CA2034170A1 - System comprising a composite beam and a composite plate - Google Patents
System comprising a composite beam and a composite plateInfo
- Publication number
- CA2034170A1 CA2034170A1 CA 2034170 CA2034170A CA2034170A1 CA 2034170 A1 CA2034170 A1 CA 2034170A1 CA 2034170 CA2034170 CA 2034170 CA 2034170 A CA2034170 A CA 2034170A CA 2034170 A1 CA2034170 A1 CA 2034170A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composite
- composite beam
- plates
- cast
- accordance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
(57) Abstract The object of the invention is a system to be used in the roofs, ceilings and floors of buildings, formed by a composite beam (2, 12) and composite plate (1), which system consists of a composite beam (2), composite plates (1) carried by this, and a cast component (9), and in which the composite beam (2, 12) is formed of one or more profile plates. The intention of the invention is to simplify the reinforcement of the system.
According to the invention the composite beam (2, 12) extends close to the upper surface of the cast component (9) and the upper section (4) of the composite beam (2, 12) are penetrated by several transverse long rods (8) and/or bolts, which extend for a considerable distance outwards from the upper edge of the composite beam (2, 12) in such a way that they act as upper surface reinforcement of the continuous slab or as a part of it at the point of support.
Figure 1
According to the invention the composite beam (2, 12) extends close to the upper surface of the cast component (9) and the upper section (4) of the composite beam (2, 12) are penetrated by several transverse long rods (8) and/or bolts, which extend for a considerable distance outwards from the upper edge of the composite beam (2, 12) in such a way that they act as upper surface reinforcement of the continuous slab or as a part of it at the point of support.
Figure 1
Description
1 7 ~
A System comprising a Composite Beam and a Composite Plate The object of the invention is a system comprising a composite beam and composite plate for use in the roofs ceilings, or 5 floors of buildings, which consists of a composite beam, the composite plates and cast components carried by it, and in which the composite beam is formed of one or more profile plates. In this the term composite plate also includes a concrete slab cast on prestressed hollow slabs.
Composite plates and beams and their systems are known from Finnish Patent Applications 862035, 863396, and from United States Patent 2,064,910. In addition the profile form systems known from EP Application Publication 240857 and from Finnish 15 Patent 63465 are broadly concerned with the field of the invention. In FI Application 86035 a system is proposed, in which the form for the composite beam is composed of two thin galvanized steel sheets joined together underneath. Casting takes place on top of the totality formed by the composite plate 20 and composite beam and thus creates a monolithic structure. In this the composite beam must be reinforced separately, despite the fact that the jolnt points beneath the composite beam form an adhesive edge. Reinforcement is required in the beam itself, in its attachment to the composite plate and at the beam as 25 upper surface reinforcement.
Finnish Patent Application 875327 shows a concrete frame system, in which the beam component that is open underneath is cast beforehand and composite plates are supported on flange members 30 formed in its lower section, and in which the totality formed by the composite plates and frame beam is cast as one, so that the construction has excellent fire protection. In the structures according to Figures 8, 9, and 10 both the adhesion of the interior of the beam and that between the composite beam and 35 composite plates is not complete.
The intention of the invention is to achieve a more effective totality formed by a composite beam and composite plates, in which the structural height in particular could be smaller than 40 previously. The principal characteristics of the invention .... ., . : .. .
::, , , -. . .. . .. .
:: . ':- :. . ~
... . .
. . .. . .:: ::
2034Llr( ~
appear in the accompanying Patent Claims. In the system in accordance with the invention the bars or bolts penetrating the beam ~ind the bean structure and the slabs so well that th~ slab components carry the compressive force in the direction sf the 5 beam over a great breadth. In this case the neutral axis rises considerably, when the height of the tension side increases proportionately. The invention can also be applied when a bolt structure is used in the system to hold the various components together. If the transverse reinforcement is made sufficiently 10 long it can also act as upper surface reinforcement. It is, however, most advantageously made separately.
In what follows the invention is illustrated with the aid of the accompanying illustrations, which show various forms of 15 application of the invention.
Figure 1 shows the system in connection with a composite beam that is open on the underside Figure 2 shows the form of application that is regarded as being best Figure 3 shows a cross-section of Figure 2 Figure 4 shows the system in connection with hollow slabs The system consists of composite beam profile 2 and composite 25 plates 1, which are carried on the flange 3 of the beam profile.
Composite beam profile 2 is precast and includes cast component 11. At this stage the transverse steel rods 8 are also placed in the composite beam profile 2. These remain inside cast component 9 and act as upper surface reinforcement of the continuous slam 30 at the; support point. The transverse steel rods 8 are placed through the holes 5 made close to the upper surface 4 of the composite beam 2. Here the composite beam includes pre-stressing elements 6, 7, and 10.
35 In this the transverse steel rods 8 have operational functions.
In addition to their acting as upper surface reinforcement for the continuous slab at the point of support they connect the slab to the composite beam, and thirdly they act as adhesion for .
...... .
'' ' ' ' ': ~
203~17~
the internal cast mass 11 of the composite beam to the composite beam profile 2.
On the basis of practical experiments the invention is best applied in accordance with Figure 2. Here the composite beam is profiles as a right-angled hat profile, the lower section of which includes flange components on top of which it is possible to place the composite plate profiles. A beam with an overall height of 280 mm is penetrated by steel rods 420 mm long and of 10 16 mm diameter. The beam profile 12 is precast and the trans-verse steel rods bind the concrete firmly to the profile. The ready composite beam is set in place and the composite plates 1 are placed on top of the flanges 15. After this casting takes place as a result of which cast component 9 forms a unified 15 structure on top of the composite plates 1 and the composite beam. It is most advantageous to use steel net as the surface reinforcement 13. This extends to each side of the beam by about a quarter of the span about 0,3 times the breadth of the span of the compression surface can be transferred from the slam to the 20 beam, when the adhesion between the beam and the slab is perfect. Figure 3 shows the distribution in principle between compression and tension in a frame structure in accordance with the invention. The compression surface area extends strongly to the slam sections, in which case ths composite beam itself on 25 the tension side acts more effectively.
In one case the composite plate profiles can be also replaced with hollow slams 17, Figure 4. These are placed in a corres-ponding manner on top of the flange 15 of the composite beam, 30 but the cavities at their ends are opened for a distance of 50-100 cm. Longitudinal rods 18 are pushed in from this opening.
These must then be bent downwards, which is not an optimal solution from the point of view of adhesion, but is a compromi-se demanded by this construction. During casting the ends of the 35 cavities of the hollow slams are filled with concrete, after which they will withstand longitudinal compression.
Special note should be made of the fact that the composite beam :.~.....
", . : ., , ..
..
':, ' ' '.'~' " ~''; :, .
203~1 ~0 profiles can also be assembled from two or more parts, in which case the bolts used to assemble them can act as the previously mentioned transverse steel rods, by which means one or more of the aforementioned tasks can be carried out. On the other hand, 5 each transverse rod or bolt can only extend to one side of the beam, but when sequential rods extend to each side in turn reinforcement on both sides is achieved in thie respect.
. . . . .
. . .
A System comprising a Composite Beam and a Composite Plate The object of the invention is a system comprising a composite beam and composite plate for use in the roofs ceilings, or 5 floors of buildings, which consists of a composite beam, the composite plates and cast components carried by it, and in which the composite beam is formed of one or more profile plates. In this the term composite plate also includes a concrete slab cast on prestressed hollow slabs.
Composite plates and beams and their systems are known from Finnish Patent Applications 862035, 863396, and from United States Patent 2,064,910. In addition the profile form systems known from EP Application Publication 240857 and from Finnish 15 Patent 63465 are broadly concerned with the field of the invention. In FI Application 86035 a system is proposed, in which the form for the composite beam is composed of two thin galvanized steel sheets joined together underneath. Casting takes place on top of the totality formed by the composite plate 20 and composite beam and thus creates a monolithic structure. In this the composite beam must be reinforced separately, despite the fact that the jolnt points beneath the composite beam form an adhesive edge. Reinforcement is required in the beam itself, in its attachment to the composite plate and at the beam as 25 upper surface reinforcement.
Finnish Patent Application 875327 shows a concrete frame system, in which the beam component that is open underneath is cast beforehand and composite plates are supported on flange members 30 formed in its lower section, and in which the totality formed by the composite plates and frame beam is cast as one, so that the construction has excellent fire protection. In the structures according to Figures 8, 9, and 10 both the adhesion of the interior of the beam and that between the composite beam and 35 composite plates is not complete.
The intention of the invention is to achieve a more effective totality formed by a composite beam and composite plates, in which the structural height in particular could be smaller than 40 previously. The principal characteristics of the invention .... ., . : .. .
::, , , -. . .. . .. .
:: . ':- :. . ~
... . .
. . .. . .:: ::
2034Llr( ~
appear in the accompanying Patent Claims. In the system in accordance with the invention the bars or bolts penetrating the beam ~ind the bean structure and the slabs so well that th~ slab components carry the compressive force in the direction sf the 5 beam over a great breadth. In this case the neutral axis rises considerably, when the height of the tension side increases proportionately. The invention can also be applied when a bolt structure is used in the system to hold the various components together. If the transverse reinforcement is made sufficiently 10 long it can also act as upper surface reinforcement. It is, however, most advantageously made separately.
In what follows the invention is illustrated with the aid of the accompanying illustrations, which show various forms of 15 application of the invention.
Figure 1 shows the system in connection with a composite beam that is open on the underside Figure 2 shows the form of application that is regarded as being best Figure 3 shows a cross-section of Figure 2 Figure 4 shows the system in connection with hollow slabs The system consists of composite beam profile 2 and composite 25 plates 1, which are carried on the flange 3 of the beam profile.
Composite beam profile 2 is precast and includes cast component 11. At this stage the transverse steel rods 8 are also placed in the composite beam profile 2. These remain inside cast component 9 and act as upper surface reinforcement of the continuous slam 30 at the; support point. The transverse steel rods 8 are placed through the holes 5 made close to the upper surface 4 of the composite beam 2. Here the composite beam includes pre-stressing elements 6, 7, and 10.
35 In this the transverse steel rods 8 have operational functions.
In addition to their acting as upper surface reinforcement for the continuous slab at the point of support they connect the slab to the composite beam, and thirdly they act as adhesion for .
...... .
'' ' ' ' ': ~
203~17~
the internal cast mass 11 of the composite beam to the composite beam profile 2.
On the basis of practical experiments the invention is best applied in accordance with Figure 2. Here the composite beam is profiles as a right-angled hat profile, the lower section of which includes flange components on top of which it is possible to place the composite plate profiles. A beam with an overall height of 280 mm is penetrated by steel rods 420 mm long and of 10 16 mm diameter. The beam profile 12 is precast and the trans-verse steel rods bind the concrete firmly to the profile. The ready composite beam is set in place and the composite plates 1 are placed on top of the flanges 15. After this casting takes place as a result of which cast component 9 forms a unified 15 structure on top of the composite plates 1 and the composite beam. It is most advantageous to use steel net as the surface reinforcement 13. This extends to each side of the beam by about a quarter of the span about 0,3 times the breadth of the span of the compression surface can be transferred from the slam to the 20 beam, when the adhesion between the beam and the slab is perfect. Figure 3 shows the distribution in principle between compression and tension in a frame structure in accordance with the invention. The compression surface area extends strongly to the slam sections, in which case ths composite beam itself on 25 the tension side acts more effectively.
In one case the composite plate profiles can be also replaced with hollow slams 17, Figure 4. These are placed in a corres-ponding manner on top of the flange 15 of the composite beam, 30 but the cavities at their ends are opened for a distance of 50-100 cm. Longitudinal rods 18 are pushed in from this opening.
These must then be bent downwards, which is not an optimal solution from the point of view of adhesion, but is a compromi-se demanded by this construction. During casting the ends of the 35 cavities of the hollow slams are filled with concrete, after which they will withstand longitudinal compression.
Special note should be made of the fact that the composite beam :.~.....
", . : ., , ..
..
':, ' ' '.'~' " ~''; :, .
203~1 ~0 profiles can also be assembled from two or more parts, in which case the bolts used to assemble them can act as the previously mentioned transverse steel rods, by which means one or more of the aforementioned tasks can be carried out. On the other hand, 5 each transverse rod or bolt can only extend to one side of the beam, but when sequential rods extend to each side in turn reinforcement on both sides is achieved in thie respect.
. . . . .
. . .
Claims (5)
1. A system formed by a composite beam (2, 12) and composite plates (1), for use in the roofs, ceilings, or floors of buildings, which consists of a composite beam (2) and composite plates (1) and a cast component (9) carried by this, and in which the composite beam (2, 12) is formed by one or more profile plates, characterized in that the composite beam (2, 12) and its internal cast mass extends close to the upper surface of the cast component (9) and that the upper section (4) of the composite beam (2, 1) and its internal cast mass is penetrated by several transverse long rods (8) and/or bolts, which extend from the upper edge of the composite beam (2, 12) sideways to such an extent that they create a perfect or nearly perfect adhesion between the composite plate and the composite beam.
2. A system in accordance with Patent Claim 1, characterized in that the transverse rods (8) extend for 20-100 cm outwards on both sides of the composite beam (2, 12).
3. A system in accordance with Patent Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the transverse rods (8) extend for 10- 20 cm outwards on both sides of the composite beam, and that on top of the composite beam there is separate surface reinforcement (15), which acts as upper surface reinforcement of the con-tinuous beam at the point of support.
4. A system in accordance with Patent Claims 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the transverse rods (8) are entirely or partly threaded rods, by means of which the profile section plates and/or other structures of the system are simultaneously joined to one another.
5. A system in accordance with one of the above Patent Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that hollow slabs (17) are used as part of the composite plates, their end being opened at the cavities, from which the transverse rods are bent inside and the ends of the cavities are then cast shut.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2034170 CA2034170A1 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1991-01-15 | System comprising a composite beam and a composite plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2034170 CA2034170A1 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1991-01-15 | System comprising a composite beam and a composite plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2034170A1 true CA2034170A1 (en) | 1992-07-16 |
Family
ID=4146838
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2034170 Abandoned CA2034170A1 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1991-01-15 | System comprising a composite beam and a composite plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2034170A1 (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-01-15 CA CA 2034170 patent/CA2034170A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Dead |