CA2075269A1 - Tank furnace for low pressure, electrically heated by means of spiral resistances placed above the level of the bath - Google Patents
Tank furnace for low pressure, electrically heated by means of spiral resistances placed above the level of the bathInfo
- Publication number
- CA2075269A1 CA2075269A1 CA002075269A CA2075269A CA2075269A1 CA 2075269 A1 CA2075269 A1 CA 2075269A1 CA 002075269 A CA002075269 A CA 002075269A CA 2075269 A CA2075269 A CA 2075269A CA 2075269 A1 CA2075269 A1 CA 2075269A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- tank furnace
- low pressure
- resistances
- level
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0054—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump
- F27D2003/0056—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump through a syphon in a vacuum chamber, e.g. involving aspiration or pressure on the bath
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
- F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
TANK FURNACE FOR LOW PRESSURE, ELECTRICALLY HEATED
BY MEANS OF SPIRAL RESISTANCES PLACED ABOVE THE
LEVEL OF THE BATH.
ABSTRACT
It is a tank furnace for low pressure casting in which the heating elements that maintain the metal at a temperature higher than the solidification one are placed along the perimeter of the furnace, just above the maximum level of the liquid. In this way, they allow a greater compactness of the unit, an energy conservation connected to the direct radiation and a reduced length of the injection duct.
BY MEANS OF SPIRAL RESISTANCES PLACED ABOVE THE
LEVEL OF THE BATH.
ABSTRACT
It is a tank furnace for low pressure casting in which the heating elements that maintain the metal at a temperature higher than the solidification one are placed along the perimeter of the furnace, just above the maximum level of the liquid. In this way, they allow a greater compactness of the unit, an energy conservation connected to the direct radiation and a reduced length of the injection duct.
Description
207~269 At present, holding furnaces for low pressure are composed of a pot, isolated from the atmosphere, which can be independent from the plating and its covering ("pot" furnaces) or s directly obtained from the layer of thermoinsulating refractory, appropriately shaped ("tank" furnaces).
It is provided with a vertical duct connecting the liquid metal that is contained in the pot itself with the die, placed on the cover. The metal is 10 introduced into the pot, already in the liquid state, and is maintained in this condition by means of electric devices, which can be wire-wound resistances, arranged like a cylinder along the external wall of the pot (independent pot furnaces), or heating bars (plugs), placed transversally above the melted bath (tank furnaces).
By blowing compressed air into the furnace, the metal is pushed into the injection duct, until it occupies and fills the die.
In the injection phase, the air in the duct and in the die is evacuated by means of special orifices, but air and/or gas bubbles can form along the vertical duct. Their quantity and dimensions are directly correlated to the temperature and length of 2s the injection duct itself. Furthermore, there can be a subcooling of the metal along the duct, mainly in the independent pot furnaces, which can cause difficulties of injection and be prejudicial to the quality of the finished product. Such subcooling can 30 be determined by the distance between the heating elements and the injection duct.
In order to solve such problems, a particular arrangement of the heating elements and confirmation of the pot furnace have been studied.
3s They are such as to allow the use of wire-wound resistances, all the same, for the heating of the .. . . . . . ~ .,. . . , . ~. ..
It is provided with a vertical duct connecting the liquid metal that is contained in the pot itself with the die, placed on the cover. The metal is 10 introduced into the pot, already in the liquid state, and is maintained in this condition by means of electric devices, which can be wire-wound resistances, arranged like a cylinder along the external wall of the pot (independent pot furnaces), or heating bars (plugs), placed transversally above the melted bath (tank furnaces).
By blowing compressed air into the furnace, the metal is pushed into the injection duct, until it occupies and fills the die.
In the injection phase, the air in the duct and in the die is evacuated by means of special orifices, but air and/or gas bubbles can form along the vertical duct. Their quantity and dimensions are directly correlated to the temperature and length of 2s the injection duct itself. Furthermore, there can be a subcooling of the metal along the duct, mainly in the independent pot furnaces, which can cause difficulties of injection and be prejudicial to the quality of the finished product. Such subcooling can 30 be determined by the distance between the heating elements and the injection duct.
In order to solve such problems, a particular arrangement of the heating elements and confirmation of the pot furnace have been studied.
3s They are such as to allow the use of wire-wound resistances, all the same, for the heating of the .. . . . . . ~ .,. . . , . ~. ..
2 2~7~269 metal and the injection duct, preventing them from touching the bath and, at the same time, to diminish the distance covered by the fluid metal, reducing the risk of creation of bubbles.
s The described furnace is provided with wire-wound resistances arranged like rings or spirals along the internal walls of the pot. The injection duct is inside the rings or spirals of the resistances. The resistances are housed in suitables 0 seats obtained along the internal wall of the pot, just above the maximum level that can be reached by the melted metal. Their position is such as to guarantee the maximum protection against the action of the metal sprinklings that inevitably occur during the filling up.
The cover of the furnace is just above the resistances, and the refractory covering applied to it has a section like a frustum of cone, with the smaller base directed towards the bottom.
As a consequence of all that, the heat produced by the resistances is directly conveyed to the melted metal and the injection duct. The result is a reduced loss of heat, a uniform heating and a considerable energy conservation in comparison with 2s what is obtained with the traditional methods.
Tank furnace for low pressure casting with resistances for metal heating arranged like a ring and/or a spiral near the internal wall of the furnace, above the maximum level of the melted metal.
Hereinafter, a practical realization of the invention is described, with reference to the enclosed drawings as a non restrictive example.
Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views 3s of a furnace in accordanc with the present invention and showing two different configurations of the heating system.
For expository clarity, only the parts necessary to the explanation have been outlined.
s Complementary parts, such as the feeliers for temperature, gauges, various levers, dies etcetera, have been left out.
The furnace (F) is provided with a lateral hole (A) with a lock, for the introduction of the 10 melted metal inside it. On the upper part, the furnace (F) is closed by a cover (C) where, in the centre or in a misaligned position, the vertical injection duct (I) of the melted metal, from the furnace to the pot on the cover (C), is placed.
The heating resistances (R) on the internal wall of the furnace (F) can be arranged on circumferences with equal diameters, on circumferences with diameters decreasing with the height, or like a spiral. The higher wall of any housing is extended towards the centre of the tank, so as to better direct the thermic irradiations towards the melted metal and the injection duct.
The thickness of the cover (C) of the furnace (F) is not constant: it îs thinner on the 2s borders and thicker in the centre.
Such arrangement of the resistances (R) and the conformation of the cover (C) allow to reduce the vertical dimension, with the consequent length decrease of the injection duct (I). In practice, this implies a reduction in the risk of formation of bubbles during the injection and excessive cooling of the metal in the duct (I).
These are the schematic modalities that are sufficient to the skilled person to realize the 3s invention. Consequently, in the real application there can be some changes which are not prejudicial ,, ~ ,, ;, . : , ... . . .
to the substance of the innovative concept.
Therefore, with reference to the above-mentioned . -.
description and to the enclosed tables, the following claims are expressed.
,: . . .. ~ :. .. , , : : : :, . - :. . .
s The described furnace is provided with wire-wound resistances arranged like rings or spirals along the internal walls of the pot. The injection duct is inside the rings or spirals of the resistances. The resistances are housed in suitables 0 seats obtained along the internal wall of the pot, just above the maximum level that can be reached by the melted metal. Their position is such as to guarantee the maximum protection against the action of the metal sprinklings that inevitably occur during the filling up.
The cover of the furnace is just above the resistances, and the refractory covering applied to it has a section like a frustum of cone, with the smaller base directed towards the bottom.
As a consequence of all that, the heat produced by the resistances is directly conveyed to the melted metal and the injection duct. The result is a reduced loss of heat, a uniform heating and a considerable energy conservation in comparison with 2s what is obtained with the traditional methods.
Tank furnace for low pressure casting with resistances for metal heating arranged like a ring and/or a spiral near the internal wall of the furnace, above the maximum level of the melted metal.
Hereinafter, a practical realization of the invention is described, with reference to the enclosed drawings as a non restrictive example.
Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views 3s of a furnace in accordanc with the present invention and showing two different configurations of the heating system.
For expository clarity, only the parts necessary to the explanation have been outlined.
s Complementary parts, such as the feeliers for temperature, gauges, various levers, dies etcetera, have been left out.
The furnace (F) is provided with a lateral hole (A) with a lock, for the introduction of the 10 melted metal inside it. On the upper part, the furnace (F) is closed by a cover (C) where, in the centre or in a misaligned position, the vertical injection duct (I) of the melted metal, from the furnace to the pot on the cover (C), is placed.
The heating resistances (R) on the internal wall of the furnace (F) can be arranged on circumferences with equal diameters, on circumferences with diameters decreasing with the height, or like a spiral. The higher wall of any housing is extended towards the centre of the tank, so as to better direct the thermic irradiations towards the melted metal and the injection duct.
The thickness of the cover (C) of the furnace (F) is not constant: it îs thinner on the 2s borders and thicker in the centre.
Such arrangement of the resistances (R) and the conformation of the cover (C) allow to reduce the vertical dimension, with the consequent length decrease of the injection duct (I). In practice, this implies a reduction in the risk of formation of bubbles during the injection and excessive cooling of the metal in the duct (I).
These are the schematic modalities that are sufficient to the skilled person to realize the 3s invention. Consequently, in the real application there can be some changes which are not prejudicial ,, ~ ,, ;, . : , ... . . .
to the substance of the innovative concept.
Therefore, with reference to the above-mentioned . -.
description and to the enclosed tables, the following claims are expressed.
,: . . .. ~ :. .. , , : : : :, . - :. . .
Claims (5)
1. Tank furnace for casting with low injection pressure, characterized by the fact that the resistances for metal heating are arranged like a ring on the internal wall of the furnace, above the maximum level of the melted metal.
2. Tank furnace for casting with low injection pressure, as per Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the various rings of resistances have a diameter that decreases from the bottom towards the top.
3. Tank furnace for casting with low injection pressure, characterized by the fact that the resistances for metal heating are placed like a spiral on the internal wall of the furnace, above the maximum level of the melted metal.
4. Tank furnace for casting with low injection pressure, as per Claim 3, characterized by the fact that the spiral of resistances has a radius that decreases from the bottom towards the top.
5. Tank furnace for casting with low injection pressure, as per Claims 1, 3, characterized by the fact that the thickness of the cover decreases from the centre of the furnace to the borders of the furnace, in the area in which it is rested.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT92A000082 | 1992-01-17 | ||
| ITPD920082A IT1259097B (en) | 1992-05-08 | 1992-05-08 | LOW PRESSURE BASIN OVEN ELECTRICALLY HEATED BY SPIRAL HEATING ELEMENTS ABOVE THE BATH LEVEL |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2075269A1 true CA2075269A1 (en) | 1993-11-09 |
Family
ID=11389923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002075269A Abandoned CA2075269A1 (en) | 1992-05-08 | 1992-08-04 | Tank furnace for low pressure, electrically heated by means of spiral resistances placed above the level of the bath |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2075269A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2266945A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1259097B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2912546B2 (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1999-06-28 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | Vacuum melting and pressure pouring induction furnace |
| CN105987597B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2019-09-10 | 边仁杰 | Bottom dish furnace |
| CN105987596B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2019-09-06 | 边仁杰 | A kind of holding furnace |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB468997A (en) * | 1935-10-19 | 1937-07-16 | Saint Gobain | Improvements relating to electric radiation furnaces |
| GB788525A (en) * | 1955-05-20 | 1958-01-02 | Ferdinand Leferrer | Improvements in or relating to the recovery of zinc from the zinc crust obtained in the separation of silver from lead |
| US3996412A (en) * | 1975-01-17 | 1976-12-07 | Frank W. Schaefer, Inc. | Aluminum melting furnace |
| GB1561786A (en) * | 1976-12-09 | 1980-03-05 | Ass Eng Ltd | Heating vessles for molten metal |
-
1992
- 1992-05-08 IT ITPD920082A patent/IT1259097B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-08-04 CA CA002075269A patent/CA2075269A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-09-02 GB GB9218589A patent/GB2266945A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITPD920082A0 (en) | 1992-05-08 |
| ITPD920082A1 (en) | 1993-11-08 |
| GB9218589D0 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
| IT1259097B (en) | 1996-03-11 |
| GB2266945A (en) | 1993-11-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |