CA2120957A1 - Integrated formworks - Google Patents

Integrated formworks

Info

Publication number
CA2120957A1
CA2120957A1 CA 2120957 CA2120957A CA2120957A1 CA 2120957 A1 CA2120957 A1 CA 2120957A1 CA 2120957 CA2120957 CA 2120957 CA 2120957 A CA2120957 A CA 2120957A CA 2120957 A1 CA2120957 A1 CA 2120957A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
concrete
placing
integrated
formworks
products
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA 2120957
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Armand Vaisman
Sivan Vaisman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA 2120957 priority Critical patent/CA2120957A1/en
Publication of CA2120957A1 publication Critical patent/CA2120957A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
    • E04C3/44—Arched girders or portal frames of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/04—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for lintels, beams, or transoms to be encased separately; Special tying or clamping means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G15/00—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels
    • E04G15/02—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels for windows, doors, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/10—Forming or shuttering elements for general use with additional peculiarities such as surface shaping, insulating or heating, permeability to water or air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8647—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties going through the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2002/8688—Scaffoldings or removable supports therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B2005/322—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with permanent forms for the floor edges

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to formwork for placing concrete in concrete products: individual elements or a structure, etc. The objects of this invention are:
- a product called INTEGRATED FORMWORK that is a thin plate made of concrete or other suitable materials. In most cases this plate has a ready finished face.
- a process to produce INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
- a process to produce products using the INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
for individual elements or structures, etc.
- a product called "Reusable concrete form" that is a thin plate made of concrete whose purpose is to be a reusable formwork for placing concrete in concrete products, structures, etc.
- a process to produce Reusable concrete forms.
- a process for producing products by using Resuable concrete forms.
- the present invention has a vast field of applications:
highrise and residential buildings, public and industrial buildings, bridges, tunnels, etc. The present invention is supposed to improve the existing technology in many aspects:
- to lower the cost of the labour and materials.
- to shorten the time of execution.
- to save wood.
- to create jobs for low qualified workers.

Description

INTEGRATED FORMWORKS

This invention relates to the technology of formworks for placing concrete in elements, structures, etc., in all kinds of - buildings: highrise, residential, industrial, public, bridges, etc.
In the existing technology the formworks for placing concrete are made mostly of wood, steel, aluminium, etc. The wood forms are made mostly of:
- panels comprising boards, and pieces 2x4, etc.
- panels of plywood strengthened with studs 2x4, etc.
- the widths and lengths may vary from one foot to many feet.
/O The steel formworks are made mostly of:
- panels (plates) with standard dimensions of several feet reinforced with steel beams.
- flying formworks build in sets fitting the dimensions of whole walls and floor slabs.
- self-erecting formworks for high structures like silo, chimney.
The aluminium formworks are similar to those made of steel.
All these kinds of formwork have many disadvantages:
~ - the cost of labour and materials for producing a formwork unit is high because it requires high standards for processing it:
20 very costly materials and highly qualified labour.
- the cost of erecting formworks made of wood, steel, aluminium for a structure is high because:
The high qualified labour required.

Many improvisations required.
The curve or other complicated shapes are time consuming.
Dismantling, cleaning and maintenance are time consuming.
The rhythm of erection is slow.
After dismantling the surface of the concrete needs many corrections.
The inventive idea is a product called INTEGRATED FORMWORK
that is a thin plate of concrete or of other material that is used as a formwork for placing concrete. The shape of this product may be plane, curved or any three dimensional shape according to necessities. In the process of its production this plate gets, in most cases, a finished surface. The width and length of this plate may be equal to those of a whole element: wall, floor slab, etc. After placing the concrete in this formwork the INTEGRATED FORMWORK remains integrated permanently in the element or in the structure, etc.
The advantages of this invention are:
- the labour is cheap because all the operations may be performed by low qualified workers.
- 2~ - the material, usually concrete, is cheap and is included in the element or the structure so there is no waste.
- the fact that the surfaces of this formwork are already finished is saving time and money, eliminating further work.

~b ~

- the erection of the Integrated formwork is very simple and fast.
The summary of the advantages:
- eliminates some operations: dismantling the formworks and - maintenance works.
- repairing the surface of the concrete.
- performing the finishing works on concrete surface.
- it is very easy to place in the elements (walls, etc) all kinds of materials (insulations, piping, cables, etc), devices, inserts, etc.
- the rhythm of erection of a structure is fast therefore the time is shortened.
- the works on the exterior side of the structure is eliminated almost completely.
All these advantages lower the costs.

Summary of drawinqs In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention:
Figure 1 is a vertical section of an embodiment of the invention where the product INTEGRATED FORMWORKS is made of reinforced concrete.
20 Figure 2 is a view of an intersection of two steel product U
channel shaped, over an insert.
Figure 3 is a view of an insert.
Figure 4 is a view of an INTEGRATED FORMWORK showing the distribution of the inserts.
Figure 5 is a view of a whole INTEGRATED FORMWORK showing the distribution of the steel products U channel shaped.
Figure 6 is a section through an INTEGRATED FORMWORK and a work table.
Figure 7 is a section through an assembly of two INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS that may be used for a concrete wall.
Figure 8 is horizontal section through an intersection T
shaped of two walls.

/O Figure 9 is a vertical section through an intersection of a slab floor with a wall.
Figure 10 is a view of a INTEGRATED FORMWORK having an opening for a door.
Figure 11 is a horizontal section through an assembly of INTEGRATED FORMWORKS for a column.
Figure 12 is a vertical section through an assembly of INTEGRATED FORMWORKS for a beam.
Figure 13 is a horizontal section through a wall.
Figure 14 is a vertical section through a wall.
Figure 15 is a view of a very high concrete column showing the rows of INTEGRATED FORMWORKS.
Figure 16 is a horizontal section through the assembly of INTEGRATED FORMWORKS for a concrete column.
Figure 17 is a view of a high concrete structure that may be a silo or a chimney or a reservoir, etc.

Figure 18 is a horizontal section through the above concrete structure: silo, chimney or reservoir, etc.
Figure 19 is a vertical section through an INTEGRATED FORMOWRK
having the bottom side finished with veneer bricks.
- Figure 20 is a section through INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having the upper side finished with veneer bricks.
Figure 21 is a section through an Integrated formwork having the bottom side finished very smooth, being manufactured for a floor slab.
Jo Figure 22 is a horizontal sections through an assembly of two INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (for a wall, etc) having a steel U channel shaped product between them and threaded rod for fastening them.
Figure 23 is a horizontal section through an assembly of two INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (for a wall, etc) having little external concrete beams.
Figure 24 is a horizontal section through an assembly of two INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (for a wall, etc) having little internal concrete beams.
All the items included in the above drawings are explained as follows. The dimensions of the items are approximative, depending on many factors and conditions. The INTEGRATED FORMWORKS may have standard sizes like l'x8', 2'x8', 4'x8', etc., or may have the size of a whole element: wall, floor slab, etc.
The kind of materials used may vary depending on cost, strengths, availability, purpose, etc.

Details of the items which are shown in the drawings:
The table for production of INTEGRATED FORMWORK may have the dimensions, widths and lengths, big enough to accommodate a whole element of a structure that may be 5.00 meters wide and 10.00 meters long or more, or may be smaller.
51 The surface of the table may have any shape that fits the shape of the Integrated formwork: plane, curve or any other three dimensional shape.
52 The shutters which may be of steel U channel shaped or of wood, plastic or any other suitable material. Their dimension have to fit the dimensions of the INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS.
54 This insert may be preferable of sheet metal or other material. The preferred dimensions may be thickness 3mm, widths 6-lOcm, length 6-lOcm.
56 Nut. The diameter may be preferable 8mm. The nut is welded to sheet metal 54.
58 Rod. It preferably may be of steel, diameter 8mm to fit the nut, the length may be 15-20cm.
20 60 The steel welded wire mesh. The preferable diameter of the bars: 3mm. The distance between the bars may be 10-20cm in both directions.
62 The concrete may be regular strong concrete. It is preferable to include additives for a faster hardening and for improved qualities according to design.

63 The INTEGRATED FORMWOKK may have, preferable, the dimensions of the whole element: wall, floor slab, column, etc., but may have as well the size of half element, or standard dimensions such as 2'x8', 4'x8', etc.
- 64 The upper surface of the Integrated formwork may be finished according to design.
The protection layer may be of cardboard or plastic sheet, etc.
66 The-bottom surface of the Integrated formwork may be /o finished according to the design.
68 & 70 may be of steel U Channel shaped or wood, etc. Preferred dimension may be 4cm x 8cm. The length may fit the length of the Integrated formwork.
72 This nut may have a diameter of 6-8mm.
74 The washer may have a diameter of 6-8mm.
76 The rod may have a diameter of 6-8mm. The length depends on the thickness of the wall and may be 30-50cm.
78 The plastic pipe may have a diameter of 8-lOmm and must be resistant.
20 80 The enlargement of the rod 80 may have the same dimensions like the nut 84.
82 The steel welded wire mesh will have the dimensions according to the design.
84 The nut has a diameter of 8-lOmm.
86 The washer will fit the nut 84.

88 The fresh concrete will have the properties as designed.
Shutters for openings (door, windows) similar to 52.
92 Integrated formworks for columns or beams. It is preferable to have the dimensions of an entire element but may be also - less.
94 Horizontal steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
96 Vertical steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
98 Insulation shoùld be preferably delivered in the form of panels.
/o 100 Reinforcement of the concrete in floor slab. The dimensions should be as designed. May be made of steel bars or steel welded mesh, etc.
102 Pipes for water, etc.
104 Wire for electricity, telephone, etc.
106 Cables for electricity, etc.
108 Vertical steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
110 Horizontal steel U channel shaped similar to 68 and 70.
112 Integrated formworks manufactured for high columns. The dimensions should be as designed.
20 114 A row of Integrated formworks in a high column structure.
115 Integrated formwork for the exterior side of a concrete structure such as a silo.
116 Integrated formwork for the interior side of a concrete structure such as a silo.
117 Reinforcement, steel bars, for the concrete in a structure such as a silo.
118 Ornamental bricks or tiles, or marble, etc., for a wall.
120 Steel or aluminium, etc., U channel shaped for assembling or strengthening INTEGRATED FORMORRK.
122 Little exterior concrete beam for strengthening Integrated formwork.
124 Little interior concrete beam for strengthening Integrated formwork.
126 Piece of wood 2'x4' or l'x3', etc., for assembling or /o strengthing INTEGRATED FORMWORKS.

Summary of invention According to one aspect the present invention relates to a product called Integrated formwork. This is a trademark and will be repeatedly used throughout this application under the name TRADEMARK INTEGRATED FORMWORK. The purpose of the T INTEGRATED
FO~ORK is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and it will remain permanently ~ integrated in these products, elements, structure, etc.
Zo The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK consists of one or more plates that:

- may have any shape: plane or curved or any three dimensional shape.
- may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or pre-stressed ~-1 concrete or posttensioned concrete or of any material with suitable properties.
The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may have one side, interior or exterior, unfinished or may have both sides, interior or - exterior, unfinished.
The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may have one side facing the interior or exterior of the structure finished: rough or smooth surface, or imprinted or as brick veneer or stone veneer (as for a wall, ceiling, etc), etc. The T INTEGRATED
/O FOR~ORK may have 2 or more sides facing the interior and/or the exterior of the structure finished: rough or smooth surface, imprinted or as brick veneer or stone veneer, etc.
The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have inserts for various purposes: strengthening this product by various means and/or assembling a group of two or more such products and/or transporting it and/or connecting it to other products or elements of a structure and/or securing pipes, cables, wires, steel bars, various devises, etc., to this product. The T
INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have insulation materials (like - 2b thermic, acoustic, etc) attached to it. The T INTEGRATED
FOR~ORK may have steel bars or steel welded wire mesh, etc., attached to it as reinforcement for the concrete in the future element. The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have piping (for water, etc), cables, wires, or other materials or devices secured to it. The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may also have openings for 4--~

21209$7 windows, doors, ducts, etc.
According to another aspect the present inventions relates to a product whose purpose is to be a part or the whole formwork for placing concrete in products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and it will remain permanently integrated in these products, elements, structure, etc. This product may consist of one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled together and may have means for strengthening and/or assembling two or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS and/or for connecting them to other formworks, products and/or elements in the structure and/for transportation, supporting, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a product that my be a concrete product or an individual concrete element or a concrete element of a structure.
This product may comprise:
- one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS integrated permanently.
- materials and/or devices, etc., that may be attached to the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introduced between the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS like: insulation materials, reinforcement (steel bars, etc) for the fresh concrete placed between T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK, piping, cables, wires, etc.
- the concrete placed in one or more products or elements.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing the product called T INTEGRATED FORMWORK
defined as above, having on both sides, bottom and top, unfinished -surfaces. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve or any three dimensional shape.
- - placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface along the perimeter of T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS according to its shape and dimensions.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface for openings (windows, doors, etc).
- placing reinforcement for the concrete or the other material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base surface between the shutters and processing it.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing the product T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS (defined as above) having the upper face finished. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve aO or any three dimensional shape.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface along the perimeter of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS according to its shape and dimensions.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface along the perimeter of the openings (windows, doors, etc).

- placing reinforcement for the concrete or for the other material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base - surface between the shutters and processing it.
- processing the top (upper) surface of the concrete or the other material in order to make a finished face that may be in various ways: rough or smooth surface or imprinted pattèrn, or placing brick veneer or stone veneer, etc.
¦O According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a product T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having the bottom face finished. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curved, or any three dimensional shape.
- placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface along the perimeter of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS according to its shape and its dimensions.
- placing shutters (of steel or wood, etc) on the base surface along the perimeter of the openings (windows, doors, etc).
- processing the finish on the bottom side of the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK facing the base surface by getting a smooth surface or imprinted pattern or by placing ornamental materials such as bricks or tiles or stones or marble, etc., on the base surface, etc.

- placing reinforcement for the concrete or for other material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.
- placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base - surface between the shutters and processing the upper surface.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a product that comprises two or more T INTEGRATED FOR~ORKS assembled together. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
10 - various means (steel product, wood product, etc) for strengthening, assembling, connecting, supporting, transporting, etc., will be fastened to several T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS.
- these T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be strengthened, assembled, connected, supported, transported, etc., using the above means.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to the process for producing a product that may be a concrete product or an individual concrete element or a concrete element of a structure. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
~ ~O - installing and connecting the formwork made of one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS, in the structure.
- supporting the formwork in the structure.
- attaching to the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introducing between the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS materials and/or devices such as:
insulation materials, reinforcement (steel bars, etc) for the fresh concrete placed between the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS, piping, cables, wires, etc.
- placing concrete inside the formworks.
- dismantling all the connections, supports, etc., after the ~ concrete has hardened enough.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing an interior wall or an exterior wall (in a residential or highrise building, office, etc). This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
o - two or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having adequate struc~ure will be assembled and fastened to each other having a certain distance between them where some materials, devices, etc., may be placed: steel U channel shaped, reinforcement for the concrete, insulation, piping, cables, wires, etc. All these operations may be executed in the structure or in another convenient place.
- this assembly will be installed and connected to other elements in the structure and will be supported.
- fresh concrete will be placed between the two T INTEGRATED
FORM~ORKS and will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, devices, etc., will be dismantled.
- the holes left in the product by some devices will be filled.
- after all the accessories will be taken away the wall will stand ready finished on both sides.

(~/ 'i According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a concrete slab for a floor such as in a highrise, for a bridge, for a road, etc.
This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- - one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having adequate structure and one face finished will be strengthened with steel products, wood products or other means fastened preferable on the finished side.
- then the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be transported, placed in /o the structure with the finished face downwards, and supported.
The strengthening products fastened previously to T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS will now be supporting it from below.
- reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), piping, cables, etc., will be placed on the upper side of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS and secured to it.
- the fresh concrete will be placed and processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough the supports, devices, etc., will be dismantled and the bottom face of the slab will appear ready finished. Only very minor corrections may be ~ 70 needed.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing concrete beams and concrete columns (such as in highrises). This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- one or more T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having adequate structure will be assembled and fastened to each other forming the shape of a beam or a column.
- this assembly will be installed in the structure and supported.
- reinforcement bars for concrete, piping, cables, etc., may be placed inside the beam or column.
- fresh concrete will be placed inside the beam or the column and will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, etc., will be dismantled.
/a The beam or the column will have finally all the sides completed with very minor corrections needed.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a brick veneer wall or stone veneer wall or marble veneer wall, etc. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- one T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having adequate structure and the exterior side finished as a brick veneer wall or stone veneer wall will be strengthened with steels products or wood products, etc. These products will preferably be fastened on 2~ the finished side.
- then the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK will be transported, installed in the structure with the finished side facing outside and supported. The ends of the reinforcement steel bars incorporated in the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be connected to the neighbouring elements of the structures: beams, columns, ~ `

212~957 slabs, etc). The connections may be made in several ways depending on the structure: by welding, anchor bolts, rods, by placing concrete in neighbouring beams, columns, slabs, etc.
- after connecting the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK in the structure all the temporary supports will be dismantled.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to the process for producing a high concrete structure having a full section, such as a column for a bridge or for a highway, etc. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
~O - installing the first (base) row of T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS, having the adequate structure, in order to build the base perimeter of the structure.
- connecting the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts, piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
~ 20 - installing the second row of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations.
- continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials, devices, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a high concrete structure having a hollow C~

section such as a silo, chimney, reservoir, etc. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
in order to build the base perimeter of the structure.
- connecting the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts, /o piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
- installing the second row of T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS similarly to first row and repeating the same operations.
- continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a product called "Reusable concrete form" whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements Of a structure and is removable and reusable. This product may consist of one or more concrete plates that:
- may have any shape: plane, curve or any three dimensional shape.
- may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete or posttensioned concrete, or other kinds of concretes.

~,~

212~957 -- may have both sides unfinished.
- may have one face finished and one face unfinished.
- may have both sides finished.
The product may also comprise inserts for various purposes that may be for reinforcing this product and/or for assembling a group of two or more such products and/or for connecting, transporting this product. The product may also comprise reinforcement of the concrete that may be steel bars or steel welded wire mesh, etc.
The product may also have openings (for windows, doors, ducts, /o etc) According to another aspect the present invention relates to a product called "Reusable concrete form" whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and is removable and reusable.
The product may consist of one or more products described above and may have means for strengthening and/or assembling two or more such products and/or for connecting, transporting, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to 20 a process for producing a product called "Reusable concrete form"
whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure, and having on both sides unfinished surfaces or on both sides finished surfaces or on one side a finished surface and on the other side an unfinished surface. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane, curve or any three dimensional shape.
- - placing shutters (made of steel, wood, etc) on the base surface along the perimeter of the product.
- placing shutters on the base surface for openings (windows, doors, etc).
- placing reinforcement for the concrete: steel bars, etc.
~ placing inserts for various purposes and securing them.
- placing the fresh concrete on base surface between the shutters, and processing it according to the design that may be:
- both sides, interior and exterior, unfinished surfaces; or - both sides, interior and exterior, finished surfaces; or - only on one side a finished surface and the other side unfinished.
According to another aspect the present inventions relates to a process for producing a product called "Reusable concrete form"
20 whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of the formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- various means (steel products, wood products, etc) for strengthening, assembling, connecting, supporting, -transporting, etc., are fastened to the concrete plates; and - the concrete plates are strengthened and/or assembled and/or supported and/or transported, etc., by using the above means.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to - a process for producing a product that is a concrete product or an individual concrete element or a concrete element of a structure by using the formworks called "Reusable concrete form" made of thin concrete plates. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
10 - installing and connecting the formworks, made of the concrete plates, in the structure.
- supporting this formworks in the structure.
- installing between the formworks materials and/or devices such as: insulation materials, reinforcement (steel bars, etc), for the fresh concrete, piping, cables, wires, etc.
- placing fresh concrete and processing it.
- dismantling all the connections, supports, the formworks, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to 20 a process for producing an interior wall or an exterior wall (in a residential or highrise building, office, etc). This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- two or more Reusable concrete forms having adequate structure will be assembled and fastened to each other having a certain distance between them where some materials, devices, etc., may be placed: steel U channel shaped, reinforcement for the concrete, insulation, piping, cables, wires, etc. All these operations may be executed in the structure or in another convenient place.
- this assembly will be installed and connected other elements in the structure and will be supported.
- fresh concrete will be placed between the two Reusable concrete forms and will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, devices, etc., and the Reusable concrete forms will be dismantled.
1~- the holes left in the product by some devices will be filled with grout.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a concrete slab for a floor such as in a highrise, for a bridge, for a road, etc.
This process may comprise all or part of the followin~ steps:
- one or more Reusable concrete forms having adequate structure and one face finished will be strengthened with steel products, wood products or other means fastened preferable on the unfinished side.
20 - then the Reusable concrete forms will be transported, placed in the structure with the finished face upwards, and supported.
The strengthening products fastened previously to the Reusable concrete forms will now be supporting it from below.
- reinforcement for the conrete (steel bars, etc), piping, cables, etc., will be placed on the upper side of the Reusable concrete -forms and secured to it.
- the fresh concrete will be placed and processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough the supports, devices, the Reusable concrete forms, etc., will be dismantled.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing concrete beams and concrete columns (such as in highrises). This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- one or-more Reusable concrete forms having adequate structure will be assembled and fastened to each other forming the shape of a beam or a column.
- this assembly will be installed in the structure and supported.
- reinforcement bars for concrete, piping, cables, etc., may be placed inside the beam or column.
- fresh concrete will be placed inside the beam or the column and will be processed.
- after the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, Reusable concrete forms, etc., will be dismantled.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to 20 the process for producing a high concrete structure having a full section, such as a column for a bridge or for a highway, etc.
This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of Reusable concrete forms having the adequate structure, in order to build the base perimeter of the structure.

~j ~

- connecting the Reusable concrete forms to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
- reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts, piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.
- installing the second row of the Reusable concrete forms similarly to the first ro~ and repeating the same operations.
~ continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials, devices, the Reusable concrete forms, etc.
According to another aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing a high concrete structure having a hollow section such as a silo, chimney, reservoir, etc. This process may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of the Reusable concrete forms in order to build the base perimeter of the structure.
- connecting the reusable concrete forms to each other by using ~ 20 various means: steel products, wood products, etc.
- supporting this structure.
- placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc), inserts, piping, cables, etc.
- placing concrete inside the structure and processing it.

- installing the second row of Reusable concrete forms similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations.
- continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top.
- finally dismantling all the supporting materials and the Reusable concrete forms.

-Detailed description Referring to the drawings, the embodiment of the invention shown a T INTEGRATED FORMWORK consists of one or more panels that may have any shape, plane or curve or any three dimensional shape.
T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete or posttensioned concrete or of any material with suitable properties. The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK
is a thin plate made of reinforced concrete having the dimensions, width and length, that may be equal to the dimensions of the whole element such as a wall, a floor slab, a beam, a column, etc., or may be smaller depending on many factors, conditions, etc. The thickness may range, but is not limited to, between several milimeters to several centimetres. A T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may comprise inserts made of a piece of sheet metal 54 fig. l, 2, 3, 4 and a nut 56 fig. 1, 2, 3 welded together. The piece 54 has a hole that will preferably be in the middle. The nut 56 will be centred on this hole. The inserts, 54 and 56, may be placed on a base surface 51 of a work table 50 fig. 1 in a grid pattern as seen in fig. 4. The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK comprises also a reinforcement 20 for the concrete that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 fig. 1.
The inserts 54 and 56 may be secured to the steel mesh 60 in order to remain as positioned. The threaded rod 58 fig 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is screwed into the nut 56 before the concrete 62 fig 1, 6, will be placed. The threaded rod 58 is not a part of the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK but it has a temporary purpose: to help attaching steel products (like U channel shaped) or wood pieces, etc., to the T
INTEGRATED FORMWORK in order to strengthen it so it would be ready for manipulations, installation, transportation, etc.
The process for producing a T INTEGRATED FORMWORK exemplified by a preferred embodiment is described with reference to the drawings and comprises the following steps:
- preparing a base surface 50 fig 1, 6 having any shape: plane or curved or any three dimensional shape, according to the shape of T INTEGRATED FORMWORK. The base may have a mechanism for vibrating the fresh concrete placed on it. The base surface may be covered with a layer that will not allow the fresh concrete to stick to the base surface. For this purpose may be used a special paint, etc.
- placing shutters 52 fig 4, 5, 6 made of steel products U
channel shaped, wood products 2x4, etc., on the base surface 50 along the perimeter of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK according to its shape and its dimensions.
- placing also shutters 90 fig 10 made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface along the perimeter of the opening (doors, 20 windows, ducts).
- placing the reinforcement for the concrete or for another material used that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 or etc.
- placing the insert 54 and 56 and securing them preferably to the wire mesh 60.

placing the fresh concrete 62 or other material on the base surface between shutters and processing it. One face or both faces of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be unfinished. However it is possible to finish the top face or the bottom face or both sides, bottom and top. ~inishing the upper surface of the concrete may be performed in various ways according to the design:
- getting a rough surface or a smooth fine surface.
- imprinting a pattern.
_placing ornamental lumber boards in patterns, etc.
_placing tiles or marble, etc., in patterns, etc.
_placing ornamental bricks 118 fig. 20 in order to get a pattern similar to one used currently for exterior walls in residential or highrise construction.
Such a T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be pre-manufactured completely and installed in the construction. Many other kinds of finish may be executed on the T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS top surface 64 fig. 1.
To execute a finish on the bottom surface 66 fig. 1 of the 20 T INTEGRATED FORMWORK the following steps may be necessary:
preparing a base surface 51 having a shape that fits the shape of T INTEGRATED FORMWORK: plane or curved or any three dimensional shape.
placing shutters 52 fig 5, 6 made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface 51 along the perimeter of the T INTEGRATED

~,~, lj FOR~ORK according to its dimensions and shape.
- placing shutters 90 fig. 10 on the base surface along the perimeter of the openings (doors, windows, etc).
- processing the finish on the bottom side of T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK facing the base surface by:
_ placing ornamental bricks 118 fig. 19 or _ placing tiles or ornamental stones or marble, or _ placing ornamental lumber boards in patterns or other materials on the base surface 51 fig. 19 lo - placing inserts 54 and 56 fig. 1 having threaded rods 58 screwed in.
- placing the reinforcement: steel welded wire mesh 60 fig. 1 or steel bars, etc.
- placing the fresh concrete 62 fig. 1, 19.
- processing the surface of the concrete as designed.
When the concrete has hardened enough the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK may be used. Generally a T INTEGRATED FORMWORK is very thin in comparison with its widths and lengths and therefore is fragile and may need temporary reinforcement. This reinforcement ~ 20 may have multiple purposes: for strengthening, manipulation, transportation, assembling, installation, connections, support, etc. First a thin protective layer 65 fig. 1 of cardboard or plastic sheet, etc., will be placed on the finished surface of T INTEGRATED FORMWORK, then steel products (U channel shaped) 68 and 70 fig. 1 or wood 2x4, etc., will be placed in a grid 21209~7 -pattern fig. 5 on the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK surface. The U channel shaped pieces 68, 70 have holes centred on the rods 58. By tightening the nuts 72 fig. 1 on the washers 74 fig. 1 the steel U
channel 6~ and 70 (in both directions) will be fastened to the T
- INTEGRATED EORMWORKS giving it enough strength to be manipulated for further operations.
Building an interior or exterior wall The T INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be put in a vertical position or in any other convenient position in order to attach to it lO insulation material 98 fig. 13, 14 and/or reinforcement steel bars 82 fig. 13, 14 or steel welded wire mesh and/or piping 102 fig. 13, 14 and/or cables 106 fig. 13, wires 104 fig. 13 and/or shutters for openings 90 fig. 10 and/or steel U channel shaped 120 and/or wood 2x4 126. etc. After placing all this materials, devices, etc., a second T INTEGRATED FORMWORK will be placed at a certain distance near the first T INTEGRATED ~ORMWORK as seen in fig. 7, 13, 14. The threaded rods 58 will be removed in both T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS and longer threaded rods 76 fig. 7 Will be introduced instead as wall ties. The rods 78 will pass through ~ 2~ both T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 63 fig. 7 and their steel U channel shaped 68 and 70 fig. 7. The threaded rod 76 will be placed inside the plastic pipe 78 fig. 7 so it will not come in contact with the fresh concrete and so the rod will be removable. The plastic pipe 78 Will act as a spacer maintaining the distance between the two T
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS while they are tightened to each other when -the nut 84 fig. 7 is fastened against the washer 86 fig. 7. At the other end of the rod may be either another nut 84 fig. 7 or a fixed head 80 fig. 7 and a washer 86 fig. 7. After the two T INTEGRATED
FO~WORKS are fastened they constitute a strong assembly that may - be transported to be installed in the structure by connecting it to neighbouring elements. The procedure of assembling the two T
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS may be executed also in the structure bringing there T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS separately and tightening them together as explain above. Assembling two T INTEGRATED FORMWOR~S
lo in order to produce a wall or other element may be performed also by placing steel products U channel shaped 120 fig 22 or wood products 126 fig 22 2x4, etc., between the two T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS. By tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig.
22 the two T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be fastened to each other.

Another possibility to produce a wall, etc., is to use T INTEGRATED FORMWORK having little exterior concrete beams 122 fig. 23 or having little interior concrete beams 124 fig. 24.
These little beams are intended to strengthen the T INTEGRATED
FOR~ORKS. The two T INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be fastened to each 20 other by tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig. 23, 24.
After the assembly of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK is installed and supported the fresh concrete 88 fig. 7 will be placed inside and processed. After the concrete has hardened enough according to the regulations, the rod 76 and the U channel shaped pieces 68 and 70 ' -7 and all the supports will be dismantled and removed. The inside of the plastic pipe 78 may be filled with grout. The two T INTEGRATED
~ORMWORKS 63 fig. 7 will remain integrated permanently in the wall having the faces already finished so that money and time are saved.
Buildinq a floor slab While processing the surface of the fresh concrete the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK may get the upper face finished as a smooth fine surface similarly to the quality of a dry wall panel. Then this finished face will be protected with a thin layer of cardboard or paper or plastic sheet, etc. Then the following steps may be performed:
- placing steel U channel shaped 68 and 70 fig. 5 on the protective layer and tightening them to the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS by using rods 58 fig. 1, nuts 72 and washers 74 fig. 1.
- transporting, installing and supporting the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORK in the structure.
- installing reinforcement 100 fig. 9 for the fresh concrete that will be placed on the upper side of the T INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS.
- 2O - connecting the steel welded wire mesh 60 fig. 1 with the reinforcement bars 100 fig. 9 in order to achieve cooperation between the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK 67 fig. 9 and the concrete 88 fig. 9 in the slab.
- installing cables 106 fig. 9, piping 102 fig. 9, wiring, etc., on the upper face of the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK.

21209~7 - placing fresh concrete and processing it.
- finishing the upper face of the fresh concrete as designed.
- dismantling the steel U channel shaped 68 and 70 that supported the T INTEGRATED FORMWORK from below, by removing the rod 58, etc.
- filling with grout the holes left after removing the rod 58.
Building a column or a beam According to the conditions the process may comprise the following steps:
- manufacturing T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having the shape fitting the sections of the column. For instance: for a rectangular section the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be shaped as follows:
4 T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 92 fig. 11, 12 assembled in a rectangular shape; or 2 L shaped T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled in a rectangular shape: or 1 U shaped T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled together with one plane shaped T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS in a rectangular shape.
There may be other ways, too, for forming the columns or the beams.
- before assembling the parts all the reinforcing steel bars, piping, wiring, etc., may be attached to one or more T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introduced between them.
The T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be assembled by using steel products, rods 76 fig 11, 12, etc., to form the column or the beam that will be installed in the structure and supported in the final position.
Fresh concrete 88 fig. 11, 12 will be placed inside the hollow section.
After the concrete has hardened enough all the supports, etc., will be dismantled. The T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will remain integrated having all the exterior sides already finished.
Buildinq a high column such as for a bridqe or a hiqhway or TV
antenna The height of such a structure may range, but is not limited to, 60-100 m high or more. The structure may have a rectangular or circular, etc., shaped section with a surface of several meters square. According to the shape and the dimensions of the structure the following steps may be necessary:
- manufacturing T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS having the shape of the structure: plane, curve, etc., such as in the procedure explained above for building a wall in any concrete structure.
The height of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS may be chosen 2~ conveniently and may be about 100 cm but may be also another dimension.
- after having the base floor ready the erection of the wall will begin, see the fig 15, 16.
- the first base row of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 114 fig 15 will be installed to build the base perimeter of the structure.

The row comprises the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS 112 fig 16 assembled together by using steel U channel shaped in both directions: horizontal pieces 110 fig 16 and vertical pieces 108 fig 16, or other means. All the pieces are tightened with rods 76 fig 16, nuts, etc., as seen in fig 7.
- after having the first row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK placed and supported, the reinforcement steel bars 117 fig 16 for the concrete will be installed in the section. Also inserts, piping 102 fig 16, cables 106 fig 16, etc., will be introduced.
lo The fresh concrete 88 fig 16 will be placed inside and processed so it will fill the section until about 15-20 cm under the top.
- the second row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK will be installed over the first one and the same operations will be performed as in the first row and so on. The structure will be erected row - after row until the top. The speed of the erection of the structure will depend on the strengths of each row that have to support the weight of all the rows above it. The steel U channel shaped that strengthen the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
2~ will not be dismantled until the concrete of a row has reached the necessary strength to support the weight of the structure above it. The shutters for the openings, the inserts, etc., will be placed in the regular way similarly to the highrises.
When finally all the supports, etc., will be dismantled all the concrete surface will be already finished, saving money and 212~957 time.
Buildinq a high (or low) structure such as a silo, chimney, reservoir, water tower etc.
The height of such a structure may range, but is not limited - to, between 50-200 m. The diameter of such a structure may range, but is not limited to, between 10-100 m. The structure may have a rectangular or circular, etc., section. According to the shape and dimensions of the structure the following steps may be necessary:
- manufacturing T. INTEGRATED EORMWORK having the shape of the structure: plane, curve, etc., like in the procedure explained above for building a wall in any concrete structure.
The height of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK may be chosen conveniently and may be about 100 cm but may also be other dimensions.
- after having the base floor ready, the erection of the wall will begin as seen in fig 17, 18.
- the first row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK 116 fig 17 will be installed to build the base perimeter of the structure. The row comprises the interior 116 fig 18 and the exterior 115 2~ fig 18 T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS assembled together by using horizontal U channel shaped 110 fig 18 and vertical steel U channel 108 tightened with rods 76 fig 18, nuts, washers, etc., as seen in fig 7.
- After having the first row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS placed and supported, the reinforcement steel bars 117 fig 18 for ~,~

the concrete will be installed in the wall from the upper side.
Also piping 102 fig 18, cables 106 fig 18, etc., will be introduced.
the fresh concrete 88 fig 18 will be placed inside the wall all along the whole perimeter and processed so that it will fill the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK until about 15-20 cm under the top.
the second row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS will be installed over the first one and the same operations will be repeated as in the first row and so on. The structure will be erected row after row until the top. The speed of the erection of the structure will depend on the strength of each row that have to support the weight of all the rows above it. The steel U channel shaped that strengthens the T. INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS of one row will not be dismantled until the concrete has reached the necessary strength to support the weight of the structure above it. In high structures that have openings, inserts, floors, they will be placed and executed in the regular way similarly to the highrises. When finally all the supports, etc., will be dismantled all the concrete surface will be already finished saving money.

~.~

Reusable concrete form Referring to the drawings the embodiment of the invention shown REUSABLE CONCREl~E FORI~ consists of one or more panels that may have any shape, plane or curve or any three dimensional shape.
- REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete or posttensioned concrete or of any material with suitable properties.
The REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM is a thin plate having the dimensions, widths and lengths, that may be equal to the dimensions of the whole element such as wall, a floor slab, a beam, a column, etc., or may be smaller depending on many factors and conditions, etc. The thickness may range, but is not limited, between several millimetres to several centimetres. A REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may comprise inserts made of a piece of sheet metal 54 fig 1, 2, 3, 4, and a nut 56 fig 1, 2, 3 welded together. The piece 54 has a hole that will be preferably in the middle. The nut 56 will be centred on this hole. The inserts 54 and 56 may be placed on a base surface 51 of a work table 50 fig 1 in a grid pattern as seen in fig 4. The REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM comprises also a reinforcement 2D for the concrete that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 fig 1.
The inserts 54 and 56 may be secured to the steel welded wire mesh in order to remain stable as positioned. The threaded row 58 fig 1, 2, 3, 4 is screwed into the nut 56 before the concrete 62 fig 1, 6, will be placed. The threaded rod 58 is not a part of the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM but it has a temporary purpose: to help ~ '1 attaching steel products or wood pieces, etc., to the REUSABLE
CONC~ETE FORM in order to strengthen it so it would be ready for manipulations, installation, transportation, etc.
The process for producing REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM exemplified - by a preferred embodiment is described with reference to the drawings and comprises the following steps;
- preparing a base surface 50 fig 1, 6 having any shape: plane or curvèd or any three dimensional shape according to the shape of REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM. The base may have a mechanism for vibrating the fresh concrete placed on it. The base surface may be covered with a layer that will not allow the fresh concrete to stic~ to the base surface. For this purpose may be used a special paint, etc.
- placing shutters 52 fig 4, 5, 6 made of steel products U
channel shaped, wood products 2x~, etc., on the base surface 50 along the perimeter of the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM according to its shape and dimensions.
- placing also shutters 90 fig 10 made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface along the perimeter of the opens (doors, 2~ windows, ducts).
- placing the reinforcement for the concrete that may be a steel welded wire mesh 60 or etc.
- placing the fresh concrete 62 on the base surface between shutters and processing it. One face or both faces of the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be unfinished. However it is ~i -possible to finish the top face or the bottom face or both sides, bottom and top. Finishing the upper surface of the concrete may be performed in various ways accord~ng to the design:
- Getting a rough surface or a smooth, fine surface _ Imprinting a pattern Such a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be pre-manufactured completely and installed in the construction. To execute a finish on the bottom surface 6G fig 1 of the REUS~BLE CONCRETE FORM the following steps may be necessary:
preparing a base surface 51 having a shape that fits the shape of REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM: plane or curve or any three dimensional shape. The base surface may be smooth or rough or may have a pattern imprinted or sticking out.
placing shutters 52 fig 5, 6 made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface 51 along the perimeter of the REUSABI.E
CONCRETE FORM according to its dimensions and shape. The base surface will be prepared to have the job of a mold:
the surface may be smooth or rough, may have a pattern imprinted or sticking out according to design.
placing shutters 90 fig lO on the base surface along the perimeter of the openings (doors, windows, etc).
placing inserts 54 and 56 fig 1 having threaded rods 58 screwed in.

L. ~

212()957 - placing the reinforcement: steel welded wire mesh 60 fig 1 or steel bars, etc.
- placing the fresh concrete 62 fig 1, 19 and processing it.
- when the concrete has hardened enough the REUSABLE CONCRETE
- FO~WORK may be used. Generally a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM is very thin in comparison with its widths and lengths and therefore is fragile and may need temporary reinforcement.
This reinforcement may have multiple purposes: for strengthening, manipulation, transportation, assembling, installation, /o connections, support, etc. First a thin protective layer 65 fig 1 of cardboard or plastic sheet, etc., will be placed on the finished surface of the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM. Then steel products such as U channel shape 68 and 70 fig 1 or wood 2x4 will be placed in a grid pattern fig 5 on the REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORM surface. The U channel shaped pieces have holes centred on the rods 58. By tightening the nuts 72 fig 1 on the washers 74 fig 1 the steel U channel shaped 68 and 70 (in both directions) will be fastened to the REUSABLE CONCRETE
FORM giving it enough strength to be manipulated for further operations.
Buildinq an interior or exterior wall The REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be put in a vertical position or in any other convenient position in order to attach to it reinforcement steel bars 82 fig 13, 14 or steel welded wire mesh, piping 102 fig 13, 14, cables 106 fig 13, wires 104 fig 13, shutters for openings 90 fig 10, etc. After placing all these materials, devices, etc., a second REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be placed at a certain distance near the first one as seen in fig 7, 13, 14. The threaded rods 58 will be removed in both REUSABLE
- CONCRETE FORM and longer threaded rods 76 fig 7 will be introduced instead as wall ties. The rods 78 will pass through both REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORM 63 fig 7 and through their steel U channel shaped 68 and 70 fig 7. The threaded row 76 will be placed inside the plastic pipe 78 fig 7 so it will not come in contact with the fresh concrete and so the rod will be removable. The plastic pipe 78 will act as a spacer maintaining the distance between the two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS while they are tightened to each other when the nut 84 fig 7 is fastened against the washer 86 fig 7. At the other end of the rod may be either another nut 84 fig 7 or a fixed head 80 fig 7 and the washer 86 fig 7. After the two REUSABLE
CONCRETE FORMS are fastened they constitute a strong assembly that may be transported to be installed in the structure by connecting it to neighbouring elements. The procedure of assembling the two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be executed also in the structure 20 bringing them there separately and tightening them together as explained above. Assembling two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS in order to produce a wall or other element may be performed also by placing steel products 120 fig 22 U channel shaped or wood 2x4 126 fig 22 or etc., between the two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM. By tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig 22 the two ll~

REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be fastened to each other.
Another possibility to produce a wall, etc., is to use REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS having little exterior concrete beams 122 fig 23 or having little interior concrete beams 124 fig 24. This little beams are intended to strengthen the REUSABLE CONCRETE
FORMS. The two REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS will be fastened to each other by tightening the nuts 84 on the threaded rod 76 fig 23, 24.
After the assembly of the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS is installed and supported the fresh concrete 88 fig 7 will be placed inside and t~ processed. After the concrete has hardened enough according to the regulations, the rod 76 and the U channel shaped pieces 68 and 70 and all the supports will be dismantled and removed. The inside of the plastic pipe 78 will be filled with grout. The two REUSABLE
-CONCRETE FORMS 63 fig 7 will be removed and prepared to be reused.
In a similar way, with some variation according to the nature of the structure, the REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS may be used in processes for producing all kinds of structures: floor slabs, columns, beams, very high columns, silo, chimney, etc. All these processes are similar to the processes for producing floor slabs, - 20 columns, beams, very high columns, silos, chimneys, etc., that use the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS. The basic difference is that in the last stage the Reusable concrete forms are dismantled and removed.
Although a few embodiments of the present invention has been described and illustrated, the present invention is not limited to the features of these emodiments but includes all variations and modifications within the scope of the claims.
The assembly of two or more T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS in order to produce a wall or any other element of a structure may be performed in a convenient place and then transported to the structure or may be performed in the structure itself or close to it.
The base surface used to produce a T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK or a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may be the face of a table or may be prepared on the ground on a concrete slab, etc.
/o The order and the nature of the steps for producing a T.
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS, a REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM or a concrete element may be changed according to neccessities.
The T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK and REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM may have standard sizes such as 2'x8', 4'x8', etc., or may have the size of half or a whole element: wall, floor slab, etc.
In order to get a strong connection between the neighbouring elements in a structure it is highly recommended that the reinforcement (steel bars, etc.) from one T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK or REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be long enough to enter ir.to the core 20 of the fresh concrete placed in the neighbouring elements (walls, floor slab, beams, columns, etc.). Also it is recommended that the reinforcement (steel bars, etc.) of a T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK or REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM will be connected to the reinforcement of the fresh concrete in the same element. This is very important especially in a floor slab.

In accordance with some conditions, sizes, etc., there may be no need for: inserts, reinforcements for the concrete, etc., in the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or the REUSUABLE CONCRETE FORMS.
The operations of assembling, strengthening, transporting, etc., may be done by different means so that the processes described above may be changed substantially and there would be no need for rods, nuts, and other means.
The inserts and the reinforcement for the concrete may be made of different materials, may have different sizes and may be placed in different locations.

Claims (34)

1. A product called TRADE MARK INTEGRATED FORMWORKS whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and it will remain integrated permanently in these products or elements or structures, comprising one or more plates that:
- may have any shape: plane, curve or any three dimensional shape;
- may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete of posttensioned concrete or other kinds of concrete or of any material with suitable properties;
- may have one side, interior or exterior, or both sides unfinished .
2. A product as claimed in claim 1 having one side, facing the interior or exterior of the structure, finished (rough or smooth surface or imprinted pattern or brick veneer or stone veneer, etc).
3. A product as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 having 2 or more sides, facing the interior and/or exterior of the structure, finished rough or smooth or imprinted pattern or brick veneer, etc.
4. A product as claimed in claim 1 and/or claim 2 and/or claim 3 comprising also inserts for various purposes that may be:
- reinforcing this product by various means; and/or - assembling a group of 2 or more such products; and/or - transporting this product; and/or - connecting this product to other products or elements in the structure, etc; and/or - securing pipes, cables, wires, steel bars, various devices, etc., to this product.
5. A product as claimed in claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 having also insulation materials (thermic, accoustic, etc) attached to it.
6. A product as claimed in claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 having also steel bars or steel welded wire mesh or any other materials or products having suitable properties attached to this product as a reinforcement for the concrete.
7. A product as claimed in claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6 having also piping and/or cables and/or wires and/or other materials or devices, etc., secured to this product.
8. A product as claimed in claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6 and/or 7 having also openings (for windows, doors, ducts, etc).
9. A product whose purpose is to be a part or a whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and it will remain integrated permanently in these products or elements or structures, comprising:
- one or more products T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS claimed in claims 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6 and/or 7 and/or 8; and - means for strengthening and/or for assembling two or more T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS and/or for connecting this product to other T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or elements in the structure and/or for transportation, etc.
10. A product that is a concrete product or an individual concrete element or a concrete element of a structure, comprising one or more elements produced as a result of placing concrete in the products claimed in claim 9, comprising:
- one or more products claimed in claim 9; and - materials and/or devices, etc., that may be attached to the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or may be introduced between the T.
INTEGRATED FORMWORKS such as: insulation materials, reinforcement for the fresh concrete, piping, cables, wires, etc.; and - the concrete placed inside one or more products.
11. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 1 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6 and/or 7 and/or 8 and/or 9 that has one side, interior or exterior, or both sides unfinished, may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve or any three dimensional shape; and - placing shutters made of steel or wood, etc., on the base surface along the perimeter of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
according to its shape and dimensions; and - placing shutters made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface for openings (windows, doors, etc); and - placing reinforcement for the concrete or for other material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.; and - placing inserts for various purposes and securing them; and - placing the fresh concrete or other materials on the base surface between the shutters and processing it.
12. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6 and/or 7 and/or 8 and/or 9 that has the top (upper) side finished, will comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve or any three dimensional shape; and - placing shutters made of steel or wood, etc., on the base surface along the perimeter of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK
according to its shape and dimensions; and - placing shutters made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface for openings (windows, doors, etc); and - placing reinforcement for concrete or for other material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc.; and - placing inserts for various purposes and securing them; and - placing the fresh concrete or other materials on the base surface, between the shutters and processing it; and - processing the top (upper) surface of the concrete or other material used in order to make a finished face that may be in various ways: rough or smooth surface, or imprinted pattern or brick veneer or stone veneer, etc.
13. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6 and/or 7 and/or 8 and/or 9 that has the bottom side finished will comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve or any three dimensional shape; and - placing shutters made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface along the perimeter of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
according to its shape and dimensions; and - placing shutters made of steel, wood, etc., on the base surface for openings (windows, doors, etc); and - processing the finish on the bottom side of the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS facing the base surface by getting a smooth surface or imprinted pattern by placing ornamental materials such as bricks or tiles or stones or marble, or making other kind of finish, etc., on the base surface; and - placing reinforcement for the concrete or for other material used: steel welded wire mesh or steel bars, etc; and - placing inserts for various purposes and securing them; and - placing the fresh concrete or another material on the base surface between the shutters and processing the upper surface.
14. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 9 may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- various means (steel products, wood products, etc) for strengthening, assembling, connecting, supporting, transporting, etc., are fastened to the products claimed in claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8; and - strengthening, assembling, connecting, supporting, transporting, etc., products claimed in claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8.
15. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 10 that may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- installing and connecting the product claimed in claim 9 in the structure; and - supporting the product in the structure; and - attaching to the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS or introducing between T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS materials and/or devices such as: insulation materials, reinforcement (steel bars, etc) for the fresh concrete placed between the T. INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS, piping, cables, wires, etc; and - placing fresh concrete inside the product claimed in claim 9; and - dismantling all the connections, supports, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
16. A process for producing an interior or exterior wall may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- two or more T. INTEGRATED FORWORKS claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 will be assembled and fastened to each other having a certain distance between them where some materials, devices, etc., may be placed; and - installing this assembly in the structure and/or connecting and/or supporting it; and - placing the concrete between the two T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
and processing it; and - dismantling all the supports after the concrete has hardened enough.
17. A process for producing a concrete slab for a floor, roof, etc., may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- strengthening one or more T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 by various means (steel products, wood products, etc); and - transporting the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to the structure; and - installing the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS in the structure with the finished face downwards; and - supporting the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS; and - placing various devices and materials on the T. INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS such as: reinforcement for concrete, piping, cables, etc; and - placing the concrete on the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORK and processing; and - dismantling all the supports, connections, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
18. A process for producing concrete beams and concrete columns may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- one or more T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 will be assembled and fastened to each other forming the designed shape of the beam or column; and - installing this assembly in the structure (highrise, etc) and supporting it; and - placing the reinforcement for the concrete and other materials that may be piping, cables, etc; and - placing the concrete inside the assembly of the T. INTEGRATED
FORMWORKS and processng it; and - dismantling all the supports, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
19. A process for producing a brick veneer wall or stone or marble veneer wall, etc., may comprise of all or a part of the following steps:
- strengthening one or more T. INTEGRATED FORMRWORKS claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 8 by various means (steel, wood, etc); and - transporting the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to the structure (residental or highrise, etc); and - installing and supporting the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS in the structure with the finished side facing outside; and - connecting the T. INTEGRATED FORWORKS to the structure by various means as desgined: by welding, and/or anchor bolts, and/or by placing concrete in neighbouring elements of the structure: beams, columns, slabs, etc; and - dismantling all the temporary supports.
20. A process for producing a high concrete structure having a full section such as a column for a bridge or for a highway that may comprise all or a part of the following steps:

- manufacturing T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS with adequate shape and structure; and - installing the first (base) row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 in order to build the base perimeter of the structure; and - connecting the T. INTEGRATED WORKFORMS to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc; and - supporting this structure; and - placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforceent for the concrete (steel bars, etc) inserts, piping, cables, etc; and - placing concrete inside the structure and processing it; and - installing the second row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations;
and - continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top;
and - finally dismantling all the support materials.
21. A process for producing a high concrete structure having a hollow section such as a silo, chimney, reservoir, that may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS
claimed in claim 9 in order to build the base perimeter of the structure; and - connecting the T. INTEGRATED FORMWORKS to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc; and - supporting this structure; and - placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc) inserts, piping, cables, etc; and - placing concrete inside the structure and processing it; and - installing the second row of T. INTEGRATD FORMWORKS
similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations;
and - continuing to erect the structure until the top; and - finally dismantling all the supporting materials.
22. A product called REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM whose purpose is to be a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and is removable and reusable comprising one or more concrete plates that:
- may have any shape: plane, curved or any three dimensional shape;
- may be made of concrete or reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete or posttensioned concrete or other kinds of concrete;
- may have both sides unfinished;
- may have one face finished and one face unfinished;
- may have both sides finished.
23. A product as claimed in claim 22 comprising also inserts for various purposes that may be:
- for reinforcing this product; and/or - for assembling a group of two or more such products; and/or - for connecting, transporting, etc., this product.
24. A product as claimed in claim 22 and/or 23 comprising also reinforcement for the concrete that may be: steel bars, or steel welded wire mesh, etc.
25. A product as claimed in claim 22 and/or 23 and/or 24 having also openings (for windows, doors, ducts, etc).
26. A product called REUSABLE CONCRETE FORM whose purpose is to he a part or the whole of a formwork for placing concrete in concrete products or in individual concrete elements or in concrete elements of a structure and is removable and reusable, comprising:
- one or more products claimed in claim 22 or 23 or 24 or 25; and - means for strengthening and/or for assembling two or more such products and/or for connecting, transporting, etc.
27. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 22 and/or claim 23 and/or claim 24 and/or claim 25 may comprise the following steps:
- preparing a base surface having any shape: plane or curve or any three dimensional shape; and - placing shutters made of steel or wood etc., on the base surface along the perimeter of the product according to its shape and dimensions; and - placing shutters made of steel or wood on the base surface for openings (windows, doors, etc); and - placing reinforcement for the concrete: steel bars, etc; and - placing inserts for various purposes and securing them; and - placing the fresh concrete on the base surface between the shutters and processing it according to the design that may be: both surfaces, interior and exterior, unfinished or both surfaces, interior and exterior, finished or only one surface finished and the other unfinished.
28. A process for producing a product claimed in claim 26, may comprise the following steps:
- various means (steel products, wood products, etc.) for strengthening, assembling, supporting, transporting, etc., are fastened to the products claimed in claim 22 or 23 or 24 or 25; and - the products claimed in claim 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 are strengthened and/or assembled and/or supported and/or transported, etc., by using the above means.
29. A process for producing a product that is a concrete product or an individual concrete element or a concrete element of a stucture by using the formworks called REUSABLE CONCRETE FORMS made of thin concrete plates comprising all or a part of the folliwng steps:
- installing and connecting the formworks made of thin concrete plates in the structure; and - supporting these formworks in the structure; and - installing on or between the formworks materials and/or devices such as: insulation materials, reinforcement (steel bars, etc) for the fresh concrete placed between the formworks, piping, cables, wires, etc; and - placing fresh concrete on or between the formworks; and - dismantling all the connections, supports and the formworks, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
30. A process for producing an interior or exterior wall may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- two or more Reusable concrete forms claimed in claims 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 will be assembled and fastened to each other having a certain distance between them where some materials, devices, etc., may be placed; and - installing this assembly in the structure and/or connecting and/or supporting it; and - placing the concrete between the two Reusable concrete forms and processing it; and - dismantling all the supports and the Reusable concrete forms after the concrete has hardened enough.
31. A process for producing a concrete slab for a floor, roof, etc., may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- strengthening one or more Reusable concrete forms claimed in claims 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 by various means (steel products, wood products, etc); and - transporting the Reusable concrete forms to the structure; and - installing and supporting the Reusable concrete forms in the structure; and - placing various devices and materials on the Reusable concrete forms such as: reinforcement for concrete, piping, cables, etc.; and - placing the concrete on the Reusable concrete forms and processing it; and - dismantling all the supports, connections, and the Reusable concrete forms, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
32. A process for producing concrete beams and concrete columns may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- one or more Reusable concrete formworks claimed in claim 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 will be assembled and fastened to each other forming the designed shape of the beam or column; and - installing this assembly in this strucutre (highrise, etc.) and supporting it; and - placing the reinforcement for the concrete and other materials such as piping, cables, etc.,; and - placing the concrete inside the assembly of the Reusable concrete formworks and processing it; and - dismantling all the supports and the Reusable concrete forms, etc., after the concrete has hardened enough.
33. A process for producing a high concrete structure having a full section such as a column for a bridge or for a highway that may comprise all or a part of the following steps:
- manufacturing Reusable concrete forms with adequate shape and structure; and - installing the first (base) row of Reusable concrete forms claimed in claim 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 in order to build the base perimeter of the structure; and - connecting the Reusable concrete forms to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc.; and - supporting this structure; and - placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc.), inserts, piping, cables, etc.,; and - placing concrete inside the structure and processing it; and - installing the second row of Reusable concrete forms similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations; and - continuing to erect the structure row after row until the top;
and - finally dismantling all the support materials and all the Reusable concrete forms.
34. A process for producing a high concrete structure having a hollow section such as a silo, chimney, reservoir, that may comprise all or part of the following steps:
- installing the first (base) row of Reusable concrete forms claimed in claim 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 in order to build the base perimeter of the structure; and - connecting the Reusable concrete forms to each other by using various means: steel products, wood products, etc.; and - supporting this structure; and - placing inside this structure various materials and devices:
reinforcement for the concrete (steel bars, etc.), inserts, piping, cables, etc.; and - placing concrete inside the structure and processing it; and - installing the second row of Reusable concrete forms similarly to the first row and repeating the same operations; and - continuing to erect the structure until the top; and - finally dismantling all the supporting materials and all the Reusable concrete forms.
CA 2120957 1994-04-11 1994-04-11 Integrated formworks Abandoned CA2120957A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2120957 CA2120957A1 (en) 1994-04-11 1994-04-11 Integrated formworks

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2120957 CA2120957A1 (en) 1994-04-11 1994-04-11 Integrated formworks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2120957A1 true CA2120957A1 (en) 1995-10-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA 2120957 Abandoned CA2120957A1 (en) 1994-04-11 1994-04-11 Integrated formworks

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CA (1) CA2120957A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2078799A1 (en) * 2008-01-09 2009-07-15 Joseph Portmann Method for erecting walls and walls built according to this method
WO2019156581A1 (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-15 Petrovic Nenad Method of production of thin-walled, self-supported stone rosettes or any flat, self-supported thin-walled stone structures made by cutting from stone slabs
WO2024038296A1 (en) * 2022-08-13 2024-02-22 BERKOVS, Boriss Methods for erecting building structures in non-detachable formwork and systems for their implementation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2078799A1 (en) * 2008-01-09 2009-07-15 Joseph Portmann Method for erecting walls and walls built according to this method
WO2019156581A1 (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-15 Petrovic Nenad Method of production of thin-walled, self-supported stone rosettes or any flat, self-supported thin-walled stone structures made by cutting from stone slabs
WO2024038296A1 (en) * 2022-08-13 2024-02-22 BERKOVS, Boriss Methods for erecting building structures in non-detachable formwork and systems for their implementation

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