CA1313949C - Apparatus for heating and/or drying - Google Patents
Apparatus for heating and/or dryingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1313949C CA1313949C CA000603153A CA603153A CA1313949C CA 1313949 C CA1313949 C CA 1313949C CA 000603153 A CA000603153 A CA 000603153A CA 603153 A CA603153 A CA 603153A CA 1313949 C CA1313949 C CA 1313949C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- annular
- drying
- channels
- annular channels
- disposed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
An apparatus for the heating and/or drying of wet, comminuted material, e.g. organic material, comprises a stationary housing (2) with a rotatable, hollow rotor (3) with inlet (4) and discharge (53 of a heating medium and pos sible condensate (6) thereof, and where the rotor has annular drying elements (9) disposed at intervals and with annular channels (10) to which the heating medium is fed in a parallel manner from a central channel (11). The annular channels (10) are circular and are disposed con-centrically with each other and with the rotor (3).
An apparatus for the heating and/or drying of wet, comminuted material, e.g. organic material, comprises a stationary housing (2) with a rotatable, hollow rotor (3) with inlet (4) and discharge (53 of a heating medium and pos sible condensate (6) thereof, and where the rotor has annular drying elements (9) disposed at intervals and with annular channels (10) to which the heating medium is fed in a parallel manner from a central channel (11). The annular channels (10) are circular and are disposed con-centrically with each other and with the rotor (3).
Description
~ 3~3~9 ~PPARATUS FOP~ HE~TINt: AND/OR DRYING
This invention relates to apparatus for heating and/or drying of the klnd disclosed in the preamble to claim 1.
Such apparatus for the treatment of wet materials such as fishmeal, comminuted offal, mash *rom breweries and similar moist, glutinous materials of animal or vegetable origin are usally designed for high performances, i.e. for the drying of several tons of material at a time.
Such an apparatus is known from Danish patent no.
138.406, where the annular channels with hollow spaces for the heating medium in each drying element are in the orm of a spiral for the through-flow of steam. The channels are spiral shaped, because one c~n hereby more easily drive the condensate out of the channels, 90 that a good and continuous through-flow of steam is achieved. However, this form of channel gives rise to drawbacks from tha point of view of production, the reason being that in practice the spiral shape is produced by a composltion of circular sectors of suitably curvad bands, in that these pieces of plate material are welded onto the disc-shaped rotor elements. This glves rise to difficult welding processes. Moreover, the ends of the bands must also be welded together, naturally all pressure-tight and generally executed in stainless materials.
The ob;ect of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the kind in question, but of such a con-figuration that the production is to a great axtantmade easier without hereby giving rise to other disadvantages.
~3~
In accordance with the invention ther~ is provided apparatus for heating and/or drying wet comminuted material including a stationary housing rotatably accommodating a hollow rotor having an inlet means and a discharge means for a heat medium, annular drying elements disposed at intervals along the hollow rotor and at least two hollow annular channels providing the annular drying elements, to which the heating medium is fed in parallel. Each of the annular drying elements comprises two substantially planar plates directly welded to each other so as to be coupled together and to form one drying element.
At least one of the two substantially pl~nar plates is deformed so as to form the at least two annular channels directly in the said at least one substantially planar plate.
By virtue of the above noted features of the present invention, it is possible to feed several channels in parallel at one time, which gives a more uniform distribution of heat in the drying element and the possibility for the supply of more thermal energy than wi~h the known constructions. In practice, no probl~ms arise with pos~ible condensate if the heating i9 effected by steam. ~he heating can, ho~ever, also be carried out with, for example hot oil or the like. The supply of l~rge amounts of thermal energy is of great importance if, for example, the comminuted material shall ~e boiled and possibly sterilized as quickly as possible.
With the new configuration of the appara~us, positioning of the annular channels can be variad since the annular channels can be placed in any positiQn over the whole of the drying elements, i.e. in a one-sided or two-sided formation and closely at the side of each other, or with a distance between them. In accordance with still further features of the present invention, the annular channels are configuration on both sides of the drying elements so that a very great supply of thermal ener~y can be achieved together with a uniform heating of ~he whole of the drying element.
- ~; . ,. ~
3 13~39~
The plates may be, in accordance with the present invention, be roundels, with both roundels in e~ch drying element being deformed for ~he formation of the channels. With such an arrangement, the production is simplified since the welding of the channel parts is avoided and the drying elements are produced by providing a plate with suitable deformation so that the desired channel pattern arises.
While the plates are preferably roundels, and it can be sufficient for one roundel in each pair to be deformed for the formation of channels, however, according to the invention, the two annular channels do not necessarily have the same cross-sectional area, whereby the possibility is provided for channels of greater cross-sectional area and thus a greater supply of thermal energy, hereby increasing the capacity of the apparatus. This channel configuration also offers advantages from the point of view of production technology.
Since the annular channels in each drying element are not, in fact, of equal length, they do not have the same resistance to flow. In order to achieve a uniform temperature distribl1tion across each drying element, the channels may have a greater cross-sectional area the greater the distance from the channels and/or the annular channels mAy be disposed in a circular manner on the drying element.
In accordance with yet further features of the present invention, the circular channels are advantageously concentric with respPct to each other, whereby, the whole of the welding operation in~olved in welding the channels onto the drying elemen~s can be automated and carried out by simple welding robots, and a very even and uniform weld seam requiring the minimum of after treatment is achieved.
The circular channels may alsol in accordance with the present invention be concen~ric with the drying element and the rotor and/or an outer edge of the annular drying elements may be of ~-A~
a polygonal configuration, whereby, the possibility is provided for a large number of channels on each drying element, and herewith a great supply of thermal energy.
The annular channels may be of a polygonal configuration corresponding to the outer edge of the annular drying element and/or the outer edge of the drying element may be a quadratic, whereby changes can be made in the pattern of the stirring and the heat distribution, e.g. depen~ing on what kind of materials are to be handled. In accordance with additional features of the present invention, a supply channel for the heating medium may be disposed on one side of the heating element with a return channel for the heating medium being disposed on the other side of the drying element. By virtue of this arrangement, an optimum utilization of raw materials is realized in that the drying elements can be produced by the shearing of lengths of material which are then worked up in the formation of channelsl etc.
With the heating medium supplied on the one side of the drying element and the return flow on the other side, the channels can be executed in an almos~- completely annular manner.
Thereby resulting in a very unîform heat distribution, and avoiding thP supply channel and the return channel lying in each oth~r~s way during the welding operation. With some embodiments of the drying element, it can be advantageous that both the supply channel and the return channel are positioned on the same side, for example on the same side as the annular channels.
~ ' .
~3~3 4a Tha invent~on will now be described in more detail with refarence to tha drawing, in that fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section in an apparatus according to the invention, fig. 2 shows on a larger scale a plan view of a drying element according to a first em-bodiment of the invention, fig. 3 shows a radial section of the drying elemantin fig. 2 saen in the direction III-III, fig. 4 shows a plan view of a drying element ~'~.
5 ~ ~3~3~9 accordin~ to a second embodiment of the invention, fis. 5 shows partly a radial section of the drying element in fig. 4 seen in the direc-tion V-V, fig. 6 shows a plan view of 2 drying element according to a third embodiment of the invention, and fig. 7 shows partly a radial section of the drying element in fig. 6 seen in the direction VII-VII.
The apparatus 1 shown schematically in fig. 1 com-prises a stationary housing 2, possibly provided with a heat shroud, a filling opening 7 for the material to be dried, and a discharge opening 8 for the finish-dried materlal. The material introduced is dried ~y a haated, rotating rotor 3 with aircular, plane drying elements 9 disposed at intervals. For the sake of clarity, the expression drying elements will be used when referring to the part ~, although for different applications it heats the material more or less.
When new, wet material is continously introducsd into the apparatus, the material to be heat~d or boiled will migrate towards the discharge opening 8. The stationary housing 2 has not-shown discharge openings for the steam which is given off by the wet material during the drying.
The rotor 3 has a supply pipe 4 for the heating medium, e.g. steam, leading to a cen-tral pipe 11, and a dischargs pipe 5 for steam plus a second discharge pipe 6 for condensate. The mode of operation is, in :
-. .
~313~9 fact, the same as that known, e.g. from Danish patentno. 138.406.
In figs. 2 and 3 is seen a drying elemsnt 9 on a larger scale and with two circular and concentric channels 10 which are concentric with the ro-tor 3, produced by arched, circular strips of stainless steel being welded to the drying element 9, which is a circular, plane disc, also of stainless steel.
The channels 10 are fed in parallel via a supply channel 12, which via a supply pipe 14 is connected to the central pipe 11. When the heating medium has passed around through the channels 10, it passes through holes 16 in the drying element 9 -to a return channel 13 on the other side of the drying element, and via a return pipe 15 to the rotor 3.
The channels 10 can have identical through-flow clearance, or be configured with different clearance and hereby regulate ths through-flow resistance as dasired. The through-flow resistance can also be regulated by inserting means such as throttle elements or $he like. It is hereby ensured that the flow of heating medium through the channels 10 is as desired, e.g. uniform through-flow in all the channels.
In the example in figs. 2 and 3, the channels 10 are shown one-sided on the one side o~ the drying element 9. It will be obvious that the channels can also be disposed on both sides of the drying element 9, sither opposite one another or staggerad from one another. The channals can be disposed at intervals from one another or closely up against one another, all depending on how uni~oxm the temperature distri-bution is desired to be and on how great a supply of 7 t ~3~L3~4~
heat is required.
Figs. 4 and 5 show an example of a second embodiment of the drying element 9 , in that two roundals 17,18 are suitably deformed and joined together, e.g. by welding. In the shown example, both roundels are de-formed, but in practice it is sufficient for only one of the roundels to be deformed while the other is plane. In the shown example~ the channels 10 are disposed ~mmediately up against each other ovsr the whole of the drying element 10 , but naturally thsy can also be distributed with distance betw~en them as shown in ig. 2.
In figs. 6 and 7 is shown a spscial embodiment of the drying element shown in figs. 4 and 5, in that the roundels 17 and 18 are provided with special channels 10 , so that the drying element 9 is given an even haat distribution, in that the innermost channels have less clearance than the outermost, e.g. evenly decreasins as shown, whereby tha shorter the channels, the greater becomes the through-flow resistance.
In figs. 4-7 the supply means and the return means, 2.g. pipelines, for the heating medium and possible condensate, are merely outlined. It will be obvious to those familiar with the art that supply pipes and discharge pipes for the channels 10 and 10 can be executed in many other ways than those outlined.
All of the shown channels 10,10 ,10 are shown with circular cross-sectional profile, but it will be obvious to those familiar with the art that innumerable other cross-sectional profiles can ba used and produced with the same effect as the above-described, and without deviating from the basic ~ ~ ~3~3~
spirit of the invention.
In the examples in the drawing, all of the drying elements 9,9 ,9 are shown with a circular peripheral edge, and all channals 10,10 ,10 are similarly shown circular. It will be obvious to those familiar with the art that these parts can also have other geometric forms. For example, the drying element can be polygonal, possibly with a quadratic outer edge, and have circular channels or channels which follow the geomatry of the edge. Nor is there anything to prevent a circular drying element from having channels with another geometry, for example polygonal.
This invention relates to apparatus for heating and/or drying of the klnd disclosed in the preamble to claim 1.
Such apparatus for the treatment of wet materials such as fishmeal, comminuted offal, mash *rom breweries and similar moist, glutinous materials of animal or vegetable origin are usally designed for high performances, i.e. for the drying of several tons of material at a time.
Such an apparatus is known from Danish patent no.
138.406, where the annular channels with hollow spaces for the heating medium in each drying element are in the orm of a spiral for the through-flow of steam. The channels are spiral shaped, because one c~n hereby more easily drive the condensate out of the channels, 90 that a good and continuous through-flow of steam is achieved. However, this form of channel gives rise to drawbacks from tha point of view of production, the reason being that in practice the spiral shape is produced by a composltion of circular sectors of suitably curvad bands, in that these pieces of plate material are welded onto the disc-shaped rotor elements. This glves rise to difficult welding processes. Moreover, the ends of the bands must also be welded together, naturally all pressure-tight and generally executed in stainless materials.
The ob;ect of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the kind in question, but of such a con-figuration that the production is to a great axtantmade easier without hereby giving rise to other disadvantages.
~3~
In accordance with the invention ther~ is provided apparatus for heating and/or drying wet comminuted material including a stationary housing rotatably accommodating a hollow rotor having an inlet means and a discharge means for a heat medium, annular drying elements disposed at intervals along the hollow rotor and at least two hollow annular channels providing the annular drying elements, to which the heating medium is fed in parallel. Each of the annular drying elements comprises two substantially planar plates directly welded to each other so as to be coupled together and to form one drying element.
At least one of the two substantially pl~nar plates is deformed so as to form the at least two annular channels directly in the said at least one substantially planar plate.
By virtue of the above noted features of the present invention, it is possible to feed several channels in parallel at one time, which gives a more uniform distribution of heat in the drying element and the possibility for the supply of more thermal energy than wi~h the known constructions. In practice, no probl~ms arise with pos~ible condensate if the heating i9 effected by steam. ~he heating can, ho~ever, also be carried out with, for example hot oil or the like. The supply of l~rge amounts of thermal energy is of great importance if, for example, the comminuted material shall ~e boiled and possibly sterilized as quickly as possible.
With the new configuration of the appara~us, positioning of the annular channels can be variad since the annular channels can be placed in any positiQn over the whole of the drying elements, i.e. in a one-sided or two-sided formation and closely at the side of each other, or with a distance between them. In accordance with still further features of the present invention, the annular channels are configuration on both sides of the drying elements so that a very great supply of thermal ener~y can be achieved together with a uniform heating of ~he whole of the drying element.
- ~; . ,. ~
3 13~39~
The plates may be, in accordance with the present invention, be roundels, with both roundels in e~ch drying element being deformed for ~he formation of the channels. With such an arrangement, the production is simplified since the welding of the channel parts is avoided and the drying elements are produced by providing a plate with suitable deformation so that the desired channel pattern arises.
While the plates are preferably roundels, and it can be sufficient for one roundel in each pair to be deformed for the formation of channels, however, according to the invention, the two annular channels do not necessarily have the same cross-sectional area, whereby the possibility is provided for channels of greater cross-sectional area and thus a greater supply of thermal energy, hereby increasing the capacity of the apparatus. This channel configuration also offers advantages from the point of view of production technology.
Since the annular channels in each drying element are not, in fact, of equal length, they do not have the same resistance to flow. In order to achieve a uniform temperature distribl1tion across each drying element, the channels may have a greater cross-sectional area the greater the distance from the channels and/or the annular channels mAy be disposed in a circular manner on the drying element.
In accordance with yet further features of the present invention, the circular channels are advantageously concentric with respPct to each other, whereby, the whole of the welding operation in~olved in welding the channels onto the drying elemen~s can be automated and carried out by simple welding robots, and a very even and uniform weld seam requiring the minimum of after treatment is achieved.
The circular channels may alsol in accordance with the present invention be concen~ric with the drying element and the rotor and/or an outer edge of the annular drying elements may be of ~-A~
a polygonal configuration, whereby, the possibility is provided for a large number of channels on each drying element, and herewith a great supply of thermal energy.
The annular channels may be of a polygonal configuration corresponding to the outer edge of the annular drying element and/or the outer edge of the drying element may be a quadratic, whereby changes can be made in the pattern of the stirring and the heat distribution, e.g. depen~ing on what kind of materials are to be handled. In accordance with additional features of the present invention, a supply channel for the heating medium may be disposed on one side of the heating element with a return channel for the heating medium being disposed on the other side of the drying element. By virtue of this arrangement, an optimum utilization of raw materials is realized in that the drying elements can be produced by the shearing of lengths of material which are then worked up in the formation of channelsl etc.
With the heating medium supplied on the one side of the drying element and the return flow on the other side, the channels can be executed in an almos~- completely annular manner.
Thereby resulting in a very unîform heat distribution, and avoiding thP supply channel and the return channel lying in each oth~r~s way during the welding operation. With some embodiments of the drying element, it can be advantageous that both the supply channel and the return channel are positioned on the same side, for example on the same side as the annular channels.
~ ' .
~3~3 4a Tha invent~on will now be described in more detail with refarence to tha drawing, in that fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section in an apparatus according to the invention, fig. 2 shows on a larger scale a plan view of a drying element according to a first em-bodiment of the invention, fig. 3 shows a radial section of the drying elemantin fig. 2 saen in the direction III-III, fig. 4 shows a plan view of a drying element ~'~.
5 ~ ~3~3~9 accordin~ to a second embodiment of the invention, fis. 5 shows partly a radial section of the drying element in fig. 4 seen in the direc-tion V-V, fig. 6 shows a plan view of 2 drying element according to a third embodiment of the invention, and fig. 7 shows partly a radial section of the drying element in fig. 6 seen in the direction VII-VII.
The apparatus 1 shown schematically in fig. 1 com-prises a stationary housing 2, possibly provided with a heat shroud, a filling opening 7 for the material to be dried, and a discharge opening 8 for the finish-dried materlal. The material introduced is dried ~y a haated, rotating rotor 3 with aircular, plane drying elements 9 disposed at intervals. For the sake of clarity, the expression drying elements will be used when referring to the part ~, although for different applications it heats the material more or less.
When new, wet material is continously introducsd into the apparatus, the material to be heat~d or boiled will migrate towards the discharge opening 8. The stationary housing 2 has not-shown discharge openings for the steam which is given off by the wet material during the drying.
The rotor 3 has a supply pipe 4 for the heating medium, e.g. steam, leading to a cen-tral pipe 11, and a dischargs pipe 5 for steam plus a second discharge pipe 6 for condensate. The mode of operation is, in :
-. .
~313~9 fact, the same as that known, e.g. from Danish patentno. 138.406.
In figs. 2 and 3 is seen a drying elemsnt 9 on a larger scale and with two circular and concentric channels 10 which are concentric with the ro-tor 3, produced by arched, circular strips of stainless steel being welded to the drying element 9, which is a circular, plane disc, also of stainless steel.
The channels 10 are fed in parallel via a supply channel 12, which via a supply pipe 14 is connected to the central pipe 11. When the heating medium has passed around through the channels 10, it passes through holes 16 in the drying element 9 -to a return channel 13 on the other side of the drying element, and via a return pipe 15 to the rotor 3.
The channels 10 can have identical through-flow clearance, or be configured with different clearance and hereby regulate ths through-flow resistance as dasired. The through-flow resistance can also be regulated by inserting means such as throttle elements or $he like. It is hereby ensured that the flow of heating medium through the channels 10 is as desired, e.g. uniform through-flow in all the channels.
In the example in figs. 2 and 3, the channels 10 are shown one-sided on the one side o~ the drying element 9. It will be obvious that the channels can also be disposed on both sides of the drying element 9, sither opposite one another or staggerad from one another. The channals can be disposed at intervals from one another or closely up against one another, all depending on how uni~oxm the temperature distri-bution is desired to be and on how great a supply of 7 t ~3~L3~4~
heat is required.
Figs. 4 and 5 show an example of a second embodiment of the drying element 9 , in that two roundals 17,18 are suitably deformed and joined together, e.g. by welding. In the shown example, both roundels are de-formed, but in practice it is sufficient for only one of the roundels to be deformed while the other is plane. In the shown example~ the channels 10 are disposed ~mmediately up against each other ovsr the whole of the drying element 10 , but naturally thsy can also be distributed with distance betw~en them as shown in ig. 2.
In figs. 6 and 7 is shown a spscial embodiment of the drying element shown in figs. 4 and 5, in that the roundels 17 and 18 are provided with special channels 10 , so that the drying element 9 is given an even haat distribution, in that the innermost channels have less clearance than the outermost, e.g. evenly decreasins as shown, whereby tha shorter the channels, the greater becomes the through-flow resistance.
In figs. 4-7 the supply means and the return means, 2.g. pipelines, for the heating medium and possible condensate, are merely outlined. It will be obvious to those familiar with the art that supply pipes and discharge pipes for the channels 10 and 10 can be executed in many other ways than those outlined.
All of the shown channels 10,10 ,10 are shown with circular cross-sectional profile, but it will be obvious to those familiar with the art that innumerable other cross-sectional profiles can ba used and produced with the same effect as the above-described, and without deviating from the basic ~ ~ ~3~3~
spirit of the invention.
In the examples in the drawing, all of the drying elements 9,9 ,9 are shown with a circular peripheral edge, and all channals 10,10 ,10 are similarly shown circular. It will be obvious to those familiar with the art that these parts can also have other geometric forms. For example, the drying element can be polygonal, possibly with a quadratic outer edge, and have circular channels or channels which follow the geomatry of the edge. Nor is there anything to prevent a circular drying element from having channels with another geometry, for example polygonal.
Claims (15)
1. Apparatus for heating and/or drying of wet, comminuted material, said apparatus comprising a stationary housing rotatably accommodating a hollow rotor having an inlet means and discharge means for a heat medium, annular drying elements disposed at intervals along said hollow rotor, and at least two hollow annular channels provided in the annular drying elements to which the heating medium is fed in parallel, wherein each of the annular drying elements comprise two substantially planar plates directly welded to each other so as to be coupled together and to form one drying element, and wherein at least one of the two substantially planar plates is deformed so as to form said at least two annular channels directly in said at least one substantially planar plate.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least two annular channels are configured on both sides of the respective annular drying elements.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the two substantially planar plates are roundels, and wherein both roundels in each annular drying element are deformed so as to form said at least two annular channels.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least two annular channels have a different cross-sectional area.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the cross-sectional area of the respective annular channels increases as a distance of the respective annular channels from the hollow rotor increases.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least two annular channels are disposed in a circular manner on the respective drying elements.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the at least two annular channels are concentric with respect to each other.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the at least two annular channels are concentric with respect to the annular drying elements and the hollow rotor.
9. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an outer edge of the annular drying elements is of a polygonal configuration.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the at least two annular channels are of a polygonal configuration.
11. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the outer edge of the annular drying element is quadratic.
12. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a supply channel (12) for the heating medium is disposed on the one side of the heating element, and that a return channel (13) for the heating medium is disposed on the other side of the drying element.
13. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the at least two channels are of a polygonal configuration corresponding to the polygonal configuration of the outer edge of the annular drying elements.
14. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wet comminuted material is an organic material.
15. Apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the hollow rotor includes a condensate discharge pipe means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000603153A CA1313949C (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | Apparatus for heating and/or drying |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000603153A CA1313949C (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | Apparatus for heating and/or drying |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1313949C true CA1313949C (en) | 1993-03-02 |
Family
ID=4140229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000603153A Expired - Fee Related CA1313949C (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | Apparatus for heating and/or drying |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1313949C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111928604A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-13 | 李向英 | Material overturning and airing device based on biomass power generation |
-
1989
- 1989-06-19 CA CA000603153A patent/CA1313949C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111928604A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-13 | 李向英 | Material overturning and airing device based on biomass power generation |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |