CA2067643C - Ammonium nitrate density modification - Google Patents
Ammonium nitrate density modification Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2067643C CA2067643C CA002067643A CA2067643A CA2067643C CA 2067643 C CA2067643 C CA 2067643C CA 002067643 A CA002067643 A CA 002067643A CA 2067643 A CA2067643 A CA 2067643A CA 2067643 C CA2067643 C CA 2067643C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- particle
- density
- liquid medium
- gassing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical group [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkali metal nitrite Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001812 pycnometry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 15
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M nitrite group Chemical group N(=O)[O-] IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001517013 Calidris pugnax Species 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100004031 Mus musculus Aven gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101150107341 RERE gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101100536893 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) thi9 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZMRUPTIKESYGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 ZMRUPTIKESYGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N sodium;(2r)-2-[(2r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/18—Nitrates of ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0083—Treatment of solid structures, e.g. for coating or impregnating with a modifier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919109257A GB9109257D0 (en) | 1991-04-30 | 1991-04-30 | Ammonium nitrate density modification |
| GB9109257.7 | 1991-04-30 | ||
| GB9115681 | 1991-07-19 | ||
| GB919115681A GB9115681D0 (en) | 1991-07-19 | 1991-07-19 | Ammonium nitrate density modification |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2067643A1 CA2067643A1 (en) | 1992-10-31 |
| CA2067643C true CA2067643C (en) | 2001-09-04 |
Family
ID=26298802
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002067643A Expired - Fee Related CA2067643C (en) | 1991-04-30 | 1992-04-30 | Ammonium nitrate density modification |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5240524A (ref) |
| EP (1) | EP0514037B1 (ref) |
| AU (1) | AU649326B2 (ref) |
| BR (1) | BR9201631A (ref) |
| CA (1) | CA2067643C (ref) |
| DE (1) | DE69216470T2 (ref) |
| ES (1) | ES2095400T3 (ref) |
| GB (1) | GB2255334B (ref) |
| IN (1) | IN185181B (ref) |
| MX (1) | MX9201997A (ref) |
| NO (1) | NO179071C (ref) |
| ZW (1) | ZW6992A1 (ref) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5490887A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1996-02-13 | Dyno Nobel Inc. | Low density watergel explosive composition |
| GB9209621D0 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1992-06-17 | Ici Plc | Improved prill process |
| NO176140C (no) * | 1992-08-19 | 1996-04-09 | Dyno Ind As Sivile Sprengstoff | Sprengstoff for anvendelse i bulk eller patronert form |
| US5801453A (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 1998-09-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Process for preparing spherical energetic compounds |
| UA72007C2 (en) * | 1999-11-07 | 2005-01-17 | Seisol Chemical Ind Ltd | An explosive composition, ammomium nitrate product in the form of particles and a method for the preparation thereof |
| US6165295A (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2000-12-26 | Wagaman; Kerry L. | Gas-generating liquid compositions (PERSOL 1) |
| RU2230724C1 (ru) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-06-20 | ООО Научно-производственное предприятие "Спецпромвзрыв" | Взрывчатая смесь |
| WO2007048192A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | Newcastle Innovation Limited | Gassing of emulsion explosives with nitric oxide |
| GR1005557B (el) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-06-12 | Κωνσταντινος Μουντζουριδης | Μεθοδος παραγωγης πορωδους νιτρικης αμμωνιας (νη4νο3) |
| RU2330234C1 (ru) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-07-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-техническая фирма "Взрывтехнология" | Способ заряжания скважин взрывчатой смесью |
| EP2125675A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2009-12-02 | Newcastle Innovation Limited | Methods for gassing explosives especially at low temperatures |
| RU2400461C2 (ru) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-09-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-технический центр "Росвзрывобезопасность" | Взрывчатое вещество |
| RU2446134C1 (ru) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-03-27 | Федеральное Казенное Предприятие "Бийский Олеумный Завод" | Состав эмульсионного взрывчатого вещества |
| RU2452916C1 (ru) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-06-10 | Олег Викторович Панчишин | Способ применения алюминия в составах и зарядах взрывчатых веществ |
| WO2016018163A1 (es) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Exsa S.A. | Métodos para elaborar composiciones explosivas de anfo y anfo pesado |
| US9115036B1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-08-25 | Exsa S.A. | Process for the thermal treatment of ammonium nitrate for manufacturing ANFO and heavy ANFO |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3103457A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | Ammonium nitrate explosive composition | ||
| FR1523110A (fr) * | 1962-09-03 | 1968-05-03 | Ici Ltd | Procédé de fabrication de nitrate d'ammonium particulaire |
| FR1426886A (fr) * | 1964-02-11 | 1966-02-04 | Explosifs Prod Chim | Procédé de préparation de nitrate d'ammonium en granules perfectionnés et produits ainsi obtenus |
| US3830672A (en) * | 1966-08-30 | 1974-08-20 | Aerojet General Co | Solid porous, coated oxidizer, method of preparation and novel propellant compositions |
| US3781180A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1973-12-25 | Ici Australia Ltd | Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil composition containing ammonium nitrate prills of different porosity,hardness,and density |
| US4698106A (en) * | 1971-12-16 | 1987-10-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for the manufacture of oxidizers of very large surface area and their use in high burning rate propellants |
| JPS5239399B2 (ref) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-10-05 | ||
| US4124368A (en) * | 1976-10-01 | 1978-11-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Insensitive ammonium nitrate |
| GB2199822B (en) * | 1987-01-17 | 1990-10-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Ceramic core material and method of enhancing its leaching rate. |
| US5078813A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1992-01-07 | Mississippi Chemical Corporation | Exposive grade ammonium nitrate |
| US4960475A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1990-10-02 | Cranney Don H | Surfactant for gassed emulsion explosive |
-
1992
- 1992-04-24 GB GB9208904A patent/GB2255334B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-28 EP EP92303817A patent/EP0514037B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-28 DE DE69216470T patent/DE69216470T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-28 ES ES92303817T patent/ES2095400T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-29 NO NO921688A patent/NO179071C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-04-29 AU AU15243/92A patent/AU649326B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-04-29 ZW ZW69/92A patent/ZW6992A1/xx unknown
- 1992-04-29 MX MX9201997A patent/MX9201997A/es unknown
- 1992-04-30 CA CA002067643A patent/CA2067643C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-30 US US07/876,320 patent/US5240524A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-30 BR BR929201631A patent/BR9201631A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-04-30 IN IN382DE1992 patent/IN185181B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU649326B2 (en) | 1994-05-19 |
| EP0514037A1 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
| GB9208904D0 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
| GB2255334B (en) | 1994-09-28 |
| AU1524392A (en) | 1992-11-05 |
| NO921688D0 (no) | 1992-04-29 |
| NO179071C (no) | 1996-07-31 |
| BR9201631A (pt) | 1992-11-24 |
| DE69216470D1 (de) | 1997-02-20 |
| MX9201997A (es) | 1992-10-01 |
| US5240524A (en) | 1993-08-31 |
| ZW6992A1 (en) | 1993-01-06 |
| NO179071B (no) | 1996-04-22 |
| EP0514037B1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| DE69216470T2 (de) | 1997-05-15 |
| ES2095400T3 (es) | 1997-02-16 |
| IN185181B (ref) | 2000-12-02 |
| NO921688L (no) | 1992-11-02 |
| CA2067643A1 (en) | 1992-10-31 |
| GB2255334A (en) | 1992-11-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |