA Water Spray Endurance Test" (Test 1) and by the "AEA High Humidity Endurance Test" (Test 2), and in particular for the concentrated formulation and the formulation diluted 1 . 1 with water.
The values are summarized below:
Example 1 Test 1 Test 2 concentrated 12 minutes greater than 180 minutes 50 . 50 7 minutes greater than 50 minutes Comparison Example 1 Example 1 was repeated, but omitting the ethoxyla ted fatty alcohol. The following components were thus mixed:
80.00% by weight of 1,2-propylene glycol 0.050 by Weight of benzotriazole 0.25% by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate from Example 1 0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 19.685% by weight of water.
' CA 02133372 2002-10-09 Testing of the composition of pH 9 was carried out as in Example l:
Comparison Test 1 Test 2 Example 1 concentrated 5 minutes 25 minutes 50 . 50 3 minutes 20 minutes Example 2 In this example according to the invention, the following components were mixed:
90.000 by weight of diethylene glycol 0.040 by weight of benzotriazole 0.25% by weight of alkylbenzenesulf onate from Example 1 0 . 2 0 % by weight of C12/Ci4' fatty alcohol ethoxylated with 2 mol of ethylene oxide 0.0150 by weight of potassium hydroxide 9.495% by weight of water.
Testing of the composition of pH 9 was carried out as in Example 1:
Example 2 Test 1 Tes t 2 concentrated 11 minutes greater than 180 minutes 50 . 50 5 minutes greater than 60 minutes Comparison Example 2 Example 2 was repeated, but omitting the ethoxylated fatty alcohol. The following components wer a thus mixed:
90.00% by weight of diethylene glycol 0.040 by weight of benzotriazole 0.250 by weight of alkylbenzenesulf onate from Example I
0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 9 . 6 9 5 o by weight of water .
' CA 02133372 2002-10-09 _ g _ Testing of the composition of pH 9 was carried out as in Example 1:
Comparison Test 1 Test 2 Example 2 concentrated 4 minutes 45 minutes 50 . 50 3 minutes 23 minutes Example 3 A de-icing composition and anti-icing composition according to the invention was prepared by mixing the following components:
90.00% by weight of diethylene glycol 0.04% by weight of benzotriazole 0.250 by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate from Example 1 0.400 by weight of tallow fatty alcohol ethoxylated with 8 mol of ethylene oxide 0.0150 by weight of potassium hydroxide 9 . 2 95 % by weight of water .
This de-icing composition has a pH of 9. It was tested only by the more important Test 1:
. Example 3 Test 1 concentrated 16 minutes 50 . 50 4 minutes Example 4 In this example according to the invention, the following components were mixed:
90.00% by weight of diethylene glycol 0.04% by weight of benzotriazole 0.250 by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate from Example 1 0.40% by weight of coconut fatty alcoho 1 ethoxylated 1~ -with 5 mol of ethylene oxide 0.015% by weight of potassium hydroxide 9 .295 o by weight of water.
This de-icing composition has a pH of 9. It was tested only by the more important Test l:
Example 4 Test 1 concentrated 17 minutes 50 . 50 4 minutes
Claims (9)
1. A de-icing and anti-icing composition for aircraft which is based on glycols and water and comprises essentially a) 60 to 97% by weight of at least one glycol from the group consisting of alkylene glycols having
2 to 3 carbon atoms and oxyalkylene glycols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, b) 0.01 to to by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty alcohols and fatty alcohols which are alkoxylated with a low molecular weight alkoxide and have 1 to 10 alkoxide units, c) 0.01 to 0.8% by weight of at least one corrosion inhibitor and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight, the percentages by weight being based on the weight of the composition.
2. A composition as claimed in claim 1, comprising essentially a) 60 to 97% by weight of at least one glycol from the group consisting of alkylene glycols having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and oxyalkylene glycols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, b) 0.01 to to by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty alcohols and fatty alcohols which are alkoxyl-ated with a low molecular weight alkoxide and have 1 to 10 alkoxide units, b') 0.01 to 1% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant from the group consisting of alkali metal alkylarylsulfonates, c) 0.01 to 0.8% by weight of at least one corro-sion inhibitor and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight.
2. A composition as claimed in claim 1, comprising essentially a) 60 to 97% by weight of at least one glycol from the group consisting of alkylene glycols having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and oxyalkylene glycols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, b) 0.01 to to by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of fatty alcohols and fatty alcohols which are alkoxyl-ated with a low molecular weight alkoxide and have 1 to 10 alkoxide units, b') 0.01 to 1% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant from the group consisting of alkali metal alkylarylsulfonates, c) 0.01 to 0.8% by weight of at least one corro-sion inhibitor and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1, which comprises components a) to d) in the amounts stated below:
a) 80 to 95% by weight, b) 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, c) 0.03 to 0.5% by weight and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight.
a) 80 to 95% by weight, b) 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, c) 0.03 to 0.5% by weight and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight.
4. A composition as claimed in claim 2, which comprises components a) to d) in the amounts stated below:
a) 80 to 95% by weight, b) 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, b') 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, c) 0.03 to 0.5% by weight and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight.
a) 80 to 95% by weight, b) 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, b') 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, c) 0.03 to 0.5% by weight and d) water as the remainder to make up 100% by weight.
5. A composition as claimed in claim 2 or 4, wherein component b') is an anionic surfactant from the group consisting of alkali metal alkylbenzenesulfon-ates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
6. A composition as claimed in claims 1 to 5, wherein component b) is a nonionic surfactant from the group consisting of C8 to C18-fatty alcohols and C8 to C18-fatty alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 8 ethylene oxide units.
7. A composition as claimed in claims 1 to 6, wherein component c) is a corrosion inhibitor from the group consisting of alkali metal phosphates, lower alkyl phosphates, imidazoles and triazoles.
8. A composition as claimed in claims 1 to 7, which has a pH of 7 to 9.
9. A process for removing ice or preventing the formation of ice on aircraft comprising the application of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, to an aircraft surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4333646.9 | 1993-10-02 | ||
| DE4333646A DE4333646A1 (en) | 1993-10-02 | 1993-10-02 | De-icing and anti-icing agents for aircraft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2133372A1 CA2133372A1 (en) | 1995-04-03 |
| CA2133372C true CA2133372C (en) | 2003-03-25 |
Family
ID=6499271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002133372A Expired - Lifetime CA2133372C (en) | 1993-10-02 | 1994-09-30 | De-icing composition and anti-icing composition for aircraft |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0646634B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3959126B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE170209T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2133372C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ287716B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4333646A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0646634T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI111548B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU214225B (en) |
| IS (1) | IS1863B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO314312B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL175400B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2141990C1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK116994A3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7875202B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2011-01-25 | Kilfrost Limited | Aircraft de-/anti-icer |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4923814A (en) * | 1986-05-09 | 1990-05-08 | Electropore, Inc. | High speed, high power apparatus for vesicle prealignment, poration, loading and fusion in uniform electric fields and method therefor |
| EP0805843A1 (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1997-11-12 | National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Anti-icing fluid or deicing fluid |
| DE19816796A1 (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-21 | Clariant Gmbh | Anti-icing agents for aircraft |
| US7169321B2 (en) | 2002-10-28 | 2007-01-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Biobased deicing/anti-icing fluids |
| US7105105B2 (en) | 2002-10-28 | 2006-09-12 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Deicing/anti-icing fluids |
| WO2006106663A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-12 | Nof Corporation | Frost-preventive composition |
| WO2011103295A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-25 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Compositions for deicing/anti-icing |
| US9243176B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2016-01-26 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Compositions for deicing/anti-icing |
| US9080092B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2015-07-14 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Compositions for deicing/anti-icing |
| RU2525553C1 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-08-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АВИАФЛЮИД Интернешнл" | Method of step-by-step obtaining composition of thickener of anti-icing liquid and thickener composition |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4585571A (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-04-29 | Michael A. Bloom | Deicing compositions |
| US5968407A (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 1999-10-19 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Aircraft deicing fluid with improved anti-icing and ice adhesion control properties |
-
1993
- 1993-10-02 DE DE4333646A patent/DE4333646A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-09-24 EP EP94115072A patent/EP0646634B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-24 AT AT94115072T patent/ATE170209T1/en active
- 1994-09-24 DK DK94115072T patent/DK0646634T3/en active
- 1994-09-24 DE DE59406765T patent/DE59406765D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-28 SK SK1169-94A patent/SK116994A3/en unknown
- 1994-09-29 IS IS4216A patent/IS1863B/en unknown
- 1994-09-29 FI FI944527A patent/FI111548B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-30 JP JP23754994A patent/JP3959126B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-30 CZ CZ19942405A patent/CZ287716B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-30 RU RU94035992/04A patent/RU2141990C1/en active
- 1994-09-30 CA CA002133372A patent/CA2133372C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-30 PL PL94305262A patent/PL175400B1/en unknown
- 1994-09-30 HU HU9402812A patent/HU214225B/en unknown
- 1994-09-30 NO NO19943643A patent/NO314312B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7875202B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2011-01-25 | Kilfrost Limited | Aircraft de-/anti-icer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI944527A0 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
| HU9402812D0 (en) | 1995-01-30 |
| FI111548B (en) | 2003-08-15 |
| PL305262A1 (en) | 1995-04-03 |
| JP3959126B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| FI944527A (en) | 1995-04-03 |
| HU214225B (en) | 1998-01-28 |
| EP0646634B1 (en) | 1998-08-26 |
| DE4333646A1 (en) | 1995-04-06 |
| JPH07166158A (en) | 1995-06-27 |
| NO314312B1 (en) | 2003-03-03 |
| RU2141990C1 (en) | 1999-11-27 |
| DE59406765D1 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
| HUT68287A (en) | 1995-06-28 |
| EP0646634A1 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
| NO943643D0 (en) | 1994-09-30 |
| CA2133372A1 (en) | 1995-04-03 |
| PL175400B1 (en) | 1998-12-31 |
| IS4216A (en) | 1995-04-03 |
| RU94035992A (en) | 1996-07-20 |
| ATE170209T1 (en) | 1998-09-15 |
| IS1863B (en) | 2003-04-15 |
| NO943643L (en) | 1995-04-03 |
| CZ240594A3 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| SK116994A3 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| DK0646634T3 (en) | 1999-05-25 |
| CZ287716B6 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20140930 |