CA1290448C - Motor vehicle window pane - Google Patents
Motor vehicle window paneInfo
- Publication number
- CA1290448C CA1290448C CA000553703A CA553703A CA1290448C CA 1290448 C CA1290448 C CA 1290448C CA 000553703 A CA000553703 A CA 000553703A CA 553703 A CA553703 A CA 553703A CA 1290448 C CA1290448 C CA 1290448C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- motor vehicle
- window pane
- vehicle window
- insulating coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A motor vehicle window pane consisting of at least one pane of silicate glass, more particularly single-pane safety glass, having on one free surface a transmission-reducing coating (TRM costing) consisting of at least one metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound. The TRM coating is applied to the full surface of the glass. An insulating coating of non-conductive enamel is applied to and baked in on the TRM coating of the mounting edge strip. The mounting element is disposed on the insulating coating. The insulating coating may be extended in width with respect to the mounting element so that the mounting element leaves free an inner zone of insulating coating. The TRM
coating can be used as a window pane antenna or be provided with antenna conductors terminating short of the mounting element.
A motor vehicle window pane consisting of at least one pane of silicate glass, more particularly single-pane safety glass, having on one free surface a transmission-reducing coating (TRM costing) consisting of at least one metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound. The TRM coating is applied to the full surface of the glass. An insulating coating of non-conductive enamel is applied to and baked in on the TRM coating of the mounting edge strip. The mounting element is disposed on the insulating coating. The insulating coating may be extended in width with respect to the mounting element so that the mounting element leaves free an inner zone of insulating coating. The TRM
coating can be used as a window pane antenna or be provided with antenna conductors terminating short of the mounting element.
Description
2~)44;8 This invention relates generally to a motor vehicle window pane consisting of at least one pane of silicate glass, more particularly single-pane safety glass, having on one free surface a transmission-reducing coating ~TRM
coating) consisting of a metal, a metal alloy or metal compounds, the TRM
coating being applied to the entire surface of the glass and the vehicle window being adapted to be inserted into a window opening in a metal vehicle body with the interposition of a peripheral mounting element in the region of a mounting edge strip normally encircling the motor vehicle window pane. The term "mounting element" is used to denote structural parts in the form of a frame consisting of rubber or plastics, or correspondingly, arranged mounting adhesives which are applied, as it were, as a beading for mounting of the glass by direct adhesion to the edge of the window opening in the metal body.
The invention relates particularly to motor vehicle window pane adapted to direct adhesion. These include, inter alia, motor vehicle window panes constructed as composite safety glass consisting of non-prestressed silicate glass panes. They also include window panes of the kind consisting of single-pane safety glass, and also those in which a silicate glass pane consisting of single-pane safety glass is bonded to at least one silicate glass pane. Usually motor vehicle window panes of this kind are curved. The TRM coating may be in one or more layers, and may more particularly have an additional stabilizing coating. Of course a motor vehicle window pane of this general type can be so inserted into the window opening of the motor vehicle body, that the TRM coating lies on that surface of the window pane which faces the interior of the motor vehicle. The TRM coating covers the full surface of the window pane, i.e. to the edge. The window pane can more particularly be cut out of a strip of manufactured standard glass which has been coated over its entire surface, and then be prestressed and/or coated.
Motor vehicle window panes of the general structure described have proved suitable for transmission reduction. The TRM coating is requird to satisfy special requirements. It must withstand mechanical stress and corrosion when the window pane is mounted in the vehicle. It must also absorb without damage the stresses occurring during thermal prestressing and/or bending in an oxidizing atmosphere. Motor vehicle window panes have proved particularlv suitable in which the TRM coating is as disclosed in United States patents 4,857,094 or 4,816,054. This invention relates 2~
particularly to motor vehicle window panes in which the TRM coating is applied in this known, disclosed way.
It was not hitherto possible to use the motor vehicle window panes of this generally known type as antenna windows simultaneously, neither directly, nor even if additionally printed with antenna conductors consisting of conductive enamel baked on in a known manner. The antenna efficiency was unsatisfactory both for amplitude-modulated radio frequencies (i.e. in the long/medium/short wave range) and frequency-modulated signals (i.e. signals in the ultrashort wave range). This ma,v be due to the mounting elements, particularly the mounting adhesives conventionally used in the case of direct adhesion. In actual fact, the known mounting elements have a relatively low electrical high-frequency resistance, due to the fact that the mounting elements usually contain a considerable amount of carbon black. Motor vehicle window panes equipped with a conductive coating used as a window antenna, or printed with antenna conductors and simultaneously used as antennas are known, but are of a different construction from the motor vehicle window panes to which this invention relates (see EP 01 55 647). In the prior art where a conductive coating was provided, a broad edge strip surrounding the coated glass pane was left free of the conductive coating. Moreover, the antenna elements for the long/medium/short wave range were usually separated from those for the ultrashort wave range, which are in addition frequently also used as heating conductors. Of course, in order to achieve adequate antenna efficiency other complex relationships arising out of the Maxwell equations must be taken into account, particularly since the conductive coating and/or the antenna conductors of the motor vehicle window pane interact electromagnetically as a whole with the motor vehicle body. These relationships lead to the need for special geometric considerations and arrangements, and Eor special steps for decoupling the electromagnetic energy received and for the suppression of interference (see also the theoretical considerations in DE 34 lO 415). The high frequency specialist can take the necessary action to optimize conditions. These steps, however, will not give a satisfactory result if the motor vehicle window pane is constructed in accordance with that generally referred to above. Although adequate results can be achieved if the mounting edge strlp of the motor vehicle window pane is devoid of the TRM coating, a step of this kind is impossible in large-scale I ~
~9C~48 manufacture because of the accompanying high cost.
The ob~ect of the invention is to davelop a motor vehicle window pane of the disclosed general type, the assential feature of whirh is that lt has a TRM coatlng over its full surface, including the mounting edge strip, and whlch wlndow pane can be used as an antenna with a high degree of antenna efficiency, while allowing any des~gn according to current teaching~ in respect of the high frequency range, and any conventional decoupling for the elactromagnetlc energy recelved, being adapted to be used to maximum optimization ln a known manner.
One solution to this problem is characterized in that in order for the TRM
coating to be used as a window antenna, an insulatin~ coating of non-conductive enamel is applied to and baked on the TRM coating on the mounting edge strip, and then the mounting element is disposed on the insulàting coating. The insulating coating may extend in width, ln relation to the mounting element, in the direction of the field of view of the window, so that the mounting elsment leaves free an inner zone of coating, and one or more connector elements or connector buses for tha window antenna may be disposed on that inner zone of the insulating coatin~ and be conductively connected to the TRM coating in or beside the insulating coating. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating is built up in two layers with a base layer adjacent the window pane and a top layer, and if required the top layer may cover the connector elements or the connector buses on the inner zone of the insulating coating.
Another solution to this problem is one in which the conductive antenna conductors are applied to the TRM coating, an insulating coating of non-conductive enamel is applied to and baked on the TRM coating in the mountlng edge strip and the mounting element is disposed on the insulating coating. The insulating coating may extend in width in comparison with the mounting element so that the mounting element leaves an inn0r zone free on the insulating coating and the antenna conductors may be disposed with tKeir ends and/or with buses connected to the antenna conductors on the inner zone of the insulating coating. In this case too a preferred embod~ment of the invention is characterized ln that the insulating coating is built up in two layers with a base layer ad~acent the window pane and a top layer. If required, the top layer may cover the ends of the antenna conductors and/or their buses disposed .
~l2~4~8 on the base layer of the insulating coating. In the case of the smbodiment with additlonal antenna conductors, the antenna conductors are also arran~ed to act as heating conductors for heating the vehlcle window pane, or vice-versa. of course the connector devices for outoging conductors may be disposed outside the area of the mounting elements.
With both solutlons according to the inventlon the result is surprisingly good antenna efficiency both for amplltude-modulated radio slgnals and for fraquency-modulated radio. Of course, in the embodiment in which the TRM
coating is used as a wlndow antenna, the TRN coatin~ can be divided into areas and strips by divlsions which break the electrical connection, ~o that the coating can be adapted to special requirements in respect of high frequencies. The division can also be obtained by masking during manufscture and be subsequent, more partlcularly linear, removal of the TR~ coating. The TR~ coat~ng also contributes advantageously in respect of high-frequencles in the embodiment in which antenna conductors of conductive enamcl are additionally applied. No special connectors are required for this purpose for the TRH coating. In this respect, however, a preferred embodlment of the invention is characterized in that the TRH coating is additionally arranged as an antenna conductor and for this purpose is provided with corresponding connections. This gives additional circuitry possibillties in terms of high frequencies. The TRM coating can, however, also be arranged as a heating conductor for heating of the motor vehicle window pane.
It ls particularly advantageous that a motor vehicle window pane according to the invention offers a number of possibilities in terms of high frequencies and hence in terms of antenna technology. It is possible without difficulty to use the circuits which have proved satisfactory in high-frequency and antenna technology, more particularly a plurality of motor vehicle window panes according to the invention can be used on a motor vehicle and be combined in terms of circuits ~divers~ty antenna circuit).
Preferably the TR~ coating consists of a metal coating ad~acent the glass based on a metal of the group comprising platlnum, iridium, and rhodium or mixtures thereof, and of a thin stabilizing coating of an oxide of the metals of the group comprising bismuth, indium, nickel, antimony, tin, tantalum, titanium, zinc, or mixtures of these oxides. Alternatively, the TRM coating may ba built up of silicides of metals of numbers 22 to 28 of the periodic .
... .
o~
system having a silicon content of 45 - 70 atom-%. The insulating coating of non-conductor enamel should as far as possible have a d.c. resistance of more than 10 ohms. Coatlngs of this kind are generally applied by printing with subsequent baXing of the enamel.
The inventlon i9 based on the surprisin~ finding that capacitative coupling of the TRM coating to the motor vehicle bodyworX, which causes interference, is effectively suppressed by the baked-on insulsting coating Df non-conductive enamel. Surprislngly, the TR~ coating practlcally speaking, looses its conductivity in baking of the enamel, so that it has negligible conductivity beneath the insulating coating. The TR~ coating interacts with the hi~h-frequency field mainly inductively. A surface current distribution forms in the TRM coating. The tapplng is advantageously of low impedance.
It is well Icnown that a uniform overprinting of antenna conductors made from conductive enamel is not sufficient to prov~de adequate capacitative decoupling between the motor vehicle body and antenna conductors dli~posed in the area of the mounting elements. In the motor vehicle window panes according to the invention, therefore, the conductive antenna conductors are dlsposed outside the mounting element.
The invention is explained hereinbelow with referencs to a drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment and in which:
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates, in plan view, details of a motor vehicle window pane according to the invention.
Fig. 2 i8 a sectlon of Flg. 1 in the direction A-A.
Fig. 3 shows a view, similar to Fig. 2, of another embodiment.
In order to ma~e the drawin~ clearer, the width and thlckness of the conductors and coatings are exaggerated as are the strlps in the edge area.
The motor vehicle window pane 1 shown in the drawings, i9 a silicate glass pane, consisting of a slngle pane 1 of safety glass. A transmisslon-reducing coating 2 ~TRM coating) is provided on the surface facing the interior of the vehicle and con~ists of at least one metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound. It will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3 that the TRM costing 2 has been applied over tha full surface of the pane. The pane 1 i9 adapted to be inserted into a window openlng (not shown) of a metal vehicle body with the interposltion of a peripheral mounting element 3 extencting about the mounting edge strip 4. The mounting element 3 is a mounting adhesive in this embodiment.
In order that the TRM coating may act, at least ln part as a wlndow antenna, an insulat~n8 coating 5 of non-conductive enamel is applied, by ba~ing in, to tha TRN~costing along the mountlng edge strip 4. In the exempllfled embod~ment, lts width is ~reater than that, of the mountin~
element. The mounting element 3 is applied to an edBe of the insulating coating S adjacent the edge of the pane to leave an inner zone or area 6 free. This applies initially to the embodlmnet of the motor vehlcle window pane 1 accordlns to the inventlon as shown in the top part of Fig. 1. This has no additional antenna conductor. It also appl~es, however, to the embodlment shown in the bottom part of Fig. 1, which has additional antenna conductors 7. In both cases the inner zone 6, which functions as an optical screen or visual protection edge strip, could be dispensed with. However, it also improves the electrical condltions. ~he top part of Fig. 1 shows a connector element 8 for the window antenna disposed on the inner zDne 6 of the insulatlng coatlng 5 and conductively connected to the TRH coating 2 beside the insulating coating 5. A saction through this arrangement basically has the appearance shown in Fig. 2, although of course for the embodiment shown at the top of Fig. 1 the antenna conductor shown in Fig. 2 will be replaced wlth the connector element 8. In the embodiment in which conductive antenna conductors 7, e.g. of conductive enamel, are applied to the TRM coating 2, they extend as far as the mounting ed8e strip 4. They terminate before reaching the mounting element 3. Here too an insulating coating 5 of non conductive enamel is applied, i.e. baked in, to the TRN coating 2 of the mounting edge strip 4. The mounting element 3 is applied to an edge zone of the insulating coating 5 adjacent the edge of the wlndow pane and again leaves an inner area 6 free. The arrangement is such that the antenna conductors 7 are disposed with their ends and/or with the buses 9 connected to the antenna conductors on the inner zone 6 of the insulatlng coating 5.
Fig. 3 shows that it i9 also possible to u~e a two-layer insulating coating 5, lO consisting of a base layer 5 ad~acent the pane and a top layer 10. The arranBement 19 such that the top layer 10 covers the ends of the antenna conductors 7 and buses 9 disposed on the base layer 5 of the insulatlng coating 5, 10. A corresponding procedure can be adopted also for the embodiment shown in the top part of Fi~. 1. The antenna conductors 7 at 4~3 the bottom of Fig. 1 can also be used as heating conductors for heating the window pane 1. Of course the top layer 10 has at least one gap to enable supply or outgoing leads to be connected to the antenna conductors 7 and bus 9. In the embodiment shown at the bottom of Fig. 1, the T~ coating can add~tionally be used as an antenna conductor or a~ a heating conductor for heating the pane 1, it being advantageous to use connector elements 8 of the Xind shown in the top of Pig. 1. Of course care must always be taXen to en~ure that the TRM coating 2 does not undergo any short-circuit with the vehicle boay towards the outer edge.
coating) consisting of a metal, a metal alloy or metal compounds, the TRM
coating being applied to the entire surface of the glass and the vehicle window being adapted to be inserted into a window opening in a metal vehicle body with the interposition of a peripheral mounting element in the region of a mounting edge strip normally encircling the motor vehicle window pane. The term "mounting element" is used to denote structural parts in the form of a frame consisting of rubber or plastics, or correspondingly, arranged mounting adhesives which are applied, as it were, as a beading for mounting of the glass by direct adhesion to the edge of the window opening in the metal body.
The invention relates particularly to motor vehicle window pane adapted to direct adhesion. These include, inter alia, motor vehicle window panes constructed as composite safety glass consisting of non-prestressed silicate glass panes. They also include window panes of the kind consisting of single-pane safety glass, and also those in which a silicate glass pane consisting of single-pane safety glass is bonded to at least one silicate glass pane. Usually motor vehicle window panes of this kind are curved. The TRM coating may be in one or more layers, and may more particularly have an additional stabilizing coating. Of course a motor vehicle window pane of this general type can be so inserted into the window opening of the motor vehicle body, that the TRM coating lies on that surface of the window pane which faces the interior of the motor vehicle. The TRM coating covers the full surface of the window pane, i.e. to the edge. The window pane can more particularly be cut out of a strip of manufactured standard glass which has been coated over its entire surface, and then be prestressed and/or coated.
Motor vehicle window panes of the general structure described have proved suitable for transmission reduction. The TRM coating is requird to satisfy special requirements. It must withstand mechanical stress and corrosion when the window pane is mounted in the vehicle. It must also absorb without damage the stresses occurring during thermal prestressing and/or bending in an oxidizing atmosphere. Motor vehicle window panes have proved particularlv suitable in which the TRM coating is as disclosed in United States patents 4,857,094 or 4,816,054. This invention relates 2~
particularly to motor vehicle window panes in which the TRM coating is applied in this known, disclosed way.
It was not hitherto possible to use the motor vehicle window panes of this generally known type as antenna windows simultaneously, neither directly, nor even if additionally printed with antenna conductors consisting of conductive enamel baked on in a known manner. The antenna efficiency was unsatisfactory both for amplitude-modulated radio frequencies (i.e. in the long/medium/short wave range) and frequency-modulated signals (i.e. signals in the ultrashort wave range). This ma,v be due to the mounting elements, particularly the mounting adhesives conventionally used in the case of direct adhesion. In actual fact, the known mounting elements have a relatively low electrical high-frequency resistance, due to the fact that the mounting elements usually contain a considerable amount of carbon black. Motor vehicle window panes equipped with a conductive coating used as a window antenna, or printed with antenna conductors and simultaneously used as antennas are known, but are of a different construction from the motor vehicle window panes to which this invention relates (see EP 01 55 647). In the prior art where a conductive coating was provided, a broad edge strip surrounding the coated glass pane was left free of the conductive coating. Moreover, the antenna elements for the long/medium/short wave range were usually separated from those for the ultrashort wave range, which are in addition frequently also used as heating conductors. Of course, in order to achieve adequate antenna efficiency other complex relationships arising out of the Maxwell equations must be taken into account, particularly since the conductive coating and/or the antenna conductors of the motor vehicle window pane interact electromagnetically as a whole with the motor vehicle body. These relationships lead to the need for special geometric considerations and arrangements, and Eor special steps for decoupling the electromagnetic energy received and for the suppression of interference (see also the theoretical considerations in DE 34 lO 415). The high frequency specialist can take the necessary action to optimize conditions. These steps, however, will not give a satisfactory result if the motor vehicle window pane is constructed in accordance with that generally referred to above. Although adequate results can be achieved if the mounting edge strlp of the motor vehicle window pane is devoid of the TRM coating, a step of this kind is impossible in large-scale I ~
~9C~48 manufacture because of the accompanying high cost.
The ob~ect of the invention is to davelop a motor vehicle window pane of the disclosed general type, the assential feature of whirh is that lt has a TRM coatlng over its full surface, including the mounting edge strip, and whlch wlndow pane can be used as an antenna with a high degree of antenna efficiency, while allowing any des~gn according to current teaching~ in respect of the high frequency range, and any conventional decoupling for the elactromagnetlc energy recelved, being adapted to be used to maximum optimization ln a known manner.
One solution to this problem is characterized in that in order for the TRM
coating to be used as a window antenna, an insulatin~ coating of non-conductive enamel is applied to and baked on the TRM coating on the mounting edge strip, and then the mounting element is disposed on the insulàting coating. The insulating coating may extend in width, ln relation to the mounting element, in the direction of the field of view of the window, so that the mounting elsment leaves free an inner zone of coating, and one or more connector elements or connector buses for tha window antenna may be disposed on that inner zone of the insulating coatin~ and be conductively connected to the TRM coating in or beside the insulating coating. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating is built up in two layers with a base layer adjacent the window pane and a top layer, and if required the top layer may cover the connector elements or the connector buses on the inner zone of the insulating coating.
Another solution to this problem is one in which the conductive antenna conductors are applied to the TRM coating, an insulating coating of non-conductive enamel is applied to and baked on the TRM coating in the mountlng edge strip and the mounting element is disposed on the insulating coating. The insulating coating may extend in width in comparison with the mounting element so that the mounting element leaves an inn0r zone free on the insulating coating and the antenna conductors may be disposed with tKeir ends and/or with buses connected to the antenna conductors on the inner zone of the insulating coating. In this case too a preferred embod~ment of the invention is characterized ln that the insulating coating is built up in two layers with a base layer ad~acent the window pane and a top layer. If required, the top layer may cover the ends of the antenna conductors and/or their buses disposed .
~l2~4~8 on the base layer of the insulating coating. In the case of the smbodiment with additlonal antenna conductors, the antenna conductors are also arran~ed to act as heating conductors for heating the vehlcle window pane, or vice-versa. of course the connector devices for outoging conductors may be disposed outside the area of the mounting elements.
With both solutlons according to the inventlon the result is surprisingly good antenna efficiency both for amplltude-modulated radio slgnals and for fraquency-modulated radio. Of course, in the embodiment in which the TRM
coating is used as a wlndow antenna, the TRN coatin~ can be divided into areas and strips by divlsions which break the electrical connection, ~o that the coating can be adapted to special requirements in respect of high frequencies. The division can also be obtained by masking during manufscture and be subsequent, more partlcularly linear, removal of the TR~ coating. The TR~ coat~ng also contributes advantageously in respect of high-frequencles in the embodiment in which antenna conductors of conductive enamcl are additionally applied. No special connectors are required for this purpose for the TRH coating. In this respect, however, a preferred embodlment of the invention is characterized in that the TRH coating is additionally arranged as an antenna conductor and for this purpose is provided with corresponding connections. This gives additional circuitry possibillties in terms of high frequencies. The TRM coating can, however, also be arranged as a heating conductor for heating of the motor vehicle window pane.
It ls particularly advantageous that a motor vehicle window pane according to the invention offers a number of possibilities in terms of high frequencies and hence in terms of antenna technology. It is possible without difficulty to use the circuits which have proved satisfactory in high-frequency and antenna technology, more particularly a plurality of motor vehicle window panes according to the invention can be used on a motor vehicle and be combined in terms of circuits ~divers~ty antenna circuit).
Preferably the TR~ coating consists of a metal coating ad~acent the glass based on a metal of the group comprising platlnum, iridium, and rhodium or mixtures thereof, and of a thin stabilizing coating of an oxide of the metals of the group comprising bismuth, indium, nickel, antimony, tin, tantalum, titanium, zinc, or mixtures of these oxides. Alternatively, the TRM coating may ba built up of silicides of metals of numbers 22 to 28 of the periodic .
... .
o~
system having a silicon content of 45 - 70 atom-%. The insulating coating of non-conductor enamel should as far as possible have a d.c. resistance of more than 10 ohms. Coatlngs of this kind are generally applied by printing with subsequent baXing of the enamel.
The inventlon i9 based on the surprisin~ finding that capacitative coupling of the TRM coating to the motor vehicle bodyworX, which causes interference, is effectively suppressed by the baked-on insulsting coating Df non-conductive enamel. Surprislngly, the TR~ coating practlcally speaking, looses its conductivity in baking of the enamel, so that it has negligible conductivity beneath the insulating coating. The TR~ coating interacts with the hi~h-frequency field mainly inductively. A surface current distribution forms in the TRM coating. The tapplng is advantageously of low impedance.
It is well Icnown that a uniform overprinting of antenna conductors made from conductive enamel is not sufficient to prov~de adequate capacitative decoupling between the motor vehicle body and antenna conductors dli~posed in the area of the mounting elements. In the motor vehicle window panes according to the invention, therefore, the conductive antenna conductors are dlsposed outside the mounting element.
The invention is explained hereinbelow with referencs to a drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment and in which:
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates, in plan view, details of a motor vehicle window pane according to the invention.
Fig. 2 i8 a sectlon of Flg. 1 in the direction A-A.
Fig. 3 shows a view, similar to Fig. 2, of another embodiment.
In order to ma~e the drawin~ clearer, the width and thlckness of the conductors and coatings are exaggerated as are the strlps in the edge area.
The motor vehicle window pane 1 shown in the drawings, i9 a silicate glass pane, consisting of a slngle pane 1 of safety glass. A transmisslon-reducing coating 2 ~TRM coating) is provided on the surface facing the interior of the vehicle and con~ists of at least one metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound. It will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3 that the TRM costing 2 has been applied over tha full surface of the pane. The pane 1 i9 adapted to be inserted into a window openlng (not shown) of a metal vehicle body with the interposltion of a peripheral mounting element 3 extencting about the mounting edge strip 4. The mounting element 3 is a mounting adhesive in this embodiment.
In order that the TRM coating may act, at least ln part as a wlndow antenna, an insulat~n8 coating 5 of non-conductive enamel is applied, by ba~ing in, to tha TRN~costing along the mountlng edge strip 4. In the exempllfled embod~ment, lts width is ~reater than that, of the mountin~
element. The mounting element 3 is applied to an edBe of the insulating coating S adjacent the edge of the pane to leave an inner zone or area 6 free. This applies initially to the embodlmnet of the motor vehlcle window pane 1 accordlns to the inventlon as shown in the top part of Fig. 1. This has no additional antenna conductor. It also appl~es, however, to the embodlment shown in the bottom part of Fig. 1, which has additional antenna conductors 7. In both cases the inner zone 6, which functions as an optical screen or visual protection edge strip, could be dispensed with. However, it also improves the electrical condltions. ~he top part of Fig. 1 shows a connector element 8 for the window antenna disposed on the inner zDne 6 of the insulatlng coatlng 5 and conductively connected to the TRH coating 2 beside the insulating coating 5. A saction through this arrangement basically has the appearance shown in Fig. 2, although of course for the embodiment shown at the top of Fig. 1 the antenna conductor shown in Fig. 2 will be replaced wlth the connector element 8. In the embodiment in which conductive antenna conductors 7, e.g. of conductive enamel, are applied to the TRM coating 2, they extend as far as the mounting ed8e strip 4. They terminate before reaching the mounting element 3. Here too an insulating coating 5 of non conductive enamel is applied, i.e. baked in, to the TRN coating 2 of the mounting edge strip 4. The mounting element 3 is applied to an edge zone of the insulating coating 5 adjacent the edge of the wlndow pane and again leaves an inner area 6 free. The arrangement is such that the antenna conductors 7 are disposed with their ends and/or with the buses 9 connected to the antenna conductors on the inner zone 6 of the insulatlng coating 5.
Fig. 3 shows that it i9 also possible to u~e a two-layer insulating coating 5, lO consisting of a base layer 5 ad~acent the pane and a top layer 10. The arranBement 19 such that the top layer 10 covers the ends of the antenna conductors 7 and buses 9 disposed on the base layer 5 of the insulatlng coating 5, 10. A corresponding procedure can be adopted also for the embodiment shown in the top part of Fi~. 1. The antenna conductors 7 at 4~3 the bottom of Fig. 1 can also be used as heating conductors for heating the window pane 1. Of course the top layer 10 has at least one gap to enable supply or outgoing leads to be connected to the antenna conductors 7 and bus 9. In the embodiment shown at the bottom of Fig. 1, the T~ coating can add~tionally be used as an antenna conductor or a~ a heating conductor for heating the pane 1, it being advantageous to use connector elements 8 of the Xind shown in the top of Pig. 1. Of course care must always be taXen to en~ure that the TRM coating 2 does not undergo any short-circuit with the vehicle boay towards the outer edge.
Claims (15)
1. A motor vehicle window pane adapted to be inserted into a window opening in a vehicle body with the interposition of a peripheral mounting element in the region of a mounting edge strip about the periphery of the window pane, and to function as a window antenna, said pane comprising at least one pane of silicate glass, a transmission-reducing coating consisting of at least one of a metal, a metal alloy and a metal compound, applied to substantially the entire surface area of at least one side of said glass, an insulating coating of non-conductive enamel on the transmission-reducing coating in a strip extending about the periphery of said glass, and said glass mounting element being disposed on the insulating coating.
2. The motor vehicle window pane according to claim 1, wherein the insulating coating extends in width in relation to the mounting element so that the mounting element leaves free an inner area of insulating coating, and at least one connector element or connector bus for the window antenna is disposed on said inner area of the insulating coating and is conductively connected to the transmission reducing coating.
3. The motor vehicle window pane according to claim 1 wherein the insulating coating is built up in two layers, a base layer adjacent the window pane, and a top layer.
4. The motor vehicle window pane according to claim 3, wherein the insulating coating has an outer and an inner area and top layer covers the connector element or the connector bus on the inner area of the insulating coating.
5. A motor vehicle window pane adapted to be inserted into a window opening in a vehicle body with the interposition of a peripheral mounting element in the region of a mounting edge strip about the periphery of the window pane, and to function as a window antenna, said pane comprising at least one pane of silicate glass, a transmission-reducing coating consisting of at least one of a metal, a metal alloy and a metal compound, applied to substantially the entire surface area of at least one side of said glass, conductive antenna conductors connected to the transmission-reducing coating, an insulating coating of non-conductive enamel on the transmission-reducing coating in a strip extending about the periphery of said glass and said glass mounting element being disposed on the insulating coating.
6. A motor vehicle window pane according to claim 5, wherein the mounting element is of a width which leaves an inner area free on the insulating coating and the antenna conductors are disposed with their ends and/or with buses connected to the antenna conductors on said inner area of the insulating coating.
7. A motor vehicle window pane according to claim 5 wherein the insulating coating is built up in two layers, a base layer adjacent the window pane and a top layer.
8. A motor vehicle window pane according to claim 7, wherein the top layer covers the ends of the antenna conductors and/or their buses disposed on the base layer of the insulating coating.
9. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 5 to 7 wherein the antenna conductors are also arranged to act as heating conductors for heating the vehicle window pane.
10. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 5 to 7 wherein the transmission reducing coating is additionally arranged as an antenna conductor or as a heating conductor for heating the motor vehicle window pane.
11. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5 wherein the transmission reducing coating consists of a metal coating adjacent the glass based on a metal of the group comprising platinum, iridium, and rhodium or mixtures thereof, and of a thin stabilizing coating of an oxide of the metals of the group comprising bismuth, indium, nickel, antimony, tin, tantalum, titanium, zinc, or mixtures of these oxides.
12. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5 wherein the transmission reducing coating is built up of a silicide or of silicides of metals of numbers 22 to 28 of the periodic system having a silicon content of 45 - 70 atoms-%.
13. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5 wherein the transmission reducing coating is provided with a d.c. surface resistance of more than 20 ohms.
14. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5 wherein the insulating coating has a high-frequency resistance of more than 106 ohms.
15. A motor vehicle window pane according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5 wherein the transmission reducing coating has a negligible conductivity beneath the insulating coating.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3641738.6-35 | 1986-12-06 | ||
| DE19863641738 DE3641738A1 (en) | 1986-12-06 | 1986-12-06 | MOTORCYCLE DISC |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1290448C true CA1290448C (en) | 1991-10-08 |
Family
ID=6315617
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000553703A Expired - Lifetime CA1290448C (en) | 1986-12-06 | 1987-12-07 | Motor vehicle window pane |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4827274A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0270961B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63232504A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920005101B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE95010T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU602032B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8706573A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1290448C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3641738A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2044898T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX168978B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA879131B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0358090B1 (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1994-08-17 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Window glass for an automobile |
| JP2555737B2 (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1996-11-20 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Car window glass |
| US5644321A (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1997-07-01 | Benham; Glynda O. | Multi-element antenna with tapered resistive loading in each element |
| FR2707975B1 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1997-06-13 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | Enamelled glass substrates. |
| DE4326314A1 (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-09 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | Process for labeling a built-in car glass |
| US5483247A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-01-09 | Ford Motor Company | Method and apparatus for eliminating resonance in a vehicle antenna system |
| US5670966A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1997-09-23 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Glass antenna for vehicle window |
| CA2211698A1 (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-15 | Megawave Corporation | Window glass antenna |
| JPH10513328A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1998-12-15 | メガウエイブ コーポレーション | TV antenna |
| US7323088B2 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2008-01-29 | Glaverbel | Glazing panels |
| DE10002777C1 (en) * | 2000-01-22 | 2001-08-09 | Saint Gobain Sekurit D Gmbh | Contacting a disc with electrical functions |
| FR2841432A1 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-26 | Saint Gobain | Fabrication of electroconducting patterns on a transparent substrate using a paste containing metal particles and coated with an enamel containing a vitreous flux and pigments |
| US7764239B2 (en) | 2002-09-17 | 2010-07-27 | Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Antenna pane including coating having strip-like segmented surface portion |
| FR2899388B1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2008-12-05 | Saint Gobain | SUBSTRATE PROVIDED WITH AN ELECTRONICALLY ELEMENT WITH ANTENNA FUNCTION |
| JP5348646B2 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-11-20 | 東芝Ｉｔコントロールシステム株式会社 | Wireless tag device |
| EP2955976A1 (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-16 | AGC Glass Europe | Heating glass |
| FR3100244B1 (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2023-10-27 | Saint Gobain | Glass sheet comprising an enameled area and an undercoat |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE730131C (en) * | 1940-07-28 | 1943-01-07 | Zeiss Ikon Ag | Antenna for vehicles in which one or more window panes on the vehicle are used as antenna carriers |
| GB996787A (en) * | 1962-08-24 | 1965-06-30 | Honda Gijutsu Kenkyujo Kk | Improved sun visor and radio aerial for motor vehicles |
| GB1201065A (en) * | 1966-08-25 | 1970-08-05 | English Electric Co Ltd | Laminated structure and method of forming same |
| GB1194090A (en) * | 1967-11-09 | 1970-06-10 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Electrically Heatable Glass Products |
| FR2117697B1 (en) * | 1970-12-08 | 1976-07-23 | Saint Gobain | |
| DE2256441C3 (en) * | 1972-11-17 | 1978-06-22 | Flachglas Ag Delog-Detag, 8510 Fuerth | Color-neutral, heat-reflecting pane and its use in laminated safety panes and double panes when viewed through and from above |
| DE7701430U1 (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1978-02-09 | Jotzoff, Angel, Dr.-Ing., 8521 Bubenreuth | Passenger car with a car radio antenna |
| DE2701921A1 (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1978-07-20 | Angel Dr Ing Jotzoff | Integrated radio aerial structure on car body - uses parts of car body decorative trim insulated from body sheets aerial components |
| DE2745475A1 (en) * | 1977-10-08 | 1979-04-12 | Juergen Fischer | Ready-made aerial for motor vehicle - is formed by boot electrically insulated from rest of bodywork |
| US4654669A (en) * | 1983-12-20 | 1987-03-31 | Bsh Electronics, Ltd. | Electrical signal separating device for window antenna having isolating and matching circuitry |
| GB8402244D0 (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1984-02-29 | Pilkington Brothers Plc | Glass window |
| DE3406684A1 (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-09-05 | Wilde Membran Impuls Technik GmbH, 5828 Ennepetal | Self-adhesive decorative strip for motor vehicles |
| DE3410415A1 (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1985-09-26 | Gerhard Prof. Dr.-Ing. 8012 Ottobrunn Flachenecker | ACTIVE AERIAL IN THE REAR WINDOW OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
| DE3628051A1 (en) * | 1986-08-19 | 1988-04-21 | Flachglas Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TEMPERED AND / OR CURVED GLASS, IN PARTICULAR SUN PROTECTION |
-
1986
- 1986-12-06 DE DE19863641738 patent/DE3641738A1/en active Granted
-
1987
- 1987-11-28 AT AT87117647T patent/ATE95010T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-28 DE DE87117647T patent/DE3787513D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-11-28 ES ES87117647T patent/ES2044898T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-28 EP EP87117647A patent/EP0270961B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-04 JP JP62306051A patent/JPS63232504A/en active Pending
- 1987-12-04 ZA ZA879131A patent/ZA879131B/en unknown
- 1987-12-04 AU AU82089/87A patent/AU602032B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-12-04 MX MX009620A patent/MX168978B/en unknown
- 1987-12-04 BR BR8706573A patent/BR8706573A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-12-05 KR KR1019870013873A patent/KR920005101B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-12-07 US US07/129,656 patent/US4827274A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-12-07 CA CA000553703A patent/CA1290448C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0270961B1 (en) | 1993-09-22 |
| EP0270961A3 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| MX168978B (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| ES2044898T3 (en) | 1994-01-16 |
| ZA879131B (en) | 1988-06-04 |
| KR880007274A (en) | 1988-08-26 |
| AU8208987A (en) | 1988-06-09 |
| EP0270961A2 (en) | 1988-06-15 |
| AU602032B2 (en) | 1990-09-27 |
| ATE95010T1 (en) | 1993-10-15 |
| KR920005101B1 (en) | 1992-06-26 |
| DE3641738C2 (en) | 1989-09-14 |
| US4827274A (en) | 1989-05-02 |
| DE3787513D1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
| DE3641738A1 (en) | 1988-06-16 |
| JPS63232504A (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| BR8706573A (en) | 1988-07-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |