WO2005108296A1 - Method for producing porous ammonium nitrate - Google Patents

Method for producing porous ammonium nitrate Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005108296A1
WO2005108296A1 PCT/NO2005/000147 NO2005000147W WO2005108296A1 WO 2005108296 A1 WO2005108296 A1 WO 2005108296A1 NO 2005000147 W NO2005000147 W NO 2005000147W WO 2005108296 A1 WO2005108296 A1 WO 2005108296A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
ammonium nitrate
melt
membrane
porous
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2005/000147
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Birger Isaksen
Erik C. Nygaard
Wolfgang Törl
Donald Höpfner
Werner Roehse
Udo Kragl
Original Assignee
Yara International Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yara International Asa filed Critical Yara International Asa
Priority to DE112005001028T priority Critical patent/DE112005001028B4/en
Publication of WO2005108296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005108296A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/18—Nitrates of ammonium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
    • C05C1/02—Granulation; Pelletisation; Stabilisation; Colouring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/10—Solid density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/21—Attrition-index or crushing strength of granulates

Definitions

  • Ammonium nitrate is an important raw material for industrial explosives besides its use as a fertiliser.
  • ANFO is an important raw material for industrial explosives besides its use as a fertiliser.
  • ANFO is an important raw material for industrial explosives besides its use as a fertiliser.
  • ANFO is an important raw material for industrial explosives besides its use as a fertiliser.
  • ANFO is an important raw material for industrial explosives besides its use as a fertiliser.
  • ANFO which normally consists of Porous Ammonium Nitrate prills and Fuel Oil. This type is the dominating industrial explosive globally.
  • ammonium nitrate acts as oxidiser and reacts with fuel oil after initiation.
  • the stoichiometric mixing ratio is a blend consisting of about 5.7% FO and 94.3% AN.
  • the oil is normally absorbed in pores in the AN.
  • AN-PP ammonium nitrate porous prills
  • an explosive like ANFO and consisting of the elements C, H, N and O should only give N 2
  • the detonation fumes will also consist of minor quantities of CO, NO and NO 2 .
  • a synergistic mixture of modifying agents for the structure of the crystals and pore forming drying agents are introduced into the melt of ammonium nitrate at a temperature of 160°C.
  • the total concentration of these additives is in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 %.
  • the porosity is 0.09 to 0.15%, allowing an intake of oil of 15 to 20 %.
  • the patent GB 1 462 491 offers a process for the production of porous prilled ammonium nitrate, wherein prills with a water content of 2.5 % are dried in a way, that the temperature is below the transition point of phase III to phase IV in a preliminary step. In a second step the prills, now containing 0.3 to 1.5 % of water, are further dried at a temperature exceeding the temperature of that phase transition.
  • Porous prills of ammonium nitrate with a bulk density of 0.55 to 0.85 are available after Brazilian descriptions of invention in BR 9600121 and BR 9505880 by addition of chemical reagents inert to ammonium nitrate and generating gas, that will widen existing flaws and bubbles. Addition of 0.2 to 3.0 chalk with a granular diameter of 5-10 ⁇ m as pore forming agent is described in Soviet patent SU 767025. An exchange of chalk against other carbonates, e.g. sodium hydrogen carbonate, does not yield the desired results.
  • a porous ammonium nitrate is produced following patent description WO 9626158 by wetting non-porous material with water or an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate up to a water intake of 0.2 to 3.0 %, followed by warming up the mixture to a temperature above the point of phase transition of phase II to phase III and kept at this temperature until the content of water will be 0.2 %.
  • This process yields a porous product with a bulk density from 0.80 to 0.95 g/cm 3 and absorption of oil of 5.8 cm 3 /100 g.
  • porous prills of ammonium nitrate are either not able to fulfill the demand for a bulk density of ⁇ 0.65 g/cm 3 and/or the formation of AN with improved fumes characteristics whilst maintaining the handling characteristics of regular AN-PP. Additionally, several of the methods described above will not yield a homogenous distribution of gas bubbles which is a necessary requirement for an even distribution of pores in the solidified product.
  • the object of the invention is to obtain a method of producing ammonium nitrate particles with increased pore volume without a significant reduction in mechanical strength. Another object is to obtain porous ammonium nitrate particles with improved blasting properties and a reduction of harmful fumes.
  • the invention thus concerns a method of producing porous ammonium nitrate particles, wherein nearly mono-disperse gas bubbles are injected into molten ammonium nitrate, whereafter the melt is particulated and solidified.
  • molten ammonium nitrate When micro-bubbles of gas of a narrow size distribution is incorporated into molten ammonium nitrate, an extended system of pores/voids is formed in the inner parts of the resulting prills during the solidifying process.
  • the injection of gas is preferably done by physico-chemical ways.
  • the supply of gas to the melt could be done by a nozzle, mainly by a micro-porous membrane.
  • the diameter of the pores of the membrane is 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • the area of the membrane surface is large enough for obtaining a slow flow of gas passing through, so that the radius of the gas bubbles are mainly controlled by the interface energy of the three-phase-contact of gas, solid, and liquid melt and wherein the gas pressure is between 50 and 550 mbar, especially about 150 mbar.
  • the pore forming gas could be one or more selected among air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, di-nitrogen monoxide, ammonia, argon or substances forming a gas by thermal decomposition above 80 centigrade or mixtures of such gases and substances. Parts of the gaseous phase are preferably completely or partly soluble in the melt.
  • the molten ammonium nitrate could contain additives influencing the crystallisation point, the viscosity or the surface tension.
  • the essence of the invention is thus the controlled generation of gas bubbles with a narrow distribution of their diameters by physico-chemical means for the production of an additional and modified microstructure in the prills, yielding in an increase in porosity.
  • the presence of an additional micro-structure and porosity improves the blasting properties (sensitivity, velocity of detonation and composition of detonation fumes) under certain blasting conditions whilst maintaining the handling properties of the ammonium nitrate.
  • Another benefit of the process is the possibility of increasing the pore volume without significantly reducing the mechanical strength.
  • the porosity of AN is controlled by addition/injection of a gas in the AN-melt prior to prilling.
  • the additional pores consist of fairly spherical inner voids with a narrow size distribution.
  • the production of prills with 0.5 to 2.5 mm in diameter is carried out by spraying a melt of ammonium nitrate at the top of a prilling tower.
  • the melt may contain various additives for reduction of the melting point, the viscosity or the surface tension.
  • the melt will be sprayed through nozzles of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter with a temperature of 130°C to 160°C.
  • the melt will cool to app. 60°C while falling down and will solidify.
  • the micro- porous structure in the prills will be formed partly during the free fall in the prilling tower but also during subsequent process steps (drying and cooling).
  • the injection of gas is carried out through micro nozzles, especially by a microporous membrane submerged into the melt, as an example.
  • the material of the nozzles or the membrane is glass, glass frit, ceramics, sintered metal, silicon caoutchouc or perfluoralkane.
  • the diameter of the pores of the membrane is 0.01 to 0.5
  • the pore forming gas could be air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, di-nitrogen monoxide, ammonia or argon.
  • the necessary amount of gas can be injected into the melt at a low pressure of gas due to the large number of even pores in the membrane. In that way the gas bubbles will not be ripped off by the turbulent current of gas, but their diameters are mainly controlled by the interface energy of the three-phase contact of gas, solid and liquid melt. Gas bubbles with mainly equal radius will appear. The bubbles will not coalesce due to the uniform pressure of curvature, the so-called dejoining pressure, but will remain in an even distribution in the melt. Thus prills of ammonium nitrate with an extended volume of pores are formed.
  • Carbon dioxide was injected into molten ammonium nitrate by a ceramic membrane with an average pore diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m, submerged into the melt.
  • the difference gas pressure was 50 to 550 mbar. Small uniform bubbles of gas were generated, and did not escape out of the melt during the solidification of ammonium nitrate in the prilling process.
  • the melt of ammonium nitrate contained 4 % of water and 0.01 % of organic additives (e.g. stabilizer, prilling or coating agents) . Prills were formed with an average diameter of 1.4 mm and a specific bulk density of 0,63 g/cm 3 .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)

Abstract

A method of producing porous ammonium nitrate particles, wherein nearly mono-disperse gas bubbles are injected into molten ammonium nitrate, whereafter the melt is particulated and solidified.

Description

Method for producing porous ammonium nitrate.
Ammonium nitrate (AN) is an important raw material for industrial explosives besides its use as a fertiliser. One type of AN based industrial explosives is ANFO which normally consists of Porous Ammonium Nitrate prills and Fuel Oil. This type is the dominating industrial explosive globally.
In ANFO, ammonium nitrate acts as oxidiser and reacts with fuel oil after initiation. The stoichiometric mixing ratio is a blend consisting of about 5.7% FO and 94.3% AN. The oil is normally absorbed in pores in the AN.
The pores/inner voids in ammonium nitrate porous prills (AN-PP) serve two purposes:
• First, the volume and size distribution of open pores should be sufficiently able to absorb and retain the proper amount of oil.
• Additional pores/inner voids are required to act as hot spots during detonation to facilitate propagation of the detonation front at a high velocity. The smaller the diameter of the borehole, the more important these inner voids become.
The higher the pore volume, the lower the bulk density becomes. Increasing the pore volume by conventional means normally results in reduced mechanical strength.
Ideally, an explosive like ANFO and consisting of the elements C, H, N and O should only give N2| CO2 and H2O as reaction products from the detonation. However, as all ANFO are non-homogeneous, the detonation fumes will also consist of minor quantities of CO, NO and NO2.
We have found that not only the volume of inner voids/pores of ammonium nitrate porous prills, AN-PP, but also the size distribution of inner voids and crystals influence on the initiation sensitivity, velocity of detonation and composition of the detonation fumes. The smaller the diameter of the borehole, the more important the inner physical properties becomes.
In addition, the use of Ultra Low Density AN-PP for ANFO can be useful in certain rock conditions and/or for reducing the amount of ANFO e.g. in the upper part of the borehole Over the years several methods have been described for manufacture of porous ammonium nitrate prills.
According to Romanian patent RO 116072, a synergistic mixture of modifying agents for the structure of the crystals and pore forming drying agents are introduced into the melt of ammonium nitrate at a temperature of 160°C. The total concentration of these additives is in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 %. The porosity is 0.09 to 0.15%, allowing an intake of oil of 15 to 20 %.
According to Russian patent RU 2121969 a ratio of 0.05 to 0.15% of molasses is added to the ammonium nitrate before the prilling process. The capacity of oil absorption is 9.7 to 13.5 %. The prills show a high durability and they are claimed to be explosion-proof.
The patent GB 1 462 491 offers a process for the production of porous prilled ammonium nitrate, wherein prills with a water content of 2.5 % are dried in a way, that the temperature is below the transition point of phase III to phase IV in a preliminary step. In a second step the prills, now containing 0.3 to 1.5 % of water, are further dried at a temperature exceeding the temperature of that phase transition.
Another process for the production of granulated porous ammonium nitrate is described in Russian patent RU 110810, wherein an aqueous solution of aluminum sulphate is added to the melt of ammonium nitrate followed by an addition of an aqueous suspension of a pore forming medium, containing chalk and dispersing agents. A similar principle is described in International patent application WO 0136330. Bubbles of CO2-gas are generated by a chemical way inside the melt with a decreased pH-value of 3.8, thus lowering the bulk density of the ammonium nitrate prills.
Addition of calcinated soda and further additives into the melted ammonium nitrate is described in Russian patent RU 1616048.
Porous prills of ammonium nitrate with a bulk density of 0.55 to 0.85 are available after Brazilian descriptions of invention in BR 9600121 and BR 9505880 by addition of chemical reagents inert to ammonium nitrate and generating gas, that will widen existing flaws and bubbles. Addition of 0.2 to 3.0 chalk with a granular diameter of 5-10 μm as pore forming agent is described in Soviet patent SU 767025. An exchange of chalk against other carbonates, e.g. sodium hydrogen carbonate, does not yield the desired results.
A porous ammonium nitrate is produced following patent description WO 9626158 by wetting non-porous material with water or an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate up to a water intake of 0.2 to 3.0 %, followed by warming up the mixture to a temperature above the point of phase transition of phase II to phase III and kept at this temperature until the content of water will be 0.2 %. This process yields a porous product with a bulk density from 0.80 to 0.95 g/cm3 and absorption of oil of 5.8 cm3/100 g.
The known ways for the production of porous prills of ammonium nitrate are either not able to fulfill the demand for a bulk density of < 0.65 g/cm3 and/or the formation of AN with improved fumes characteristics whilst maintaining the handling characteristics of regular AN-PP. Additionally, several of the methods described above will not yield a homogenous distribution of gas bubbles which is a necessary requirement for an even distribution of pores in the solidified product.
The object of the invention is to obtain a method of producing ammonium nitrate particles with increased pore volume without a significant reduction in mechanical strength. Another object is to obtain porous ammonium nitrate particles with improved blasting properties and a reduction of harmful fumes.
These and other objects of the invention are obtained by the method as described below, and the invention is further defined and characterized by the accompanying patent claims.
The invention thus concerns a method of producing porous ammonium nitrate particles, wherein nearly mono-disperse gas bubbles are injected into molten ammonium nitrate, whereafter the melt is particulated and solidified. When micro-bubbles of gas of a narrow size distribution is incorporated into molten ammonium nitrate, an extended system of pores/voids is formed in the inner parts of the resulting prills during the solidifying process.
The injection of gas is preferably done by physico-chemical ways. The supply of gas to the melt could be done by a nozzle, mainly by a micro-porous membrane. The diameter of the pores of the membrane is 0.01 to 0.5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm. The area of the membrane surface is large enough for obtaining a slow flow of gas passing through, so that the radius of the gas bubbles are mainly controlled by the interface energy of the three-phase-contact of gas, solid, and liquid melt and wherein the gas pressure is between 50 and 550 mbar, especially about 150 mbar.
The pore forming gas could be one or more selected among air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, di-nitrogen monoxide, ammonia, argon or substances forming a gas by thermal decomposition above 80 centigrade or mixtures of such gases and substances. Parts of the gaseous phase are preferably completely or partly soluble in the melt. The molten ammonium nitrate could contain additives influencing the crystallisation point, the viscosity or the surface tension.
It is preferred to inject gas into molten ammonium nitrate, containing 1 to 5 % of water and 0.01 to 2.0 % of prilling additives by use of a membrane with pore diameter 0.01 to 0.5 μm submerged into the melt at a temperature of 130°C to 160°C, and thereafter sprayed into a prilling tower.
The essence of the invention is thus the controlled generation of gas bubbles with a narrow distribution of their diameters by physico-chemical means for the production of an additional and modified microstructure in the prills, yielding in an increase in porosity. The presence of an additional micro-structure and porosity improves the blasting properties (sensitivity, velocity of detonation and composition of detonation fumes) under certain blasting conditions whilst maintaining the handling properties of the ammonium nitrate.
Another benefit of the process is the possibility of increasing the pore volume without significantly reducing the mechanical strength.
According to the claimed method, the porosity of AN is controlled by addition/injection of a gas in the AN-melt prior to prilling. In this way the additional pores consist of fairly spherical inner voids with a narrow size distribution.
The production of prills with 0.5 to 2.5 mm in diameter is carried out by spraying a melt of ammonium nitrate at the top of a prilling tower. The melt may contain various additives for reduction of the melting point, the viscosity or the surface tension. The melt will be sprayed through nozzles of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter with a temperature of 130°C to 160°C. The melt will cool to app. 60°C while falling down and will solidify. The micro- porous structure in the prills will be formed partly during the free fall in the prilling tower but also during subsequent process steps (drying and cooling). The injection of gas is carried out through micro nozzles, especially by a microporous membrane submerged into the melt, as an example. The material of the nozzles or the membrane is glass, glass frit, ceramics, sintered metal, silicon caoutchouc or perfluoralkane. The diameter of the pores of the membrane is 0.01 to 0.5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm.
The pore forming gas could be air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, di-nitrogen monoxide, ammonia or argon. The necessary amount of gas can be injected into the melt at a low pressure of gas due to the large number of even pores in the membrane. In that way the gas bubbles will not be ripped off by the turbulent current of gas, but their diameters are mainly controlled by the interface energy of the three-phase contact of gas, solid and liquid melt. Gas bubbles with mainly equal radius will appear. The bubbles will not coalesce due to the uniform pressure of curvature, the so-called dejoining pressure, but will remain in an even distribution in the melt. Thus prills of ammonium nitrate with an extended volume of pores are formed.
The idea of the invention will be demonstrated by examples as follows:
Example 1
Carbon dioxide was injected into molten ammonium nitrate by a ceramic membrane with an average pore diameter of 0.2 μm, submerged into the melt. The difference gas pressure was 50 to 550 mbar. Small uniform bubbles of gas were generated, and did not escape out of the melt during the solidification of ammonium nitrate in the prilling process.
The melt of ammonium nitrate contained 4 % of water and 0.01 % of organic additives (e.g. stabilizer, prilling or coating agents) . Prills were formed with an average diameter of 1.4 mm and a specific bulk density of 0,63 g/cm3.
Manufacturing of AN in the same process plant but without the injection of CO2 yields a product with the same average prill diameter but with a bulk density of 0.70 g/cm3.
Example 2
Blasting tests in steel tubes as well as rock have demonstrated that the formation of nitrous fumes (NO + NO2) is significantly reduced when using AN prills according to the present invention. Table 1. Data of blasting tests in steel tubes with outer diameter of 54 mm and wall thickness of 2 mm. Initiation by electric blasting cap and 30 g HE primer.
Figure imgf000007_0001
Even if the production process is described especially using prilling for production of the ammonium nitrate particles, other particulation methods are also possible.

Claims

Claims
1. A method of producing porous ammonium nitrate particles, wherein nearly mono- disperse gas bubbles are injected into molten ammonium nitrate, whereafter the melt is particulated and solidified.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the injection of gas is done by physico- chemical ways.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supply of gas to the melt is done by a nozzle, mainly by a micro-porous membrane.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the pores of the membrane is 0.01 to 0.
5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm.
A method according to claim 1 to 3, wherein the pore forming gas is one or more selected among air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, di-nitrogen monoxide, ammonia, argon or substances forming a gas by thermal decomposition above 80 centigrade or mixtures of such gases and substances.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the area of the membrane surface is large enough for obtaining a slow flow of gas passing through, so that the radius of the gas bubbles are mainly controlled by the interface energy of the three-phase- contact of gas, solid, and liquid melt and wherein the gas pressure is between 50 and 550 mbar, especially about 150 mbar.
7. A method according to claim 1 to 6, wherein the molten ammonium nitrate contains additives influencing the crystallisation point, the viscosity or the surface tension.
8. A method according to claim 1 to 7, wherein gas is injected into molten ammonium nitrate, containing 1 to 5 % of water and 0.01 to 2.0 % of prilling additives by use of a membrane with pore diameter 0.01 to 0.5 μm submerged into the melt at a temperature of 130°C to 160°C, and thereafter sprayed into a prilling tower.
9. A method according to claim 1 to 8, wherein parts of the gaseous phase are completely or partly soluble in the melt.
PCT/NO2005/000147 2004-05-07 2005-05-03 Method for producing porous ammonium nitrate WO2005108296A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112005001028T DE112005001028B4 (en) 2004-05-07 2005-05-03 Process for the preparation of porous ammonium nitrate

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20041885A NO20041885L (en) 2004-05-07 2004-05-07 Process for Preparation of Porous Ammonium Nitrate
NO20041885 2004-05-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005108296A1 true WO2005108296A1 (en) 2005-11-17

Family

ID=34880506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2005/000147 WO2005108296A1 (en) 2004-05-07 2005-05-03 Method for producing porous ammonium nitrate

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE112005001028B4 (en)
NO (1) NO20041885L (en)
WO (1) WO2005108296A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1005557B (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-06-12 Κωνσταντινος Μουντζουριδης Method for obtaining porous ammonium nitrate (nh4no3)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2123661A (en) * 1934-03-28 1938-07-12 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for preparing ammonium nitrate of low weight per unit of volume
US4940497A (en) * 1988-12-14 1990-07-10 Atlas Powder Company Emulsion explosive composition containing expanded perlite
GB2266712A (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-10 Ici Plc Improved prilling process
WO1996026158A1 (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-08-29 Laroche Industries, Inc. Manufacturing method for porous ammonium nitrate
WO2001036330A1 (en) * 1999-11-07 2001-05-25 Sasol Chemical Industries Limited Method of reducing density by means of gas-generating agent

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2123661A (en) * 1934-03-28 1938-07-12 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for preparing ammonium nitrate of low weight per unit of volume
US4940497A (en) * 1988-12-14 1990-07-10 Atlas Powder Company Emulsion explosive composition containing expanded perlite
GB2266712A (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-10 Ici Plc Improved prilling process
WO1996026158A1 (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-08-29 Laroche Industries, Inc. Manufacturing method for porous ammonium nitrate
WO2001036330A1 (en) * 1999-11-07 2001-05-25 Sasol Chemical Industries Limited Method of reducing density by means of gas-generating agent

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1005557B (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-06-12 Κωνσταντινος Μουντζουριδης Method for obtaining porous ammonium nitrate (nh4no3)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112005001028B4 (en) 2013-09-05
DE112005001028T5 (en) 2007-04-05
NO20041885D0 (en) 2004-05-07
NO20041885L (en) 2005-11-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0648528B1 (en) Porous prilled ammonium nitrate
NO143149B (en) PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING PRE-EXPANDED, EXTENDABLE BULBS
EP0514037B1 (en) Method for reducing the density of ammonium nitrate
US6136115A (en) Thermally-stabilized prilled ammonium dinitramide particles, and process for making the same
WO2005108296A1 (en) Method for producing porous ammonium nitrate
Li et al. The preparation and properties of AP-based nano-limit growth energetic materials
EP0570119B1 (en) Improved prilling process
AU771397B2 (en) Method of reducing density by means of gas-generating agent
JP3846077B2 (en) Production method of granular ammonium nitrate
JPS61174145A (en) Production of hollow spherical glass body
EP0831079A1 (en) Porous prilled ammonium nitrate
RU2261226C1 (en) Method of production of porous granulated ammonium nitrate
RU97115773A (en) POROUS GRANULATED PRODUCT, METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS GRANULATED PRODUCT
AU721626B2 (en) Porous prilled ammonium nitrate
JP3342711B2 (en) Explosive composition
RU2142401C1 (en) Pyrotechnical composition for preparing oxygen
KR100473594B1 (en) Low density ammonium nitrate fuel oil with the improved power and small odor
JPS584579B2 (en) Shyokubaiseizouhouhou
CN1178210A (en) Porous prilled ammonium nitrate
JPS5815453B2 (en) Manufacturing method of lightweight fine-grained slag
GB2266712A (en) Improved prilling process
EP0542545A1 (en) Prilling process
PL179421B1 (en) Method of obtaining hollow spherical grains of ceramic materials, ceramets and hydrogen-reducible metals

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1120050010287

Country of ref document: DE

RET De translation (de og part 6b)

Ref document number: 112005001028

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20070405

Kind code of ref document: P

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 112005001028

Country of ref document: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8607