CA2121539A1 - Dual disintegration shaft comminuting machine - Google Patents
Dual disintegration shaft comminuting machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA2121539A1 CA2121539A1 CA 2121539 CA2121539A CA2121539A1 CA 2121539 A1 CA2121539 A1 CA 2121539A1 CA 2121539 CA2121539 CA 2121539 CA 2121539 A CA2121539 A CA 2121539A CA 2121539 A1 CA2121539 A1 CA 2121539A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- comminuting
- disintegrating
- disintegration
- discs
- shafts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
- B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
- B02C18/2275—Feed means using a rotating arm
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
INVENTION: Dual Disintegration Shaft Comminuting Machine INVENTOR: Werner Doppstadt ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The comminuting machine includes two cooperating disintegration shafts which extend parallel to each other and which are journalled for rotation about their axes. Pressure fluid operated drive means are drivingly connected to the disintegration shafts. A plural number of disintegrating discs are mounted at each disintegration shaft in a mutually axially spaced relationship and the disintegrating discs at the two shafts are axially offset from each other. The disintegrating shafts are supported at a support frame which, in turn, is mounted at a wheel supported chassis. Pressing bodies are pivotable between an inoperative position within respective side walls of an infeed hoppper and an operative position in which the pressing bodies act upon infed material to urge the same toward the disintegration shafts.
The comminuting machine includes two cooperating disintegration shafts which extend parallel to each other and which are journalled for rotation about their axes. Pressure fluid operated drive means are drivingly connected to the disintegration shafts. A plural number of disintegrating discs are mounted at each disintegration shaft in a mutually axially spaced relationship and the disintegrating discs at the two shafts are axially offset from each other. The disintegrating shafts are supported at a support frame which, in turn, is mounted at a wheel supported chassis. Pressing bodies are pivotable between an inoperative position within respective side walls of an infeed hoppper and an operative position in which the pressing bodies act upon infed material to urge the same toward the disintegration shafts.
Description
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CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is related to my copending United States Patent Application Serial No. .... ..., filed ...... ., entitled "Mobile Machine Containing Displaceably Mounted Power Unit Or Power Unit Components", United States Patent Application Serial No. ........ , filed ....... , entitled "Mobile Material Processing Machine With Tandem Axle", United States Patent Application Serial No. ........... , filed ......... , entitled "Conveying System For Mobile Processing Machine", and United States Patent Application Serial No. ......... , filed ....... , and entitled "Control System For Operating A Comminuting Machine".
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine.
In its more particular aspects, the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine generally including an infeed hopper and comminuting means arranged below the infeed hopper.
It is known in the art to employ two cooperating disintegrating shafts in such comminuting machine and provide the disintegrating shafts with cutting discs which are axially spaced from each other and which have, for example, three cutting members protruding from their circumference. During rotation of the disintegrating ~hafts, the cutting members of the shafts act upon the material infed into the infeed hopper and cut the same into pieces.
It has been found that the disintegrating effect on the infed material is insufficient when the disintegration shafts are provided with such known cutting discs.
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CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is related to my copending United States Patent Application Serial No. .... ..., filed ...... ., entitled "Mobile Machine Containing Displaceably Mounted Power Unit Or Power Unit Components", United States Patent Application Serial No. ........ , filed ....... , entitled "Mobile Material Processing Machine With Tandem Axle", United States Patent Application Serial No. ........... , filed ......... , entitled "Conveying System For Mobile Processing Machine", and United States Patent Application Serial No. ......... , filed ....... , and entitled "Control System For Operating A Comminuting Machine".
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine.
In its more particular aspects, the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine generally including an infeed hopper and comminuting means arranged below the infeed hopper.
It is known in the art to employ two cooperating disintegrating shafts in such comminuting machine and provide the disintegrating shafts with cutting discs which are axially spaced from each other and which have, for example, three cutting members protruding from their circumference. During rotation of the disintegrating ~hafts, the cutting members of the shafts act upon the material infed into the infeed hopper and cut the same into pieces.
It has been found that the disintegrating effect on the infed material is insufficient when the disintegration shafts are provided with such known cutting discs.
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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, with the foregoing in mind, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine which is not afflicted with the drawbacks and limitations of the prior art constructions heretofore discussed.
Another and more specific object of the present invention is directed to a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine having improved comminuting efficiency.
It is an important object of the present invention to provide a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine which contains disintegrating members increasing the comminuting efficiency.
A further significant object of the present resides in providing a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine which has improved infeed means for infeeding the material to be comminuted to the comminuting means.
Now, in order to implement these and still further ob~ects of the invention, which will become more apparent as the description proceeds, the comminuting machine of the present development is manifested by the features that, among other things, each disintegrating member at the disintegration shafts forms in circumferential sequence at least one lacerating or cutting member and a sequence of bulging members which perform a crushing and/or cutting action. In this construction, the di8integrating members facing each other at the two cooperating di8integrating shafts assume a relationship such that a piece of infed material which is broken off by the lacerating or cutting member, subsequently is crushed and/or cut between the cooperating bulging members and thereby very effectively comminuted into comparatively , .. . .
.. . .
, 2~2~ ~39 small pieces which pass through between the disintegrating discs.
Advantageously, at least one pressing body of substantially cylindrical sector shape is disposed in a respective side wall of the infeed hopper and connected to actuator means for pivoting the pressing body into an operative position in which a pressing plate of the pressing body urges the infed material toward the disintegration shafts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes references to the annexed drawings wherein the same or analogous components are designated by the same reference characters and wherein:
Figure 1 i8 a ~ide view of an exemplary embodiment of the inventive comminuting machine;
Figure 2 is a partially sectional rear view of the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1;
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Figure 3 i8 a side view illustrating the cooperation between disintegrating di~cs mounted at cooperating disintegration shafts of the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a detailed rear view of a fir~t conveyor in the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 2;
Figure 5 is a view into an open side of a pressing body used in the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1;
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Figure 6 is a front view of the pressing body as shown in Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a view of a link connection provided between conveyor sections of a second conveyor in the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1; and Figure 8 is a schematic top plan view of the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Describing now the drawings, it is to be understood that only enough of the construction of the comminuting machine has been shown as needed for those skilled in the art the readily understand the underlying principles and concepts of the present d~velopment while simplifying the showing of the drawing. While the illustrated exemplary embodiment is concerned with a mobile comminuting machine including a wheel-supported chassis, it will be understood that the inventive construction is not limited to mobile comminuting machines but can also be realized in stationary comminuting machines.
Turning attention now to Figure 1, there has been shown a side view of an exemplary embodiment of the inventive comminuting machine which is mounted at a wheel-supported chassis 10. The chassis 10 defines a front end 11 which is provided with coupling means 13 of conventional construction for connection to a towing vehicle like a tractor or truck, and a rear end 14 of the comminuting machine. During operation of the comminuting machine, the front end 11 of the chas~is 10 is supported on ground by means of a standard 8 which is removed for travel of the comminuting machine between different working locations. For wheel support, a rear half of the chassis 10 is connected to a tandem axle carriage 12, preferably in a lengthwisely adjustable manner of the type as ~'~
2 1 2 ~ ~i '? r~(i described in the second initially cross-referenced United States patent application the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
The front end 11 of the chassis 10 carries a power unit 1 for driving the comminuting machine above the tandem axle carriage 12. The power unit 1 is of conventional construction and will be described further hereinbelow with reference to Figure 8.
The actual comminuting means 15 is secured to a support frame 16 which is mounted at the chassis 10. As will be evident from Figure 2, which is a partially sectional view of the comminuting machine from its rear end 14, the comminuting means 15 encompasses two disintegration shafts 17 and 19 which cooperate by defining respective overlapping cylindrical areas 18 and 20 of action. The disintegration shafts 17,19 are driven by respective pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 which are drivingly connected to the aforementioned power unit 1. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 are coupled to opposite ends of the respective disintegration shafts 17,19, however, in a preferred embodiment, the pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 are arranged in juxtaposition and coupled to respective front ends of the disintegration shafts 17,19.
The comminuting means 15 specifically comprise a plural number of disintegrating discs 23 exchangeably mounted at each one of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19. The disintegrating discs 23 are substantially identically constructed and, therefore, it will be sufficient to describe only one of the disintegrating discs 23 shown in Figure 3. The disintegrating disc 23 has as its base a wear resistant, high strength metal disc which defines an aperture 24 of a contour corresponding to that of the disintegration shaft for receiving the respective disintegration shaft 17 or 19, as the case may be, ~1%~
and a circumference 25. Protruding from the circumference 25 is a circumferential sequence of a multitude of disintegrating members, namely at least one lacerating member 27 and a plural number of protruding rounded bulges 26 in a sequence which extends along a predetermined part of the circumference 25, preferably in the range of one half to three quarters, i.e. in the range of 180 to 270 degrees of the circumference 25. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a single lacerating member 27 is disposed between the ends of the bulge sequence, preferably, as illustrated, close to one end of the sequence of bulges 26. The lacerating member 27 has a base 28 which is securely affixed such as by welding to the circumference 25, and has a generally arcuate shape which protrudes fxom the circumference 25 and ends in a sharp lacerating edge 29 from which the lacerating member 27 recedes toward the circumference 25 and defines a recess 30.
Each disintegrating ~haft 17,19 i9 provided with a plural number of such disintegrating discs 23 which are exchangeably mounted thereat at a predetermined spacing by means of spacer rings (not shown) between adjacent pairs of disintegrating discs 23. The spacer rings are of substantially circular shape and have a smaller diameter than the disintegrating discs 23 such that the spacer rings do not interfere with the cooperation between the disintegrating discs 23 of the ad~acent disintegration shafts 17,19. The thickness of the spacer rings which determines the number of disintegrating discs 23 mounted at the disintegration shafts 17,19, is dependent upon the type of material to be comminuted. For example, for comminuting wood material the spacer rings may have a thickness which is greater than that used in the case of pla8tic material. In the latter case, the disintegrating disc~ 23 are mounted with les~ space therebetween and the laterally overlapping lacerating members 27 and rounded bulge~
26 of the adjacent disintegrating shafts 17,19 perform more of a cutting action.
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The plural number of disintegrating discs 23 is mounted at the respective disintegration shafts 17,19 in a manner such that the lacerating members 27 are circumferentially offset from each other by by a predetermined angle, preferably by 30 degrees. As indicated in Figure 3, the disintegrating discs 23 are mounted at the adjacent disintegration shafts 17 and 19 in a manner such that the disintegrating discs 23 on one of the two shafts have a staggered relationship to the disintegrating discs 23 mounted at the respective other one of the two disintegrating shafts. In other words, the disintegrating discs 23 mounted at one of the two shafts are aligned to the spacer rings at the other one of the two shafts. This ensures that the lacerating members 27 and the rounded bulges 26 do not interfere with each other during rotation of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 but are arranged at a partial lateral overlap of the type which is indicated in Figure 3 and which re~ults in a further comminuting action.
The disintegrating discs 23 and the spacer rings are exchangeably mounted at the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 in conventional manner by placing the same in alternating manner from one end onto the disintegration shafts which are supported in position at the comminuting machine. After placement of the disintegrating discs 23 and spacer rings, a conventional shaft nut is threaded onto the free ends of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 whereby the disintegrating discs and spacer rings are tightened together. The exact alignment on the disintegration shafts 17,19 is favorably affected by a polygonal, preferably hexagonal cross-section of these shafts and the apertura 24 of the disintegrating discs 23.
During operation of the comminuting machine, the lacerating members 27 act upon coarse infed material or larger pieces thereof to comminute the infed material by breaking off pieces therefrom and thereby whittling the same down to smaller size. The rounded bulges 26 actually fulfill two main ,: . . , ' ' ' ' 2~2~
functions: (i) firstly, by acting upon the infed material during rotation of the disintegration shafts 17,19, such material is forced toward the nip which is defined by the two disintegrating shafts 17,19. Thus, the infed material is very effectively prevented from bouncing off the surface formed by the substantially cylindrical areas 18 and 20 of action defined by the disintegrating discs 23. (ii) Secondly, and due to the partial lateral overlap between axially adjacent ones of the rounded bulges 26, the infed material and particularly the smaller pieces thereof and/or the smaller pieces present as a result of the lacerating action of the lacerating members 27, are forced into the aforementioned nip and become crushed or cut between the cooperating axially adjacent rounded bulges 26. This results in a highly effective further comminuting process and, at the same time, assists in forcing the infed material through the comminuting means 15.
Further supported at the support frame 16 is an infeed hopper 31 which has a front wall 32, a rear wall 33 and two opposite side walls 34 and 35. All of the aforenoted walls extend at a non-vertical inclination toward the comminuting means 15.
A first conveyor 36 is disposed below the comminuting means 14 and extends in the lengthwise direction of the chassis 10. The first conveyor 36 is constructed substantially in the manner of a conventional band or belt conveyor of which the conveying band or belt 37 and a deflection roll 38 are schematically indicated in Figure 2. ~oth ends of the deflection roll 38 are journalled in bearings 39. A drive roll ~not shown) is placed at the other end of the first conveyor and drivingly connected to, ~or example, a pressure fluid operated drive motor which may be constructed as a conventional flange motor and which is not shown in the drawing for reasons of clarity. The drive motor is drivingly connected to the aforementioned power unit 1. The first conveyor 36 receives comminuted material which has passed 2~2~
through the comminuting means 15, and conveys the throughpassed material to a second or rear conveyor 59 to be described further hereinbelow.
Instead of the the construction as a band or belt conveyor, the first conveyor 36 may also be constructed in the manner of a conventional scraper conveyor. Such scraper conveyor receives the comminuted material and comprises a plate extending the conveying length. A chain drive contains two chains extending along opposite lateral sides of ~he plate and carrying transverse ledges which extend across the plate and scrape the comminuted material along the plate during operation of the chain drive.
The first conveyor 36 is mounted at the chassis 10 by means of frame members 40 which extend alongside the first conveyor 36 and which have an inverted U-shape. The frame members 40 are secured to the support frame 16 on an underside thereof. The frame members 40 accommodate suspension spring assemblies one of which is schematically indicated by the block 41 and which bear at respective tandem axles of the tandem axial carriage 12 by means of respective support blocks 42. The rear axle of the tandem axle carriage 12 is shown in broken lines in Figure 2 of the drawing.
As schematically illustrated in Figure 4, the first conveyor 36 is part of an assembly including carriers 43 which extend along both opposite lateral sides of the first conveyor 36. Each one of the carriers 43 is provided with a bent-off carrier member 44 which is slidably held between retainer members 45 and 46 which protrude toward the carrier member 44.
The lower retainer member 45 is formed by a guide rail affixed to an inner leg 47 of the U-shaped frame member 40. The upper retainer member 46 is in the form of a guide member mounted at the support frame 16. The retainer member 46 also has a guide surface 48 cooperating with a guide surface 49 at the carrier 43 in order to guide the comminuted material passing through '. ' ' ~ ,~ ; ;
~' 21 2~ 3 the comminuting means 15 toward the first conveyor 36. The rear ends of the bent-off carrier members 44 are affixed to the support frame 16 by conventional securing means such as respective bolts and linchpins (not shown). After releasing the linchpins and withdrawing the bolts, the first conveyor 36 can be removed from the support frame 16 by rearwardly sliding the same between the retainer members 45 and 46. Thereby, the underside of the comminuting machine as well as the first conveyor 36 become readily accessible for inspection and, if need be, maintenance and repair. Also, the arrangement of the first conveyor 36 below the support frame 16 is a space and height saving arrangement.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the comminuting machine further includes at least one pressing body which, if required, can be pivoted to act upon infed material to be comminutqd and urge the same into comminuting contact with the disintegration shafts 17,19.
The pressing body 50 i9 pivotably mounted by means of a pivot shaft 51 which, in turn, is pivotably mounted in slide bearings 52 provided at the upper part of the support frame 16, ~ee Figure 1. Specifically, the rear slide bearing 52 has a divided construction in which an upper part of the slide bearing 52 can be removed, for example, by unscrewing a fastening srew. After removal of this upper bearing part, the entire pressing body 50 can be removed by sliding the same in the rearward direction for release from the front slide bearing 52 and by laterally removing the same from the support frame 16. The associated side wall 35 of the infeed hopper 31 iq provided with an aperture 53 for receiving the pressing body 50 in it~ inoperative or retracted po~ltion.
The pressing body 50 is constructed from a plural number of reinforcing discs 54 which are firmly secured such as by welding to the pivot shaft 51, see Figure 5. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, six such reinforcing discs .
2 ~ e ~ ~ O3 53 are provided and have a substantially circular sector shape. The reinforcing discs 54 are fixedly connected such as by welding to a shell plate 55 substantially along their entire circumference so that the pressing body 50 actually assumes the shape of a hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body. The entire side facing the comminuting means 15, is covered by a cover or pressing plate 56 which is affixed such as by welding to the respective edge of the shell plate 55, the edges of the reinforcing discs 54 and the pivot shaft 51. In this manner, there is formed the pressing body 50 which is closed on the side facing the material to be comminuted and which can be pressed thereupon.
The intermediate reinforcing discs 54 are pairwisely arranged and provided with mounting means 57 for connection to an actuator 5a as shown in Figure 2 and disposed between the reinforcing discs 54 of the respective pair. The actuator 58 of the illustrated exemplary embodiment is constructed as a conventional pressure fluid operated cylinder-piston unit which is powered by means of the power unit 1. The cylinder is linked to the support frame 16 whereas the piston is linked to the mounting means 57 of the reinforcing discs 54.
Consequently, the pressing body 50 assumes an inoperative or retracted position when the piston is retracted, and an operative or pressing position when the piston is extended.
Power is stepwisely applied such that, at relatively low power, the pivoting movement is carried out whereas, in the operative position, relatively high power can be applied in order to exert a pressing action on the infed material by means of the pres~ing body 50. As will be apparent from Figure 5, the pressing body 50 is connccted to two actuator~ 58.
The pressing body 50 is constructed in adaptation to the aperture 53 in the associated side wall 35 of the infeed hopper 31. In particular, the pressing body 50 assumes an inoperative or retracted position such that the pressing plate 56 extends in the plane of the side wall 35 and the aperture ~ 212~ ~3~
53 is substantially completely closed. It is thereby ensured that all of the material infed into the infeed hopper 31 will be directed to the comminuting means 15 and no parts or pieces of the material are allowed to exit from the infeed hopper 31 other than through the comminuting means 15.
In the illustrated preferred embodiment, two substantially identical pressing bodies 50, which are of basically the same construction as described hereinbefore, are placed in a mirror-image relationship in respective apertures 53 in the opposite side walls 34 and 35 of the infeed hopper 31. As explained hereinbefore, the pressing plates 56 are flush with the respective side walls 34 and 35 in the inoperative or retracted position of the pressing bodies 50.
In the operative position, the pressing plates 56 extend across the comminuting means 15 close toward each other, as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawing by broken lines.
A second conveyor 59 constituting, for example, likewise a band or belt conveyor, is mounted at the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine, see Figure 1. The arrangement is such that the second conveyor 59 cooperates with the first conveyor 36 for receiving comminuted material therefrom and further conveying the same. The ~econd conveyor 59 includes a first conveyor section 60 and a second conveyor section 61 which are ~nterconnected by a link or hinge connection 62 which is illustrated in detail in Figure 7 in an expanded condition.
The first conveyor section 60 is provided with bushes 63 at the four corners or along top and bottom rims of its end 64 which i8 remote from the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine. The bushes 63 protrude from this end 64. The second conveyor section 61 has an end 65 facing the end 64 of the first conveyor seCtion 60. This end 65 is provided with a substantially circular disc 66 on one of its lateral sides and a disc 67 of substantially semicircular shape on the opposite lateral side. The discs 66 and 67 are provided with aligned .. . .
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throughbores 68. The ends 64,65 of the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 are linked to each other by placing the bushes 63 of the end 64 of the first conveyor section 60 in between the discs 66 and 67 of the end 65 of the second conveyor section 61, particularly in a manner such that the bushes 63 are aligned with the throughbores 68. Then, conventional locking means such as, for example, bolts and associated linchpins are employed to lock the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 to each other. To this end, the bolts are passed through the bushes 63 and the aligned throughbores 68 and locked by the linchpins. In this condition, the mutually facing ends 64,65 of the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 are locked to each other in a manner such that the second conveyor section 61 extends substantially in straight continuation of the first conveyor section 60. If the linchpin is removed from the bolt which extends through the upper bushes 63 and throughbores 68, and the bolt is also removed, then, the two conveyor sections 60,61 remain linked to each other merely by the bolt extending through the lower bushes 63 and throughbores 68.
Furthermore, the second conveyor section 61 contains a cable mount 69 from which a cable or rope 70 or the like extends and is fixed to the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine at a further cable mount 71. The cable or rope 70 is guided along a guide surface provided at the circumference of the circular disc 66. The cable or rope 70 exerts a pull on the end 65 of the second conveyor section 61 so as to ensure, in addition to the locked link connection 62, the aforementioned position of this conveyor section 61 in substantially straight continuation of the first conveyor section.
The receiving end 73 of the second conveyor 59 is mounted at the bottom of the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine.
To this end, a link 74 is linked to a link carrier 75 at the rear end 14. Actuator means 76 includes a pressure fluid - - ,:, . . .
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operated cylinder-piston unit. The cylinder of the actuator means 76 is linked to a cylinder carrier 77 which is secured to the bottom of the chassis 10. The piston of the actuator means 76 is linked to the free end of the link 74. The purpose of this arrangement is as follows:
During operation of the comminuting machine, the second conveyor 59 assumes the operative or extended position which is illustrated in Figure 1. In this position, the two conveyor sections 60 and 61 follow each other and extend substantially in straight continuation at an upward inclination from the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine. It would be undesirable to leave the second conveyor 59 in this operative, extended position during travel of the comminuting machine from one working location to another. Therefore, the second conveyor 59 is constructed such that the conveyor sections 60 and 61 can be folded into an inoperative, folded position as indicated by broken lines in Figure 1.
In order to place the second conveyor 59 into the inoperative, folded condition, the upper bolt and linch pin of are removed from the link connection 62. The second conveyor section 61 i9, then, subject to the action of gravity but held in position due to the tensioned cable 70. When, now, the actuator means 76 i8 actuated by extending the piston and thereby pivoting the link 74 upwardly toward the position as shown by broken lines, the tension of the cable 70 is reduced and the second conveyor section 61 is permitted to pivot in a downward direction. During further extension of the piston and the resultlng further pivoting movement, part of the cable 70 is "wound up" on the cable guide surface provided at the clrcular di~c 66 and the second conveyor sectlon 61 is permitted to pivot further downward while the fir~t conveyor section 60 continues to be upwardly pivoted. At the end of the movement, the two conveyor sections 60 and 61 of the second conveyor 59 are located parallel to each other and the rear end 14, i.e. depend substantially vertically in an arrangement , ~ ' '; ', ' ,' ,,' ,' ', ~'' .' : , : : ': " .: , .
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in which the first conveyor section 60 extends upwardly and the second conveyor section 61 extends downwardly. The dimensions of the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 are selected such that their extended length satisfies the operating requirements while their folded condition satisfies existing traffic regulations.
For returning the second conveyor 59 into the operating condition, the aforenoted sequence of movements is reversed which is effected by retracting the piston of the actuator means 76.
According to the schematic top plan view of Figure 8, the power unit 1 comprises a prime mover 78 like a diesel engine or an electric motor, if the comminuting machine is exclusively used in places where electric power is available, and a pressure fluid main pump 79 like, for example, an axial piston pump for powering the various pressure fluid operated components of the comminuting machine. The pressure fluid main pump 79 is coupled to the prime mover 78 by conventional coupling means (not shown) capable of compensating for rotational and axial offsets. A cooler 80 i9 pivotably connected to the prime mover 79 by means of a hinge connection 81. More specifically, the power unit 1 preferably may be constructed in the manner of the power unit as disclosed in the first initially mentioned cross-referenced United States Patent Application the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Furthermore, preferably two pressure fluid main pumps 79 of the same type, namely axial piston pumps, are drivingly connected to respective drive motors 21 and 22 driving the front ends of the respective disintegration shafts 17 and 19.
Also powered thereby are the other pressure fluid operated drive motors which drive the first and second conveyors 36 and 59, and the actuator means 58 and 76 which respectively act upon pressing bodies 50 and the second conveyor 59, present in . .
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the comminuting machine. This arrangement has the advantage that the pressure fluid main pumps 79 as well as the pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 can be arranged conjointly in a readily accessible part of the comminuting machine.
It should be noted that the two disintegration shafts 17 and 19 are independently driven and thus may rotate at different rotational speeds. Also, in the case of an overload, one or both of the two disintegration shafts 17,19 may even be reversed so as to thereby clear the nip defined by the two disintegration shafts 17,19 from infed material and subject the same to further comminution upon return of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 to the original rotational directions.
While there are shown and described present preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims. Accordingly,
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, with the foregoing in mind, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine which is not afflicted with the drawbacks and limitations of the prior art constructions heretofore discussed.
Another and more specific object of the present invention is directed to a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine having improved comminuting efficiency.
It is an important object of the present invention to provide a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine which contains disintegrating members increasing the comminuting efficiency.
A further significant object of the present resides in providing a new and improved construction of a comminuting machine which has improved infeed means for infeeding the material to be comminuted to the comminuting means.
Now, in order to implement these and still further ob~ects of the invention, which will become more apparent as the description proceeds, the comminuting machine of the present development is manifested by the features that, among other things, each disintegrating member at the disintegration shafts forms in circumferential sequence at least one lacerating or cutting member and a sequence of bulging members which perform a crushing and/or cutting action. In this construction, the di8integrating members facing each other at the two cooperating di8integrating shafts assume a relationship such that a piece of infed material which is broken off by the lacerating or cutting member, subsequently is crushed and/or cut between the cooperating bulging members and thereby very effectively comminuted into comparatively , .. . .
.. . .
, 2~2~ ~39 small pieces which pass through between the disintegrating discs.
Advantageously, at least one pressing body of substantially cylindrical sector shape is disposed in a respective side wall of the infeed hopper and connected to actuator means for pivoting the pressing body into an operative position in which a pressing plate of the pressing body urges the infed material toward the disintegration shafts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes references to the annexed drawings wherein the same or analogous components are designated by the same reference characters and wherein:
Figure 1 i8 a ~ide view of an exemplary embodiment of the inventive comminuting machine;
Figure 2 is a partially sectional rear view of the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1;
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Figure 3 i8 a side view illustrating the cooperation between disintegrating di~cs mounted at cooperating disintegration shafts of the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a detailed rear view of a fir~t conveyor in the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 2;
Figure 5 is a view into an open side of a pressing body used in the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1;
, 2 1 2 L ~ ~ ~
Figure 6 is a front view of the pressing body as shown in Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a view of a link connection provided between conveyor sections of a second conveyor in the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1; and Figure 8 is a schematic top plan view of the comminuting machine as shown in Figure 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Describing now the drawings, it is to be understood that only enough of the construction of the comminuting machine has been shown as needed for those skilled in the art the readily understand the underlying principles and concepts of the present d~velopment while simplifying the showing of the drawing. While the illustrated exemplary embodiment is concerned with a mobile comminuting machine including a wheel-supported chassis, it will be understood that the inventive construction is not limited to mobile comminuting machines but can also be realized in stationary comminuting machines.
Turning attention now to Figure 1, there has been shown a side view of an exemplary embodiment of the inventive comminuting machine which is mounted at a wheel-supported chassis 10. The chassis 10 defines a front end 11 which is provided with coupling means 13 of conventional construction for connection to a towing vehicle like a tractor or truck, and a rear end 14 of the comminuting machine. During operation of the comminuting machine, the front end 11 of the chas~is 10 is supported on ground by means of a standard 8 which is removed for travel of the comminuting machine between different working locations. For wheel support, a rear half of the chassis 10 is connected to a tandem axle carriage 12, preferably in a lengthwisely adjustable manner of the type as ~'~
2 1 2 ~ ~i '? r~(i described in the second initially cross-referenced United States patent application the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
The front end 11 of the chassis 10 carries a power unit 1 for driving the comminuting machine above the tandem axle carriage 12. The power unit 1 is of conventional construction and will be described further hereinbelow with reference to Figure 8.
The actual comminuting means 15 is secured to a support frame 16 which is mounted at the chassis 10. As will be evident from Figure 2, which is a partially sectional view of the comminuting machine from its rear end 14, the comminuting means 15 encompasses two disintegration shafts 17 and 19 which cooperate by defining respective overlapping cylindrical areas 18 and 20 of action. The disintegration shafts 17,19 are driven by respective pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 which are drivingly connected to the aforementioned power unit 1. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 are coupled to opposite ends of the respective disintegration shafts 17,19, however, in a preferred embodiment, the pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 are arranged in juxtaposition and coupled to respective front ends of the disintegration shafts 17,19.
The comminuting means 15 specifically comprise a plural number of disintegrating discs 23 exchangeably mounted at each one of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19. The disintegrating discs 23 are substantially identically constructed and, therefore, it will be sufficient to describe only one of the disintegrating discs 23 shown in Figure 3. The disintegrating disc 23 has as its base a wear resistant, high strength metal disc which defines an aperture 24 of a contour corresponding to that of the disintegration shaft for receiving the respective disintegration shaft 17 or 19, as the case may be, ~1%~
and a circumference 25. Protruding from the circumference 25 is a circumferential sequence of a multitude of disintegrating members, namely at least one lacerating member 27 and a plural number of protruding rounded bulges 26 in a sequence which extends along a predetermined part of the circumference 25, preferably in the range of one half to three quarters, i.e. in the range of 180 to 270 degrees of the circumference 25. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a single lacerating member 27 is disposed between the ends of the bulge sequence, preferably, as illustrated, close to one end of the sequence of bulges 26. The lacerating member 27 has a base 28 which is securely affixed such as by welding to the circumference 25, and has a generally arcuate shape which protrudes fxom the circumference 25 and ends in a sharp lacerating edge 29 from which the lacerating member 27 recedes toward the circumference 25 and defines a recess 30.
Each disintegrating ~haft 17,19 i9 provided with a plural number of such disintegrating discs 23 which are exchangeably mounted thereat at a predetermined spacing by means of spacer rings (not shown) between adjacent pairs of disintegrating discs 23. The spacer rings are of substantially circular shape and have a smaller diameter than the disintegrating discs 23 such that the spacer rings do not interfere with the cooperation between the disintegrating discs 23 of the ad~acent disintegration shafts 17,19. The thickness of the spacer rings which determines the number of disintegrating discs 23 mounted at the disintegration shafts 17,19, is dependent upon the type of material to be comminuted. For example, for comminuting wood material the spacer rings may have a thickness which is greater than that used in the case of pla8tic material. In the latter case, the disintegrating disc~ 23 are mounted with les~ space therebetween and the laterally overlapping lacerating members 27 and rounded bulge~
26 of the adjacent disintegrating shafts 17,19 perform more of a cutting action.
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212~
The plural number of disintegrating discs 23 is mounted at the respective disintegration shafts 17,19 in a manner such that the lacerating members 27 are circumferentially offset from each other by by a predetermined angle, preferably by 30 degrees. As indicated in Figure 3, the disintegrating discs 23 are mounted at the adjacent disintegration shafts 17 and 19 in a manner such that the disintegrating discs 23 on one of the two shafts have a staggered relationship to the disintegrating discs 23 mounted at the respective other one of the two disintegrating shafts. In other words, the disintegrating discs 23 mounted at one of the two shafts are aligned to the spacer rings at the other one of the two shafts. This ensures that the lacerating members 27 and the rounded bulges 26 do not interfere with each other during rotation of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 but are arranged at a partial lateral overlap of the type which is indicated in Figure 3 and which re~ults in a further comminuting action.
The disintegrating discs 23 and the spacer rings are exchangeably mounted at the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 in conventional manner by placing the same in alternating manner from one end onto the disintegration shafts which are supported in position at the comminuting machine. After placement of the disintegrating discs 23 and spacer rings, a conventional shaft nut is threaded onto the free ends of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 whereby the disintegrating discs and spacer rings are tightened together. The exact alignment on the disintegration shafts 17,19 is favorably affected by a polygonal, preferably hexagonal cross-section of these shafts and the apertura 24 of the disintegrating discs 23.
During operation of the comminuting machine, the lacerating members 27 act upon coarse infed material or larger pieces thereof to comminute the infed material by breaking off pieces therefrom and thereby whittling the same down to smaller size. The rounded bulges 26 actually fulfill two main ,: . . , ' ' ' ' 2~2~
functions: (i) firstly, by acting upon the infed material during rotation of the disintegration shafts 17,19, such material is forced toward the nip which is defined by the two disintegrating shafts 17,19. Thus, the infed material is very effectively prevented from bouncing off the surface formed by the substantially cylindrical areas 18 and 20 of action defined by the disintegrating discs 23. (ii) Secondly, and due to the partial lateral overlap between axially adjacent ones of the rounded bulges 26, the infed material and particularly the smaller pieces thereof and/or the smaller pieces present as a result of the lacerating action of the lacerating members 27, are forced into the aforementioned nip and become crushed or cut between the cooperating axially adjacent rounded bulges 26. This results in a highly effective further comminuting process and, at the same time, assists in forcing the infed material through the comminuting means 15.
Further supported at the support frame 16 is an infeed hopper 31 which has a front wall 32, a rear wall 33 and two opposite side walls 34 and 35. All of the aforenoted walls extend at a non-vertical inclination toward the comminuting means 15.
A first conveyor 36 is disposed below the comminuting means 14 and extends in the lengthwise direction of the chassis 10. The first conveyor 36 is constructed substantially in the manner of a conventional band or belt conveyor of which the conveying band or belt 37 and a deflection roll 38 are schematically indicated in Figure 2. ~oth ends of the deflection roll 38 are journalled in bearings 39. A drive roll ~not shown) is placed at the other end of the first conveyor and drivingly connected to, ~or example, a pressure fluid operated drive motor which may be constructed as a conventional flange motor and which is not shown in the drawing for reasons of clarity. The drive motor is drivingly connected to the aforementioned power unit 1. The first conveyor 36 receives comminuted material which has passed 2~2~
through the comminuting means 15, and conveys the throughpassed material to a second or rear conveyor 59 to be described further hereinbelow.
Instead of the the construction as a band or belt conveyor, the first conveyor 36 may also be constructed in the manner of a conventional scraper conveyor. Such scraper conveyor receives the comminuted material and comprises a plate extending the conveying length. A chain drive contains two chains extending along opposite lateral sides of ~he plate and carrying transverse ledges which extend across the plate and scrape the comminuted material along the plate during operation of the chain drive.
The first conveyor 36 is mounted at the chassis 10 by means of frame members 40 which extend alongside the first conveyor 36 and which have an inverted U-shape. The frame members 40 are secured to the support frame 16 on an underside thereof. The frame members 40 accommodate suspension spring assemblies one of which is schematically indicated by the block 41 and which bear at respective tandem axles of the tandem axial carriage 12 by means of respective support blocks 42. The rear axle of the tandem axle carriage 12 is shown in broken lines in Figure 2 of the drawing.
As schematically illustrated in Figure 4, the first conveyor 36 is part of an assembly including carriers 43 which extend along both opposite lateral sides of the first conveyor 36. Each one of the carriers 43 is provided with a bent-off carrier member 44 which is slidably held between retainer members 45 and 46 which protrude toward the carrier member 44.
The lower retainer member 45 is formed by a guide rail affixed to an inner leg 47 of the U-shaped frame member 40. The upper retainer member 46 is in the form of a guide member mounted at the support frame 16. The retainer member 46 also has a guide surface 48 cooperating with a guide surface 49 at the carrier 43 in order to guide the comminuted material passing through '. ' ' ~ ,~ ; ;
~' 21 2~ 3 the comminuting means 15 toward the first conveyor 36. The rear ends of the bent-off carrier members 44 are affixed to the support frame 16 by conventional securing means such as respective bolts and linchpins (not shown). After releasing the linchpins and withdrawing the bolts, the first conveyor 36 can be removed from the support frame 16 by rearwardly sliding the same between the retainer members 45 and 46. Thereby, the underside of the comminuting machine as well as the first conveyor 36 become readily accessible for inspection and, if need be, maintenance and repair. Also, the arrangement of the first conveyor 36 below the support frame 16 is a space and height saving arrangement.
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the comminuting machine further includes at least one pressing body which, if required, can be pivoted to act upon infed material to be comminutqd and urge the same into comminuting contact with the disintegration shafts 17,19.
The pressing body 50 i9 pivotably mounted by means of a pivot shaft 51 which, in turn, is pivotably mounted in slide bearings 52 provided at the upper part of the support frame 16, ~ee Figure 1. Specifically, the rear slide bearing 52 has a divided construction in which an upper part of the slide bearing 52 can be removed, for example, by unscrewing a fastening srew. After removal of this upper bearing part, the entire pressing body 50 can be removed by sliding the same in the rearward direction for release from the front slide bearing 52 and by laterally removing the same from the support frame 16. The associated side wall 35 of the infeed hopper 31 iq provided with an aperture 53 for receiving the pressing body 50 in it~ inoperative or retracted po~ltion.
The pressing body 50 is constructed from a plural number of reinforcing discs 54 which are firmly secured such as by welding to the pivot shaft 51, see Figure 5. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, six such reinforcing discs .
2 ~ e ~ ~ O3 53 are provided and have a substantially circular sector shape. The reinforcing discs 54 are fixedly connected such as by welding to a shell plate 55 substantially along their entire circumference so that the pressing body 50 actually assumes the shape of a hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body. The entire side facing the comminuting means 15, is covered by a cover or pressing plate 56 which is affixed such as by welding to the respective edge of the shell plate 55, the edges of the reinforcing discs 54 and the pivot shaft 51. In this manner, there is formed the pressing body 50 which is closed on the side facing the material to be comminuted and which can be pressed thereupon.
The intermediate reinforcing discs 54 are pairwisely arranged and provided with mounting means 57 for connection to an actuator 5a as shown in Figure 2 and disposed between the reinforcing discs 54 of the respective pair. The actuator 58 of the illustrated exemplary embodiment is constructed as a conventional pressure fluid operated cylinder-piston unit which is powered by means of the power unit 1. The cylinder is linked to the support frame 16 whereas the piston is linked to the mounting means 57 of the reinforcing discs 54.
Consequently, the pressing body 50 assumes an inoperative or retracted position when the piston is retracted, and an operative or pressing position when the piston is extended.
Power is stepwisely applied such that, at relatively low power, the pivoting movement is carried out whereas, in the operative position, relatively high power can be applied in order to exert a pressing action on the infed material by means of the pres~ing body 50. As will be apparent from Figure 5, the pressing body 50 is connccted to two actuator~ 58.
The pressing body 50 is constructed in adaptation to the aperture 53 in the associated side wall 35 of the infeed hopper 31. In particular, the pressing body 50 assumes an inoperative or retracted position such that the pressing plate 56 extends in the plane of the side wall 35 and the aperture ~ 212~ ~3~
53 is substantially completely closed. It is thereby ensured that all of the material infed into the infeed hopper 31 will be directed to the comminuting means 15 and no parts or pieces of the material are allowed to exit from the infeed hopper 31 other than through the comminuting means 15.
In the illustrated preferred embodiment, two substantially identical pressing bodies 50, which are of basically the same construction as described hereinbefore, are placed in a mirror-image relationship in respective apertures 53 in the opposite side walls 34 and 35 of the infeed hopper 31. As explained hereinbefore, the pressing plates 56 are flush with the respective side walls 34 and 35 in the inoperative or retracted position of the pressing bodies 50.
In the operative position, the pressing plates 56 extend across the comminuting means 15 close toward each other, as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawing by broken lines.
A second conveyor 59 constituting, for example, likewise a band or belt conveyor, is mounted at the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine, see Figure 1. The arrangement is such that the second conveyor 59 cooperates with the first conveyor 36 for receiving comminuted material therefrom and further conveying the same. The ~econd conveyor 59 includes a first conveyor section 60 and a second conveyor section 61 which are ~nterconnected by a link or hinge connection 62 which is illustrated in detail in Figure 7 in an expanded condition.
The first conveyor section 60 is provided with bushes 63 at the four corners or along top and bottom rims of its end 64 which i8 remote from the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine. The bushes 63 protrude from this end 64. The second conveyor section 61 has an end 65 facing the end 64 of the first conveyor seCtion 60. This end 65 is provided with a substantially circular disc 66 on one of its lateral sides and a disc 67 of substantially semicircular shape on the opposite lateral side. The discs 66 and 67 are provided with aligned .. . .
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~12~3~
throughbores 68. The ends 64,65 of the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 are linked to each other by placing the bushes 63 of the end 64 of the first conveyor section 60 in between the discs 66 and 67 of the end 65 of the second conveyor section 61, particularly in a manner such that the bushes 63 are aligned with the throughbores 68. Then, conventional locking means such as, for example, bolts and associated linchpins are employed to lock the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 to each other. To this end, the bolts are passed through the bushes 63 and the aligned throughbores 68 and locked by the linchpins. In this condition, the mutually facing ends 64,65 of the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 are locked to each other in a manner such that the second conveyor section 61 extends substantially in straight continuation of the first conveyor section 60. If the linchpin is removed from the bolt which extends through the upper bushes 63 and throughbores 68, and the bolt is also removed, then, the two conveyor sections 60,61 remain linked to each other merely by the bolt extending through the lower bushes 63 and throughbores 68.
Furthermore, the second conveyor section 61 contains a cable mount 69 from which a cable or rope 70 or the like extends and is fixed to the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine at a further cable mount 71. The cable or rope 70 is guided along a guide surface provided at the circumference of the circular disc 66. The cable or rope 70 exerts a pull on the end 65 of the second conveyor section 61 so as to ensure, in addition to the locked link connection 62, the aforementioned position of this conveyor section 61 in substantially straight continuation of the first conveyor section.
The receiving end 73 of the second conveyor 59 is mounted at the bottom of the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine.
To this end, a link 74 is linked to a link carrier 75 at the rear end 14. Actuator means 76 includes a pressure fluid - - ,:, . . .
- ,'' ': ' , .f~
2~ 2~ ~3~
operated cylinder-piston unit. The cylinder of the actuator means 76 is linked to a cylinder carrier 77 which is secured to the bottom of the chassis 10. The piston of the actuator means 76 is linked to the free end of the link 74. The purpose of this arrangement is as follows:
During operation of the comminuting machine, the second conveyor 59 assumes the operative or extended position which is illustrated in Figure 1. In this position, the two conveyor sections 60 and 61 follow each other and extend substantially in straight continuation at an upward inclination from the rear end 14 of the comminuting machine. It would be undesirable to leave the second conveyor 59 in this operative, extended position during travel of the comminuting machine from one working location to another. Therefore, the second conveyor 59 is constructed such that the conveyor sections 60 and 61 can be folded into an inoperative, folded position as indicated by broken lines in Figure 1.
In order to place the second conveyor 59 into the inoperative, folded condition, the upper bolt and linch pin of are removed from the link connection 62. The second conveyor section 61 i9, then, subject to the action of gravity but held in position due to the tensioned cable 70. When, now, the actuator means 76 i8 actuated by extending the piston and thereby pivoting the link 74 upwardly toward the position as shown by broken lines, the tension of the cable 70 is reduced and the second conveyor section 61 is permitted to pivot in a downward direction. During further extension of the piston and the resultlng further pivoting movement, part of the cable 70 is "wound up" on the cable guide surface provided at the clrcular di~c 66 and the second conveyor sectlon 61 is permitted to pivot further downward while the fir~t conveyor section 60 continues to be upwardly pivoted. At the end of the movement, the two conveyor sections 60 and 61 of the second conveyor 59 are located parallel to each other and the rear end 14, i.e. depend substantially vertically in an arrangement , ~ ' '; ', ' ,' ,,' ,' ', ~'' .' : , : : ': " .: , .
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,:
~ ~ 2 ~
in which the first conveyor section 60 extends upwardly and the second conveyor section 61 extends downwardly. The dimensions of the first and second conveyor sections 60,61 are selected such that their extended length satisfies the operating requirements while their folded condition satisfies existing traffic regulations.
For returning the second conveyor 59 into the operating condition, the aforenoted sequence of movements is reversed which is effected by retracting the piston of the actuator means 76.
According to the schematic top plan view of Figure 8, the power unit 1 comprises a prime mover 78 like a diesel engine or an electric motor, if the comminuting machine is exclusively used in places where electric power is available, and a pressure fluid main pump 79 like, for example, an axial piston pump for powering the various pressure fluid operated components of the comminuting machine. The pressure fluid main pump 79 is coupled to the prime mover 78 by conventional coupling means (not shown) capable of compensating for rotational and axial offsets. A cooler 80 i9 pivotably connected to the prime mover 79 by means of a hinge connection 81. More specifically, the power unit 1 preferably may be constructed in the manner of the power unit as disclosed in the first initially mentioned cross-referenced United States Patent Application the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Furthermore, preferably two pressure fluid main pumps 79 of the same type, namely axial piston pumps, are drivingly connected to respective drive motors 21 and 22 driving the front ends of the respective disintegration shafts 17 and 19.
Also powered thereby are the other pressure fluid operated drive motors which drive the first and second conveyors 36 and 59, and the actuator means 58 and 76 which respectively act upon pressing bodies 50 and the second conveyor 59, present in . .
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:.
- 2~ 2~
the comminuting machine. This arrangement has the advantage that the pressure fluid main pumps 79 as well as the pressure fluid operated drive motors 21 and 22 can be arranged conjointly in a readily accessible part of the comminuting machine.
It should be noted that the two disintegration shafts 17 and 19 are independently driven and thus may rotate at different rotational speeds. Also, in the case of an overload, one or both of the two disintegration shafts 17,19 may even be reversed so as to thereby clear the nip defined by the two disintegration shafts 17,19 from infed material and subject the same to further comminution upon return of the disintegration shafts 17 and 19 to the original rotational directions.
While there are shown and described present preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims. Accordingly,
Claims (21)
1. A comminuting machine comprising:
an infeed hopper for material to be comminuted;
comminuting means disposed below said infeed hopper and receiving said material to be comminuted from said infeed hopper;
said comminuting means including two cooperating disintegration shafts extending substantially parallel to each other;
each one of said two disintegration shafts being provided with a plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at said disintegration shaft;
said plural number of disintegrating discs being mounted at said disintegration shaft in axially spaced sequence along said disintegrating shaft;
each one of said plural number of disintegrating discs constituting a substantially annular member defining an aperture for receiving the disintegration shaft and a circumference;
said disintegrating disc being provided with a multitude of disintegrating members at said circumference;
said multitude of disintegrating members including a plural number of rounded bulges protruding from said circumference of said disintegrating disc; and said disintegrating members further including at least one lacerating member protruding from said circumference.
an infeed hopper for material to be comminuted;
comminuting means disposed below said infeed hopper and receiving said material to be comminuted from said infeed hopper;
said comminuting means including two cooperating disintegration shafts extending substantially parallel to each other;
each one of said two disintegration shafts being provided with a plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at said disintegration shaft;
said plural number of disintegrating discs being mounted at said disintegration shaft in axially spaced sequence along said disintegrating shaft;
each one of said plural number of disintegrating discs constituting a substantially annular member defining an aperture for receiving the disintegration shaft and a circumference;
said disintegrating disc being provided with a multitude of disintegrating members at said circumference;
said multitude of disintegrating members including a plural number of rounded bulges protruding from said circumference of said disintegrating disc; and said disintegrating members further including at least one lacerating member protruding from said circumference.
2. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said at least one lacerating member protrudes from said circumference in a generally arcuate shape in the direction of said circumference and ends in a sharp lacerating edge.
3. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 2, wherein said lacerating member has a recess extending from said sharp lacerating edge to said circumference of said disintegrating disc.
4. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said rounded bulges are arranged in a sequence extending along a predetermined part of said circumference of said disintegrating disc.
5. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 4, wherein said predetermined part of said circumference of said disintegrating disc encompasses a circumferential range of one half to three quarters of the entire circumference.
6. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 4, wherein:
said at least one lacerating member comprises a single lacerating member; and said single lacerating member being arranged between opposite ends of said sequence of rounded bulges.
said at least one lacerating member comprises a single lacerating member; and said single lacerating member being arranged between opposite ends of said sequence of rounded bulges.
7. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 6, wherein said lacerating member is disposed close to one end of said sequence of rounded bulges.
8. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said disintegrating discs are disposed in said axially spaced sequence at a mutual circumferential offset in a manner such that said lacerating members in said axially spaced sequence of disintegrating discs are circumferentially offset from each other by a predetermined angle in the same circumferential direction.
9. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 8, wherein said lacerating members on adjacent disintegrating discs in said axial sequence of disintegrating discs being circumferentially offset from each other by an angle of substantially thirty degrees.
10. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 1, further including:
a support frame;
said two disintegration shafts being supported at said support frame;
said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at one of said two disintegration shafts being axially offset from said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at an other one of said two disintegration shafts;
said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at said one disintegration shaft being aligned to spaces defined between said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at said other disintegration shaft; and said two disintegration shafts being supported at a mutual spacing permitting at least partial lateral overlap between adjacent ones of said disintegrating discs mounted at different ones of said two disintegration shafts.
a support frame;
said two disintegration shafts being supported at said support frame;
said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at one of said two disintegration shafts being axially offset from said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at an other one of said two disintegration shafts;
said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at said one disintegration shaft being aligned to spaces defined between said plural number of disintegrating discs mounted at said other disintegration shaft; and said two disintegration shafts being supported at a mutual spacing permitting at least partial lateral overlap between adjacent ones of said disintegrating discs mounted at different ones of said two disintegration shafts.
11. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 1, further including:
at least one pressing body for exerting a pressing action upon material to be comminuted and infed into said infeed hopper;
said at least one pressing body having the shape of a substantially cylindrical sector body defining an axis and a circumference;
a pivot shaft extending along said axis of said substantially cylindrical sector body;
a support frame supporting said comminuting means and said pivot shaft of said at least one pressing body;
said substantially cylindrical sector body having a shell plate defining said circumference of said substantially cylindrical sector body;
a pressing plate secured to one circumferential end of said shell plate and to said pivot shaft axially along said substantially cylindrical sector body; and actuator means connected to said substantially cylindrical sector body for pivoting the same between an inoperative position in which said pressing plate is spaced from said comminuting means and an operative position in which said pressing plate faces said comminuting means.
at least one pressing body for exerting a pressing action upon material to be comminuted and infed into said infeed hopper;
said at least one pressing body having the shape of a substantially cylindrical sector body defining an axis and a circumference;
a pivot shaft extending along said axis of said substantially cylindrical sector body;
a support frame supporting said comminuting means and said pivot shaft of said at least one pressing body;
said substantially cylindrical sector body having a shell plate defining said circumference of said substantially cylindrical sector body;
a pressing plate secured to one circumferential end of said shell plate and to said pivot shaft axially along said substantially cylindrical sector body; and actuator means connected to said substantially cylindrical sector body for pivoting the same between an inoperative position in which said pressing plate is spaced from said comminuting means and an operative position in which said pressing plate faces said comminuting means.
12. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 11, wherein:
said infeed hopper has at least one side wall extending toward said comminuting means at a predetermined inclination;
said at least one side wall has an aperture extending from said comminuting means and having a shape closely adapted to the radial and axial dimensions of said substantially cylindrical sector body;
said substantially cylindrical sector body being accommodated by said aperture in said at least one side wall of said infeed hopper in said inoperative position of said substantially cylindrical sector body; and said pressing plate of said substantially cylindrical sector body extending substantially flush with said at least one side wall of said infeed hopper.
said infeed hopper has at least one side wall extending toward said comminuting means at a predetermined inclination;
said at least one side wall has an aperture extending from said comminuting means and having a shape closely adapted to the radial and axial dimensions of said substantially cylindrical sector body;
said substantially cylindrical sector body being accommodated by said aperture in said at least one side wall of said infeed hopper in said inoperative position of said substantially cylindrical sector body; and said pressing plate of said substantially cylindrical sector body extending substantially flush with said at least one side wall of said infeed hopper.
13. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 11, wherein:
said at least one substantially cylindrical sector body constitutes a hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body;
a plural number of reinforcing discs arranged at mutual spacings within said hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body;
said reinforcing discs having the shape of substantially circular sector discs;
each one of said substantially circular sector discs defining a circumference and a center region shaped in adaptation to said pivot shaft; and said circumference of said substantially circular discs being secured to said shell plate at an inner side thereof and said center region being secured to said pivot shaft.
said at least one substantially cylindrical sector body constitutes a hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body;
a plural number of reinforcing discs arranged at mutual spacings within said hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body;
said reinforcing discs having the shape of substantially circular sector discs;
each one of said substantially circular sector discs defining a circumference and a center region shaped in adaptation to said pivot shaft; and said circumference of said substantially circular discs being secured to said shell plate at an inner side thereof and said center region being secured to said pivot shaft.
14. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 13, wherein said actuator means is drivingly connected to at least two intermediate ones of said reinforcing discs located between axial ends of said hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body.
15. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 14, wherein:
said actuator means constitute pressure fluid operated actuator means comprising at least one cylinder-piston unit;
said cylinder of said at least one cylinder-piston unit being linked to said support frame and said piston of said at least one cylinder-piston unit being linked to said intermediate reinforcing discs; and said hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body assuming said inoperative position in a retracted state of said piston and said operative position in an extended state of said piston.
said actuator means constitute pressure fluid operated actuator means comprising at least one cylinder-piston unit;
said cylinder of said at least one cylinder-piston unit being linked to said support frame and said piston of said at least one cylinder-piston unit being linked to said intermediate reinforcing discs; and said hollow, substantially cylindrical sector body assuming said inoperative position in a retracted state of said piston and said operative position in an extended state of said piston.
16. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 12, wherein:
said at least one side wall of said infeed hopper constitutes two opposite side walls; and said at least one pressing body constituting two hollow pressing bodies arranged on opposite sides of said comminuting means.
said at least one side wall of said infeed hopper constitutes two opposite side walls; and said at least one pressing body constituting two hollow pressing bodies arranged on opposite sides of said comminuting means.
17. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 16, wherein said two pressing bodies assume limiting operative positions in which said pressing plates are disposed closely above said comminuting means and close to each other.
18. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 1, further including:
a wheel-supported chassis;
a support frame mounted at said wheel-supported chassis;
frame members depending from said support frame and being structured in an inverted U-shape; and said inverted U-shape accommodating suspension springs of said wheel-supported chassis.
a wheel-supported chassis;
a support frame mounted at said wheel-supported chassis;
frame members depending from said support frame and being structured in an inverted U-shape; and said inverted U-shape accommodating suspension springs of said wheel-supported chassis.
19. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 18, further including:
a power unit supported at said chassis;
said power unit comprising a prime mover and at least one pressure fluid main pump drivingly connected to said prime mover;
pressure fluid operated drive means for rotatably driving said two disintegration shafts of said comminuting means;
said pressure fluid operated drive means being connected to said at least one pressure fluid main pump;
conveying means for receiving and conveying comminuted material from said comminuting means;
pressure fluid operated drive means for driving said conveying means;
said pressure fluid operated drive means being connected to said pressure fluid main pump;
at least one pressing body for exerting a pressing action upon material to be comminuted and infed into said infeed hopper;
actuator means for pivoting said pressing body between an inoperative position in which said pressing body is spaced from said comminuting means, and an operative position in which said pressing body faces said comminuting means; and said actuator means constituting pressure fluid operated actuator means connected to said at least one pressure fluid main pump.
a power unit supported at said chassis;
said power unit comprising a prime mover and at least one pressure fluid main pump drivingly connected to said prime mover;
pressure fluid operated drive means for rotatably driving said two disintegration shafts of said comminuting means;
said pressure fluid operated drive means being connected to said at least one pressure fluid main pump;
conveying means for receiving and conveying comminuted material from said comminuting means;
pressure fluid operated drive means for driving said conveying means;
said pressure fluid operated drive means being connected to said pressure fluid main pump;
at least one pressing body for exerting a pressing action upon material to be comminuted and infed into said infeed hopper;
actuator means for pivoting said pressing body between an inoperative position in which said pressing body is spaced from said comminuting means, and an operative position in which said pressing body faces said comminuting means; and said actuator means constituting pressure fluid operated actuator means connected to said at least one pressure fluid main pump.
20. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 19, wherein:
said chassis defining a rear half;
a tandem axle carriage being mounted to said rear half for wheel-supporting said chassis; and said support frame being mounted substantially above said tandem axle carriage.
said chassis defining a rear half;
a tandem axle carriage being mounted to said rear half for wheel-supporting said chassis; and said support frame being mounted substantially above said tandem axle carriage.
21. The comminuting machine as defined in claim 18, further including:
conveying means for receiving and conveyibf comminuted material which has throughpassed through said comminuting means;
said conveying means including a conveyor disposed below said comminuting means; and said conveyor being mounted at said frame members.
conveying means for receiving and conveyibf comminuted material which has throughpassed through said comminuting means;
said conveying means including a conveyor disposed below said comminuting means; and said conveyor being mounted at said frame members.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9305837U DE9305837U1 (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1993-04-20 | Shredding machine |
| DEG9305837.3 | 1993-04-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2121539A1 true CA2121539A1 (en) | 1994-10-21 |
Family
ID=6892172
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2121539 Abandoned CA2121539A1 (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1994-04-18 | Dual disintegration shaft comminuting machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2121539A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE9305837U1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019226888A1 (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Shredder for comminuting bulk material |
| US10695771B2 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2020-06-30 | Weima Maschinenbau Gmbh | Device for shredding material, in particular medical waste material |
| US11141738B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2021-10-12 | Cams S.R.L. | Crusher for rubble |
| US11896982B2 (en) | 2020-10-12 | 2024-02-13 | Kleemann Gmbh | Material processing equipment |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9409707U1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1994-09-15 | Doppstadt Werner | Roll shredder |
| EP0955142A1 (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 1999-11-10 | Michael Putzki | Mobile device for plastic recycling |
| DE20108463U1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2001-10-25 | Schenk Juergen | Excavation preparation device |
| DK1371420T3 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-11-22 | Lindner Recyclingtech Gmbh | Comminution device for comminution of material |
| ITMI20050756A1 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-10-28 | Satrind Srl | SHREDDER FOR TWO PRESSERS WASTE |
| ITMI20111662A1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-16 | Saint Gobain Ppc Italia S P A | PLANT AND PROCEDURE TO RECYCLE PLASTERBOARD PANELS AND SIMILAR CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS |
-
1993
- 1993-04-20 DE DE9305837U patent/DE9305837U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-04-18 CA CA 2121539 patent/CA2121539A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10695771B2 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2020-06-30 | Weima Maschinenbau Gmbh | Device for shredding material, in particular medical waste material |
| US11141738B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2021-10-12 | Cams S.R.L. | Crusher for rubble |
| WO2019226888A1 (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Shredder for comminuting bulk material |
| JP2021524369A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-09-13 | ヴァミィヤ マニュファクチャリング カンパニーＶｅｒｍｅｅｒ Ｍａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ | Crusher for crushing bulk materials into small pieces |
| US11484886B2 (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2022-11-01 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Shredder for comminuting bulk material |
| US11819856B2 (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2023-11-21 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Shredder for comminuting bulk material |
| US11896982B2 (en) | 2020-10-12 | 2024-02-13 | Kleemann Gmbh | Material processing equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE9305837U1 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |