CA2075968C - Apparatus and method for building a foundation for upright or for making passages therethrough - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for building a foundation for upright or for making passages therethroughInfo
- Publication number
- CA2075968C CA2075968C CA002075968A CA2075968A CA2075968C CA 2075968 C CA2075968 C CA 2075968C CA 002075968 A CA002075968 A CA 002075968A CA 2075968 A CA2075968 A CA 2075968A CA 2075968 C CA2075968 C CA 2075968C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- helical auger
- section
- body portion
- conical section
- drive shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007673 Origanum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
- E02D31/14—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure against frost heaves in soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/801—Ground anchors driven by screwing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2207—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used
- E04H12/2215—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used driven into the ground
- E04H12/2223—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used driven into the ground by screwing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for building a foundation for uprights, such as flagpoles, posts, pillars or the like, or for making passages e.g. for cables, tubes etc. The apparatus (1) includes a drive-shaft (3) equipped helical auger (2). Shaft (3) is provided with a tubular body portion (4, 4a). The end of body section (4a) facing said helical auger (2) is fitted with a conical section (5) tapering towards helical auger (2). Thus, when the apparatus is in operation, said tapered section (5) serves to compact a soil layer softened by helical auger (2),
Description
~~~'~~96~
WO 91/13225 . 1 PCT/F191/00058 Apparatus and method for building a foundation for uprights or for making passages therethrough.
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a meth-od for building a foundation, particularly a frost-resistant foundation, for uprights such as flagpoles, posts, pillars or the like or for making passages there-through e.g. for cables, tubes etc., said apparatus com-prising a drive-shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, the helical auger having a substantially larger diameter than the body portion.
At present, the upright foundations are generally built by digging a hole in the ground, by setting a concrete pipe in the hole and by casting grippers or a self-erectable assembly in the concrete pipe. This type of method is relatively tedious and, in addition, causes disturbances in the environment e.g. when the installa-tion is made on a lawn, due to the necessity of digging a sufficiently large erection hole. The passages are presently made by using e.g. percussion drilling, press-ure drilling as well as ramming. One drawback in these methods is a relatively high power demand of the equip-ment used therein.
An object of the invention is to provide a relatively simple and expedient method and apparatus for facilitat-ing the building of a foundation for uprights, said apparatus and method being also applicable for fixing various objects to the bottoms of waterways. Another object is to provide an apparatus and a method for making various passages e.g. for passing under traffic routes. In order to achieve these objects, an appa-ratus of the invention is characterized by what is set 20 ~ 59 sa forth in.the characterizing clause of claim 11. On the other hand, methods of the invention are characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing clauses of claims 10, 12 and 13.
The most important benefit offered by an apparatus and a method of the invention is that the tapered leading end of a body portion achieves the compaction of the earth material penetrated by a helical auger, thus providing an improved for a foundation or a passage.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for at least one of building a frost-resistant foundation for uprights and making passages, said apparatus comprising: a drive shaft equipped helical auger, which shaft is fitted with a tubular body portion, a~ diameter of said helical auger being substantially larger than a diameter of said body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; said tubular body portion having at least a first body section, an end of said first body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger being fitted with a conical section tapering towards hE;lical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger;
whereby, when the apparatus is in operation, said tapered conical section compacts a soil layer softened by said helical auger, a volume of earth material compacted by said conical section being at least equal to a volume of earth material displaced by said helical auger during the course of a single rotation thereof.
The first body section may be fixedly mounted on said drive shaft.
A
-2a-The body portion may have first and second body sections, said first body section being a leading section and said second body section being a remaining body section, said leading section of said first and second sections being fixedly mounted on said drive shaft and said remaining body section of said first and second sections being mounted in a freely rotatable fashion relative to said leading section, said remaining section being made of a thin sheet material so as to serve as a tubular mould for a foundation or as a passage conduit. The remaining section may comprise a pipeline.
The body portion may be mounted in a freely rotatable fashion on said drive shaft, the apparatus being operated by rotating said drive shaft.
The body portion may have at least first and second sections, said first and second sections being coupled together by means of an internal connecting sleeve.
The magnitude of a coning angle a of said tapered conical section may be in the range of 25° to 50°. Alternatively, the magnitude of the coning angle a of said tapered conical section may be in the range of 30° to 45°.
An external diameter of said body portion to an external diameter of said drive shaft may be in the range of 1.5:1 to 10:1. Alternatively, the ratio may be in the range of 2:1 to 8:1.
The apparatus may be an anchoring apparatus for objects to be anchored on or below a surface of a waterway.
A
-2b- 2 0 ~ 5 9 s s According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for building a frost-resistant foundation for uprights, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus which includes a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of aaid tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a tapered conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; and driving said apparatus to a desired depth in a soil material by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger, a volume of earth material compacted by said conical section being at least equal to a volume of earth material displaced by said helical auger during the course of a single rotation thereof.
The method may further includes a step of filling with concrete said tubular body portion.
According to a third aspect of the invention, 'there is provided a method for making passages, said method comprising the stepa of: providing an apparatus having a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through A
-2c--- _ 20 7 59 68 a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger;
and removing said apparatus completely on an emerging side such that a passage is formed by a compacted conduit directly in earth material.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for making passages, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus having a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion having at least one tubular section, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of :;aid tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical sE;ction being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger; and partially removing said apparatus on an emerging side such that sand at least one tubular section remains in position for providing a passage.
The invention will now be described with reference made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a lateral and sectional view of one embodiment for an apparatus of the invention, and fig 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in fig. 1.
A
-2d-According to figs. 1 and 2, an apparatus of the invention includes a helical auger 2 which is provided with a drive shaft 3. The drive shaft 3 carries a tubular body portion, which in the illustrated embodiment, includes two sections 4 and 4a.
The end of a leading section 4a facing said helical auger 2 is provided with a conical section 5 tapering towards the helical auger' 2, said tapered section achieving the compaction of a soil layer penetrated by the helical auger. The magnitude of a coning angle a of tapered section 5 is suitably within the range of circa 25-50°
and preferably circa 30-45°. The length of tapered section 5 is preferably at least equal to the pitch of helical auger 2, whereby the volume of earth material l0 compacted by tapered section is at least equal to that of earth material 3 n ~ 7 5 9 6 8 PCT/F191/00058 displaced by helical auger 2 during a single rotation.
In view of compaction purposes, said tapered section 5 is located between helical auger 2 and body section 4a, whereby the apex of tapered section 5 facing said helical auger 2 is preferably substantially level with the top edge of helical auger 2, e.g. as shown with dash-dot-lines in fig. 1, the earth material being compacted substantially over the entire length of the apparatus.
In view of effective compacti~on, the ratio of the ex-ternal diameter of tubular sec tion 4a to that of the cylindrical section of drive shaft 3 is suitably within the range of circa 1,5 - 10:1, preferably circa 2 - 8:1.
The ratio of the diameter of :helical auger 2 to the ex-ternal diameter of body section 4a is at least appr.
1,8:1. Normally, the ratio is within the range of appr.
2:1 - appr. 3:1. The upper limit depends primarily on the earth material and it can be multiple compared with the above-described values. On the other hand, the ratio Setween the diameter of helical auger 2 and that of drive shaft 3 at the plate section is at least circa 2,7:1, the optimum range being circa 10 - 12:1. The drive shaft 3 is further fitted with a flange element 7 which is set on top of a component 8, the latter being fitted inside tubular section 4a and providing a bearing surface. The end 10 of drive shaft 3 facing body section 4a is pre-ferably designed to be square-shaped for rotating said drive shaft 3 with an appropriate wrench, adapted for working inside tube 4. The end 10 of drive shaft 3 facing body section 4a can also be provided with other types of gripping means for a driving device, such means including e.g. an Allen key hole, a threaded hole, a square hole etc., wherein a complementary-shaped tool can be fitted for rotating thee drive shaft. inside the ends of body portion 4a and 4 coming against each other ~o~~~s~
WO 91/13225 . 1 PCT/F191/00058 Apparatus and method for building a foundation for uprights or for making passages therethrough.
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a meth-od for building a foundation, particularly a frost-resistant foundation, for uprights such as flagpoles, posts, pillars or the like or for making passages there-through e.g. for cables, tubes etc., said apparatus com-prising a drive-shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, the helical auger having a substantially larger diameter than the body portion.
At present, the upright foundations are generally built by digging a hole in the ground, by setting a concrete pipe in the hole and by casting grippers or a self-erectable assembly in the concrete pipe. This type of method is relatively tedious and, in addition, causes disturbances in the environment e.g. when the installa-tion is made on a lawn, due to the necessity of digging a sufficiently large erection hole. The passages are presently made by using e.g. percussion drilling, press-ure drilling as well as ramming. One drawback in these methods is a relatively high power demand of the equip-ment used therein.
An object of the invention is to provide a relatively simple and expedient method and apparatus for facilitat-ing the building of a foundation for uprights, said apparatus and method being also applicable for fixing various objects to the bottoms of waterways. Another object is to provide an apparatus and a method for making various passages e.g. for passing under traffic routes. In order to achieve these objects, an appa-ratus of the invention is characterized by what is set 20 ~ 59 sa forth in.the characterizing clause of claim 11. On the other hand, methods of the invention are characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing clauses of claims 10, 12 and 13.
The most important benefit offered by an apparatus and a method of the invention is that the tapered leading end of a body portion achieves the compaction of the earth material penetrated by a helical auger, thus providing an improved for a foundation or a passage.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for at least one of building a frost-resistant foundation for uprights and making passages, said apparatus comprising: a drive shaft equipped helical auger, which shaft is fitted with a tubular body portion, a~ diameter of said helical auger being substantially larger than a diameter of said body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; said tubular body portion having at least a first body section, an end of said first body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger being fitted with a conical section tapering towards hE;lical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger;
whereby, when the apparatus is in operation, said tapered conical section compacts a soil layer softened by said helical auger, a volume of earth material compacted by said conical section being at least equal to a volume of earth material displaced by said helical auger during the course of a single rotation thereof.
The first body section may be fixedly mounted on said drive shaft.
A
-2a-The body portion may have first and second body sections, said first body section being a leading section and said second body section being a remaining body section, said leading section of said first and second sections being fixedly mounted on said drive shaft and said remaining body section of said first and second sections being mounted in a freely rotatable fashion relative to said leading section, said remaining section being made of a thin sheet material so as to serve as a tubular mould for a foundation or as a passage conduit. The remaining section may comprise a pipeline.
The body portion may be mounted in a freely rotatable fashion on said drive shaft, the apparatus being operated by rotating said drive shaft.
The body portion may have at least first and second sections, said first and second sections being coupled together by means of an internal connecting sleeve.
The magnitude of a coning angle a of said tapered conical section may be in the range of 25° to 50°. Alternatively, the magnitude of the coning angle a of said tapered conical section may be in the range of 30° to 45°.
An external diameter of said body portion to an external diameter of said drive shaft may be in the range of 1.5:1 to 10:1. Alternatively, the ratio may be in the range of 2:1 to 8:1.
The apparatus may be an anchoring apparatus for objects to be anchored on or below a surface of a waterway.
A
-2b- 2 0 ~ 5 9 s s According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for building a frost-resistant foundation for uprights, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus which includes a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of aaid tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a tapered conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; and driving said apparatus to a desired depth in a soil material by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger, a volume of earth material compacted by said conical section being at least equal to a volume of earth material displaced by said helical auger during the course of a single rotation thereof.
The method may further includes a step of filling with concrete said tubular body portion.
According to a third aspect of the invention, 'there is provided a method for making passages, said method comprising the stepa of: providing an apparatus having a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through A
-2c--- _ 20 7 59 68 a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger;
and removing said apparatus completely on an emerging side such that a passage is formed by a compacted conduit directly in earth material.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for making passages, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus having a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion having at least one tubular section, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of :;aid tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical sE;ction being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger; and partially removing said apparatus on an emerging side such that sand at least one tubular section remains in position for providing a passage.
The invention will now be described with reference made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a lateral and sectional view of one embodiment for an apparatus of the invention, and fig 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in fig. 1.
A
-2d-According to figs. 1 and 2, an apparatus of the invention includes a helical auger 2 which is provided with a drive shaft 3. The drive shaft 3 carries a tubular body portion, which in the illustrated embodiment, includes two sections 4 and 4a.
The end of a leading section 4a facing said helical auger 2 is provided with a conical section 5 tapering towards the helical auger' 2, said tapered section achieving the compaction of a soil layer penetrated by the helical auger. The magnitude of a coning angle a of tapered section 5 is suitably within the range of circa 25-50°
and preferably circa 30-45°. The length of tapered section 5 is preferably at least equal to the pitch of helical auger 2, whereby the volume of earth material l0 compacted by tapered section is at least equal to that of earth material 3 n ~ 7 5 9 6 8 PCT/F191/00058 displaced by helical auger 2 during a single rotation.
In view of compaction purposes, said tapered section 5 is located between helical auger 2 and body section 4a, whereby the apex of tapered section 5 facing said helical auger 2 is preferably substantially level with the top edge of helical auger 2, e.g. as shown with dash-dot-lines in fig. 1, the earth material being compacted substantially over the entire length of the apparatus.
In view of effective compacti~on, the ratio of the ex-ternal diameter of tubular sec tion 4a to that of the cylindrical section of drive shaft 3 is suitably within the range of circa 1,5 - 10:1, preferably circa 2 - 8:1.
The ratio of the diameter of :helical auger 2 to the ex-ternal diameter of body section 4a is at least appr.
1,8:1. Normally, the ratio is within the range of appr.
2:1 - appr. 3:1. The upper limit depends primarily on the earth material and it can be multiple compared with the above-described values. On the other hand, the ratio Setween the diameter of helical auger 2 and that of drive shaft 3 at the plate section is at least circa 2,7:1, the optimum range being circa 10 - 12:1. The drive shaft 3 is further fitted with a flange element 7 which is set on top of a component 8, the latter being fitted inside tubular section 4a and providing a bearing surface. The end 10 of drive shaft 3 facing body section 4a is pre-ferably designed to be square-shaped for rotating said drive shaft 3 with an appropriate wrench, adapted for working inside tube 4. The end 10 of drive shaft 3 facing body section 4a can also be provided with other types of gripping means for a driving device, such means including e.g. an Allen key hole, a threaded hole, a square hole etc., wherein a complementary-shaped tool can be fitted for rotating thee drive shaft. inside the ends of body portion 4a and 4 coming against each other ~o~~~s~
is preferably provided a threaded section 9 which car-ries a threaded connecting sleeve 6 for fastening said body sections 4a and 4 remova:bly to each other. In .addition, the end of body portion 4 facing away from said leading section 4a can be provided with a corre-sponding threading for extending the body portion to include a plurality of sections.
The body portion 4a, 4 can also be designed as an integ-ral component, fixedly mounted on drive shaft 3, the apparatus thus being operated preferably by rotating the body portion.
The apparatus can also be designed e.g. in a manner that the leading section 4a of a body portion is fixed-ly mounted on drive shaft 3 while the remaining section 4 is made e.g. of a thin-walled sheet metal pipe, a plastic tube or a like, which can be used as a tubular mould when building a foundation.
v~hen using the apparatus for building a foundation for uprights, said drive shaft 3 is rotated by means of appropriate driving mechanisms to a desired depth and, if necessary, the apparatus length is increased by in-cluding more tubular sections 4 in the apparatus by means of connecting sleeves 6 or like fastening ele-ments. After reaching a desired depth, the driving mechanism can be removed or left in position, if desi-red. Thus, the apparatus can be used as a foundation as such, whereby a structure to be erected can be in-serted directly inside tubular section 4 or it can be filled e.g. with cast concrete for building a more stable foundation, in which case the top portion of a foundation is usually provided with separate fastening elements for fixing a structure to be erected.
~0~'.~968 When operating at relatively l.ow depths, e.g. appr.
0,5 - 2,5 m, it is possible to use an embodiment in which the body portion forms an integral unit with shaft 3, the apparatus being operable by rotating the body portion with appropriate mechanisms. This is well applicable e.g. to building foundations for fence posts.
In view of making a foundation frost-resistant, the upper portion of the apparatus can be provided e.g.
with a suitable plate element which is tightened in position so as to produce tension in a soil layer be-tween helical auger 2 and a p:Late element. Generally, the freezing of earth produces a vacuum in the soil layer, said layer absorbing water from the deeper non-freezing layers. The above-described formation of tension in a soil layer prevents the absorption of water into said soil layer and, thus, the formation of so-called frost boils.
Tahen using the apparatus for making passages, said drive shaft 3 is rotated with appropriate driving mechanisms until the apparatus comes into the sight e.g. on the other side of a road, if the question is about road underpasses. After the apparatus has come in sight on the opposite side, the apex section 4a can be removed in the illustrated embodiment and the re-maining body section 4 can be left as such to serve as a cable conduit.
In order to provide a passage for various tubes, cables and the like it is also possible to employ such an embodiment, wherein said drive shaft 3 is only fitted with a short apex section 4a of the body portion where-by, when operating in a suitable soil material, the ~o~~~~s apparatus creates directly in the soil material a re-latively tight-surfaced duct for tubes, cables and the like. This embodiment is also useful in building foundations, the duct being fi:Lled e.g. with concrete and a drive-shaft operating means, e.g. a rod or a wire cable, is preferably left in position inside cast concrete.
The above-described embodiment;a are only intended to show examples of a few preferred designs and applica-tions for the apparatus and the=_ method and there is no intention to limit the scope o:E protection defined in the annexed claims. The apparatus can be used e.g.,in place of a drilling pole and a:Lso as an achoring device and erection method in the soi:L layer of the bottom of waterways, even at the depths of several hundred meters. In this context, it i;s essential that the installation can be effected from a vessel on the surf-ace or even from the surface o:f frozen ice, the helical auger overcoming the levating :force caused by ice, whereby this application is excellent e.g. as a pier DOSt.
In the context of the present application it is used the term "helical auger" for the helical member 2. It should be noted that the helical member 2 is used mainly as a tool to pull the apparatus 1 into the ground as well as a load-bearing member and, therefore, the term helical auger could be replaced e.g.
by one of the terms "helical blade, helical plate or helical flange" whichever is preferred.
The body portion 4a, 4 can also be designed as an integ-ral component, fixedly mounted on drive shaft 3, the apparatus thus being operated preferably by rotating the body portion.
The apparatus can also be designed e.g. in a manner that the leading section 4a of a body portion is fixed-ly mounted on drive shaft 3 while the remaining section 4 is made e.g. of a thin-walled sheet metal pipe, a plastic tube or a like, which can be used as a tubular mould when building a foundation.
v~hen using the apparatus for building a foundation for uprights, said drive shaft 3 is rotated by means of appropriate driving mechanisms to a desired depth and, if necessary, the apparatus length is increased by in-cluding more tubular sections 4 in the apparatus by means of connecting sleeves 6 or like fastening ele-ments. After reaching a desired depth, the driving mechanism can be removed or left in position, if desi-red. Thus, the apparatus can be used as a foundation as such, whereby a structure to be erected can be in-serted directly inside tubular section 4 or it can be filled e.g. with cast concrete for building a more stable foundation, in which case the top portion of a foundation is usually provided with separate fastening elements for fixing a structure to be erected.
~0~'.~968 When operating at relatively l.ow depths, e.g. appr.
0,5 - 2,5 m, it is possible to use an embodiment in which the body portion forms an integral unit with shaft 3, the apparatus being operable by rotating the body portion with appropriate mechanisms. This is well applicable e.g. to building foundations for fence posts.
In view of making a foundation frost-resistant, the upper portion of the apparatus can be provided e.g.
with a suitable plate element which is tightened in position so as to produce tension in a soil layer be-tween helical auger 2 and a p:Late element. Generally, the freezing of earth produces a vacuum in the soil layer, said layer absorbing water from the deeper non-freezing layers. The above-described formation of tension in a soil layer prevents the absorption of water into said soil layer and, thus, the formation of so-called frost boils.
Tahen using the apparatus for making passages, said drive shaft 3 is rotated with appropriate driving mechanisms until the apparatus comes into the sight e.g. on the other side of a road, if the question is about road underpasses. After the apparatus has come in sight on the opposite side, the apex section 4a can be removed in the illustrated embodiment and the re-maining body section 4 can be left as such to serve as a cable conduit.
In order to provide a passage for various tubes, cables and the like it is also possible to employ such an embodiment, wherein said drive shaft 3 is only fitted with a short apex section 4a of the body portion where-by, when operating in a suitable soil material, the ~o~~~~s apparatus creates directly in the soil material a re-latively tight-surfaced duct for tubes, cables and the like. This embodiment is also useful in building foundations, the duct being fi:Lled e.g. with concrete and a drive-shaft operating means, e.g. a rod or a wire cable, is preferably left in position inside cast concrete.
The above-described embodiment;a are only intended to show examples of a few preferred designs and applica-tions for the apparatus and the=_ method and there is no intention to limit the scope o:E protection defined in the annexed claims. The apparatus can be used e.g.,in place of a drilling pole and a:Lso as an achoring device and erection method in the soi:L layer of the bottom of waterways, even at the depths of several hundred meters. In this context, it i;s essential that the installation can be effected from a vessel on the surf-ace or even from the surface o:f frozen ice, the helical auger overcoming the levating :force caused by ice, whereby this application is excellent e.g. as a pier DOSt.
In the context of the present application it is used the term "helical auger" for the helical member 2. It should be noted that the helical member 2 is used mainly as a tool to pull the apparatus 1 into the ground as well as a load-bearing member and, therefore, the term helical auger could be replaced e.g.
by one of the terms "helical blade, helical plate or helical flange" whichever is preferred.
Claims (15)
1. An apparatus for at least one of building a frost-resistant foundation for uprights and making passages, said apparatus comprising: a drive shaft equipped helical auger, which shaft is fitted with a tubular body portion, a diameter of said helical auger being substantially larger than a diameter of said body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; said tubular body portion having at least a first body section, an end of said first body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger being fitted with a conical section tapering towards helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; whereby, when the apparatus is in operation, said tapered conical section compacts a soil layer softened by said helical auger, a volume of earth material compacted by said conical section being at least equal to a volume of earth material displaced by said helical auger during the course of a single rotation thereof.
2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first body section is fixedly mounted on said drive shaft.
3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the body portion has first and second body sections, said first body section being a leading section and said second body section being a remaining body section, said leading section of said first and second sections being fixedly mounted on said drive shaft and said remaining body section of said first and second sections being mounted in a freely rotatable fashion relative to said leading section, said remaining section being made of a thin sheet material so as to serve as a tubular mould for a foundation or as a passage conduit.
4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein said remaining section comprises a pipeline.
5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said body portion is mounted in a freely rotatable fashion on said drive shaft, the apparatus being operated by rotating said drive shaft.
6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5, wherein said body portion has at least first and second sections, said first and second sections being coupled together by means of an internal connecting sleeve.
7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein a magnitude of a coning angle a of said tapered conical section is in the range of 25°
to 50°.
to 50°.
8. The apparatus as set north in claim 1, wherein an external diameter of said body portion to an external diameter of said drive shaft is in the range of 1.5:1 to 10:1.
9. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is an anchoring apparatus for objects to be anchored on or below a surface of a waterway.
10. A method for building a frost-resistant foundation for uprights, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus which includes a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a tapered conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; and driving said apparatus to a desired depth in a soil material by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger, a volume of earth material compacted by said conical section being at least equal to a volume of earth material displaced by said helical auger during the course of a single rotation thereof.
11. The method as set forth in claim 10, wherein the method further includes a step of filling with concrete said tubular body portion.
12. A method for making passages, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus having a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1;
fitting an end of a body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger; and removing said apparatus completely on an emerging side such that a passage is formed by a compacted conduit directly in earth material.
fitting an end of a body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger; and removing said apparatus completely on an emerging side such that a passage is formed by a compacted conduit directly in earth material.
13. A method for making passages, said method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus having a drive shaft equipped helical auger, said shaft being provided with a tubular body portion having at least one tubular section, a ratio of said diameter of said helical auger to said diameter of said tubular body portion being at least 1.8:1; fitting an end of a body section of said tubular body portion facing said helical auger with a conical section which tapers towards said helical auger, an apex of said conical section being substantially level with a top edge of said helical auger, and a length of said conical section being at least equal to a pitch of said helical auger; driving said apparatus through a soil layer to be penetrated by rotating said drive shaft, said tapered conical section serving to compact a softened soil layer penetrated by said helical auger;
and partially removing said apparatus on an emerging side such that said apex and said helical auger are removed and said at least one tubular section remains in position for providing a passage.
and partially removing said apparatus on an emerging side such that said apex and said helical auger are removed and said at least one tubular section remains in position for providing a passage.
14. The apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein the magnitude of the coning angle a of said tapered conical section is in the range of 30° to 45°.
15. The apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein the ratio is in the range of 2:1 to 8:1.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI901002 | 1990-02-28 | ||
| FI901002A FI94885C (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1990-02-28 | Apparatus and method for forming a vertical foundation or for making vias |
| PCT/FI1991/000058 WO1991013225A1 (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1991-02-25 | Apparatus and method for building a foundation for uprights or for making passages therethrough |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2075968A1 CA2075968A1 (en) | 1991-08-29 |
| CA2075968C true CA2075968C (en) | 1999-11-16 |
Family
ID=8529966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002075968A Expired - Lifetime CA2075968C (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1991-02-25 | Apparatus and method for building a foundation for upright or for making passages therethrough |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5295766A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0517731B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE126311T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU647776B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2075968C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69112043T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0517731T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI94885C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991013225A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU655150B3 (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1994-12-01 | Instant Foundations (Aust) Pty Ltd | Ground anchors |
| DE9313258U1 (en) * | 1993-09-02 | 1994-03-24 | Krinner, Klaus, 94342 Straßkirchen | Fastening device for rods, posts, masts or the like. in the ground |
| AU4319096A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-07-10 | Peter Ronald Courtney | A utensil for removing goods from a can |
| US6058662A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 2000-05-09 | Secure Products, Llc | Earth anchors and methods for their use |
| US6298611B1 (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2001-10-09 | James Oliver | Ground anchor with self-aligning compression cap |
| US6412235B1 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2002-07-02 | Joseph T. Pylant | Removable screw-type, in-ground anchor device |
| AU2003257250C9 (en) * | 2002-09-02 | 2009-04-02 | Neil John Stephens | Compression pile anchor device |
| US6682267B1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-01-27 | Robert L. Jones | Piering device with adjustable helical plate |
| US6971209B1 (en) | 2003-04-28 | 2005-12-06 | Home Pride, Inc. | Stabilization system for an anchor and method of use thereof |
| US7037045B2 (en) * | 2003-10-06 | 2006-05-02 | Jones Robert L | Modular tubular helical piering system |
| GB2411909A (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-09-14 | Aspin Foundations Ltd | Tubular foundation element |
| WO2007033413A1 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-03-29 | Stephen Mark Lewenhoff | Ground anchor |
| DE102008011869A1 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-10 | Peter Kellner | Pipe shaped screw base for anchoring e.g. component on ground, has base body with cylindrical regions and tunneling element, which is formed from multiple sand shovels arranged around circumference of screw base |
| WO2010022691A1 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-04 | Petr Horanek | Pile for foundation |
| US20110036026A1 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-17 | Lee Robert E | Ergonomic post with integral anchor |
| WO2012051616A2 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Kangna Nelson Shen | Methods and systems for building by assembly structures and protection of structures against time, natural, and man-made elements |
| US8888413B2 (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2014-11-18 | Hubbell Incorporated | Transition coupling between cylindrical drive shaft and helical pile shaft |
| US10077893B1 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2018-09-18 | Philip Abraham | Removable anchoring system and uses thereof |
| CA3000932A1 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-12 | Les Surfaces Sportives Prevost Inc. | Anchor system |
| US10669735B2 (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2020-06-02 | Matthew Johnson | Marker stabilizer |
| US11066827B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2021-07-20 | Daysh Developments, Inc. | Precision dry-stack masonry unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US299770A (en) * | 1884-06-03 | Fence | ||
| DE652831C (en) * | 1935-11-16 | 1938-01-03 | Bruecken Und Signalbau G M B H | Earth stake for wire fences and for wire fencing |
| US2643843A (en) * | 1948-04-07 | 1953-06-30 | Brown David | Sand-anchoring device |
| DE1157167B (en) * | 1953-11-02 | 1963-11-07 | Valentin Patent Ges G M B H | Automatic weft bobbin replacement device on looms, especially with two-sided lifting and lowering shuttle boxes |
| DE1098452B (en) * | 1957-01-08 | 1961-01-26 | Andreas Stihl | Rotary drills for cohesive soils, such as clay, loam, etc., and shallow holes and drill hole diameters up to about 100 mm |
| FI31378A (en) * | 1958-12-20 | 1960-09-10 | Pellonraivaus Oy | Device for underwater blasting |
| DE1157162B (en) * | 1959-01-19 | 1963-11-07 | Heinrich H Dorendorf | Drilling device for producing boreholes for in-situ concrete foundation piles as well as for drilling in horizontal and oblique directions without excavation |
| US3318058A (en) * | 1960-02-25 | 1967-05-09 | Chance Co Ab | Apparatus for installing earth anchors |
| US3252526A (en) * | 1963-01-30 | 1966-05-24 | Ohio Brass Co | Earth boring derrick |
| FR2082152A5 (en) * | 1970-03-05 | 1971-12-10 | Glienke Co Gmbh Gerateba | |
| DE2249281A1 (en) * | 1972-10-07 | 1974-04-18 | Gruen & Bilfinger Ag | LOST SOLID DRILL BIT WITH BUSH CUTTING EDGE |
| DE2422489C2 (en) * | 1974-05-09 | 1984-10-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Takechi Koumusho, Osaka | Earth drill and method for inserting piles or the like. |
| US4162789A (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1979-07-31 | Hollaway William D | Baseball base and installation apparatus |
| US4251963A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-02-24 | Patterson Merle W | Earth anchor |
| US4316350A (en) * | 1979-11-26 | 1982-02-23 | Watson Gary Q | Wing screw earth anchor |
| AT372651B (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1983-11-10 | Philips Nv | INK-JET PRINT HEAD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH INK-JET PRINT HEAD |
| EP0073264A1 (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-03-09 | Eugenio Ravaglia | Ground anchoring device for poles |
| AT380043B (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1986-03-25 | Hubert Wassermaier | DEVICE THAT CAN BE SCREWED INTO THE FLOOR FOR HOLDING SUPPORTING ELEMENTS, LIKE Piles, Poles, Rope Holders, Or. DGL. |
| US4923165A (en) * | 1988-05-02 | 1990-05-08 | Cockman Boyce R | Stabilized post anchor |
| US5139235A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1992-08-18 | Kilmer Willis G | Corner fence post system |
-
1990
- 1990-02-28 FI FI901002A patent/FI94885C/en active IP Right Grant
-
1991
- 1991-02-25 AU AU72562/91A patent/AU647776B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-02-25 CA CA002075968A patent/CA2075968C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-25 EP EP91904192A patent/EP0517731B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-25 WO PCT/FI1991/000058 patent/WO1991013225A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-02-25 DE DE69112043T patent/DE69112043T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-25 AT AT91904192T patent/ATE126311T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-25 US US07/924,061 patent/US5295766A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-25 DK DK91904192.1T patent/DK0517731T3/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0517731T3 (en) | 1996-01-15 |
| AU647776B2 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
| FI901002A0 (en) | 1990-02-28 |
| DE69112043D1 (en) | 1995-09-14 |
| FI94885B (en) | 1995-07-31 |
| FI94885C (en) | 1995-11-10 |
| EP0517731B1 (en) | 1995-08-09 |
| EP0517731A1 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
| AU7256291A (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| FI901002A (en) | 1991-08-29 |
| US5295766A (en) | 1994-03-22 |
| WO1991013225A1 (en) | 1991-09-05 |
| ATE126311T1 (en) | 1995-08-15 |
| DE69112043T2 (en) | 1996-01-11 |
| CA2075968A1 (en) | 1991-08-29 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
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Effective date: 20121202 |